THE HISTORY OF

INSTRUMENTAL
MUSIC
Balbastro, Mathew Dominic M..
BASID - 2201
 What is Instrumental
Music?
It is a musical composition without lyrics, or
singing, but may include some inarticulate vocals.
It can mimic the sound of nature so well that they
can effectively stir the deepest of human
emotion.
PERIODS OF INSTRUMENTAL
MUSIC
MEDIEVAL
RENAISSANCE
BAROQUE
CLASSICAL
ROMANTIC
MODERN
 MEDIEVAL MUSIC
(1150- 1400)
INSTRUMENTS WERE USED TO ACCOMPANY VOCAL
LINES OR TO IMPROVISE INSTRUMENTAL DANCES.

Harmony and tonality were not functional during

this period. MONOPHONIC TEXTURE was
predominantly used during the first period of era.
POLYPHONIC TEXTURE began to be used in the
middle to late medieval period.
 MEDIEVAL MUSIC
Characteristics
Secular music with notated manuscripts
showing connections with the church;
organum indicated the beginnings of
harmony.

Type of Music
Gregorian Chant and Plainsong which are monodic or written as
one musical line. Gregorian chants, a monophonic vocal line sung
by monks, as well as choral music for a group of singers.
 Renaissance Music (1400-1600)
INFLUENCE. MEMBERS OF THE COURTS WERE
BEGINNING THE CHURCH WAS STARTING TO LOSE SOME OF
ITS THE KINGS, TO PRINCES AND OTHER PROMINENT HAVE
AN IMPACT ON THE DIRECTION OF MUSIC. MUSIC WAS
PERFORMED BY VOCAL GROUPS (ENSEMBLES OF ONE TO
EIGHT PARTS) MUSIC INCLUDED ENSEMBLES AND SOLOS.
RHYTHM BEGAN TO INCREASE IN COMPLEXITY AND
MELODIC RANGE INCREASED RENAISSANCE COMPOSERS
SOUGHT TO BLEND THE SOUND OF VOICES AND
INSTRUMENTS AND PLEASING HARMONIES WERE SOUGHT.
 Renaissance Popular Music
Forms

During composers took the

Renaissance, known musical forms
from music and secularized them.
church There are four forms of
music that evolves during the
Renaissance, the Cantus Firmus,
Chorale, French Chanson and
Madrigal.
 Baroque Music (1600-1750)
THAT WAS USED TO DESCRIBE THE MUSIC
STYLES OF THE 1600S TO THE ITALIAN
WORD "BAROCCO" WHICH MEANS BIZARRE.
THIS WORD THE WORD BAROQUE 1700S
COMES FROM WAS FIRST USED TO
DESCRIBED THE STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE
MAINLY IN ITALY DURING 17TH AND 18TH
CENTURY. IN THIS PERIOD, TONALITY WAS
DIVIDED INTO MAJOR AND MINOR. OF
MUSIC IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWS THE
RENAISSANCE THIS PERIOD SAW THE
DEVELOPMENT OF OPERA AND
INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC. THIS STYLE STYLE
OF MUSIC AND IS A PRECURSOR OF THE
CLASSICAL STYLE OF MUSIC.
 Baroque Instruments

Carrying the song where group, which

consisted of a basso a chordUsually
continuo playing or flute instrumentalist
like a harpsichord and bass-type
instruments carrying the bassline, like a
cello or double bass. A characteristic of
baroque form was the dance suite which
were designed for listening, not for
accompanying dancers.
 Classical Music (1750-1830)
THE CLASSICAL ERA IS THE ERA WHERE THE MOST
INFLUENTIAL PERSONALITIES OF CLASSICAL MUSIC
EMERGED. IN THIS PERIOD A NEW FORM OF MUSIC WHICH
IS HIGHLY REFINED, SIMPLE IN MELODIC TEXT AND
HARMONIC STRUCTURE AND COORDINATED BY
SYMMETRICAL FORM DEVELOPED.
 Classical Music
Characteristics
Sonata form: development of modern
concerto,symphony trio and quartet; obsession
with structural clarity.
 Romantic Period (1820-1900)
THE ROMANTIC ERA IS CHARACTERIZED BY CHAMBER MUSIC
ENSEMBLES, LARGE SYMPHONY ORCHESTRAS, OPERA COMPANIES
AND PIANO AS PERFORMING MEDIUMS. THE ROMANTIC ERA OF
MUSIC IS EXPRESSIVE, DRAMATIC, AND ORCHESTRAL WITH RHYTHMIC
COMPLEXITY AND RAGING TEMPOS. GENRES: CONCERTOS, OPERAS,
SONATAS, AND SYMPHONIES.

