KEYNOTE 2

GUIDELINES FOR THE PROVISION OF

TWO WHEELERS FACILITIES IN MALAYSIA

Ir. RAZHIAH BINTI WAHAB

Director of Geometric & Traffic Engineering
Roads & Bridge Engineering Specialists
Road Branch, Public Works Department Malaysia

M I R O S & P I A R C I N T E R N AT I O N A L S E M I N A R

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B E R J AYA T I M E S S Q UA R E H OT E L , 2 3 - 2 5 A P R I L 2 0 1 9
GUIDELINES FOR THE PROVISION OF
TWO WHEELERS FACILITIES IN MALAYSIA
Ir Razhiah binti Wahab
Director of Geometric & Traffic Engineering
Roads & Bridge Engineering Specialists
Roads Branch, Public Works Department of Malaysia

Mohd Syukri bin Md Hanafiah

Senior Civil Engineer
Road Design Unit, Roads & Bridge Engineering Specialists
Roads Branch, Public Works Department of Malaysia

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CONTENTS OF PRESENTATION

➢ Overview of Motorcycle Scenario in Malaysia

➢ History of Guidelines on Two Wheelers Facilities
➢ JKR Guidelines on Two Wheelers Facilities
• NTJ 33/2015 Guidelines For Motorcycle Facilities

• ATJ 35/2018 Geometric Guideline For Exclusive Motorcycle

• ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018) A Guide On The Design of Cycle Track

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Overview of Motorcycle Scenario in Malaysia
• Vehicle registration

45.8%
Source: 2017 Road Traffic Volume Malaysia

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Overview of Motorcycle Scenario in Malaysia
• Vehicle composition (JKR Annual National Traffic Census)

Source: 2017 Road Traffic Volume Malaysia

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Overview of Motorcycle Scenario in Malaysia
• Accident Data
ROAD ACCIDENTS FATALITIES IN MALAYSIA (2008-2017)

2017:
Motorcyclists
64.5%

Source: Statistical Report Road Accidents Malaysia, RTD 2018

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Overview of Motorcycle Scenario in Malaysia
• Motorcycle lane length - JKR Federal Road

7
Overview of Motorcycle Scenario in Malaysia

Source: JKR Statistik Jalan Edisi 2018

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Overview of Motorcycle Scenario in Malaysia
• Motorcycle lane length - Tolled Highway (exclusive motorcycle lane)

Source: JKR Statistik Jalan Edisi 2018

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History of Guidelines on Two Wheelers
Facilities

ATJ 10/86 A Guide on The Design of Cycle Track

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ATJ 10/86 A Guide on The Design of Cycle Track

Purpose of Guidelines:
• Help designer decide the minimum value of design criteria to be
used when designing cycle tracks (bicycle and motorcycle).

• A very simple guideline

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JKR Guidelines on Two Wheelers Facilities
1. NTJ 33/2015 Guidelines for Motorcycle Facilities
2. ATJ 35/2018 Geometric Guideline for Exclusive Motorcycle Lane
3. ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018) A Guide on The Design of Cycle Track*
* final editing stage

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NTJ 33/2015 Guidelines for Motorcycle Facilities
• Scope of Document

NO. TOPIC
1. INTRODUCTION
2. WARRANTS FOR MOTORCYCLE FACILITIES
3. EXCLUSIVE MOTORCYCLE LANE
4. NON-EXCLUSIVE MOTORCYCLE LANE
5. TREATMENT OF NON-EXCLUSIVE MOTORCYCLE LANE AT POINTS OF CONFLICT
6. MOTORCYCLE SHELTER
7. ROAD LIGHTING
8. TRAFFIC BARRIER
9. TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT PLAN AT MOTORCYCLE LANE FOR MAINTENANCE AND
CONSTRUCTION WORKS

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NTJ 33/2015
• Introduction
• The objective is to provide engineering practitioners with better understanding
of motorcyclists’ safety needs and incorporate the needs in the upgrading and
maintenance of existing roads and the planning, design and construction of new
roads.
• Design consideration for motorcycle facilities:
• Understanding motorcyclists behavior, average height and built
• Historical motorcycle accident data
• Motorcycles design, characteristics and capabilities
• Willingness to use the road as planned and designed
• Adopting sound engineering judgment

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NTJ 33/2015
• Warrants for Motorcycle Facilities
Type of Roads
Numerical Warrants
Expressways Non Expressways Section of Expressways and Non Expressways

> 15,000 vehicle per day along a 2-lane

2-way road • For Section with Expressway Road
Conditions, Warrant for Expressways
1. Total Volume of Traffic > 15,000 vehicle per day OR
shall apply.
> 10,000 vehicle per day per lane
OR
along a multi-lane road
Percentage of • For Section with Non Expressway Road
2. > 30% of main stream traffic > 30% of main stream traffic Conditions, Warrant for Non Expressways
Motorcycles
shall apply.
Total Number of > 5 accidents per km per
3. > 5 accidents per km per year
Motorcycle Accidents year OR

