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Common 5 Use Hand Tools
Common 5 Use Hand Tools
MATERIAL
Sector:
CONSTRUCTION
Qualification:
SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) NC I
Unit of Competency:
Use Hand Tools
Module Title:
Using Hand Tools.
You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered
in this learner's guide because you have:
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they may become part of the evidence you can present for RPL. If you are not
sure about the currency of your skills, discuss this with your trainer.
This module was prepared to help you achieve the required competency,
in Utilize Electronic Media in Facilitating Training. This will be the source of
information for you to acquire knowledge and skills in this particular trade
independently and at your own pace, with minimum supervision or help from
your instructor.
Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the
Training of this unit. Read through the module carefully. It is divided
into sections, which cover all the skills, and knowledge you need to
successfully complete this module.
Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section. Read information sheets and complete the self-check.
Suggested references are included to supplement the materials
provided in this module.
Your trainer will tell you about the important things you need to
consider when you are completing activities and it is important that
you listen and take notes.
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Use the self-check questions at the end of each section to test your
own progress. When you are ready, ask your trainer to watch you
perform the activities outlined in this module.
As you work through the activities, ask for written feedback on your
progress. Your trainer keeps feedback/ pre-assessment reports for
this reason. When you have successfully completed each element,
ask your trainer to mark on the reports that you are ready for
assessment.
When you have completed this module (or several modules), and
feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, your trainer will
arrange an appointment with registered assessor to assess you. The
results of your assessment will be recorded in your competency
Achievement Record.
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LIST OF COMPETENCIES
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MODULE OF INSTRUCTION
Introduction:
Learning Outcomes:
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Performance Criteria:
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Learning Outcome 1 : Select hand tools.
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA :
2. Unsafe or defective tools are identified and marked for repair according
to procedure.
CONTENTS
CONDITIONS:
Hand tools
o Hacksaws
o Hammers (ball peen, chipping)
o Punches
o Screwdrivers
o Wrenches
o Scrapers
o Chisels
o Gouges
o Files
o Clamps
Supplies/materials
o - Pencil/paper
o - Reference books
o - Learning materials/module
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o - OHP/transparencies
o - Video/multi-media materials
METHODOLOGIES:
Lecture/demonstrations
Self pace learning
Group discussion
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
Written/oral
Direct observation
Interview
Demonstration
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5.1-1
3. Read Information Sheet 5.1-2 on If you have some problem on the
“Hand tools and defects.” content of the information sheet
don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator
4. Answer Self Check 5.1-2 Check your answer with Answer Key
5.1-2
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Information Sheet 5.1-1
1. Measuring tools
A tool use for measuring physical quantity of distance (ex. Push pull rule
steel tape, Caliper etc.. )
2. Holding tools
Tools for holding firmly any material that has to be cut. (ex. vise grip, C-
clamp and bench vise)
3. Cutting tools
4. Driving Tools
Driving tools include a variety of steel tools used to install,
repair and maintain a variety of constructions. Drivers are used to drill,
insert and drive screws, nuts and bolts into surfaces with mechanical and
manual force. Tools defined as drivers include hammers, screwdrivers, mauls
and sledges
Measuring Tools
Pull-push rule. This flexible rule when extended will support itself, but
may also be used to measure curved, irregular
surfaces. Steel tape rule blade is usually ½ inch
wide and 72 inches long. The graduation is
sixteenths, except for the first 6 inches which
are graduated in thirty-seconds of an inch
Steel tape is similar to a steel tape rule except for its flexible number of
feet that are marked on the tape. The tape is 3/8 inch wide and available in
lengths from 25 to 100 feet.
Steel rule. This is the most common tool used in tool room. It is made of
tampered steel about 1/8 inch thick and ¾ inch wide and 6 to 12 inches long.
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The same style maybe obtained in length from 1 to 48 inches.
Micrometer caliper.
Is a precision measuring instrument
used to measure dimensions in thousandths of an inch.
