Basic Facts About Nail
Squoval nail- As the oval shape is followed by squaring off
Nails are a specialized form of skin; Nail is a plate of
keratin that lies on the tips of the fingers and toes. The main
purpose of nails is to serve as ‘a layer of protection’ for our
fingers and toes.
We use our hands for all intents and purposes and
nails probably for little things, scratching, and many other
things. But while dealing with nails, hands, and toes we don’t
give them the suitable consideration they need. Unhygienic
nails can not only prompt numerous diseases but also can
eventually deliver germs and bacteria to our mouth without
even paying attention to it.
Diagram of the Nail and its Structure
OVAL
Structures of the Nail
The nail consists of three parts: nail body, nail root
and free edge
Nail Body or Nail Plate - a visible portion of the nail that is
attached to the nail bed.
Nail root - the beginning of nail found at the base and is
embedded underneath the skin.
Free edge - end portion of the nail plate which extends beyond
the fingertip. It is shaped during manicure.
Structures Beneath the Nail
The structures beneath the nail include the nail bed,
matrix, and lunula.
Nail Bed – the skin upon which the nail body or nail plate rests.
It is supplied with many blood vessels and nerves. The blood
vessels supply nourishment for the nail.
Matrix – part of the nail bed which contains nerves and blood
vessels and is located beneath the nail root. It produces cells
that generate and harden the nail and will continue to grow as
long as it receives nutrition and remains in a healthy condition.
Lunula – half-moon shape found at the base of the nail where
the matrix connects with the nail bed.
Structures Surrounding the Nail
The structures surrounding the nail include the cuticle,
eponychium, hyponychium, perionychium, nail walls, and nail
grooves
Cuticle - the overlapping skin around the nail. A normal cuticle
should be loose and pliable.
Eponychium - cuticle extension at the base of the nail body
which partly overlaps the lunula
Hyponychium – portion of the skin under the free edge of the
nail.
Nail Walls – folds of the skin overlapping the sides of the nail.
Nail Grooves - are slits or tracks in the skin at the side of the
nail upon which the nail moves as it grows.
Mantle – deep fold of the skin in which the nail root is
embedded.
SHAPES OF THE NAILS
The shape of the nail follows the fingertips of an individual.
1. Oval nail - This is common among people with long, perfect
nail beds. It may be styled slightly rounded at the base and
slightly pointed at the fingertips. Most often this type of nail
has a natural look and looks very good in a short-medium
length.
2. Round nail - Ideal for shorter nails, the nail can grow out
straight at the sides for approximately 1.5 mm and then the tip
is filed into a rounded shape. This is a strong shape which is
great for those who keep their nails short.
3. Stiletto/ pointed nail - Filed away at the sides to a point at
the tip; this shape is very weak as the sides of the nail (which
provide the strength) are totally lost.
4.
the tip, this gives the nail tip strength over the oval shape.
5. Square nail- The square shape of nails is the most famous
among the nail shapes. It is created by allowing the nail to
grow out straight and then filling the tip straight across the
right angles with the rest of the nail plate.
TRIM YOUR NAILS
Trimming nails play a very vital role. It is a very easy task
but sometimes it causes little problems such as unwanted abrasions
and ingrown nails, when not properly done. Apply the following steps
while cutting nails.
The best way to care for nails is to trim them
regularly. Filling is recommended, as to keep nails from
becoming too rough and to remove any small bumps or ridges
that may cause the nail to get tangled up in materials such as
cloth.
ROUND
SQUARE SQUOVAL
Ste
ps
Procedure
No.
1 Prepare the types of instruments for this task. Nail cutter, who has
small or medium slightly curved blades, which are suitable for trimming
the fingernails. Nail cutters with straight blades are suitable for use.
2 Before using your nail cutter, make sure that it is clean. Wash your nail
cutter to remove dust and germs, especially when you are sharing your
nail cutter with someone else. Dry thoroughly after washing it.
3 Wash your hands. Wipes dry with any towel or tissue paper to remove
extra water. This process cleans and softens fingernails so that it is
easy to cut them.
4 You must cut your nails in a place where you can clearly see what you
are doing. Put a small container near you in which you can collect the
nails.
5 Decide the shape of your nails. Decide which shape you want. After
deciding, lift the nail cutter and start cutting your nails, starting from
your little finger.
6
Start cutting your nails, starting from your little finger.
7 Clip on the nail cutter that can cut through the nail. You can make at
least two or three cuts of a fingernail until everything is snug. Follow the
curve of the nail to get a clean cut. Check skin flaps after each cut and
remove carefully.
8 Sit comfortably and crouch your knee side to easily reach up and see
the nails clearly. Be sure not to set up a deep razor to prevent
scratches. Adjust the position of the razor if you feel any discomfort.
9 After cutting your nails, use a nail file to smooth any rough and odd
surface of newly trimmed nails. When you file, tilt the nail file and start
from the corner to the center of the nail.
10 Apply some moisturizer on your hands to keep the cuticles moisturized
and smooth.