Brookfield

Township
Gabrielle Jamieson, Sarah Green, Autumn
Gettings, Megan Jones, Kaitlyn Goss,
Nathaniel Hunter, Johannah Hollobaugh,
Cassidy Kimbrough, Sydney Hurd
09.04.2022
 Founding and Growth:

History
● Documents show that the land that is currently known as
Brookfield (15,305 acres) was sold by the Connecticut Land
Company to Samuel Hinckley in 1799.
● The land was sold for $12,903.23 ($312,622 today).
● Samuel Hinckley drew the land in a lottery that took place in
1798.
● Samuel named the town “Brookfield” after a city in England and
put aside land for the village green and a cemetery. These
locations are still open for public-use today.
● There has been questions surrounding different dates in
Brookfield’s history.
● The Ohio Historical Marker located in the historic district states
Brookfield was founded in 1797.
● It has been argued by archivists that it was actually founded on
September 14, 1799.
 ● In 1823, a company was formed by Captain Willis Finzel and First

History Cont.
Lieutenant Chad Bromley. It was based on light infantry militia
and allowed farmers to furnish their own guns and take part in
monthly drills.
● Brookfield was mostly agricultural until coal mines were
discovered in the 1830s.
● In the early 1900s, Frederick Masury began manufacturing
explosives in southeast Brookfield. This section of the town is
now known as Masury and was named after Frederick.
● Masury’s business stopped with the coal mines in the 1930’s.
● Yankee Lake Village was also created in 1934 for Sunday
dancing.
● Native Americans once described the land of Brookfield as
“Menshadowa Crebo.” This translates to “Land of Many Springs.”
● There is a house in the center of Brookfield that was used in the
underground railroad system to help free slaves. It is rumored
that over 60 slaves passed through the town.
 Significant Changes and Development:

● One of Brookfields earliest documented settlers is James McMullen,

History Cont.
who purchased some land in the town from Hinckley in 1801.
● Reverend Thomas Jones opened the first store in 1802.
● The first doctor, Dr. Thomas Hartford, came to Brookfield in 1806.
● Yankee Run Road was the first road being built in 1809. Later on,
Amy-Boyle Road (1825) and Bedford Road (1835) were proposed.
● Residents state that there has been a decline in the town.
Businesses (such as Valley View) are closing due to low traction
and area declination.
● Today, Brookfield is a mix of rural areas, industry, and residential
places.

Deficits:

● Inconsistencies in the towns history.

● Area declination as stated by current residents (David and Denis
Jamieson).
● Loss of business.
 Demographic Statistics (Brookfield vs Trumbull County):

People
● Brookfield: 96% White, 1% Hispanic, 1% American Indian, 1% African
American, 1% Two or More Races
● Trumbull County: 88% white, 8.8% African American, 0.2% American
Indian, 0.6% Asian

Population Density:

● 390.75/ sq mi
● Once people stay in the area they tend to stay there for a long period
of time.

Population Composition:

● While Brookfield is said to house a large number of elderly

individuals, 58% of the population is age 18-64.
● Brookfield has a total population of 8,429 as of 2020.
● Sex: Male (4,214), Female (4,215)
● Race: 96% white
● Language: 98% speak English only
● 10.4% of Brookfield’s population has veteran status.
 Population Characteristics:

People Cont.
● The majority of people in Brookfield are of middle class.
● Only 6.4% unemployment rate.
● Most Brookfield residents have some type of education. For
some, education may only go as far as graduating high
school. Others have college degrees.
● Marriage Rates: 4.3% marriage rate (2020).
● Divorce Rates: 43.8% divorce rate (2020).
● Head of Household: Most households are upheld by two
people.
● Median Income: $50,345

Mortality Characteristics:

● Infant Mortality Rate: 6.9%

● Maternal Mortality Rate: N/A
● Leading Cause of death in Brookfield is heart disease.
 Morbidity Characteristics:

People Cont.
● There are some diseases that are more commonly
seen in Brookfield residents.
● Lyme disease: This is a potent disease in this
community due to environmental factors/risks.
Many people take part in outdoor activities such as
hunting, fishing and maintaining farms and/or
gardens.
● Crohn's Disease : This disease was seen specifically
with Bobby Lucarell.

