International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends

Volume 4, Issue 2, Mar-APR-2018, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X

IoT based Low-cost Weather Monitoring System

Alpana Kushwaha
Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, B.M.S.I.T & M,
Yelahanka, Bangalore, India
alpana13@ymail.com
Dr. Bharathi MalakReddy
Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, B.M.S.I.T & M,
Yelahanka, Bangalore, India
bharathi_m@bmsit.in

Abstract – Climate is the condition of the environment, to the extent that it is hot or chilly, wet or dry, quiet or stormy, clear or
overcast. Man desires to stay up to date about the modern day of new weather conditions of any place like a university campus
or another precise building. Checking the climate conditions physically is troublesome. Here on this paper the weather station
is based totally on IoT (internet of things). The "Weather Bot" reports the climate data of the college campus by showing the
temperature and humidity of the air on e-bulletin board from the reading that is sensed. Such a framework contains sensor
like DHT11 that detects temperature and humidity. The sensor is associated with an e-bulletin board and ESP8266 board that
is a low fee Wi-Fi module. By keeping the embedded devices in the environment for tracking enables us to know the college
campus weather. The execution of the climate observing framework needs to convey the sensor gadgets in the surrounding for
gathering the information and analysis.

Keywords –, Arduino UNO, Arduino software Internet of things, temperature and humidity sensor, ESP8266 (Wi-Fi module),
wireless network.

I. INTRODUCTION around the world. The assembling forms additionally

1 Internet of Things (IoT)
IoT is the future innovation of associating the whole world
at one place. Every one of the articles, things and sensors
can be associated with sharing the information acquired in
different areas and process/investigations that information
for planning the applications like activity flagging,
versatile wellbeing checking in therapeutic applications
and mechanical security guaranteeing strategies, and so
on. According to the estimation of innovative specialists,
50 billion articles will be associated in IoT by 2020. IoT
offers an extensive variety of network of gadgets with
different conventions and different properties of
utilizations for getting the total machine to machine
cooperation [1].
The customary innovations like home mechanization,
remote sensor systems and control frameworks will turn
out to be more effective and more brilliant because of
association of IoT. IoT is having an extensive variety of
utilization zones. For example, Medical applications for
checking the soundness of a patient and sends the data
remote. The present creating Wearable instrumentation is
likewise in view of IoT. The illustration wearable
instrumentation is Smart wrist groups, route pills, and so
on. This techniques require a web interface to refresh the
wellbeing information or to control the gadget with an
advanced cell. The IoT likewise assumes a crucial part in
media applications for promoting and trading the data
require IoT for store network administration,
computerized control frameworks for observing the
assembling forms.
The space necessities of IoT innovation, the geological
particulars are constantly critical if there should arise an
occurrence of following applications. The land
measurements of articles are additionally imperative while
acquiring the information from the items. IoT in car
applications and movement upkeep turned into a most
utilizing zone of mechanization. The mechanized gadgets
in a vehicle ought to be associated with a cloud to refresh
the auto wellbeing inside a timeframe. By interfacing the
vehicles and movement flagging frameworks to the web,
individuals can without much of a stretch locate the most
limited way for their goal from the activity observing
frameworks and can explore consequently by checking
every other course [3].
2 Motivations
Climate guaging is the use of science and innovation to
foresee the condition of the environment for a given area.
Climate conjectures are made by gathering quantitative
information about the present condition of the air on a
given place and utilizing logical comprehension of
environmental procedures to extend how the air will
develop on that place.

