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An Integrated Review of the Application of Orem's Self-Care Theory in Care of

Diabetic Patients

Article  in  Journal of Diabetes Nursing · January 2022

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Nahid Rajai Akram Parandeh

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 Journal of Diabetes Nursing pISSN:2345-5020
2022; Volume 10 Number 2 eISSN:2423-5571
An Integrated Review of the Application of Orem's Self-Care Theory
in Care of Diabetic Patients
Rajai Nahid 1, Mahmoodi Hossein 2*, Parandeh Akram 3
1. Instructor, Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health, Nursing Faculty, Aja University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2. Professor, Trauma Research Center, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3. Assistant Professor, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases that
need a lot of care. Theories play an important role in improving the quality
of care, and Orem’s self-care theory is pioneering in this field. Therefore, this
study aimed to conduct an integrated review of the application of Orem’s
Article information: theory in the care of diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: The present study is an integrated review study of
Review Article articles published from 2010 to 2022 that were collected from databases
including SID, Magiran, Iranmedex, Irandoc, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and
PubMed using the keywords, such as Orem, self-care, diabetes, Orem model
and their Latin equivalents. The study procedure included five stages of text
Received: 2022/05/12
search, text selection, data evaluation, data extraction, and data classification
Accepted: 2022/06/29 in studies on the application of Orem’s self-care model on diabetes.
Results: The initial search results included 243 articles. A total number of
14 articles were selected and included in the study after the careful
examination of the titles, abstracts, and texts of the collected articles. The
JDN 2022; 10(2) majority of studies have been conducted in Iran. All studies were
1829-1843 interventional and five articles had a clinical trial design. Moreover, the
studied variables included the main components of Orem’s theory, quality of
life, laboratory factors such as blood sugar or glycosylated hemoglobin,
Corresponding
adherence to treatment, self-efficacy, and peripheral neuropathy. All the
Author:
studies were performed on the adult population and interventions were often
Hossein Mahmoodi,
Baqiyatallah
conducted in the form of training sessions. In all the studies, interventions
University of Medical had a positive and significant effect on the variables under study.
Sciences. Conclusion: Considering the positive results of interventions based on
Orem’s self-care theory on the consequences of diabetic patients, it is
h.mahmoudi@bm recommended to remove the barriers to the application of the theory in the
clinic. Furthermore, efforts should be made to translate knowledge and
su.ac.ir
support upstream organizations in this regard. It is also suggested to pay
attention to the acute complications of diabetes, study this disease in the
pediatric population, and perform interventions with strong plans for
researchers interested in this field.
Keywords: Diabetes, Orem theory, Review article, Self-care.
[ Downloaded from jdn.zbmu.ac.ir on 2022-08-02 ]

Access This Article Online

Quick Response Code: Journal homepage: http://jdn.zbmu.ac.ir
How to site this article:
Rajai N, Mahmoodi H, Parandeh A. An
Integrated Review of the Application of
Orem's Self-Care Theory in Care of Diabetic
Patients. J Diabetes Nurs. 2022; 10 (2) :1829-
1843

1829
 ‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري دﯾﺎﺑﺖ زاﺑﻞ‬
‫‪pISSN:2345-5020‬‬
‫‪eISSN:2423-5571‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎل ‪ ،10‬ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ ،2‬ﺑﻬﺎر ‪1401‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﺎت‪1829-1843 :‬‬

‫ﻣﺮوري ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم در ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ‬

‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻧﺎﻫﯿﺪ رﺟﺎﯾﯽ‪ ،1‬ﺣﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﻮدي*‪ ،2‬اﮐﺮم ﭘﺮﻧﺪه‬
‫‪ .1‬داﻧﺸﺠﻮي دﮐﺘﺮي ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﻘﯿﻪ اﷲ؛ ﻣﺮﺑﯽ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮوه ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﻣﺎدران و ﻧﻮزادان‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري ارﺗﺶ‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬
‫ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ آﺟﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮان‪ ،‬اﯾﺮان‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﺳﺘﺎد‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺗﺮوﻣﺎ‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﻘﯿﻪ اﷲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮان‪ ،‬اﯾﺮان‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬اﺳﺘﺎدﯾﺎر‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﻃﺐ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮآن و ﺣﺪﯾﺚ‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﻘﯿﻪ اﷲ‪ ،‬ﺗﻬﺮان‪ ،‬اﯾﺮان‬
‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه ﻣﺴﺌﻮل‪ :‬ﺣﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﻮدي‪ ،‬داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﻘﯿﻪ اﷲ‬

‫ﭼﮑﯿﺪه‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ و ﻫﺪف‪ :‬ﺑﯿﻤﺎري دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺷﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ دارد‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ارﺗﻘﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻫﺎ دارﻧﺪ و ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﯾﮏ ﺗﺌﻮري ﭘﯿﺸﮕﺎم در‬
‫اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﺮور ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري اورم در ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬
‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﯾﮏ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺮور ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮي ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎي ‪2010‬‬
‫ﺗﺎ ‪2022‬در ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ وﻻﺗﯿﻦ ‪SID, Magiran, Iranmedex, Irandac, ProQuest,‬‬
‫‪ Google scholar, PubMed,‬ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬از ﮐﻠﯿﺪ واژه ﻫﺎي‪ ،‬ﺗﺌﻮري‪ ،‬اورم‪ ،‬ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‪ ،‬اﻟﮕﻮي‬
‫اورم و ﻣﻌﺎدل ﻻﺗﯿﻦ آن ﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ‪ .‬اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ‪ 5‬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮي ﻣﺘﻮن‪ ،‬اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﺘﻮن‪ ،‬ارزﺷﯿﺎﺑﯽ‬
‫داده ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج داده ﻫﺎ و ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي داده ﻫﺎ در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺪل ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬
‫اورم ﺑﺮ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮي اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪243‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻮد‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ دﻗﯿﻖ ﻋﻨﻮان‪ ،‬ﭼﮑﯿﺪه و ﻣﺘﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺪاد‬
‫‪14‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ وارد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﻘﺎﻻت در اﯾﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ .‬ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ اي ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و ‪5‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎرازﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺌﻮري اورم‪ ،‬ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن ﯾﺎ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮزﯾﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺖ از درﻣﺎن‪ ،‬ﺧﻮدﮐﺎراﻣﺪي و ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﻮد‪ .‬ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت در ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎﻻن و ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺟﻠﺴﺎت آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه‬
‫ﺑﻮد‪ .‬در ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﺑﺮ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬
‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﺑﺎ رﻓﻊ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺑﮑﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺌﻮري در ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻦ و ﺗﻼش ﻣﺤﻘﻘﯿﻦ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺎن داﻧﺶ‬
‫] ‪[ Downloaded from jdn.zbmu.ac.ir on 2022-08-02‬‬