Deficits:

● Lack of diversity
● Infant mortality rate (What is causing this?)
● Brookfield has a high rate of divorce. It is over 10x
the rate of marriages in the town.
● With almost 11% of Brookfield’s residents being
. veterans, there should be more events to honor
those who have served our country.
 Physical Description and Public Spaces:

● Brookfield is a mostly rural area between Youngstown, OH and

Environment
Hermitage, PA.
● Total area: 24.7 sq mi (63.9 km2), water: .1 sq mi (0.2 km2)
● Coordinates: 41.2406° N, 80.5579° W
● “The Green” is in the center of Brookfield. It has a gazebo and
sidewalks where people can meet and walk dogs.
● Brookfield has one community park. However, it needs repairs.
● Yankee Run Golf Course is a terrain used for recreational activities.
● Code Enforcement often patrols the area.
● Sidewalks are only present on main roads.
● There is a Natural Resources Conservation is located in Cortland, OH.

Nearing Cities:

● West Hill, OH (1.4 miles )

● Yankee Lake, OH (1.4 miles)
● Masury, OH (1.6 miles )
● Sharon, PA (1.8 miles)
● Farrell, PA (2.0 miles)
● Sharpsville, PA (2.1 miles)
● Hermitage, PA (2.3 miles)
 Housing:

● There are a variety of housing options at many different price ranges. The
condition of housing options is generally good.

Environment Cont.
● Homes: 26.9% rented, 69.8% owned, 3.3% vacant.
● Trumbull County Metropolitan Housing Authority is located in Warren, OH.

Biological, Chemical, and Food/Water Supply:

● Clean city water is available to Brookfield’s residents.

● Trumbull County Sanitary Engineer located at 842 Youngstown Kingsville
Road.
● Sewage and Waste Removal: Brookfield Wastewater Treatment located at 921
Standard Avenue.
● There are grocery stores and convenience stores available for food and fresh
fruits/vegetables. Restaurants and fast food options are also located in town.
● Air quality index (AQI): Brookfield’s air quality is 35.4. This is better than the
national average at 32.
● There is a current debate on injection wells (for fracking) in Brookfield.

Deficits:

● Lack of sidewalks on all streets.

● Park repairs required and unmaintained running trails.
● No zoning.
● No public housing options.
● Injection wells debate.
 Preventative Care, Acute Care, and Services in Town: all of these facilities

Health Care are accepting new patients (this may depend on the patient’s insurance).

● A Steward Primary Care is located at 7159 Warren-Sharon Road. Dr.

System ●
Shani Vaturi, MD (family doctor) and Dr. David DAmore, MD
(internal medicine) practice there.
Dentist: Dr. Joseph J. Fonagy located at 7159 Warren-Sharon Road.
● Chiropractor: Dr. Wray located at 1223 Brookfield Road.
● Eye Care: Joseph Eye and Laser Center (Dr. Christopher Joseph)
located at 7264 Warren-Sharon Road.
● Foot/Ankle: Northeast Ohio Foot, Ankle & Wound Center Inc. (Dr.
James Lapolla) located at 7364 Warren-Sharon Road.

Emergency Services:

● Brookfield Div. of Fire & EMS located at 774 State Route 7 NE

(330-448-1000).
● Brookfield Police Department located at 6844 Strimbu Drive
(330-448-6960).
● Nearby Hospitals: Trumbull Memorial Hospital, St. Joseph Warren
Hospital, St. Elizabeth Youngstown Hospital.
● Nearby Ambulance Service: Lane LifeTrans located at 1350 N.
Canfield-Niles Rd, Mineral Ridge, OH 44440.
 Nearby Resources:

Health Care
● There are numerous resources outside of the community for services such as
mental health, hospice, rehabilitation, and occupational health in neighboring
towns, but none are directly available in Brookfield.
● Home Health: O'Brien Memorial Health Care Center located at 563 Brookfield

System Cont.
Ave, Masury, OH 44438.
● Hospice: Hospice of the Valley located at 5000 E Market St #19, Warren, OH
44484.
● Mental Health: Center For Behavioral Health located at 1950 Niles Cortland Rd
NE, Warren, OH 44484.
● Rehab: Action Physical Therapy located at 28 Pine St, Sharon, PA 16146.
● Ambulatory Services: Action Ambulance located at 421 South Street SE, Warren,
OH 44483.
● Occupational Health: Workmed located at 730 N Main St, Hubbard, OH 44425.
● Pregnancy Assistance: Pregnancy Help Center located at 4845 Market St Ste 13,
Youngstown OH, 44512.