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Vernier caliper is a precision
measuring instrument used to measure the inside, outside diameter, as well as
depth of hole and slot. Dividers. These are used for measuring or setting of
distances, and to lay out arcs and
Holding Tools
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using an over-center toggle action. One side of the handle includes a bolt that
is used to adjust the spacing of the jaws, the other side of the handle
(especially in larger models) often includes a lever to push the two sides of the
handles apart to unlock the pliers. Locking pliers are available in many
different configurations, such as needle-nose locking pliers, locking wrenches,
locking clamps and various shapes to fix metal parts for welding. They also
come in many sizes
Drill vise is a sturdy steel vise with movable jaw that easily goes back or
forth by raising the handle
Hand vise V block with clamp is used to hold metal stocks for small
machining operation
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Clamps are made of different sizes and appearance that are fitted to its
purpose. These devices have been designed to hold work securely which
performing skills through grinding, bending, fitting and cutting of metals. Some
types of clamps and metal vises are:
2. Tool maker clamp is used for holding small parts both at the
bench and at the machine. This tool is also known as a parallel clamp
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Tong is used to hold the metal to be forged and must be held securely
while working.
o Combination Pliers
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o Long Nose Pliers
Cutting Tools
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On hacksaws, as with most frame saws, the blade can be mounted with
the teeth facing toward or away from the handle, resulting in cutting action on
either the push or pull stroke.
Blade. It is made of thin, high grade steel usually 1.27 mm thick and
30.48cm long with an inclined row of teeth serving as cutter.
a. All hard In this type, the entire blade is hardened and tempered,
making it very brittle. Use this type in cutting steel and cast iron.
B Flexible back. In this type, only the teeth portion is hardened and
tempered, making the blade springy and less likely to break.
Files are made of high grade steel which are hardened and tempered.
Each file has rows of teeth that form, shape and finish metal by removing small
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chips and smoothing rough edges of the metal surface. They differ in length,
shape, cut and coarseness.
Kinds of files:
1. Mill file a single-cut file used for filing and finishing brass and
bronze.
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4. Round file is used primarily for enlarging holes.
6. A triangular file is used for filing surfaces that meet at least 90º. It is
exclusively used for sharpening wood saws and for smoothening
rectangular opening. It is also known as three square file.
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Cold chisel. A wedge-shaped tool used to shear, cut, and chip metal .
1. Flat chisel is used for chipping flat surfaces; cutting off rivets or
metal fasteners, thin sheets, and small bars; and for general purposes.
Its cutting edge ranges from 13 to 25mm.
2. Cape chisel has a narrow edge suited for cutting narrow grooves or
slots.
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3. Diamond-point chisel has a diamond-shaped cutting edge intended
to cut V grooves
o Round-nose chisel has a round nose cutting edge for cutting round
and semi-circular grooves.
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Scraper is used in removing points, burrs and sharp edges from metal
surface and similar parts. This tool is made of hardened steel of various shapes
that fit according to each purpose. There are bearing scrapes, flat, sharper,
three-connected scraper.
2. For scraping the surface of cylindrical bearing when fitting shafts into
place.
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3. For the removal of burrs and sharp internal edges from soft brushing and
similar parts
Kinds of Punches;
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2. Center punch has one end guard to a 90 degrees conical point.
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Driving Tools
Hammers
2. Chipping hammer is used for removing slag on weld and with two
faces, the tapered from one side and round pointed on the other side.
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Wrench is used for loosening and tightening light and heavy nuts and
bolts. There are different kinds and sizes of wrenches designed according to
uses and functions
Adjustable Wrench
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3. An open-ended wrench is one that is made to fit one size of nut
or bolt. This is the most inexpensive type of wrench that is quite
efficient in ordinary situations.
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4. A closed-end wrench is similar to a single ended wrench, but as
it entirely encloses a nut, there is a little danger of the wrench
slipping off the nut or the jaws spreading apart.
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5. Socket wrench is a tool with a usually interchangeable socket
to fit over a nut or bolt.
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Screwdriver is hand tool that is designed to turn screws. The blade is
made of steel, attached to one end of a wooden or plastic handle. The other
end is flattened to fit slots in the heads of screws on bolts. The other kinds of
screw drivers are called a Phillips screw driver and helical-ratchet screw driver
Flattened
Philips
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Self Check 5.1-1
4. 5. 6.
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6. 8. 9.
Column A Column B
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5. The most common tool used in
tool room. It is made of
tampered steel about 1/8
inch thick and ¾ inch wide and 6
to 12 inches long
1. A tooth cutting tool usually with the solid and adjustable frame.
A. Hacksaw B. Screw driver C. Hammer D. Wrench
2. Tool used for loosening and tightening light and heavy nuts and bolts.
A. Hacksaw B. Screw driver C. Hammer D. Wrench
3. This tool is used to tighten and loosen screws by pushing or pulling screws in
a rotating manner.