‫و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻدﺳﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﺴﺘﺮي ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري از ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ در ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﻮد‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻮارض‬
‫ﺣﺎد دﯾﺎﺑﺖ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن و اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﻫﺎي ﻗﻮي ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﯿﻦ ﻋﻼﻗﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﺣﻮزه ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد‪.‬‬
‫ﮐﻠﯿﺪ واژه ﻫﺎ‪ :‬ﺗﺌﻮري اورم‪ ،‬ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﺮوري‪.‬‬

‫‪How to site this article: Rajai N, Mahmoodi H, Parandeh A. An Integrated Review of the Application of Orem's‬‬
‫‪Self-Care Theory in Care of Diabetic Patients. J Diabetes Nurs. 2022; 10 (2) :1829-1843‬‬

‫‪1830‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮدي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري اﺳﺖ )‪ .(5‬ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﻔﺮوﺿﺎت‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﭘﺮداز‪ ،‬اﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﻮﺟﻮدي ﻣﻌﻘﻮل و داراي ﻗﻮاي ﻋﻘﻼﻧﯽ‬
‫اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ و ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﺧﻮد ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و در‬
‫ﺻﻮرت ﻧﯿﺎز اﻋﻀﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﻪ وي ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ )‪ .(7‬از اﯾﻦ‬
‫رو ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ اﺻﻠﯽ در ﺗﺌﻮري اورم‬
‫اﺳﺖ )‪ .(8‬ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﯾﮏ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮي )‪(9‬‬
‫ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ و داوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‪ ،‬ﺣﻔﻆ‬
‫زﻧﺪﮔﯽ‪ ،‬ارﺗﻘﺎي ﺳﻼﻣﺘﯽ و ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﯿﺎز ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮدي ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﺷﻮد )‪ .(8‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺮس و واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ‪،‬‬
‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻧﮕﯿﺰه و اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد )‪ .(12-10‬ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ‬
‫ﮐﻠﯽ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ اورم ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮان ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﻧﯿﺎز ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ و اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫ﺧﻮد ﻓﺮد اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد‪ .‬ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ذاﺗﯽ‬
‫ﻓﺮد ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﻮده و ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻠﯽ از‬
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺳﻦ‪ ،‬ﺟﻨﺲ‪ ،‬ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ و ﻧﻈﺎم‬
‫اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮه ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد )‪ .(13‬ﻧﯿﺎز ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪،‬‬
‫اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي ارﺿﺎي اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﺷﻮد )‪ .(14‬در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺪل ‪ 3‬ﻧﻮع ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس‬
‫ﻣﯿﺰان ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﯿﻤﺎران و ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر در ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﺒﺮاﻧﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر ﮐﻠﯿﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻤﺎر را اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﺒﺮان ﻧﺴﺒﯽ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر و ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ ﮐﻞ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ را اﻧﺠﺎم‬
‫داده و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﺒﺮان ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﮐﻞ ﮐﺎر ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ را‬
‫اﻧﺠﺎم داده و ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺸﺎوره اي و آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ دارد‬
‫)‪ .(15‬در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر ﻣﻮﻇﻒ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪدﺟﻮ ﯾﺎ ﯾﮑﯽ‬
‫از اﻋﻀﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده را در ﺑﺮاورده ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬
‫ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪ ﮐﻨﺪ )‪.(7‬‬
‫ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪ ﮐﺮدن اﻓﺮاد در ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺌﻮري‬
‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﻃﻮل ﻋﻤﺮ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري‬
‫] ‪[ Downloaded from jdn.zbmu.ac.ir on 2022-08-02‬‬
‫ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ و ﻣﺪل ﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ارﺗﻘﺎي‬
‫ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻫﺎ و رﻓﻊ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪ .‬اﻣﺎ در ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺖ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ اﻏﻠﺐ در ﮐﺘﺐ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪود ﺷﺪه و در ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﻤﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﺣﺪود ‪ %55‬از ﻣﻮارد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ از ﺗﺌﻮري‬
‫ﻫﺎ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ )‪ .(16‬اﯾﻦ در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ ﺟﺰ‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻣﺮوري ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪......‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ و ﻫﺪف‬
‫اﻣﺮوزه دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‬
‫و رﻓﺎه اﻓﺮاد‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻫﺎ و ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻃﺒﻖ ﮔﺰارش‬
‫ﻓﺪراﺳﯿﻮن ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ در ﺳﺎل ‪ 537 ،2021‬ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن‬
‫ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل )‪ 20‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 79‬ﺳﺎل( ﺑﺎ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ )‬
‫‪1‬ﻧﻔﺮاز ﻫﺮ در ‪10‬ﻧﻔﺮ(‪ .‬ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد اﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل‬
‫‪ 2030‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 643‬ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن و ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎل ‪ 2045‬ﺑﻪ ‪ 783‬ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن‬
‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ‪ 6/7‬ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن ﻣﺮگ در ﺳﺎل‬
‫‪ 2021‬اﺳﺖ )‪ 1‬ﻧﻔﺮ در ﻫﺮ ‪ 5‬ﺛﺎﻧﯿﻪ( )‪ .(1‬اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻣﺰﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻋﻮارض ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻤﯽ ﭼﺸﻢ‪ ،‬اﻋﺼﺎب‪ ،‬ﮐﻠﯿﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﺐ و ﻋﺮوق‬
‫ﺧﻮﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ آﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﮑﺮوواﺳﮑﻮﻻر و‬
‫ﻣﺎﮐﺮوواﺳﮑﻮﻻر اﺳﺖ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )‪.(2‬‬
‫اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد و ﭼﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ و ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ از ﯾﮏ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن ﺳﺎده ﻧﯿﺎز دارد )‪.(3‬‬
‫ﻟﺬا ﺑﺎر ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ را ﺑﺮ ﻓﺮد‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ‬
‫ﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ ﺗﺤﻤﯿﻞ ﮐﺮده )‪ (4‬و ﻣﻨﺠﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮف ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ‪ 966‬ﻣﯿﻠﯿﺎرد دﻻر ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻼﻣﺘﯽ‬
‫ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ ) اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ‪ 316‬درﺻﺪي در ‪ 15‬ﺳﺎل‬
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ()‪ .(1‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺎر ﺗﺤﻤﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ و اﻓﺮاد آﺳﯿﺐ دﯾﺪه‪ ،‬ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ اﺗﺨﺎذ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ دارﻧﺪ‪ .‬ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از‬
‫ﻋﻮارض و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻏﺬا‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﭘﺎ و ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺑﺮ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن اﺳﺖ )‪.(4‬‬
‫در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ اﺟﺮاي ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮي در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ در ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﺧﻮد ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﯾﮑﯽ‬
‫از ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﺎم ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري ﮐﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ در‬
‫ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم اوﻟﯿﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ دورﺗﺎ اورم‪ 1‬در ﺳﺎل ‪ 1959‬اراﺋﻪ و ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺎر‬
‫ﺑﺎزﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ )‪ .(5‬اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري راﻫﻨﻤﺎي ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮي‬
‫را ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي و اﺟﺮاي اﺻﻮل ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ در اﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬
‫اﻓﺮاد ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ )‪ .(6‬اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري ﯾﮏ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﮐﻼن و‬
‫ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ از ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻧﻘﺺ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ و‬
‫‪Dorothea E. OremN‬‬
‫‪1831‬‬
 ‫ﺳﺎل ‪ 10‬ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ ،2‬ﺑﻬﺎر ‪1401‬‬