Health Care Financing and The Workforce:

● In Trumbull County, 93.7% of the population has health coverage.

● 42.9% have employee health insurance plans.
● 17.6% have Medicare and 22.2% get insurance through Medicaid.
● 9.58% are on non-group plans and 1.36% have military/veteran insurance.
● While there are many people in Brookfield that are employed in health care, most
have to travel outside of the town for work. There are not enough facilities in
Brookfield to employ the health care workers that live there.
 Health Department and Health Education:

● The goal of health education is promote positive changes, prevent

Health Care ●
disease, and provide patient knowledge.
Trumbull County Combined Health District located at 176 Chestnut
Ave., NE Warren, Ohio 44483.

System Cont.
○ Mission Statement: ”We are committed to protect and
promote the health and well-being of our community and
prevent disease, disparity, and harm to our residents.”
○ Core Values: trustworthiness, collaboration, communication,
helpfulness, and dedication.
○ Health Educator on Staff:
■ Child car seat safety, safe sleep, childhood
immunizations, child development education
available on website.

Deficits:

● Most health care facilities in the area are accepting new patients,
but may require specific insurance.
● May have to travel outside of the community to meet specific health
needs.
● Small town means there is not a lot of resources.
● Not many opportunities for a career in health care directly in
Brookfield.
 Official Government Resources:

● Medicaid: free health insurance for low income and disabled.

Social Services
● Community Clinics: Midlothian Free Clinic.
● Food Stamps.
● Ohio Department of Jobs and Human Services.

and Welfare Voluntary Resources and Extra Assistance:

● Group homes are available in Brookfield for mentally disabled adults.

(Alternative Living Solutions)
● Meal Delivery Services (Mom’s Meals, Meals on Wheels) can provide food to
those who cannot financially access it or people who are not physically capable
of making a hot meal.
● O’Brien Memorial Health Care (Masury, OH) is a home health care facility near
Brookfield that can benefit the elderly or those who are disabled or can’t leave
their homes.
● Kaleidoscope Project Inc (Masury, OH) provides services for the
developmentally delayed.

Deficits:

● Transportation and travel may be difficult for those in need of

government-based assistance (free clinic and stores that accept EBT or food
stamps) or services that are not available directly in the community.
 Brookfield Local School District:

● Graduation rate: 80-84%

● The local school district includes the elementary, middle, and high

Education
school.
● Math Proficiency Standardized Testing Scores: 56% (bottom 50% in
Ohio).
● Reading Proficiency Standardized Testing Scores: 63% (top 50% in
Ohio).
● Board of Education: Sarak Kurpe (president), Melissa Sydlowski (vice
president), Derek Mihalcin, Jerry Necastro, Ronda Bonekovic.
● Meetings for the Board of Education are held monthly.

Services, School Lunch Programs, and Buses:

● The school website provides a helpline phone number (2-1-1) that

offers 24/7 confidential assistance to those who call.
● Mental Health Services.
● Tutoring Services.
● Sex education required.
● Collaboration with The Nutrition Group to provide healthy food
options to students.
● Free or reduced meals can be accessible through a yearly
application based on parents financial status.
● After school program offered for math and reading support.
● Special education services are available for students with
disabilities.
● Bussing is available for students attending Brookfield Local
Schools.
 Libraries, Day Cares, and Preparing for Adulthood:

Education
● Brookfield Public Library is provided through the Warren-Trumbull
Library System. It holds frequent events for young children and
has genealogy services.
● Day Care: Lizzie’s Angels in Trumbull County.

Cont.
● MCCTC is located in Canfield, OH for schooling that prepares
students for adult careers.
● Brookfield Methodist Preschool.

Colleges and Universities Nearby:

● YSU (about 20 mins away)

● Kent State (Trumbull Branch about 30 mins away)
● New Castle School of Trades (about 32 mins away)
● Thiel College (about 28 mins away)

Deficits:

● Graduation rate can be much higher.