NEW AND COMPOUND HARMONIES EMERGED: ETUDE, NOCTURNE

AND WALTZ. ROMANTIC ERA

COMPOSERS: WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART, LUDWIG VAN

BEETHOVEN, FRANZ JOSEF HAYDEN
 ROMANTIC PERIOD
EARLY ROMANTIC (1830-1860)
CHARACTERISTICS - GOLDEN AGE OF VIRTUOSO: BALANCE OF
EXPRESSIVE AND FORMAL MUSIC

LEADING COMPOSERS - BERLOIZ, CHOPIN, MENDELSSOHN,

SCHUMANN, LISZT AND VERDI

LATE ROMANTIC (1860-1920)

CHARACTERISTICS - COMPOSITION IN TERMS OF EMOTIONAL
CONTENT AND DRAMATIC CONTINUITY LEADING OPERATIC

COMPOSERS SUPREMACY - HIGHLIGHTED BY THE OF VERDI AND

WAGNER
MODERN MUSIC (1900-PRESENT)
“AGE OF MUSICAL DIVERSITY”
COMPOSERS HAD MORE CREATIVE FREEDOM

NO SINGLE STYLE OF MUSIC DOMINATES, AND

COMPOSERS RANGED FROM THE RELATIVELY
TRADITIONAL TO THE MOST MODERN. THEY ALSO TOOK
ADVANTAGE OF THE RESOURCES AND TECHNOLOGY
THAT WERE AVAILABLE TO THEM. AND ANDREW LLOYD
WEBBER WHO NOT ONLY PROPELLED THE MAY ALSO BE
CONSIDERED THE GRANDFATHERS OF AMERICAN LIKE
GEORGE GERSHWIN CLASSIC STRUCTURE BUT POP
MUSIC.
MODERN MUSIC
Characteristics
Diverse styles
Composers
Debussy, Ravel,
Schoenberg, and Cage

MUSIC FORMS AND STYLES

 12-TONE SYSTEM

It is credited to Arnold Schoenberg. He

developed a technique called 12-tone
system wherein all the 12 notes of the octave
are of equal importance. The 12 notes are
placed in a specific order called a "tone-row"
or "tone-series," and no note is repeated
anxious within a row. This evoked music that
felt and unresolved.
 CONCERT MUSIC
Many composers combined jazz music with
elements other music styles such as classical and
blues. Music during this time also spoke of
nationalistic fervor. Some of the composers whose
works were greatly appreciated were George
Gershwin (Rhapsody in Blue), Aaron Copland
(Rodeo) and Dmitry Shostakovich (The Golden Age).
 ELECTRONIC MUSIC
Composers of electronic music
experimented with technology and
how it affects certain aspects of
music such as melody and rhythm.
 IMPRESSIONISTIC
In music, it is applied to works of early 20th
century composers such as Debussy. Debussy
rejected the rules of tonality music that is
pleasing and created to the ears as
impressionist paintings are appealing to the
eyes. This resulted in music that was relaxed
and almost dreamlike.
 JAZZ
It can be traced back to earlier
African-American music styles.
It is particularly remarkable for
its improvisation, harmonic
progressions, and modified
rhythms.
 MINIMALISM
It is the which was simple type of music and
contained patterns that were repeated
reinforced by and a steady are the Reich and
beat. music Philip Examples of Steve Glass.
 NEW ROMANTICISM
A desired music that was expressive, haunting,
and mysterious, much like the music of the
past. Composers who used this technique were
George Crumb and among (Ancient Voices of
Children) Gyorgy Ligeti (Lux Aeterna), others
 NEOCLASSICAL
It is a concept applied to the music of early 20th century
composers like Stravinsky which reflects the 18th-century
music. Stravinsky's works, particularly after the highly
acclaimed The Rite of Spring, did not emphasize tonality
but felt restrained. Stravinsky was discovered by Sergei
Diaghilev, the producer of the Ballet Rouse. His earlier
works reflected influences from Debussy's dissonance and
irregular rhythmic patterns.
 SERIALISM
It was based on Schoenberg's 12-tone system, which
was continued by his student Anton von Webern.
Serialism was evident in the music of the 1950s and
1960s but appreciation was limited to university
professors and their students. Serialism used a strict
musical formula that was difficult to play. Composers
who used this technique were Milton Babbitt and
Pierre Boulez, to name a few.