‫اورم و ﻣﻌﺎدل ﻻﺗﯿﻦ آن ﻫﺎ و ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮاي ‪ AND‬اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﺪاﯾﯽ ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري ﺑﻮده و در ﺻﻮرت اﺟﺮا ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬
‫ﮐﻠﯿﺪ واژه ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس واژﮔﺎن ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ‪ MeSH‬اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬ ‫اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮد‪ .‬زﯾﺮا ﯾﮏ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻓﮑﺮي را‬
‫ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ‪ 5‬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮي ﻣﺘﻮن‪،‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺮاﻗﺐ اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮده ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ و ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه‬
‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﺘﻮن‪ ،‬ارزﺷﯿﺎﺑﯽ داده ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج داده ﻫﺎ و ﻃﺒﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد را در ﺑﻬﺒﻮد وﺿﻌﯿﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻨﺪي داده ﻫﺎ )‪ (21 ,20‬در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪدﺟﻮ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )‪ .(17‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ارﺗﻘﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻫﺎي‬
‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺪل ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﺑﺮ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺳﺮچ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ دﺳﺘﺎورد ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )‪.(18‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه اول و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼف ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﻫﺎي ورود ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﻮدن ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ در ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﯿﺪ ﺷﺪن اﺟﺮاي ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺗﺌﻮري اورم در‬ ‫و ﻫﺮ اﻧﺪازه ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ اي ﺑﻮدن ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ‪ ،‬زﺑﺎن ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﯾﺎ اﻧﮕﻠﯿﺴﯽ‪،‬‬ ‫و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻫﻤﺴﻮﯾﯽ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﻮد‪ ،‬ﭘﺸﺘﻮاﻧﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و‬
‫اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﻃﯽ ‪ 12‬ﺳﺎل اﺧﯿﺮ و اﻧﺘﺸﺎر در ﻣﺠﻼت‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﯽ ﻗﻮي ﺗﺮي را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮐﺮد )‪ .(19‬ﺑﺎ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﻫﺎي‬
‫ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺘﻦ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻮد‪.‬‬
‫اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي در ﺣﻮزه‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ اي‪ ،‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت‬
‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ در اﯾﺮان‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ را ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﺌﻮري اورم اﺟﺮا ﻧﮑﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ‪،‬‬
‫و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﮐﺸﻮر ﻫﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﻣﺎ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻨﺪي در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ‬
‫ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮدﺑﯿﺮ‪ ،‬ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻫﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﻫﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻮرد و ﮔﺰارﺷﺎت ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺧﺮوج در ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﺪف از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ و از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺬف ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم در ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻣﺮوري ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم‬
‫ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬زﯾﺮا ﻣﺮور ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﯾﮏ روش اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽ در ﺧﻼﺻﻪ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ‪243‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻮد‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ دﻗﯿﻖ ﻋﻨﻮان‪،‬‬
‫ﮐﺮدن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻧﻈﺮي و ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬
‫ﭼﮑﯿﺪه و ﻣﺘﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ‪ 236 ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﮑﺮاري ﺑﻮدن‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﯾﺠﺎد درﮐﯽ وﺳﯿﻊ و ﺟﺎﻣﻊ از ﭘﺪﯾﺪه‬
‫ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺿﻌﯿﻒ ﯾﺎ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ و ﯾﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ و وﺿﻌﯿﺘﯽ از داﻧﺶ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬
‫ﻣﺘﻦ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺣﺬف ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪ .‬در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪي ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت‬
‫را اراﺋﻪ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﯽ در ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻦ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺧﻂ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮي دﺳﺘﯽ در ﮔﻮﮔﻞ‬
‫و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺧﺎﮐﺴﺘﺮي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ‪ 6‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﯽ ﻫﺎ دارد‪ .‬اﯾﻦ روش‪ ،‬اﯾﻦ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ را دارد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ‬
‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ‪14‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ وارد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪ )ﻧﻤﻮدار‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اوﻟﯿﻪ را ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺰرﮔﯽ از اﺑﺘﮑﺎرات ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎره ‪.(1‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ در ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﮐﻨﺪ‪.(20).‬‬

‫از ‪ 14‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ اي ﮐﻪ وارد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ‪ 7‬ﻣﻮرد در ﮐﺸﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ‬
‫اﯾﺮان و ﻣﺎﺑﻘﯽ در ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﮐﺸﻮر ﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﯾﮏ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺮور ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ‬
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‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري در ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از‬

‫ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮي ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎي ‪ 2010‬ﺗﺎ ‪2022‬در ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎه‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ‪ 5 .‬ﻣﻮرد از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح‬
‫ﻫﺎي ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ و ﻻﺗﯿﻦ ‪SID, Magiran, Iranmedex,‬‬
‫ﮐﺎرازﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل دار‪ 5 ،‬ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﻮد‪ .‬ﯾﮑﯽ‬
‫‪Irandac, ProQuest, Google scholar,‬‬
‫دﯾﮕﺮ از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت آﯾﻨﺪه ﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ‬
‫‪ PubMed,‬ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪ .‬ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮي ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس‬
‫اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ ﺑﻮد و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آن ﮔﺰارش ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ .‬اﻣﺎ‬
‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮ از روش ‪-population) PICO‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮح ﻗﻮي ﮐﻪ داﺷﺖ وارد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬
‫‪ (Outcome-comparison-intervention‬اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫از ﮐﻠﯿﺪ واژه ﻫﺎي‪ ،‬ﺗﺌﻮري‪ ،‬اورم‪ ،‬ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‪ ،‬اﻟﮕﻮي‬

‫‪1832‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮدي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‬ ‫ﻣﺮوري ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪......‬‬

‫ﯾﮏ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻮردي ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ‬

‫ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺌﻮري اورم را اﺟﺮا و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ را ﮔﺰارش ﮐﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﮐﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از‬

‫ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ‪243 :‬‬

‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻨﻮان و ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﻣﻘﺎﻻت‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﻘﺎﻻت رد‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯽ‬
‫ﺷﺪه‪220 :‬‬

‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺘﻦ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت از ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﻘﺎﻻت رد ﺷﺪه‪:‬‬

‫ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯽ‬ ‫‪12‬‬

‫اﻧﺠﺎم ﺳﺮچ دﺳﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﻘﺎﻻت اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬

‫ﺷﺪه‪6 :‬‬

‫ﮐﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت وارد ﺷﺪه در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‪:‬‬

‫‪14‬‬

‫ﻧﻤﻮدار ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ :1‬ﻓﻠﻮﭼﺎرت اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻘﺎﻻت‬