● Free or reduced meals are not available to every student
(depends on parents financial status).
● Low standardized testing scores.
 Food and Grocery:

● Mr. D’s Food Fair and Sparkle Market provide fresh produce, meats, dairy, fruits,

Industry and
and vegetables. They take WIC and food stamps.
● Brookfield Drive-In and Milk Barn Drive-Thru provide quick beverages and snacks
on the go while you stay in the car.
● Dollar General and Family Dollar provide quick and cheap food options or
necessities in Brookfield.

Economics
● Restaurants/Fast Food Options in Brookfield: Subway, Brookfield Family Diner,
Belly Buster, Papa Louie’s Italian Kitchen.

Income, Class, and Employment:

● The family median income ranges from $62,273- $70,850 annually.

● Brookfield population consists of mainly middle class families.
● Employment Level: unemployment rate for the town is 6.4%
● The average income for Brookfield residents is $25,479.
● Median household Income: $43,529

Workplaces and Manufacturing: mostly blue collar (labor) jobs.

● United Steel Services Inc: distributes steel

● E Z Label Co : ship packages and fax
● Hoffman & Walker Co: lawyer in town
● Vendrick Construction Inc.: contractor
● Intense Fabrication & Design: metal/ welding fabricator
● Nick Strimbu Inc: trucking company
● Tenaris Brookfield: pipe supplier

Deficits:
● Low average income and class.
● Unemployment rate.
● Not many white collar jobs (office/administrative work).
 Fire Department/EMS:

Safety ●
●
●
For emergencies, dial 9-1-1.
For non-emergencies, the fire department can be reached at (330)-448-1000.
Fire Department Mission: “Brookfield Township Fire Department and Emergency

Systems
Medical Services is dedicated to providing safety and protection to our
community from all hazards in a professional, competent, and educated manner
by placing others before self.”

Police Department:

● For emergencies, dial 9-1-1.

● For non-emergencies, the police department can be reached at (330)-448-6960.
● Police Department Mission: “Work with the people of Brookfield to secure a safe
and just future for all by fight crime, reducing fear, and building community.”
● Residents can report incidents at reports@brookfieldpd.net
● Brookfield PD has a Facebook page where they post about local crimes.

Crime Rates: 16.77 per 1,000 residents annually

● Top 3 Committed Crimes in Brookfield: theft, burglary, and assault.

● Theft: 2,042.8 per 100,000 residents annually.
● Burglary: 500.1 per 100,000 residents annually.
● Assault: 282.7 per 100,000 residents annually.
 Community Education, Plans, and Resources:

Safety
● Brookfield has a public website that offers information on the police department,
fire department, road department, etc. On this site, residents can learn about local
and community laws, give feedback, view who works for the police department

Systems Cont.
and fire department, find contact information, and apply for jobs.
● Link for Fire Department: Brookfield Fire & EMS – Brookfield (brookfieldtwp.org)
● Link For Police Department: Brookfield Police – Brookfield (brookfieldtwp.org)
● Brookfield does not have it’s own rape crisis center. The national sexual assault
hotline is 1-800-656-4673.
● Information was not found on a disaster plan specifically for Brookfield. However,
in our past community class, we had the opportunity to take part in a toxic waste
disaster drill. This drill was covered on the news and could have been used as
education for the those in the community.
● There are also national websites that offer ways to prepare for disasters.
● Brookfield Local Schools take part in mandatory disaster drills (torando, active
shooter, bomb threats, etc).

Deficits:

● Crime rates are relatively low but there is always room for improvement.
● While most people use social media, some do not(especially elderly). While a
Facebook page and website is a great idea, it does not reach all residents.
● No information on Brookfield Township disaster plan.
 Roads and Highways:

● There are many large roads and highways that run through Brookfield.

Transportation
● Some of these roads include Bedford Road, Ohio State Route 7, and State Route
711.
● While not all roads/streets in this community are serviced by Brookfield
Township Road Department, they are all generally well-kept and clean.

Modes of Transportation:

● Most people in Brookfield have personal-use vehicles and automobiles.

● There are not many options for public transportation.
● Youngstown-Warren Regional Airport is located less than 11 miles from
Brookfield. It is open 24 hours daily.
● There are buses and Comfort Care-A-Vans for elderly but they lack in availability.
Some of the elderly population may not have a way to get around town.
● Disability parking is offered at all businesses.
● A lot of people walk or ride bikes but there are few sidewalks and bike trails, so
they have to do so on the street.
● There are running trails in the community park but they are unmaintained.
● Mass Transit: The only mass transit system found near Brookfield is the
Trumbull County Transit System. Trips through this system must be reserved by
8:00am the day before the trip and no more than a week in advance.