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 International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends
Volume 4, Issue 2, Mar-APR-2018, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X
Climate is driven via pneumatic force (temperature and
humidity) contrasts between one place and another. These
weight and temperature contrasts can happen because of
the sun edge at a specific spot, which fluctuates by scope
from the tropics. The climate is a confused framework, so
little changes to one a player in the framework can
develop to effectively affect the framework all in all. This
makes it hard to precisely foresee climate in excess of a
couple of days ahead of time, however climate forecasters
are ceaselessly attempting to expand this point of
confinement through the logical investigation of climate,
meteorology. It is hypothetically difficult to make helpful
day-today forecasts more than around two weeks ahead,
forcing a maximum point of confinement to potential for
enhanced expectation aptitude.
The framework is furnished with all sensor gadgets should
goes about as customer to send the information to the web
server. For setting up an association between the sensor
system and web, we utilized a Wi-Fi module as an extra
correspondence interface controlled by the
microcontroller. A Wi-Fi module requires a wellspring of
remote web association. Once designing the Wi-Fi module
with a web source, it goes about as customer and sends the
sensor information recovered by the microcontroller. The
criteria of associating every one of the sensors to the web
are Web of Things (IoT). The idea of associating the
electronic gadgets, sensors.
 Store and retrieve local weather information
 Real-time data collection and storage
 The system provides a low power solution for
establishing a weather station.
 It is also a less expensive solution due to usage of low
power wireless sensors and SoC contained Wi-Fi
module.
II. RELATED WORK
The survey has firstly done on wireless technologies to
establish a Wireless sensor network. Study went on
choosing the suitable wireless technology. It should be
suitable in all aspects like economic and technological.
The primary concern we have to make while choosing the
communication method is range of communication. Here
they have chosen 802.11 b/g Wi-Fi. When the internet
source is given , the data can be exchanged anywhere in
the world through its IP address. The further study has
done on selecting the microcontroller. The system
implementation is contained with a hidden goal of
achieving low power consumable solution. The
microcontroller should be also low power consuming
alongside all the remaining sensors [2].
Kondamudi Siva Sai Ram et al. have proposed a system
that is an advanced solution for monitoring the weather
conditions at a particular place and make the information
visible anywhere in the world. Internet of Things (IoT)
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technology is used for this [4]. This system is designed for
monitoring and controlling the environmental conditions
like temperature, relative humidity, light intensity and
CO2 level with sensors and sends the information to the
web page and then sensor data is plot in graphical form.
Output from the system can be accessible in the internet
from anywhere in the world. In this system
microcontroller (LPC2148) is used as a main processing
unit for the entire system and all the sensor and devices
can be connected with the microcontroller. Data from the
sensors can be retrieved by the microcontroller and this
sensor data is sent to the internet through ESP8266 Wi-Fi
module having TCP/IP protocol stack integrated on chip
connected to it.
Ms. Padwal S. C. et al. have proposed the system to
implement a WSN platform that can be used for a range of
long term environmental monitoring for IoT applications.
This paper presents functional design of WSN for IoT
application.
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM
S There are a great deal of top of the line frameworks
accessible nowadays for round the clock climate
observing. Be that as it may, these frameworks are
executed on an expansive scale, for checking constant
climate for an entire city or state. Executing such
framework for a little region isn't practical, since they are
not intended for it and the overhead to maintain such
frameworks for a little region is high.
The proposed framework makes utilization of sensor to
quantify the climate/condition factors, for example,
temperature, humidity. The block diagram shown below in
Fig. 1. The qualities read from the sensors are prepared by
the ESP8266 small scale controller and put away in a
content record which can be handled upon to infer
investigation. The readings are likewise shown on an on e-
bulletin board (Fig 4) . Every one of these readings can be
investigated to get the climate qualities of a specific region
and record the climate design. These recorded parameters
are basic and shift from spots to places. Every one of these
necessities are bolstered into the database and these
qualities are fundamentals and recorded after some time.
Utilizing these qualities as information we can plot a
climate outline of a specific territory after some time.
The serial yield from the ESP8266 smaller scale controller
which are the qualities read from the sensors can likewise
be put away in a database. The database can be utilized as
a hotspot for information on the off chance that we need to
show esteems through a site or an independent application.
The modules that make up the climate checking
framework have been painstakingly and well idea of, to
ensure that the sensors utilized are giving the most exact
perusing and are perfect with the ESP8266 small scale
controller.
 International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends
Volume 4, Issue 2, Mar-APR-2018, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X
Fig. 1 Block Diagram.
1 Methodology
3.1 NodeMCU ESP8266 Wi-Fi module: The center of
the undertaking is the ESP8266 based NodeMCU which is
a minimal effort wifi module and the various sensors are
associated with this gadget. The C code is composed in
arduino IDE and transferred to the ESP8266 through a
