MULTIMEDIA ey UNIVERSITY eStUDENE Ne LTT TTT T TI MULTIMEDIA UNIVERSITY R EXAMINATION, SESSION 2003/04 EEN1046 —- ELECTRONICS IT. (LE, EE, CE, ME, TE, MCE, OPT) 5 April 2004 2:30 p.m. ~ 4:30 p.m. (2 Hours) INSTRUCTION TO STUDE 1. This Question paper consists of 9 pages including cover page with 6 Questions only. 2. Attempt FOUR out of SIX questions. All questions carry equal marks and the distribution of the marks for each question is given. 3. Please print all your answers in the answer Booklet provided.ENE ELECTRONICS tt apit 2004 Question 1 {@) State the characteristics of an ideal operational amplifier (op-amp), __[5 marks] (b) The op-amp circuit in Fig. Q1-1 has Ry = 100 kQ and C= 10 nF. (i) Sketch and label the voltage waveforms of V; and V, for two cycles if Vj, = 5 sin 2n100t V. [3 marks) (ii) At low frequencies, the reactance of Cr is very high and the circuit may become unstable. Show how a resistor may be added so that the op-amp will not saturate or oscillate at low frequencies. [1 mark] iii) Describe how the function of the compensated op-amp circuit in part (b)(ii) changes with respect to frequency. [2 marks] Ce Ri vi Vo Fig. QI-1 (©) The op-amp in Fig. Q1-2 is ideal. Find V., V. and V,. [6 marks] Ri =40kQ Vo = Ry=20kQ Rs Fig. Q1-2 ContinueENING ELECTRONICS 1 S.Apri.z008 (@ The comparator in Fig. QI-3 accepts the ramp signal shown in Fig. QI-4 and generates a square wave at its output. Given Vec = 12 V, ) Find the largest values of R; and Ro to produce a square wave with duty cycle of 25% if the largest available resistor value is 50 kQ. {6 marks] ii) Sketch and label the output voltage waveform in part (4)(i) in relation to the input waveform. Assume that the op-amp is ideal. [2 marks} +V¥ec Input ramp signal, Vin T=10ms Fig. Ql-4 ContinueENDS ELECTRONICS I) 5 Apri 2008 Question 2 (a) Deseribe the five properties of the frequency response of low-pass Butterworth filters. {5 marks] (b) Give three advantages and three disadvantages of active filters comparing with passive filters. [3 marks] (©) Design the Sallen-key high-pass filter shown in Fig. Q2-1 below to implement an equal-valued second-order Butterworth response with a critical frequency of approximately upper audio frequency. Assume that Ra = Rg = R2= 2.2 kQ. [7 marks} Fig. Q2-1 (@ Determine the center frequency, maximum gain and bandwidth for the filter shown in Fig, Q2-2 below. The given parameter values ate as below: Ry =4.7KQ, Rp = 10 KO, Ry = 2.2 KQ, Cy = 0.01 pF, Co = 0.01 wF. [10 marks] Cc L F Ro ContinueELECTRON 12004 Question 3 The LM101A operational amplifier has the following electrical characteristics. Parameter ~ [Conditions Min [Typ [Max [Unit Input offset voltage T,= 25°C, Rg = 50KD 0.7 [2.0 [mv Input offset current T= 25°C ae |e 10 [nA Input bias current Ta = 25°C 75 [nA | ‘Average input offfet voltage drift_| R,= SOKO 15_[avec ‘Average input offset current drift [25°C = Ty = Tyax 0.1 [marc eoueeaeecaa Tunis TS 25°C 02 [nArC ‘Output voltage swing Vs=#15V [R,= 10K #4 |v HEHE __[R.