Deficits:

● Lack of transportation for elderly and disabled residents.

● Few sidewalks and bike trails (safety hazard).
● Unmaintained running trails in park.
 Denominations:

● 45.3% of the Brookfield population is religious:

○ 19.9% Catholic
○ 11.1% “Other” Christian faith

Religion
○ 5.4% Methodist
○ 2.8% Pentecostal
○ 1.7% Baptist
○ 1.7% Lutheran
○ 1.6% Presbyterian

Places of Worship in Brookfield: 2 churches in town.

● Brookfield Methodist Church located at 6951 Grove Street (Pastor Dick

Smith).
● Mt Olive Baptist Church located at 8148 Ulpt street (Deacon Rodney
Carson).
● Both of these churches are public and open for anyone who wants to
attend.
● They are available to hold community events and services, such as the
food pantry at Brookfield Methodist Church.
● The churches also have Facebook pages that offer updates, provide
photos of members and events, and scriptures.

Deficits:

● The only two churches in the community are of Christian and Baptist
faith. The majority of religious residents are Catholic.
● Residents may have to travel outside of the community to attend church
services in a different city (that of which aligns with their faith/beliefs).
● No Parish nurses in Brookfield.
 Public and Private Facilities:

Recreation
● Brookfield Community Park is available for recreational
activities. It has a playground and baseball field.
● Brookfield Local Schools have a wide variety of sports
and extracurricular activities for students such as
football, volleyball, swimming, golf, track, cross country,
wrestling, and tennis.
● Brookfield Local Schools has a newly built track and a
playground for students.
● The center of Brookfield is sometimes used to host
festivals and outside markets.
● Truck Night at Yankee Lake: hosted on Fridays from May
to September.
● Womens Rotary Club.
● Yankee Run Golf Course: 150 acres open from March to
December.

Deficits:

● Few community-growing activities or fun events to bring

the town together.
● Lack of programs for handicapped/elderly.
 Radio/Television:

Communication
● Local news stations and channels are offered to those living in
Brookfield. Some of these include WKBN, WFMJ, and WYTV.

Newspapers and Local Info:

● News on The Green is dedicated to Brookfield Township. This

news outlet also has its own Facebook page.
● The Vindicator and Tribune Newspapers are available locally.
● Due to Brookfield being so close to the border of Pennsylvania,
some residents may turn to the Sharon Herald Newspaper for
news.

Telephones, Hotlines and Medical Media:

● 9-1-1 dispatchers are available to Brookfield residents.

● Through dialing 9-1-1, people in the community can get
assistance in crime-related situations or medical emergencies.
● Brookfield residents can also use national outlets, such as the
CDC, for updated medical information and protocol.
 Activities, PSAs, and Staying In The Know:

Communication ● Members of the community can gather in the center of Brookfield

on “The Green”. Residents can use lawn chairs in this area or walk

Cont.
around. This is one of the few places in Brookfield that has
sidewalks.
● The gazebo is also in the center of the town and can be used by
residents as place to meet.
● There is a public Brookfield, OH Facebook group page where
community members can interact with each other. It only has 458
members.

Deficits:

● Low use of Facebook community group page (maybe many

community members are not aware of it?).
● People turning to news outlets outside of the town (such as The
Sharon Herald) may obtain information that is not pertinent or
relevant to Brookfield.
 Governmental Structure, Elected Officials, and Offices:

Government ● Brookfield is governed by a three member board of trustees.

These trustees are elected in November of odd-numbered

and Leadership
years and can begin their four-year-term in January of the
following year.
● Brookfield Board of Trustees: Mark Ferrara, Dan Suttles, and
Ronald Haun.
● Brookfield Township Clerk located at 6844 Strimbu Drive.
● The Brookfield Township clerk is used as an office for
elected officials and a space for town meetings. It also holds
important town documents, records, and files.