‫ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‪ :‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻻت در ﺳﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎﻟﯽ و ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎ درﮔﯿﺮ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع‬
‫‪ 2‬ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ‪ .‬در ‪ 3‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ زﻧﺎن ﺑﺎ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎرداري و ‪ 3‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ را ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﮐﻪ درﮔﯿﺮ ﻋﻮارض دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬
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‫ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‪ :‬از ‪ 14‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ اي ﮐﻪ وارد‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ 9 ،‬ﻣﻮرد ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت‬
‫ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺌﻮري اورم ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري‬
‫از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ رﻓﺘﺎر‪ ،‬ﺗﻮان‪ ،‬ﻧﯿﺎز و اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اﻓﺮاد‬

‫)زﺧﻢ ﭘﺎي دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ‪ ،‬درﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﻠﯿﻪ و ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ(‬
‫در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت‪ :‬در ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‪ ،‬ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت‬
‫ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ .‬اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺟﻠﺴﺎت آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ‪ 1‬ﺗﺎ ‪8‬‬
‫ﺟﻠﺴﻪ و در ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺳﺨﻨﺮاﻧﯽ‪ ،‬اراﺋﻪ ﻓﯿﻠﻢ و ﺑﺤﺚ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ‬
‫ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ‪ 4‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ‬
‫زﻧﺪﮔﯽ‪ 4 ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻗﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺧﻮن ﯾﺎ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮزﯾﻠﻪ‪ 2 ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺖ از‬
‫درﻣﺎن‪ 1 ،‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎراﻣﺪي و ‪ 1‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎي واﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬
‫در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺳﺎل ‪ 10‬ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ ،2‬ﺑﻬﺎر ‪1401‬‬

‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻠﻮ‪ 3‬و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2020‬ﯾﮏ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺮور‬ ‫و ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ .‬در ‪ 5‬ﻣﻮرد از ﻣﻘﺎﻻت‪،‬‬
‫ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم در ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﯿﺎز ﺳﻨﺠﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه از ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬
‫زﺧﻢ ﻫﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم دادﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺨﺸﯽ از ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻠﻮ و‬ ‫ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ .‬در ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻘﺎﻻت از ﯾﮏ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ‬
‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎران وارد ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ زﺧﻢ ﭘﺎي دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ ﺑﻮد‪.‬‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ اي ﺑﻬﺮه ﺟﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد و از ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺤﺖ‬
‫در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺌﻮري اورم ﺑﺎ دادن‬ ‫ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ ﯾﮏ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻃﯽ ﯾﮏ ﺳﺎل اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮده‬
‫ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ اداﻣﻪ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺑﻮد‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺌﻮري اورم‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري در ﻣﻨﺰل ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﺮده و ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات ﻣﺜﺒﺖ در‬ ‫از اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري ﻧﺎﻧﺪا‪ 2‬ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮح رﯾﺰي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫روﻧﺪ ﺑﻬﺒﻮدي زﺧﻢ ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد )‪ .(36‬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮده ﺑﻮد‪ .‬در ‪ 4‬ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﭘﺲ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت‪،‬‬
‫آﻣﭙﻮﺗﺎﺳﯿﻮن زﺧﻢ ﭘﺎي دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي درﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﻫﺎي ﺗﻠﻔﻨﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮر ﮐﻪ در ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري در روﻧﺪ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ اﺷﺎره ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮔﺰارش ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ )‪.(37‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮان ﻧﺴﺒﯽ‪ ،‬ﺟﺒﺮان ﮐﺎﻣﻞ و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ و آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‬
‫ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼف ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‪ ،‬ﮐﺎرﭘﻨﺘﺮ‪ 4‬و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد‪ .‬در ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2019‬ﯾﮏ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺮوري ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬ ‫در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻏﻔﻮري ﻓﺮد و ﻫﻤﮑﺎراﻧﺶ‪ ،‬در اﺑﺘﺪا از ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻧﯿﺎز‬
‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ارﺗﻘﺎ دﻫﻨﺪه ﺧﻮدﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ ﯾﺎ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ در‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺷﺪ و آﻣﻮزش ﻫﺎ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺌﻮري اورم‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ ﻧﻮع ‪ 2‬ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ )ﺟﺪول ﺷﻤﺎره ‪.(1‬‬
‫دﻧﺒﺎل ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري اورم ﻧﺒﻮد‪ .‬اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت در ‪17‬‬
‫ﺑﺤﺚ و ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي‬
‫ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ رﺳﯿﺪﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﯽ را‬
‫اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم‬
‫از ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖﻫﺎي ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ در ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي‬
‫در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ‪ 14 .‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﻪ در ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ‪ ،‬رﻓﺘﺎري و روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫و ﻗﻮﻣﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ‪ 7‬ﮐﺸﻮر وارد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮاﯾﻨﺪ‬
‫ﮐﺎرﭘﻨﺘﺮ اﺷﺎره ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺎﻫﻤﮕﻮﻧﯽ در ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ‬
‫ﮐﻠﯽ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻧﺸﺎن از ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﺗﻌﻤﯿﻢ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي و ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ را ﺳﺨﺖ ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎي‬
‫ﮐﻨﺪ )‪ .(38‬واﺿﺢ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ )رﻓﺘﺎر‪ ،‬ﺗﻮان‪ ،‬ﻧﯿﺎز و اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﺎرﭘﻨﺘﺮ در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ ﯾﮏ‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬
‫دﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﺌﻮري اورم ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن ﯾﺎ ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮزﯾﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺖ از درﻣﺎن‪،‬‬
‫در ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ‬
‫ﺧﻮدﮐﺎراﻣﺪي و ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ( ﺑﻮد‪.‬‬
‫اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎل ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺮوري ﻣﺤﺪودي در‬
‫ﺑﻮد‪ .‬اﯾﻦ در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ در ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﯾﻌﺘﺮﯾﻦ‬
‫زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري اورم ﺑﺮ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﮑﯽ دوران ﮐﻮدﮐﯽ ﺑﻮده و از ﻫﺮ ‪ 300‬ﺗﺎ ‪500‬‬
‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد‪ .‬در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ‪ ،‬در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ وﻟﯽ زاده‬
‫ﻫﺰار ﮐﻮدك ﯾﮏ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد )‪ .(39‬ﻟﺬا اﯾﻦ‬
‫و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري اورم در ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي‬
‫ﻧﯿﺎز وﺟﻮد دارد ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﺳﻨﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ )از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ( و ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ در ﻃﯽ ‪ 5‬ﺳﺎل‪،‬‬
‫ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ‪ .‬در اﯾﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص‪ ،‬آﯾﺴﯿﮏ‪ 5‬و‬
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‫در اﯾﺮان ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ رﺳﯿﺪﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ‬

‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎران در ﺳﺎل ‪ 2021‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮور ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم‬
‫ﺗﺌﻮري ﺑﺨﺼﻮص در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺰﻣﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬اﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺪه در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري اورم در ارﺗﻘﺎي رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي‬
‫در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي ﺣﺎد ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ در ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﺳﻦ ﻣﺪرﺳﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﯿﺮد )‪.(8‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ آﻣﻮزش ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻃﺒﻖ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري ﻣﯽ‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪Carpenter‬‬ ‫‪NANDA‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪Isik‬‬ ‫‪Melo‬‬

