GOOD AFTERNOON,

GRADE 9!

JESSA MAE B. LOTIVIO

PRE-SERVICE TEACHER – MATH 9
 Pass the Ball!
Mechanics:
1. I’ll show you different figures and try to observe which
among the figure is not belong to the group and justify your
answer.
2. The ball that will be provided will pass it on until the music
stops.
3. The student who holds the ball when the music stops will be
the one to answer.
Which among the figure is not belong to the group?
Justify your answer.
TRAPEZOID
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, at least 75% of the
students must be able to:

A. Define trapezoid, isosceles trapezoid,

and its parts.
B. Give the different theorems on
trapezoids.

C. Independently perform proving theorems

on trapezoids.
TRAPEZOID – is a quadrilateral with exactly
one pair of parallel sides
Parts of a Trapezoid
Bases - are two parallel sides.

These are the two parallel sides: 𝐴𝐵 // 𝐷𝐶

Legs - are two non-parallel sides.

These are the two non-parallel sides: 𝐴𝐷 ∦ 𝐵𝐶

Median – is a segment joining the
midpoint of the legs.

𝐿𝑀 is the median of a trapezoid.

Base Angles – are consecutive
angles whose common side is a base of the
trapezoid.
When do we consider a trapezoid to be an isosceles?

Isosceles trapezoid - is a trapezoid with congruent legs.

𝐴𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵𝐶 are congruent. 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐵𝐶

TRAPEZOID THEOREMS
THEOREM 1:

The median of a trapezoid is parallel to the

bases and the length of which is equal to half
the sum of the lengths of the bases.

𝑏1 + 𝑏2
𝑋=
2
Given: Trapezoid MINS with median 𝑇𝑅

Prove: 𝑇𝑅 ∥ 𝐼𝑁 ; 𝑇𝑅 ∥ 𝑀𝑆
1
𝑇𝑅 = (𝑀𝑆 + 𝐼𝑁)
2
Proof:
Statement Reason
1. Trapezoid MINS with median 𝑇𝑅 1. Given
ഥ with P as its midpoint
2. Draw 𝐼𝑆, 2. Line Postulate
1
3. 𝑇𝑅 = 2 𝑀𝑆 and 3. Midline Theorem on triangle INS
𝑇𝑃 ∥ 𝑀𝑆
1
4. 𝑃𝑅 = 𝐼𝑁 & 𝑃𝑅 ∥ 𝐼𝑁 4. Theorem 5 (midline theorem) on
2
triangle INS
5. 𝑀𝑆 ∥ 𝐼𝑁 5. Definition of Trapezoid
6. 𝑇𝑃 ∥ 𝐼𝑁 6. Definition of parallel
𝑇𝑃 ∥ 𝑀𝑆
𝑀𝑆 ∥ 𝐼𝑁
7. TP and PR are both parallel to TP ∥ IN. 7. TP and PR are either parallel on
Thus, T, P, and R are collinear. the same line (definition of parallel)
8. TR=TP+PR 8. Segment Addition Postulate
1 1 9. Substitution
9. 𝑇𝑅 = 𝑀𝑆 + 𝐼𝑁
2 2
10. 10. Distributive Property of Equality
1
𝑇𝑅 = (𝑀𝑆 + 𝐼𝑁)
2
Example:
Given PART is a trapezoid and XY is the median. Answer the
following questions.

1. PT=_____, XY=11, AR=7

2. PT=25, XY=_____, AR=13
3. PT=21, XY=13, AR=_____
1. PT=_____, XY=11, AR=7
𝑃𝑇+𝐴𝑅
Formula : 𝑋𝑌 =
2
𝑃𝑇+𝐴𝑅
𝑋𝑌 =
2
𝑃𝑇+7
11 = 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
2
22 = 𝑃𝑇 + 7 (Subtraction property of
equality)
𝑃𝑇 = 22 − 7
𝑃𝑇 = 15
 𝑃𝑇+𝐴𝑅
Formula : 𝑋𝑌 =
2

2. PT=25, XY=_____, AR=13

25 + 13
𝑋𝑌 =
2
38
𝑋𝑌 =
2
𝑋𝑌 = 19

3. PT=21, XY=13, AR=_____

21 + 𝐴𝑅
13 =
2

26 = 21 + 𝐴𝑅
𝐴𝑅 = 26 − 21
𝐴𝑅 = 5
THEOREM 2:

The base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are

congruent.
Given: ABCD is an isosceles trapezoid. AD≅BC and AB ∥
CD.