Board of Health and Community Planning:

● A prominent community plan for Brookfield is for road and

street paving. This plan is set to run for 20 years.
● Board of Health: Brookfield uses the Trumbull County Board
of Health. This facility is located at 175 Chestnut Ave NE in
Warren, OH.
 Voting and Affiliations:

Government ●

●
Brookfield Local Schools buildings are used to vote, along with the
fire station.
The majority of Brookfield’s residents are Republican.

and Leadership
● With 5,946 registered voters, only 4,494 of them casted ballots in the
2020 election.
● In the 2020 election, 58% of voters in Brookfield voted for former

Cont.
president Donald Trump.
● Yard signs show a lot of support for former president Donald Trump,
along with flags attached to vehicles.
● Residents of Brookfield commonly promote and support trustees in
the area via yard signs and mail.

Sources of Revenue:

● As a part of Ohio, Brookfield gets revenue through charges (such as

college tuitions, tolls) and taxes.
● The combined sales tax rate in Brookfield Township is 6.75%. This
includes state, county, and city taxes.
● The local school district also receives grant money.

Deficits:

● Voting turnout (only 75% of registered voters casting a ballot in the

2020 election).
● Little information found on future community plans.
 Improvements for Brookfield:

● Promote safety by building sidewalks and bike trails.

Plan for The ●

●
Community Park Repairs: make kids and families want to go there
more.
Encourage community growth and activities to bring those who live

Community ●
in Brookfield together.
Construction of more churches that represent the wide variety of
religions in the town.
● Advertise the town and implement ways to make the town a place
people want to live and visit.
● Advertise locally-owned businesses to prevent them from being
closed.
● Resources for the Elderly and Disabled: increased access to public
transportation.
● Encourage Community Involvement: voting, attendance to events,
etc.
● More diversity.
● Increased employment opportunities and decreased unemployment
rates.
● Develop school events/requirements that will improve standardized
testing scores.
 Brookfield Local Schools. Brookfield Local Schools Home. (n.d.). Retrieved
November 12, 2022, from https://www.brookfield.k12.oh.us/

Brookfield Township Crime Rates. Niche. (n.d.). Retrieved November 22, 2022, from
https://www.niche.com/places-to-live/brookfield-township-trumbull-oh/crime-safety/

Sources
Brookfield Township Historical Marker. Historical Marker. (2018, August 10).
Retrieved November 18, 2022, from https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=121462

Brookfield voters ride the Red Wave. News On The Green. (2020, December 8).
Retrieved November 12, 2022, from
https://newsonthegreen.com/2020/12/08/brookfield-voters-ride-the-red-wave/

“Census Profile: Brookfield Township, Trumbull County, OH.” Census Reporter,

https://censusreporter.org/profiles/06000US3915509190-brookfield-township-trumbu
ll-county-oh/.

County, T. (n.d.). Trumbull County, Ohio. County Departments. Retrieved November

12, 2022, from http://www.co.trumbull.oh.us/departments

“Department Apparatus.” Brookfield, 8 Feb. 2022,

https://brookfieldtwp.org/department-apparatus/.

Economy in Brookfield Township (Trumbull Cnty), Ohio,

https://www.bestplaces.net/economy/city/ohio/brookfield_township_(trumbull_cnty).
 Home. MotoSport. (2021, June 16). Retrieved November 23, 2022, from
http://www.trucknight.com/index.php

Jaces, B. (2020, October 12). Former archivist talks about wrong dates in Brookfield
township history. WKBN.com. Retrieved November 12, 2022, from
https://www.wkbn.com/news/local-news/former-archivist-talks-about-wrong-dates-in-broo
kfield-township-history/#:~:text=A%20copy%20of%20the%20document,14%2C%201799.

Sources Cont. Jamieson, G., Jamieson, D., & Jamieson, D. (2022, September). September 25th 2022.
personal.

Local weather forecast, news and Conditions. Weather Underground. (n.d.). Retrieved
November 23, 2022, from
http://www.wunderground.com/weather-forecast/US/OH/Brookfield.html

Religion in Brookfield Township (Trumbull Cnty), Ohio. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.bestplaces.net/religion/city/ohio/brookfield_township_(trumbull_cnty)

Township timeline - brookfieldohiohistory. Google Sites: Sign-in. (n.d.). Retrieved

November 18, 2022, from
https://sites.google.com/site/brookfieldohiohistory/township-timeline

Trumbull County Combined Health District, http://www.tcchd.org/.

Trumbull County, OH. Data USA. (n.d.). Retrieved November 23, 2022, from
https://datausa.io/profile/geo/trumbull-county-oh/

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2022, from https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/trumbullcountyohio