=2KQ | #13_|V Common-mode rejection ratio | Ry = 50k 80 3B Supply voltage rejection ratio | Rs S 50k 80 Slew rate Vins Gain Bandwidth Product (GBP) ME Tum = -55°C, Tax = +125°C (a) With the typical values given in the above table, find the inverting input bias current (Ini) and the non-inverting input bias current (Ia2) of an LMIO1A if Iai > Ina [5 marks] (b) Based on the input bias currents calculated in part (a), calculate the required value ‘of Rx of the inverting amplifier circuit as shown in Fig. Q3 to compensate the effect of the input bias currents which offsets the output voltage. [5 marks} (© With the typical values given in the above table, find the worst-case total output voltage V, of the circuit in Fig. Q3 if the DC input voltage Vj = 10 mV and the ambient temperature is 50 °C. Assume using optimum Rx value. [9 marks] (d) Determine the bandwidth of the circuit shown in Fig. Q3. [3 marks} (@) Draw a non-inverting operational amplifier circuit that uses a resistor to compensate the effect of input bias currents which offsets the output voltage {3 marks] Rr Ry LMi01 + ContinueEENIOW ELECTRONICS 11 5 April 2004 (a) The adjustable voltage regulator IC LM317 has an intemal reference voltage of 1.25 V. Determine the regulated voltage in the circuit of Fig. Q4-1 with Ry = 300 Q and Ry = 2.5 kQ. Assume Iyg)= 100 WA. [6 marks} vin Vout LM317 Fig. Q4-1 (©) A series feedback regulator with a regulated output voltage of 10 V and a rated load current of 0.8 A is to be design using the circuit as in Fig. Q4-2. The unregulated power supply has a voltage Vs = 16 + 3 V. Transistor Qy has a maximum collector current loins) rating of 1-5 A and a minimum DC current gain Iirevemin) Of 120. Transistor Qo has an Icimay) rating of 80mA and an heen Of 400. The 5.6V Zener diode requires minimum operating current of 10 mA. Caloulate the required values of R, Ri, Ro, and Rs, given that, during the zener diode operating at the minimum operating current, half of the Zener current must come from R and only 1% of the current from Rj goes to the base of transistor Qo. ‘Assume that the base-to-emitter forward voltage Veeqwa) = 0.7 V. [19 marks] Q, R Ri + Unregulated 7 power supply L R, Fig. Q4-2 ContinuedEELS ELECTRONICS 1 12008 (a) (What is the loop gain condition for a sinusoidal oscillator to be able to oscillate? {1 mark] Gi) What is the loop gain condition for a sinusoidal oscillator to sustain its oscillation? {1 mark} (b) A sinusoidal oscillator has an inverting amplifier and a reactive feedback network. Determine the oscillation frequency and the required amplifier gain to sustain its oscillation if the gain of the amplifier is —4 and the feedback factor of the 1 3-6x10%@ + jGx10'@? ~6x108@) positive real number and a is the angular frequency. [6 marks} feedback network is = + where 4 is a (©) A Wein-bridge oscillator is shown as in Fig. Q5 (i) Derive the feedback factor, A = vy/ v, in the form of a\/(a2 + jas), where a1, a2 and a; are functions of R and C. [5 marks} (i) if the oscillation frequency is 10 kHz and C = 1 nF, find the value of R. [3 marks] (ii) If Ry = 10 kG and Ry = 0.9, find the value of Rj to sustain the oscillation [3 marks} (iv) If Ri = 10 kQ and the amplitude of v, is 5 V. find the values of R; and Rs to sustain the oscillation. Assume that the forward voltage of the diodes is 0.7V. [6 marks] Continue Spereee eeereeett arFEN ELECTRONICS 5 aveil 2008, Question 6 (a) What function does the diode or transistor perform in the feedback of a log amplifier? [4 marks] (b) For the antilog amplifier shown in Fig. Q6-1, find the output voltage. Assume that the emitter-to-base reverse saturation current Izy = 40 nA. [5 marks] v Re=68kQ 175.1 mV \ seca egeeaaeesaeeneaae Fig. Q6-1 (©) For a positive peak detector shown in Fig. Q6-2, sketch its output waveform for a given input signal as shown in Fig. Q6-3. [4marks] vi + Fig, Q6-2 Fig. Q6-3, Continuedag ELECTRONICS i 12008 (@) Proof that the circuit in Fig. Q6-4 is able to perform full-wave rectification if R2=2R1 [12 marks] R Ry Fig. Q6-4 End of Paper