4. Side Friction Scores Not Applicable < 30 friction scores • For combination of Expressway and Non
Expressways along the road, the
• Can be provided even if not fulfilling criteria 1, 2, 3 or 4 if its engineer’s experience and engineering
absence would be detrimental to the safety of motorist/other judgment is required to decide the most
Combination of 1,2,3 appropriate form of motorcycle facilities.
5. road user.
and/or 4
• Warrants if there is a high likelihood of warrants 1, 2, 3 and/or 4
being met within 5 years of design life of the project.

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 NTJ 33/2015
• Exclusive Motorcycle Lane
• The topics discussed in this chapter include motorcycle design and characteristics, capacity and
level of service (LOS) for exclusive motorcycle lane.
• Eventually, JKR published a separate guideline on exclusive motorcycle lane, namely the
ATJ35/2018 Geometric Guideline for Exclusive Motorcycle Lane. The topics as in this chapter of
NTJ, are further deliberated in the new ATJ.

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 NTJ 33/2015
• Non-Exclusive Motorcycle Lane (NEML)
• Adjacent to main carriageway
• Significantly improve safety
• Design requirement
• 2.0m lane width (max 2.5m)
• Red colour separator with road studs

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 NTJ 33/2015
• Treatment of NEML at Points of Conflict
• Potential conflict areas
• At-grade intersections
• Interchanges (normally passing through)
• Bus / taxi stop

‘Motorcycle Storage’ near LRT Bandaraya Station T-intersection

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NTJ 33/2015
• Road signs and markings (also mentioned in ATJ 35/2018)

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NTJ 33/2015
• Motorcycle Shelter
• Safer environment for motorcyclists to stop / rest especially during wet condition
• Shelter type
• Stand alone
• Under bridge / structure

• Topics covered include proposed shelter amenities, area size as well as typical layouts for both
shelter types.
• JKR is currently finalizing the standard drawing for the shelter types.

Motorcycle shelter in Jalan Kuching (north-bound)

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 NTJ 33/2015
• Road Lighting (also mentioned in ATJ 35/2018)

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NTJ 33/2015
• Road Lighting

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 NTJ 33/2015
• Traffic Barrier (also mentioned in ATJ 35/2018)
• Semi-rigid barriers with TL3 (recommended), minimum TL2
• Additional rub rail
• Special impact attenuators

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NTJ 33/2015
• Traffic Management Plan at Motorcycle Lane

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NTJ 33/2015
• Traffic Management Plan at Motorcycle Lane
• TMP should be in accordance to JKR Guideline ATJ 2C/85 (Pindaan 2017)
• Adequate number of signs
• Clear and definitive signs
• Advance warning signs (where appropriate)
• Proper delineation especially night time

Upgrading works of Motorcycle Lane at

the Federal Highway FT002

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ATJ 35/2018 Geometric Guideline for
Exclusive Motorcycle Lane
• Objective

• To assists road designers on the design criteria and approach to provide uniform
and standard design for Exclusive Motorcycle Lane (EML)

• It is imperative that being motorcycles being given special consideration and

provision of EML for the safety of the rides and pillions.

*This guideline is to be used in conjunction with other guidelines that have been or will
be produced by JKR.

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ATJ 35/2018
• Scope of Document
NO. TOPIC SUB-TOPIC
1. INTRODUCTION
2. MOTORCYCLE LANE MOTORCYCLE LANE CLASSIFICATION / HIERARCHY
CLASSIFICATION AND DESIGN DESIGN STANDARDS FOR MOTORCYCLE LANE
STANDARDS ACCESS CONTROL
SELECTION OF DESIGN STANDARDS
TOPOGRAPHY
3. DESIGN CONTROL AND CRITERIA DESIGN MOTORCYCLE CHARACTERISTICS
SPEED
CAPACITY
4. ELEMENT OF DESIGN SIGHT DISTANCE
HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT
VERTICAL ALIGNMENT
COMBINATION OF HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL ALIGNMENT

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• Scope of Document (cont’)
NO. TOPIC SUB-TOPIC
5. CROSS SECTION ELEMENTS PAVEMENT

LANE WIDTH & MARGINAL STRIPS FOR MOTORCYCLE LANE

SHOULDERS

TRAFFIC BARRIERS

UNDERPASS
6. TREATMENTS FOR SPECIAL TREATMENT OF EML APPROACHING EGRESS AND INGRESS

CONDITIONS TREATMENT OF EML APPROACHING PEDESTRIAN CROSSING

7. OTHER ELEMENTS DRAINAGE

AFFECTING GEOMETRIC LIGHTING

DESIGN UTILITIES

SIGNING AND MARKINGS

EROSION CONTROL, LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT AND ENV. IMPACTS

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ATJ 35/2018
• Introduction

•In normal road design practice, all vehicle types share the same carriageway
travelling from one destination to another.