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 ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮدي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‬ ‫ﻣﺮوري ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪......‬‬

‫در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ را ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬
‫ﮐﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ در ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ را ﺳﺨﺖ ﺗﺮ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬دوﻣﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻗﻮت‪،‬‬
‫اﻧﺠﺎم ﯾﮏ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮي ﺟﺎﻣﻊ داﺧﻞ و ﺧﺎرج از اﯾﺮان و ﺑﺎ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻣﺮوري ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در‬
‫اراﺋﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ در ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري دارد‪.‬‬
‫از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻋﺪم اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ اﻟﺒﺘﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮرد از‬
‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ ﺧﺎرج ﺑﻮد‪ .‬دوﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ اﯾﻦ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ‬
‫ﺟﺰﯾﯿﺎت ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ‪ ،‬در‬
‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﻮد و ﺗﻨﻬﺎ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺪل ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻮدن ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﻘﺎﻻت در ﺻﻮرت ﺣﺬف‪ ،‬ﻣﯿﺰان رﯾﺰش زﯾﺎد ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي‬
‫در ﯾﮏ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻨﺪي ﮐﻠﯽ از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‪ ،‬ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﮔﻮاه‬
‫اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺌﻮري اورم در ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪ ﻫﺎي‬
‫ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ در ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻟﺬا ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از اﯾﻦ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬
‫اﻟﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري در ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻦ و ﯾﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﻣﺤﻘﻘﯿﻦ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﺎن ﻋﻼﻗﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه‪ ،‬ﺗﻼش ﻫﺎﯾﯽ در‬
‫راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺎن داﻧﺶ و اراﺋﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ زﺑﺎن ﺳﺎده و ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮق‬
‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﺎران داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻧﻪ داﻧﺶ ﻧﻈﺮي‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﻧﯿﺰ در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﻬﺮه ﻣﻨﺪ‬
‫ﮔﺮدد‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﺧﻼﻗﯽ‬
‫اﺻﻮل اﺧﻼق در ﻧﮕﺎرش ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﺻﻮل اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﻧﺸﺮ‬
‫‪ COPE‬رﻋﺎت ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت آﺗﯽ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼﺗﯽ ﻃﺮح رﯾﺰي ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ دو ﺳﻄﺢ‬
‫ﺗﺸﮑﺮ و ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ‬
‫را ﻫﻢ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ دﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد دﯾﮕﺮ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‬
‫] ‪[ Downloaded from jdn.zbmu.ac.ir on 2022-08-02‬‬
‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ارﺗﻘﺎي رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺳﺒﮏ‬
‫زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري‬
‫در ﮔﺮوه ﺳﻨﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )‪.(40‬‬
‫اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫ﺗﺌﻮري اورم در ﺑﻬﺒﻮد وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ ﺑﻮد‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ در‬
‫ﻋﻤﻞ و در ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد‪.‬‬
‫در ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺖ اﻏﻠﺐ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران‪ ،‬اﯾﻦ ذﻫﻨﯿﺖ را از ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ دارﻧﺪ‬
‫ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﻧﯽ ﺳﺨﺖ و دور از ذﻫﻦ ﺑﻮده و ﻣﺨﺘﺺ ﮐﺘﺐ درﺳﯽ‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‪ ،‬دﻟﯿﻞ دﯾﮕﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري ﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ در ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و‬
‫ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻬﻢ را در ﮐﻮرﯾﮑﻮﻟﻮم ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري داﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻋﻤﺪه ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﺷﺎﻏﻞ در ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ‬
‫در ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﺤﺪودي در‬
‫اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ دارﻧﺪ‪ .‬اﻟﺒﺘﻪ در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ دﯾﮕﺮي از‬
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﺪم ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﺎدت ﺑﻪ روﺗﯿﻦ ﮐﺎري‪ ،‬ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﮐﺎﻓﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﯽ اﻫﻤﯿﺘﯽ‬
‫اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع از ﻃﺮف ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻻن و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰان ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري‬
‫ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ )‪.(41‬‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‪ ،‬اﻏﻠﺐ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫ﺗﺌﻮري اورم را ﺑﺮ ﻋﻮارض ﻣﺰﻣﻦ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ‬
‫ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺗﺌﻮري اورم ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮان ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ‬
‫در ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﺑﺮوز ﻣﻮارد اورژاﻧﺴﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻫﯿﭙﻮﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ‪،‬‬
‫ﮐﺘﻮاﺳﯿﺪوز دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ و ﮐﻤﺎي ﻫﺎﯾﭙﺮاﺳﻤﻮﻻر ﻏﯿﺮ ﮐﺘﻮﻧﯽ‬
‫ﺑﭙﺮدازﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ در اﻏﻠﺐ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم‬
‫ﺷﺪه ﺗﻨﻬﺎ از ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ و آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﮐﻪ در آن ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر‬
‫ﻓﻘﻂ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ و آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ دارد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و‬
‫اﯾﻦ در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ در ﺳﻄﺢ‬
‫ﺟﺒﺮان ﻧﺴﺒﯽ و ﺟﺒﺮان ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬا ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد در‬

‫ﺑﺪﯾﻨﻮﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ از ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ از‬ ‫اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻﺗﯽ ﮐﻪ وارد اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ آن ﻫﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﮐﻤﺎل ﻗﺪرداﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮم‬
‫و ﺗﺸﮑﺮ را دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ و ﺟﻬﺖ دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ دﻗﯿﻖ ﺗﺮ و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺗﻌﻤﯿﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎرض ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﻌﺪي از ﻃﺮح‬
‫ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎرازﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدد‪.‬‬
‫در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻫﯿﭻ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻀﺎد ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد‪.‬‬
‫ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري اورم در‬
‫ﯾﮏ دﺳﺘﻪ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎران )ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ( ﺑﻮد‪ .‬در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ‪،‬‬

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 ‫ﺳﺎل ‪ 10‬ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ ،2‬ﺑﻬﺎر ‪1401‬‬

‫ﺟﺪول ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ :1‬ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻻت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﺑﺮ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﺑﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‪ ،‬روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪه‪/‬ﺳﺎل‬
‫ﮔﯿﺮي‪ ،‬ﺳﺎل ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‪/‬ﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮرد‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‬