Prove: ∠C≅∠D and ∠A≅∠B

Proof:
Statement Reason
1. ABCD is a trapezoid. 1. Given
2. 𝐴𝐵 ∥ 𝐶𝐷 2. Given
3. 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐵𝐶 3. Given
4. 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐶𝐸 4. By construction
5. ADCE is a parallelogram 5. By properties of parallelogram
6. 𝐷𝐴 ≅ 𝐶𝐸 and 𝐷𝐶 ≅ 𝐴𝐸 6. By ptoperties of parallelogram
7. 𝐶𝐸 ≅ 𝐵𝐶 7. 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐵𝐶 and 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐶𝐸 (transitive
property)
8. ∠𝐶𝐸𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐶𝐵𝐸 8. If 𝐶𝐸 ≅ 𝐵𝐶 then angles opposite to them
are congruent.
9. ∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 9. Property of parallelogram and linear pair
angles.
10. 𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝐷 = 180° 10. Interior angles on the same side of the
𝑚∠𝐵 + 𝑚∠𝐶 = 180° transversal are supplementary.
11. 𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝐷 = 𝑚∠𝐵 + 𝑚∠𝐶 11. Transitivity (Right sides are same so
left sides are equal)
12. ∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶 12. From #9 above (∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐵
Example:
Given PART is a trapezoid.

a. Find the measure of ∠𝑅

b. If 𝑚∠𝐴 = 𝑥 − 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝑃 = 78 , solve for x.
Example:
b. If 𝑚∠𝐴 = 𝑥 − 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝑃 = 78 , solve for x.
Solution:
𝑚∠𝐴 = 𝑚∠𝑃
𝑥 − 2 = 78
𝑥 = 78 + 2
𝑥 = 80

To check:
𝑚∠𝐴 = 𝑥 − 2
𝑚∠𝐴 = 80 − 2
𝑚∠𝐴 = 78
𝑚∠𝐴 = 𝑥 − 2
THEOREM 3:

Opposite angles of an isosceles trapezoid are

supplementary.

∠𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐴 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦

∠𝑁 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐿 are supplementary
Given: ABCD is an isosceles trapezoid.

Prove: ∠𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐶 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦 And ∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐷 𝑎𝑟𝑒

𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟y
Proof:
Statements Reasons
1. Isosceles trapezoid ABCD 1. Given
2. ∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐴 2. Base angles of an isosceles
∠𝐵 ≈ ∠𝐶 trapezoid are congruent.
3. 𝐴𝐷 ∥ 𝐵𝐶 3. Bases of a trapezoid are
parallel.
4. ∠𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐶 4. If 2 ∥ lines are cut by a
𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦 transversal, the interior ∠𝑠 on the
and ∠𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐵 same side of transversal are
𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦 supplementary.

5. ∠𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐶 5. Substitution.
𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦
and ∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠𝐷
𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑦
Example:
Given CLAN is an isosceles trapezoid. Answer the following
questions.

Find the measures:

a. 𝑚∠𝐴
b. 𝑚∠𝐿
Example:
Solution:
a. 𝑚∠𝐴
115° + 𝑚∠𝐴 = 180°
𝑚∠𝐴 = 180° − 115°
𝑚∠𝐴 = 65°
b. 𝑚∠𝐿
65° + 𝑚∠𝐿 = 180°
𝑚∠𝐿 = 180° − 65°
𝑚∠𝐿 = 115°
THEOREM 4:

The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid are

congruent.

𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐵𝐷
Given: Isosceles Trapezoid ABCD

Prove: 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐵𝐷
Proof:
Statement Reasons
1. Isosceles Trapezoid ABCD 1. Given
2. ∠𝐷𝐴𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐶𝐵𝐴 2. Base angles of an isosceles
trapezoid are congruent.
3. 𝐴𝐵 ∥ 𝐶𝐷 3. Bases of a trapezoid are parallel.

4. 𝐴𝐷 ≅ 𝐵𝐶 4. An isosceles trapezoid has

congruent legs.
5. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐵 5. Reflexive property
6. ∆𝐷𝐴𝐵 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐵𝐴 6. SAS postulate: If two sides and the
included angle of one triangle are
congruent to the corresponding parts
of another triangle, then the triangles
are congruent.

7. 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐵𝐷 7. CPCTC: Corresponding parts of

congruent triangles are congruent
Example:
Given ABCD is an isosceles trapezoid.

If DB=7.8cm, find CA

therefore CA=7.8cm
ACTIVITY TIME!
ACTIVITY RUBRICS:
Criteria Score

Correctness of the answer 50%

Timeliness 15%

Cleanliness of the work 10%

Cooperation 10%

Presentation 15%

TOTAL 100%
ACTIVITY!
A. Given is a trapezoid ABCD. Identify the following.

_____1. Legs
_____ 2. Bases
_____ 3. Lower Base Angles
_____ 4. Upper Base Angles
_____ 5. Median
ACTIVITY!
Using the same figure.

6. If BA=10 cm, then BE=__ and CD=____

7. If CF=7.5 cm, then DF=___ and CD=___

8. If BC=20 cm, AD=30 cm, then EF=___

“TELL ME WHO AM I/WHO
WE ARE”
I am a quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides.

I AM A TRAPEZOID
I am a trapezoid whose non-parallel sides are
congruent.

I AM AN ISOSCELES TRAPEZOID
We are called as non-parallel sides of an isosceles
trapezoid.

WE ARE THE LEGS

We are called the parallel sides of an isosceles
trapezoid.

WE ARE THE BASES

QUIZ!!!
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter that best describe in the following.
1. A quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides.
a.Trapezoid
b.Isosceles trapezoid
c. Median of a trapezoid

2. A trapezoid whose non-parallel sides are congruent.

a. Trapezoid
b. Isosceles trapezoid
c. Median of a trapezoid

3. The following are part of a trapezoid, except?

a. Base
b. Median
c. Isosceles
IDENTIFICATION
4-7. Give the different theorems on trapezoids.

For items 8-10. Given is Isosceles Trapezoid WARM with diagonals WR and
AM that intersect at E.
WM= 17 cm, WR=21 cm, AE=6 cm,
and 𝑚∠𝑊𝑀𝑅 = 52°
Find the following:
8. AR
9. AM
10. ∠𝑊𝐴𝑅
 ASSIGNMENT:

A. Given at the right is isosceles

trapezoid ABCD.
BD=7x and CA=2X+5 cm. Find
1. the value of x
2. BD
3. CA

B. Study kite and its theorem.

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the letter that best describes in the following.
1. A quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides.
a.Trapezoid
b.Isosceles trapezoid
c. Median of a trapezoid

2. A trapezoid whose non-parallel sides are congruent.

a. Trapezoid
b. Isosceles trapezoid
c. Median of a trapezoid

3. The following are part of a trapezoid, except?

a. Base
b. Median
c. Isosceles
IDENTIFICATION
4-7. Give the different theorems on trapezoids.
4. Theorem 1: The median of a trapezoid is parallel to the bases, the length of which is equal to half the sum of the
lengths of the bases.
5. Theorem 2. The base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent.
6. Theorem 3. Opposite angles of an isosceles trapezoid are supplementary.
7. The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent.
For items 8-10. Given is Isosceles Trapezoid WARM with diagonals WR and AM that intersect at E.
WM= 17 cm, WR=21 cm, AE=6 cm,
and 𝑚∠𝑊𝑀𝑅 = 52°
Find the following:
8. AR = 17 cm
9. AM = 21 cm
10. ∠𝑊𝐴𝑅 = 𝟏𝟐𝟖°