•With the high number of motorcycles, the likelihood for fatal accident to occur
involving motorcyclists is greater.

•Separating motorcycles from other vehicles in traffic by providing motorcycle

lanes is a good engineering measure to improve the safety of motorcyclists.

•There has been no established guideline for the design of exclusive motorcycle
lanes.

•This guideline is toSAFER

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usedBY in conjunction
INFRASTRUCTURE with
DESIGN other guidelines that have been32
AND OPERATION
Exclusive Motorcycle Lane at the Federal Highway FT002

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ATJ 35/2018
• Design Application
• Exclusive motorcycle lane is proposed to be constructed at:
• New road with minimum JKR R5 standard
• Existing road which passed the warrant for construction of motorcycle lane (NTJ 33/2015)

• Provision of motorcycle lane reserve has been considered in other JKR guidelines;
• ATJ 8/86 (Pindaan 2015) A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads
• NTJ 33/2015 Guideline for Motorcycle Facilities

Source: ATJ 8/86 (Pindaan 2015)

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 Source: NTJ 33/2015

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ATJ 35/2018
• Design Criteria
• Motorcycle class : 250cc and below

• Rider’s eye height : 1.49 m

• Design speed : 50 – 90 km/h

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ATJ 35/2018
• Design Elements
• Horizontal alignment
• Superelevation rates, e (e max 8%)
• Minimum radius

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ATJ 35/2018
• Design Elements
• Vertical alignment
• K values

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ATJ 35/2018
• Cross Section Elements
• Pavement structure
• Flexible pavement (advisable)
• Rigid pavement

Flexible pavement Rigid pavement

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ATJ 35/2018
• Cross Section Elements
• Typical cross section – with shelter area

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ATJ 35/2018
• Cross Section Elements
• Typical cross section – without shelter area

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ATJ 35/2018
• Treatments for Special Conditions
• Egress & Ingress

Egress

Ingress

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ATJ 35/2018
• Other Elements
• Drainage – flat terrain

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 ATJ 35/2018
• Other Elements
•

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018) A Guide on
The Design of Cycle Track
• Scope of Document
NO. TOPIC
1. INTRODUCTION
2. GENERAL CONSIDERATION
3. PLANNING FOR CYCLE TRACK
4. ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
5. JUNCTION AND CROSSING
6. DRAINAGE
7. TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICE AND FACILITIES
8. MAINTENANCE AND MANAGEMENT
9. OTHER REQUIREMENTS

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• Introduction
•Cycle tracks - Paths, trails, lanes and routes, cycle crossings and intersections,
overpass and other related facilities which serve non-motorized two-wheelers.
•Two types of cycle track:
• Non-exclusive (on carriageway)
• Exclusive (off carriageway)
•The objective is to provide designers with proper cycle tracks design
consideration and criteria which incorporates safety aspects.

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• General Consideration
• Convenient
• Accessible
• Safe
• Comfortable
• Attractive

• Design of cycle tracks should consider categories of cyclists and their

characteristics

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• General Consideration

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• Planning for Cycle Track
• Route location
• Demand for cyclists (existing or potential)
• Integrated with transport and land use planning
• Consideration of Provision (either on @ off carriageway)
• Traffic reduction
• Speed reduction
• Traffic management
• Redistribution of carriageway lanes
• Segregation of cycle tracks from main carriageway
• Conversion of footways to unsegregated shared use cycle track

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• Elements of
Design
• Design speed : 30 – 50 km/h
• Minimum radius :

• Superelevation rates, e (e max 3%)

• Desirable vertical grades : 5% (max 10%)

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• Cross Section Elements
• Lane width

• Crossfall : 2.5%
• Pavement structure
• Flexible pavement (advisable)
• Rigid pavement

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• Bicycle Path at Bus Stop

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• Junction and Crossing
• Specific routes provided to minimize conflicts

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 Cycle track along Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• Road Marking
• Painted word: LALUAN BASIKAL
• Symbol:

Cycle track near LRT Bandaraya station

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• Traffic Signs and Signals

Example of traffic signal

Cycle track in residential area (Taman Melawati, Ampang Jaya)

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• Cycle Parking

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ATJ 10/86 (Pindaan 2018)
• Cycle Parking

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 CONCLUSIONS
• There are guidelines available in Malaysia for two wheelers facilities
• The 3 guidelines will help designers in designing facilities for two
wheelers:
• Motorcyles
• Bicycles

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