Part 1: Create Graphics Using GSS Data

The Quick tables website is extremely easy to learn and use. On following the

link provide on the question paper, click on one of the datasets listed. On the

next page, depending on the dataset you select, select the variable you

intend to analyse, and the variable to group the data with. If need be choose

the confidence interval from the dropdown menu provided. On the chart

options section, choose chart type, orientation and visual effects.

The selected dataset for this report is Religion Variables by Background Variables.

In this report, analysis are conducted on the variable Believe in Life After

Death grouped using the variable Marital Status. Finally, the year range is set

to range between 2010-2018.

The results had all satisfied my expectation. Below is the table created.
Part 2: More Practice
A. You're thinking of opening an outdoor adventure company offering trips to climb in the

Himalayas. You want to guide your clients to adventure but also protect them as much as

possible. You need to inform your clients of the dangers, so you do some research and

find these data on the causes of deaths on 15 of the highest peaks.

 1. Find the percentage of fatalities for each category.

Number of
Cause of Death Fatalities Percentage
Avalanche 244 31.12%
Disappearance 92 11.73%
Fall 235 29.97%
Exposure 43 5.48%
Cold and exhaustion 47 5.99%
Altitude sickness 29 3.70%
Illness 24 3.06%
Pulmonary edema 10 1.28%
Cardiac arrest 8 1.02%
Falling rock 6 0.77%
Falling serac (ice column) 5 0.64%
Unknown 5 0.64%
Other 36 4.59%
Total 784 100.00%

2. Make a chart suitable to display these data to your potential clients. You can draw
it by hand, use software, or enter the statistics into a website that makes charts
(see the Supplementary Material).
 3. If you're the guide, on what dangers should you focus your attention to make the
biggest impact in safeguarding your clients?
Avalanche
Disappearance
Fall
B. Here's a summary of the 1972 GSS data for the question of whether the respondent

would vote for a qualified woman as president.

1. Find the marginal distributions for this table.

1972 Survey Response

Marginal
Gender Yes No Total Distribution
Male 562 200 762 49.71%
Female 573 198 771 50.29%
Total 1,135 398 1,533 100.00%
Marginal
Distribution 74.04% 25.96% 100.00%

2. Compare these percentages to those in the table for 2010 in the lesson. Is there
much of a difference? Have attitudes changed much since 1972?
Percentages for the marginal distribution for this table and that of 2010 have a significant
difference. The table containing 2010 data shows that a ratio of 0.3784552 of all
participance chose no as compared to 0.2596216569 for 1972. We can conclude that yes
attitudes have changed since 1972.

3. Find the conditional distributions for males and females as we did in the lesson.

1972 Survey Response

Gender Yes No Total
Male 49.52% 50.25% 49.71%
Female 50.48% 49.75% 50.29%
Total 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

Are males or females more likely to vote for a woman for president?
Although female are more likely to vote for a woman for president, th difference between
the two is very small.
How do the conditional distributions compare to those from 2010?
Unlike the distribution seen on the above Table, 2010’s conditional distribution shows
that more men are more likely to vote a woman for president.
4. Make a stacked bar chart, by hand or with software, to display the information in
the table.

C. The table below displays data from the sinking of the Titanic . The two categorical

variables are whether a passenger survived (yes or no) and the ticket class of the

passenger (first, second, third, or crew).

1. Find the marginal distributions for the table.

Class
Marginal
Distributio
Survived First Second Third Crew Total n
Yes 203 118 178 212 711 32.30%
No 122 167 528 673 1,490 67.70%
Total 325 285 706 885 2,201 100.00%
Marginal
Distributio
n 14.77% 12.95% 32.08% 40.21% 100.00%
 2. Find the distribution of class for the condition of surviving or not. Divide the
numbers in each class by the row total of 711 for survivors or by 1,490 for those
who didn't survive.

Class
Survived First Second Third Crew Total
Yes 28.55% 16.60% 25.04% 29.82% 100.00%
No 8.19% 11.21% 35.44% 45.17% 100.00%
Total 14.77% 12.95% 32.08% 40.21% 100.00%

3. Make a chart to compare the distributions.

4. Find the distribution of survival for each category of class. Divide the yes and no
numbers in each column by the column total.
 Class
Survived First Second Third Crew Total
Yes 62.46% 41.40% 25.21% 23.95% 32.30%
No 37.54% 58.60% 74.79% 76.05% 67.70%
Total 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

5. Make a chart to compare these distributions.

6. Using what you've found, answer this question: Did the chance of surviving the
Titanic sinking depend on class? Were all the ticket classes equally likely to
survive?
Yes, the chance of surviving the Titanic sinking depended on class since we see that for
first class the number of survivors was higher than those who didnt survive. If you
compare this to the crews deck, more crew members did not survive in comparison to
those that did survive.