NATIONAL

SERVICE
TRAINING
PROGRAM 2
(CWTS)
Module 6: Community
Organization and Development
 Differentiate
community from
community
development.
Enumerate and explain
the steps in organizing
OBJECTI community.

VES Explain the guidelines

for community and
strategic planning
community
development program.
OVERVIEW

This session focuses on the

guidelines for community
workers and strategic planning
as well as the steps of planning
community development
program/projects.
PERSON IS A
SOCIAL BEING
He/she cannot develop unless
he/she is a part of society. Work
together for a common interest.
BACKGROUND
Community is a dynamic entity composed of
people living in a given territory who share
common culture, needs, aspirations,
resources, lifestyles and the like bounded by
a feeling of belongings and interacting with
one another in consonance with its structure
and institution to achieve common goals.
(Norman, 1998)
 Community organization is a process
BACKGR forged along people’s empowerment
and the essential information of a self-
OUND reliant organization that will facilitate
development in a sustainable manner
(Norman, 1998)
 People’s empowerment

GOALS
IN Building organization

ORGANIZ Building alliances/coalitions

ING THE
COMMU Popular democracy
NITY (
NORMAN, Social transformation

1998 )
Leaders in development
 Note: Use the pages 42 & 43 of
the NSTP 2 book by Del Rosario
et. al. for more references.

STEPS IN Entry in the Community

ORGANIZ
ING THE Integration with the people

COMMU
NITY Community Study or Situation
Analysis

Identifying and Developing

Potential Community Leaders
STEPS IN
Note: Use the
pages 42 & 43 of Core Group
the NSTP 2 book by Formation
ORGANIZ Del Rosario et. al.
for more references.

ING THE
COMMU Setting up and
Developing the Strengthening the

NITY Organizational
Structure
Organization
COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
Community is a planned and
organized effort to assist
individuals to acquire the
attitudes, skills, knowledge, and
general capabilities required in
their democratic participation
in the effective solution of
community problems in an
order of priority determined by
increasing level of competence.
THE AIMS & OBJECTIVES OF
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

The aim of community

development is a community
action. In reality, the primary
object of community development
is to;
• Promote
• Sustain
• Support
• Maintain Community Action
MAJOR PURPOSES/
OBJECTIVES OF COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT

To help people employ the right

methods to organized self-help
initiatives.

To develop techniques relevant to the

situation for socio-economic and
cultural progress.
PRINCIPLES OF
DEVELOPMENT
Development should focus on
peoples participation.

Development should be attuned

to the demands of the people.

Development should be based

on a theory that is tested,
validated and relevant.
PRINCIPLES OF
DEVELOPMENT
Development should be integrated in
approach.

Development should lead to the

empowerment of the people.

Development should sustain the natural

environment as a socio-economic base.
FIVE ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
1. A focus on the goals and needs of the
community.
2. The encouragement of self-help.
3. Technical assistance from governmental
or voluntary organizations which may
include personnel, equipment, supplies
and money
FIVE ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
4. Integration of various specialties such as
agricultural, animal industry/ husbandry,
public health, education, home economics,
and work.
5. Felt needs of the people in the community.
FOUR GENERAL PHASES OF BASIC
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT/
ORGANIZATION WORK (ANDRESS,
1994)
Isssue/ problem identification and information
dissemination.

Mobilization of people/community.

Organization

Education
GUIDELINES FOR COMMUNITY
WORKERS (NORMAN, 1998)

Work with the poor and oppressed, not for them.

Development is an awakening process.

Let the people grow.

Build up the people’s solidarity.

Build up the people’s organization.

BIBILIOGRAPHY
Del Rosario, Resurrection A. et al. NSTP: Call to Serve. Bulacan:
TCS- Publishing House, 2010.
NATIONAL SERVICE
TRAINING PROGRAM
2 (CWTS)
Module 5: Community Needs Assessment
Objectives

To understand the meaning of needs

assessment. Learned the various step to follow
in assessing the needs of the adopted
barangays/ community. Appreciate the
relevance of needs assessment before making
an action plan for barangay/community. Develop
needs assessment tools that will be used for
assessing the needs of the barangays/
community.
Overview
■ This session
focuses on the
needs of
individual or a
group of
individuals in
order to design a
program that will
respond
effectively top the
needs and bring
about the desired
changes in
behavior.
Community Needs
Assessment
■ Needs assessment is an important
first step in designing and
developing an effective community
project or program.
Community
Needs
Assessment

■ The needs
assessment is a
process used to
determine the needs
of individuals or a
group of individuals
in order to design a
program that will
response effectively
top the needs and
bring about desired
changes in behavior.
Community Needs
Assessment
■ Needs assessment is both a process and a method. As a
process, it can build leadership, group unity, and a sense
of local involvement in the community. As a method this
is a tool that helps a community plan for the
implementation strategies.
Importance of Needs
Assessment

1. Needs assessment
studies allow citizens
groups or a
sponsoring agency to;

2. Gather information 3. Determine how

about citizen attitudes citizens ranks issues,
and opinions regarding problems, and
precisely defined opportunities in order
issues, problems or of importance and
opportunities. urgency.
Importance of Needs
Assessment
3. Give citizens a voice in determining policy,
goals and priorities.