‫ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫‪ 8‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرآزﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺷﺪه‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ آﻣﻮزش ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪ .1‬ﮔﻨﺠﻠﻮ‬
‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي داﺷﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس‪،‬‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮي ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‪/1395/‬‬
‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿ‪‬ﺖ‬
‫)‪.(P<0.001‬‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮي اورم ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫‪ 84 ،1392‬ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫روش راﯾﺞ ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿ‪‬ﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﺒﺰوار‬
‫زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬
‫ﺳﺨﻨﺮاﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع دو ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ‬ ‫زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯿﮏ‬ ‫)‪(22‬‬
‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ‪19 1‬‬
‫ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯿﮏ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع دو‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﺗﻮان ﺧﻮد در ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش ﻫﺎي اﻧﻔﺮادي ﺑﺮ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺗﮏ ﮔﺮوﻫﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ آﻣﻮزش اﻟﮕﻮي‬ ‫‪ .2‬ﻏﻔﻮري ﻓﺮد و‬
‫و ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ در ﺣﯿﻄﻪ ﻫﺎي رژم‬ ‫اﺳﺎس اﻟﮕﻮي اورم و ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎرش‪/1394/‬‬
‫ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ )‪ (P=0/04‬ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺎس ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﯿﻤﺎر در‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ‪( Summary of‬‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ‪ 20 ،‬ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ)‪(23‬‬
‫)‪ ،(P=0/000‬اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن‬ ‫ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫‪Diabetes Self-Care‬‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﺮي در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻏﺪد‬ ‫ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫)‪ ،(P=0/003‬رژﯾﻢ داروﯾﯽ )‪ (P=0/001‬و‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮاﻧﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‪ ،‬ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫) ‪Activities‬‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن‬
‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﭘﺎي دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ )‪ (P=0/01‬ﺑﻮد‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮاﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ‬

‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﺧﻮدﮐﺎراﻣﺪي ﺑﯿﻤﺎران در ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫آﻣﻮرﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯿﺘﮏ ﮔﺮوﻫﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮري و‬
‫از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ‪ 52/66‬و در ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ‪77/21‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس‬ ‫دﻣﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ‪ 42 ،‬زن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎرش‬
‫ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮي اورم ﻃﯽ ‪ 4‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎرداري ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮي ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم‬ ‫‪/1396‬زاﺑﻞ )‪(24‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺧﻮدﮐﺎراﻣﺪي دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫)‪.(P<0/001‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮدﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي زﻧﺎن‬
‫ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎرداري‬

‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮات رﻓﺘﺎر ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ در ﻗﺒﻞ از‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮد‬ ‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ دﻣﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن و‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ي ﺧﻮد‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﺷﻬﺒﺎز و‬
‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﮔﺮوه وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﻤﺴﺎن ﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪه‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﻟﮕﻮي‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‪/1395/‬ا‬
‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ‬ ‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ‪ .‬اﻣﺎ در ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎر و اﻟﮕﻮي ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس‪،‬‬ ‫رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫اورم‬ ‫روﻣﯿﻪ )‪(25‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬
‫ﻧﻤﺮات ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﻃﯽ ‪2‬‬ ‫‪60‬ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ زﺧﻢ ﭘﺎي‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ زﺧﻢ ﭘﺎي دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ‬
‫)‪.(P<0/001‬‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴﻪ و ‪ 12‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ زﺧﻢ ﭘﺎي دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ‬
‫اﺳﺎس ﻣﺪل اورم‬
‫ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﺗﻠﻔﻨﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‪-‬‬
‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺳﻨﺠﺶ رﻓﺘﺎر ﺧﻮد ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫درﻣﺎﻧﯽ آﯾﺖ اﷲ ﻃﺎﻟﻘﺎﻧﯽ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺮ اروﻣﯿﻪ‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ از اﺟﺮاي ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﻧﻤﺮه‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ اﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرازﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ دو ﺳﻮﮐﻮ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ آﻣﻮزش دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪ .5‬ﺳﺮوچ‬
‫ﺗﻮان ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫‪139 ،2012‬ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎراﻧﺶ‪/‬ﻣﺎرس‬
‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد )‪ (P =0/018‬ﻧﻤﺮه ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي‬ ‫روش ‪)DSME‬ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع ‪ 2‬ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي‬ ‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل در‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰآﻣﻮزﺷﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫)‪ (SCDNT‬ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮان‬ ‫اﮐﺘﺒﺮ‪/2017‬ﺗﺮﮐﯽ‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد اﻣﺎ اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‪ ،‬ﻫﺪف ﮔﺬاري‪،‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎي‬ ‫ه )‪(26‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺒﻮد )‪ .(P=0/093‬در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي‪ ،‬اﺟﺮا و‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ و ﺳﻄﺢ‬
‫] ‪[ Downloaded from jdn.zbmu.ac.ir on 2022-08-02‬‬

‫‪-‬ﻣﺎﻧﯿﺘﻮرﯾﻨﮓ ‪HbA1c‬‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ در ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن ﻧﻤﺮه ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ( ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺗﺌﻮري‬ ‫‪HbA1c‬ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﻃﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع ‪2‬‬
‫ﺑﻮد )‪ .(P=0/001‬اﻣﺎ در ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﺳﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن‬
‫اﯾﺠﺎد ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﻮد )‪ .(P=0/240‬ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ از ‪ 6‬ﻣﺎه‪.‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﮔﺮوه از ﻧﻈﺮ‬
‫‪ HbA1c‬وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ‪ .‬اﻣﺎ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ و‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ در ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ )‪(P=0/016‬‬

‫‪1836‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮدي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‬ ‫ﻣﺮوري ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪......‬‬

‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺗﻮان ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﮐﺎرازﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل دار‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت‬ ‫‪ .6‬وﯾﺲ واﻧﺎس ‪ 1‬و‬
‫آزﻣﻮن )‪ (110/7 ±7/4‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ارﺗﻘﺎي ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ در دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎرداري در‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي آﺳﺎن‪،‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫دﻫﻨﺪه‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎراﻧﺶ‪/‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬ ‫ﺗﺌﻮري اورم در ‪ 2‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﮫ ﺑﻌد اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﻻي ‪ 2011‬ﺗﺎ ﻣﯽ ‪40 /2012‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫‪/2014‬ﮐﻮﭼﯽ‪-‬ﻫﻨﺪ‬
‫)‪ (96/4±10/2‬ﺑﻮد‪.(P<0/001) .‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ دو ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻧﯽ‪،‬‬ ‫زن ﺑﺎردار ‪ 28-24‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫)‪(27‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﻮان‬ ‫آزﻣﻮن ﺑﻌﺪ از ﯾﮏ ﻣﺎه‬ ‫رﺷﺪي و اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ زﻧﺎن ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎرداري‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﻧﺤﺮاف ﺳﻼﻣﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻮد )‪.(P<0/001‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﺮات داﻧﺶ‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﺮش و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي‬ ‫‪ 5‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺑﻪ روش‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ‬ ‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرازﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ‬ ‫‪ .7‬ﺿﺎرﺑﺎن و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‪،‬‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن در ﺑﻌﺪ از‬ ‫ﺳﺨﻨﺮاﻧﯽ‪ ،‬ﺑﺤﺚ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ و‬ ‫رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺮش‬ ‫داﻧﺶ‪،‬‬ ‫دار‪ ،‬ﺳﺎل ‪ 136،1390‬زن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ داﻧﺶ‪،‬‬ ‫‪/1394‬زاﻫﺪان )‪(28‬‬
‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﺷﺎي ﻓﯿﻠﻢ ﻃﯽ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺎه و‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع ‪ 2‬ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺮش‪ ،‬رﻓﺘﺎر ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬
‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ و ﺳﻄﺢ ‪ HbA1C‬ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن در ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎه‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫‪HbA1C‬زﻧﺎن‬ ‫و ﺳﻄﺢ‬
‫‪-‬ﭼﮏ ﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﺛﺒﺖ‪Hb A1C‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺖ )‪(P<0/001‬؛ اﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ‬
‫در ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻧﺒﻮد‬
‫)‪(P>0/05‬‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داد ﮐﻪ‬ ‫‪ 4‬ﮔﺮوه ‪ 10‬ﻧﻔﺮه ﮐﻪ در ﻃﯽ‬
‫آﯾﺎ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ ﺳﺎل و دوره ﻫﺎي ‪ 3‬ﻣﺎﻫﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺌﻮري‪ ،‬ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ‬
‫را ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻣﯽ ﺑﺨﺸﺪ و ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ‬ ‫دوره ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﯾﺎ‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎري را ﺑﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﯾﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺧﯿﺮ ﻣﯽ اﻧﺪازد ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﭼﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از ﺧﻮد ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ اي )رﻫﺒﺮي و ﻣﺸﺎوره‬
‫ﯾﮏ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﮔﻠﯿﺴﻤﯽ را‬ ‫اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﯾﮏ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر ﺣﺮﻓﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫اي‪ ،‬اﺟﺮاي ﻣﺪاﺧﻼت اﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﺌﻮري‬
‫اورم ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر دﯾﺎﺑﺖ و‬
‫وﯾﺰﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي‬
‫ﺷﺪه‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺎور‬
‫ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ و ﻧﻔﺮوﻟﻮژي( درﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫ﺷﺪ‪ .‬داده ﻫﺎ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺎه ﯾﮑﺒﺎر‬
‫ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن‪140 :‬‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي ﯾﮏ ﻃﺮح ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬
‫‪-‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺷﺪن رژﯾﻢ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺌﻮري اورم و ﺑﺮ‬
‫] ‪[ Downloaded from jdn.zbmu.ac.ir on 2022-08-02‬‬
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‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫‪Protocol study‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻫﻠﻮ‬ ‫‪.8‬‬
‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫‪-‬ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ آﯾﻨﺪه ﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‪/2016/‬ﺳﻮﺋﯽ‬
‫در دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ رﺷﺘﻪ اي ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ‬ ‫س )‪(29‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺎﻧﯿﺘﻮرﯾﻨﮓ روﯾﺪاد ﻫﺎي‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮي‪،‬‬ ‫زﻧﺪﮔﯽ‪ ،‬رﻓﺘﺎر ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از‬
‫داروﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﺑﻪ ‪ 4‬ﺑﺎزوي‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺖ از درﻣﺎن ﺿﺪ‬
‫‪-‬ﭼﮏ ‪HbA1C ،Cr‬‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‪40 ،‬ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن‪ ،‬ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻗﻨﺪ‬
‫درﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﻠﯿﻮي ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮن و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﻠﯿﻪ در‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻔﺮوﻟﻮژي ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎﻻن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺮﭘﺎﯾﯽ دوﻟﺘﯽ و ﺧﺼﻮص‬ ‫ﺑﺎ درﮔﯿﺮي ﮐﻠﯿﻪ‬
‫ﮔﺰارﺷﺎت ﺑﯿﻤﺎر و ﻣﻌﺎﯾﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ اي‪ ،‬ﯾﮏ زن ﭼﺎق ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪Kumar‬‬ ‫‪.9‬‬
‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع ‪ 2‬ﺑﺎ ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ دردﻧﺎك‬ ‫و‬ ‫اورم‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎرش‪/2007/‬ﻧﯿﻮي‬

‫‪-‬ﺑﻬﺒﻮدي در ﭘﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﺎس ‪ 4‬ﺑﻌﺪ اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺌﻮري‬ ‫ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ‬ ‫زﺑﺎنﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ورك )‪(30‬‬
‫‪-‬ﮐﻨﺎرآﻣﺪن ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪.‬‬ ‫)ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮان ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري‬
‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﻧﯿﺎز ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي ﯾﮏ زن‬
‫درﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﻧﻘﺺ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ(‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫و ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﯿﺮي از زﺑﺎن ﻫﺎي‬
‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري ﻧﺎﻧﺪا‬