serial transport. Once the code is transferred then the
board is associated with a Wifi and the gadget begins
working. The code must be transferred just once.The
ESP8266 Wi-Fi Module (in Fig 2) is an independent SOC
with incorporated TCP/IP convention stack that can give
any microcontroller access to the Wi-Fi organize. The
ESP8266 is able to do either facilitating an application or
offloading all Wi-Fi organizing capacities from another
application processor.
Fig. 2 ESP8266(Wi-Fi module).
3.2 Humidity and Temperature Sensor (DHT11):
DHT11 (Fig 3) interfaces with ESP8266 board for
dampness (in %) and temperature (in degree Celcius)
estimation utilizing single wire serial interface (SPI). For
dampness estimation resistive compose segment and for
temperature estimation negative temperature coefficient
(NTC) segment is utilized by this sensor. DHT11 takes a
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shot at 3-5.5V voltage supply and 0.5-2.5mA current
supply.
Fig. 3 DHT11 (Temperature and Humidity sensor).
3.3 e-bulletin board: The temperature and humidity
readings will be displayed on e-bulletin board.
Fig .4 temperature and humidity real-time readings. (at the
right of the figure)
3.4 HTTP: The REST (Representational State Transfer
protocol) is a scalable architecture that allows things to
communicate over Hyper Text Transfer Protocol and is
easily adaptable for IoT applications to provide a
communication from things to a central web server.
Interoperability between computer systems on the internet
is provided by the web services like REST or RESTful. In
that web technology such as HTTP was originally
designed for human to machine communication and now
utilized for machine to machine communication.
3.5 Software Methodology: The whole programming
piece of the framework should be possible in C dialect.
Right off the bat, we need to introduce the ESP8266 by
sending a couple AT orders. Introduction process
incorporates, checking the correspondence with ESP8266
to microcontroller, looking for a Wi-Fi organize inside its
range and interfacing the Wi-Fi module to that system by
getting validated with required accreditations. After the
instatement procedure, we need to program for arranging
the Wi-Fi module as a TCP/IP customer. While designing
the ESP8266, checking the affirmation is critical to
guarantee that the module is arranged effectively.
 International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends
Volume 4, Issue 2, Mar-APR-2018, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X
3.6 Process Specification
The sensors are read after fixed intervals and the sensors
measurements are stored as shown in Fig 5.
Fig. 5 Process specification of weather monitoring IoT
system.
3.7 Controller Service
The controller service keeps running as a local
administration on the gadget and screens temperature and
humidity for at regular intervals (15 seconds). The
controller benefit calls the REST administration to store
these estimations in the cloud as shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 6 Controller service of the weather monitoring IoT
system.
IV. RESULT
Every one of the modules was planned and every one of
the segments was gathered. The testing of every module
was completed effectively. The sensor readings were
successfully recovered in a steady situation and put away
in documents. The records were then foreign to exceed
expectations naturally utilizing macros and the
information was purged and arranged for a neater
portrayal. Therefore the testing stage was finished. This
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examination was performed in a controlled way. Hence,
there is a need to direct further tests in situations more like
genuine climate conditions.
Fig. 7 connection of "Weather Bot" components.
The Weather Bot administrations incorporates the air
quality through the sensor (as shown in Fig. 7) detecting
the earth humidity and temperature and demonstrates the
constant perusing on e-bulletin board (Fig. 8)
Fig. 8 Screen Shot of real-time campus Temperature and
Humidity.
V. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE
ENHANCEMENT
We infer that the present work was a success and it will
give a skillful technique to recording ongoing climate
readings and help agriculturists whose business relies
upon the climate in a nation like India to create better
quality products. It can be utilized to accumulate data
about the prerequisites for every zone throughout the
years. The assembled data is utilized to decide the ideal
conditions for plants to develop and the rancher can
change the earth appropriate for the development of the
plant. This, thus will have huge affect on horticulture and
furthermore on ranchers all through the world.
This model can be additionally extended to screen the
creating urban communities and modern zones for
contamination observing. This model gives a proficient
and minimal effort answer for persistent checking of
condition.
 International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends
Volume 4, Issue 2, Mar-APR-2018, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X

VI. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am glad to display this paper on "IoT Based Low-cost
Weather Monitoring System" in the wake of finishing it
effectively. I offer my true thanks to our Principal Dr.
Mohan Babu G.N, for giving every one of the offices and
the help. I healthily thank our Head of Department, Dr.
Thippeswamy G, Dept. of Computer Science and
Engineering, BMSIT for his consistent support and
motivation in taking up this smaller than normal
undertaking. I nimbly thank our guide and additionally
venture facilitator, Dr. Bharathi Malakreddy A, Professor,
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, for her
support over the span of the venture. Extraordinary on
account of our guide Mr. Harinath K for the assistance in
undertaking and all the staff individuals from Computer
Science Department for their assistance and kind co-task.
Finally I thank my folks and companions for their
consolation and bolster given to us keeping in mind the
end goal to complete this valuable work.

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