4. Determine citizens support for initiatives.

5. Evaluate current programs and policies.

6. End speculation about “what people are

thinking” or “what people really want.”
Steps Involve in Conducting a
Community Needs Assessment

In general, completing a comprehensive

needs assessment requires the
assessors to;
1. Identify the goals of the needs
assessment.
2. Form and established a needs
assessment committee or team to
solicit citizens and community
involvement and develop a plan of
action.
 3. Determined the
community to be
Steps assessed and list
Involve in important issue to be
Conducting addressed.
a
Community
Needs 4. Identify the
Assessmen population to be
t surveyed and select a
random sample of
persons to survey.
Steps Involve in Conducting a
Community Needs Assessment

5. Determine the information 6. Conduct a review of past and

that is needed. current programs and activities.
Steps 7. Select a community needs
assessment tool/s.
Involve in • Survey
Conducting • Interviews
a • Focus Group
Community • Secondary Data Analysis
Needs
Assessmen
t
Steps Involve in Conducting
a Community Needs
Assessment
■ Assets mapping
■ Consultation
■ Test and Direct Observations
■ Identify Existing Community Resources
■ Develop and Pretest Questionnaire
■ Gather and Collect key information from and
about the target audience/s.
 Steps
Synthesize and analyzed all Implement the assessment Involve in
Conducting
assembled data using the selected tool/s and
analyzed the data and results.

a
Community
Needs
Assessmen
t
Prepare report detailing the
result and use report to
determine appropriate
community intervention/s or
program.
 Report Report the results

Steps
Involve in
Conducting
a Identify Identify possible solutions
Community and growth opportunities.

Needs
Assessmen
t
Generat Generate and communicative
e your developed community
program.
Bibliography

■ Del Rosario, Resurrection A. et al. NSTP: Call to Serve.

Bulacan: TCS- Publishing House, 2010.
NATIONAL
SERVICE
TRAINING
PROGRAM 2
(CWTS)
MODULE 4: CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY IMMERSION
OBJECTIVES

• Realize of understanding the dynamics of a

community and community immersion as a
way to realize the objectives of NSTP; and
Practice the standard operating procedures
and established protocols governing
community immersion.
 OVERVIEW
THIS SESSION FOCUSES ON THE CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES UNDERPINNING
COMMUNITY AND COMMUNITY IMMERSION.
WHAT IS A
COMMUNITY?

• According to Arlien
Johnson, “community
refers to a group of
people gathered
together in any
geographic area, large or
small, who have
common interest, actual
or potentially recognized
in the social welfare field.
”
ELEMENTS OF
A COMMUNITY

• Demographics
(characteristics of
populations) tell a lot
about the movement of
a population in the
community that will
serve.
History allows you to identify
certain patterns of change
and people’s way of adapting
to these change that can be
useful in plotting your
activities.

ELEMENTS
Culture
OF A
COMMUNIT
Y

Economy and Structures.

 • Community immersion is
an essential strategy in
community organizing
work that entails
WHAT IS A understanding of the
COMMUNITY different community
concerns, process,
IMMERSION? dynamics and lifestyle
through exposure and
engaging in different
activities.
WHAT IS A COMMUNITY
IMMERSION?
• Community Immersion in NSTP is devised as
strategy in molding and conscientizing
students just so that they be socially aware
and responsible to their communities.
In view of the fact that
immersion is a major
concern in development
work, trainees may find it
significant to be guided by WHAT IS A
the ff. percepts; COMMUNIT
Y
1. Trainees should immerse
in actual community life to IMMERSION?
get to know the social,
political and economical
situation of the people.
WHAT IS A
COMMUNITY
IMMERSION?

2. Trainees may also

undergo certain changes
like increase in knowledge
about the social realities,
development of good
values, empathy towards
other people,
improvement of social
skills among others.
WHAT IS A COMMUNITY
IMMERSION?

4. Trainees must recognize

people resiliency and does
3. Trainees should identify not rob them of their right
the community people’s to have community
interest and aspirations. participation and
determination of
appropriate courses of
action.
 5. Trainees should be aware of again-
WHAT IS A negotiate sanction- the acceptance
COMMUNITY derived from community relations
IMMERSION? couples with the right to conduct
immersion activities.
WHAT IS A
COMMUNITY
IMMERSION?

6. Trainees must reflect on

how their social analysis of
the current situation is
concretized in community
peoples lives. The analysis
should have as much
meaning for the trainees
as for the community.
FORMS OF INTEGRATION IN
COMMUNITY IMMERSION

Home visits Living with selected families Sharing in household and

preferably with individuals or community activities (cooking with
groups. the community host clean-up drive)
GAIN OF
NSTP-
CWTS 1. Opportunity for the trainees to
STUDENT comprehend peoples lives because of
FROM the change given to them to see real
COMMUNIT life situation, live, identify and
associate with the people therein;
Y
IMMERSIO
N
GAIN OF
NSTP-
CWTS
STUDENT 2. Gain social acceptance derived from
FROM community relations coupled with the
COMMUNIT right to offer services;
Y
IMMERSIO
N
GAIN OF
NSTP-
CWTS 3. Enhance experiences in conducting
STUDENT asset mapping such as identifying
geographic coverage, point out
FROM resource and the use; and the
COMMUNIT relationships of people with the
Y existing resources;
IMMERSIO
N
GAIN OF NSTP-CWTS STUDENT
FROM COMMUNITY IMMERSION

4. Established rapport and relation with 5. Develop their conscientization ability.

different people who may be of help to them
at some future time.
GAIN OF NSTP-CWTS
STUDENT FROM
COMMUNITY
IMMERSION

6. Acquire first-hand
experience in dealing with
community works; and

7. Chance to learn life

skills that will enrich and
better their persons.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Del Rosario, Resurrection A. et al. NSTP: Call to Serve. Bulacan:

TCS- Publishing House, 2010.