TUTORIAL 9

Lecture 3
Questions 1-6

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1. If Z ~ N (0, 1) , find
a ) P ( Z  1.11)
b) P ( Z  2.46)
c) P(1.0  Z  2.0)
d ) P(0.77  Z  1.25)

e) P Z  0.56

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Solution
Z ~ N (0, 1)
a ) P ( Z  1.11)  0.1335 (Page 21)

b) P ( Z  2.46)  1  P( Z  2.46)
 1 0.0070
 0.993

c) P(1.0  Z  2.0)  P ( Z  1.0)  P( Z  2.0)

 0.1587 0.0228
 0.1359
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d ) P(0.77  Z  1.25)  1  P( Z  1.25)  P( Z  0.77)
 1  P( Z  1.25)  P( Z  0.77)
 1 0.1056 0.2206
 0.6738

e) P Z  0.56  P(0.56  Z  0.56)

 1  P( Z  0.56)  P( Z  0.56)
 1  P( Z  0.56)  P( Z  0.56)
 1  2 P( Z  0.56)
 1 2(0.2877)
 0.4246
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2. If Z ~ N (0, 1) , find the value k if
a ) P( Z  k )  0.3669
b) P ( Z  k )  0.7823
c) P( Z  k )  0.0793
d ) P( Z  k )  0.9893

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Solution
Z ~ N (0, 1)
a ) P( Z  k )  0.3669 P( Z  0.34)  0.3669
k  0.34

b) P ( Z  k )  0.7823
P( Z  k )  0.7823
P ( Z   k )  0.2177 P( Z  0.78)  0.2177
 k  0.78
k  0.78
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c) P( Z  k )  0.0793
P( Z  k )  0.0793 P ( Z  1.41)  0.0793
 k  1.41
k  1.41

d ) P( Z  k )  0.9893
P( Z  k )  0.0107 P( Z  2.30)  0.0107
k  2.30

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3. If X ~ N (9, 16) , find
a) P( X  10)

b) P(4  X  8)
c) P (5  X  10)

d ) P X  3  2 

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Solution
X ~ N (9, 16) X ~ N ( ,  2 )
X 

a) P( X  10)  P Z 
10  9  Z
 
 16 
 P ( Z  0.25)
 0.4013

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  49 89
b) P(4  X  8)  P Z 
 16 16 
 P(1.25  Z  0.25)
 P(0.25  Z  1.25)
 P( Z  0.25)  P( Z  1.25)
 0.4013 0.1056
 0.2957

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 59 10  9 
c) P (5  X  10)  P Z 
 16 16 
 P(1.00  Z  0.25)
 1  P( Z  0.25)  P( Z  1.00)
 1  P( Z  0.25)  P( Z  1.00)
 1 0.4013 0.1587
 0.44

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d ) P X  3  2  P(2  X  3  2)
 P(1  X  5)
1 9 59
 P Z 
 16 16 
 P(2.00  Z  1.00)
 P(1.00  Z  2.00)
 P( Z  1.00)  P( Z  2.00)
 0.1587 0.0228
 0.1359

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4. The scores, X, in a Mathematics Competition
are such that X ~ N (80, 20) . Find
a) the probability that Ali, a student chosen
at random, scores between 75 and 90 on
the test.
b) the probability that Erica, a student
chosen at random, scores less than 72
c) the probability that Intan, a student
chosen at random, scores more than 85,
given that she scored less than 90.

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d) the score needed to obtain a high
Distinction Certificate, if those are
awarded to the top 8% of the students.

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Solution
X ~ N (80, 20)
 75  80 90  80 
a) P(75  X  90)  P Z 
 20 20 
 P(1.12  Z  2.24)
 1  P( Z  2.24)  P( Z  1.12)
 1  P( Z  2.24)  P( Z  1.12)
 1 0.0126 0.1314 (Page 21)
X ~ N ( ,  2 )  0.856
X 
Z

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  72  80 
b) P ( X  72)  P Z  
 20 
 P ( Z  1.79)
 P ( Z  1.79)
 0.0367

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 P( X  85  X  90)
c) PX  85 X  90 
P( X  90)
P(85  X  90)

P( X  90)
 85  80 90  80 
P Z 
  20 20 
 90  80 
P Z  
 20 
P(1.12  Z  2.24)

P( Z  2.24)

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 P( Z  1.12)  P( Z  2.24)
c) PX  85 X  90 
1  P( Z  2.24)
0.1314  0.0126

1  0.0126
 0.1203

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d ) P( X  A)  0.08
 A  80 
P Z    0.08
 20 
A  80
 1.41
20
A  80  6.3
A  86.3

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5. It has been found that the annual rainfall in
a town follows a normal distribution. If the
mean annual rainfall is 65 cm and from
past records, 15% of the years have rainfall
which is more than 85 cm. What is the
variance of the annual rainfall?

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Solution
X ~ N (65,  2 )
P( X  85)  0.15
 85  65 
P Z    0.15
  
 20 
P Z    0.15
  
20
 1.04

  19.23
 2  369.8
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6. The masses of packets of sugar are
normally distributed. In a large
consignment of packets of sugar, it is found
that 99.76% of them have a mass greater
than 286 g and probability of each pack is
less than 312 g is 0.9918. Estimate the
mean and the variance of this distribution.

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Solution
X ~ N ( ,  2 )
P( X  286)  0.9976
 286   
P Z    0.9976
  
  286    
P Z      0.9976
   
  286    
P Z      0.0024
   
 286   
   2.82
  
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 286    2.82 (1)
P( X  312)  0.9918
 312   
P Z    0.9918
  
 312   
P Z    0.0082
  
312  
 2.40

312    2.4 (2)
(2)  (1) : 26  5.22
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   4.9808
 2  24.81
(1) : 286    2.82(4.9808)
286    14.05
  300.05

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