‫‪1837‬‬
 ‫ﺳﺎل ‪ 10‬ﺷﻤﺎره ‪ ،2‬ﺑﻬﺎر ‪1401‬‬
‫ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺖ از درﻣﺎن در ‪ 7‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ در‬ ‫ﻓﺎز ‪ :1‬ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ‪ABC‬‬
‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ )ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺖ از درﻣﺎن‪،‬‬
‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺖ )‪. (P=0/000029‬‬ ‫داﻧﺶ و ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ(‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻮان ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ از‬ ‫ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺑﻮد و در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ‬ ‫اورم‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﺧﻮب ﺑﻮد )‪.(P<0/001‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎز ‪ :2‬در اﺧﺘﯿﺎر ﻗﺮار دادن ﻧﺮم‬
‫اﻓﺰار ﺑﻪ ‪ 88‬ﺑﯿﻤﺎر و ‪ 36‬ﻣﺮاﻗﺐ‬
‫در ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن‬
‫ﻓﺎز ‪ 2 :3‬ﻣﺎه ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﺗﻠﻔﻨﯽ‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﮕﯽ و در ﻣﻮاردي وﯾﺰﯾﺖ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ‬
‫ﻓﺎز ‪ :4‬وﯾﺰﯾﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ و‬
‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬
‫و ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي درﻣﺎن‪.‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻞ داﻧﺶ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ‪4‬‬
‫در ﻗﺒﻞ )‪ (9/71 ± 4/17‬و ﺑﻌﺪ )‪± 3/45‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺌﻮري اورم )ﻧﯿﺎز‬
‫‪ (18/72‬از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪،‬‬
‫)‪.(P<0/001‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري‬
‫ﻧﻤﺮه ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ در ﻗﺒﻞ )‪± 7/21‬‬ ‫و ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ( در دو ﺟﻠﺴﻪ‬
‫)‪± 7/31‬‬ ‫‪ (22/14‬ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ دو ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻪ و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬
‫‪ (31/12‬رﺳﯿﺪ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮد )‪.(P<0/001‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ در ‪ 12‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻔﺮات ﺑﺎ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺷﺪه در ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد‬
‫)‪ .(P=0/00‬ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ‬
‫در ﻗﺒﻞ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ‪ 171‬ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ‪131‬‬
‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ )‪.(P<0/001‬‬
‫ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران در ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ‬
‫از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ )‪ (40/02 ± 5/13‬ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺗﺌﻮري اورم در ‪ 4‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ دو‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري در ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ )‪±16/43‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﺳﺨﻨﺮاﻧﯽ‪،‬‬
‫‪ (74/41‬اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ )‪.(P=0/01‬‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن در ‪ 8‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬
‫‪ 8‬ﺑﻌﺪ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﻮد )‪.(P<0/001‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ‪ ،‬در ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﺟﺮاي ﯾﮏ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‬
‫ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺮه ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺌﻮري‬
‫)‪ ،(P<0/001‬ﺷﺪت ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ )‪،(P=0/001‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم در ‪ 8‬ﺟﻠﺴﻪ‬
‫ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ )‪ (P=0/001‬و ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﯽ ‪ 4‬ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس‬
‫ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮزﯾﻠﻪ )‪ (P=0/004‬ﮐﻤﺘﺮي و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺮه داﻧﺶ‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﺮش و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه در ﺗﺌﻮري اورم در‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي داﺷﺘﻨﺪ )‪.(P=0/001‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮص ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ‬
‫] ‪[ Downloaded from jdn.zbmu.ac.ir on 2022-08-02‬‬
‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ‪ ،‬اﻧﺠﺎم روش آﻣﻮزش ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺗﺌﻮري ‪3، Ausubel‬‬
‫ﻣﺎه ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﻫﻔﺘﮕﯽ و ﺳﭙﺲ‬ ‫‪-‬ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز دﻫﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ‬
‫ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن‬ ‫ﺗﻮرﻧﺘﻮ )‪ (Toronto‬ﺟﻬﺖ‬
‫‪ -‬آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ و‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺗﮏ ﮔﺮوﻫﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪ .10‬ﮐﺎرﯾﻠﻮ‬
‫ﺗﻮان ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻃﺮح ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺧﯿﺺ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‪/‬‬
‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ‪:‬‬ ‫آﺳﺎن و ﻏﯿﺮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ‪ ،‬ژوﺋﻦ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ و ﺗﺒﻌﯿﺖ‬ ‫‪/2021‬ﮐﻠﻤﺒﯿﺎ‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﯾﺎ ﺿﺎﯾﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ‪ 11‬ﺷﺎﺧﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﭙﺘﺎﻣﺒﺮ ﺳﺎل ‪88 ، 2019‬‬ ‫از درﻣﺎن ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫)‪(31‬‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎر دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﺮي در‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع ‪2‬‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن‬
‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺗﮏ ﮔﺮوﻫﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ‬ ‫‪ .11‬اﺑد ال‪-‬آل‪ ١‬و‬
‫دﻣﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﮏ و ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ‬ ‫ﻃﺮح ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮرﯾﻪ ﺗﺎ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‪2018/‬‬
‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮد ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ‬ ‫ژوﻻي ‪ ،2018‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي‬ ‫اﺳﺎس ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫‪/‬اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﻨﻮﻓﯿﺎ‪،‬‬
‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ )ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ‪ 110 ،‬ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اورم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺮ )‪(32‬‬
‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ در‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع ‪ 2‬در ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯿﮏ‬ ‫و ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ در‬
‫ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ (‬ ‫ﺳﺮﭘﺎﯾﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع ‪2‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬
‫)ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺧﻮد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬
‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ(‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬
‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ داﻧﺶ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﻧﻮع ‪.2‬‬
‫‪ -‬ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﻨﺪ ﺧﻮن ﻧﺎﺷﺘﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ دﻣﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺗﮏ ﮔﺮوﻫﻪ ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪ .12‬ارﺑﺎب‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺮم ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ‪ 36‬ﺳﻮاﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻃﺮح ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ‪ 42 ،‬ﺑﯿﻤﺎر‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‪/‬‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ در ‪ 8‬ﺑﻌﺪ )‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎرداري‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ‬ ‫‪/2017‬زاﺑﻞ(‬
‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ(‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ‬ ‫زﻧﺪﮔﯽ زﻧﺎن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫)‪(33‬‬
‫ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎرداري‬
‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل دار‬ ‫ﮐﺎرازﻣﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‬ ‫‪ .13‬اﺣﺮاري و‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي در‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‪/2020/‬‬
‫ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي‬ ‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﺮس و ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﺑﺮ زﻧﺎن‬ ‫ﮔﻨﺎﺑﺎد )‪(34‬‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ‬ ‫روش ﺑﻠﻮﮐﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي‪ ،‬ﺳﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع ‪ 2‬و‬
‫دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ‬ ‫‪ 120 ،2015‬زن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ﭼﮏ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻮن و ﭼﺮﺑﯽ ﺧﻮن‬ ‫دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع ‪ 2‬و ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ‬
‫و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﺧﻔﯿﻒ ﺗﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬اﺑﺰار ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮي ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﯿﺸﯿﮕﺎن)‪(Michigan‬‬
‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪت ﻧﻮروﭘﺎﺗﯽ‬
‫ﻫﻤﻮﮔﻠﻮﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﻠﯿﮑﻮزﯾﻠﻪ‬
‫‪1838‬‬
 ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮدي و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‬
‫ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن‬
‫در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل در‬
‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺖ )‪.(P<0/001‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﻧﻈﺮ اﺑﻌﺎد ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ‬
‫زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﻤﺎم اﺑﻌﺎد ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﻧﻘﺶ روﺣﯽ و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ‪،‬‬
‫در ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﮔﺮوه‬
‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد )‪.(P<0/05‬‬
‫] ‪[ Downloaded from jdn.zbmu.ac.ir on 2022-08-02‬‬
‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫اﺑﺘﺪا‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻓﺮم‬
‫ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اورم ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺳﭙﺲ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن ﺑﻪ ‪6‬‬
‫ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪ و‬
‫آﻣﻮزش ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ اﻟﮕﻮي‬
‫اورم ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ‪ 90-60‬دﻗﯿﻘﻪ‬
‫اﻧﺠﺎم و ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ‪12‬‬
‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﭘﯿﮕﯿﺮي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺮوري ﯾﮑﭙﺎرﭼﻪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﺌﻮري ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ‪......‬‬
‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت دﻣﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ دو ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن و‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺟﯽ‬ ‫‪.14‬‬
‫‪-‬ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ‪36‬‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن‪-‬‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ اورم ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎران‪/2017/‬اﯾﻼم‬
‫اﯾﺘﻤﯽ )‪ (sf-36‬در ‪ 8‬ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن‪ ،‬ﺳﺎل ‪80 ،2015‬‬ ‫ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران‬ ‫)‪(35‬‬
‫ﺑﯿﻤﺎر ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع ‪2‬‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع دو‬
‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯿﮏ ﻫﺎي‬
‫درﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬
‫‪1839‬‬
 1401 ‫ ﺑﻬﺎر‬،2 ‫ ﺷﻤﺎره‬10 ‫ﺳﺎل‬

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41. Sadat Hosseini A, Cheraghi
M, Shali M, Javaheri F. Neuman
theory application in solution of
Iranian nursing Education and care
challenges. Iranian Journal of
Systematic Review in Medical
Sciences. 2020; 1(1): 1-14.
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