A. Hacksaw B. Screw driver C. Hammer D. Wrench
Part II
1. C
2. e
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3. d
4. b
5. a
Part III
1. A
2. D
3. B
There are many ways of identifying hand tools. One of these is to identify
them according to their function. However, awareness of defective and non-
defective hand tools is a primordial concern of workers/welders to be effective
in their jobs.
Below
are the
recommended practices to identify defective and non-defective hand tools.
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1. Visual inspection: Defective tools can easily be distinguished from the
functional ones through visual inspection. The physical appearance of
tools will describe such characteristics as dullness, sharpness, dismantled
parts, and unevenness of the teeth of the cutting tools.
Power tools that don't start easily. If your tool needs a couple of tries
to get going or a little "push" to get the blade spinning, don't use it. Take
the time to clean and lubricate it and if that doesn't solve the problem,
get it repaired. There are some fixes you can take on yourself, such as
replacing a belt on a sander or maybe fitting in a new switch or power
cord. But if you're not 100% sure you're up to the repair, take it to a pro.
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3. Performance: Performance of hand tools is determined not only during
the actual use but also after use to find out whether the hand tools are still
worth using.
4. Service span: Hand tools that are issued must be recorded to determine
when it was received and how long the tools have been kept in the tool
room. A hand tool which is too old is unsafe for both the students and
workers. Such tool should be marked defective and segregated from the
good ones
Self-Check 5.1-2
2. One way of checking whether hand tools are defective or non-defective is the___________.
1. Length of service
4. All defective hand tools with major defects are subjected to _________.
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1. Repair
11. Condemnation
111. Display/sample
Part II. Activity : List defective and non defective tools in the shop.
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Answer Key 5.1-2
1. A.
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. B
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LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA :
CONTENTS
CONDITION:
The students/ trainee should be provided with:
Hand tools
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Hacksaws
Hammers (ball peen, chipping)
Punches
Screwdrivers
Wrenches
Scrapers
Chisels
Gouges
Files
Clamps
Supplies/materials
o - Pencil/paper
o - Reference books
o - Learning materials/module
METHODOLOGIES:
Lecture/demonstrations
Self-pace learning
Group discussion
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
Written/oral
Direct observation
Interview
Demonstration
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Learning Outcome : Use hand tools.
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read Information Sheet 5.2-1 on If you have some problem on the
“Procedure in using different hand content of the information sheet
tools. don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
2. Answer Self Check 5.2-1 Check your answer with Answer Key
5.2-1
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Information Sheet 5.2-1
Hacksaw
2. Attach the blade to the frame by pointing the teeth away from the handle.
3. Tighten the wing nut of the handle until the blade is tight enough.
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Safety Measures: Tighten the wing nut securely enough to prevent from
buckling and breaking
1. Fasten the stock in vise with lay-out line as close as possible to the end of
the used vise jaws.
2. Stand with your feet 25 to 30 centimeters apart and one foot forward.
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3. Lean the body a little forward as shown in the drawing
1. Start the saw by guiding the blade with the thumb of your left hand while
taking one or two light strokes with your right hand.
2. Move the saw with a light steady and even motion of about 40 to 50 strokes
per minute.
3. Apply pressure during the forward stroke and release during the return
strokes.
4. Hold the stock with your left hand to avoid cuts upon sawing with your right
hand
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1. Force the metal over the vise jaws using left-hand.
2. Strike it several times near the hand with flat head of a hammer.
4. Strike the metal with the flat head of a hammer in the direction of the arrow
indicated.
Circular Bend
2. Strike the metal with a glancing blow using the flat head of a hammer until
the desired curve is obtained.
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Cold Chisel
Look at the person work with the ball peen hammer and the chisel, as shown in
the illustration above. A cold chisel will cut metals only if you strike it with the
flat head of a ball peen hammer. The complete safety protection device and
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the body position when performing the task (chiseling) are evidently done.
Wrench
Wrench is used for loosening and tightening light and heavy nuts and bolts.
There are various kinds and sizes of wrenches designed according to use and
function. It is tool steel on movable jaws.
A repair worker often uses tools to remove and replace damaged parts. The
wrenches are used to tighten and loosen the nut and bolts that hold the parts
in place. Other tools are used to hold parts for cutting, welding and other works
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Wash type of wrench is usually used for only one or two different jobs. Figure
above shows a repair worker using a box of wrench and an open-end wrench to
remove a deck lid bolt in an automobile. The ends of the wrench are offset (the
hand is lower than the handle). In this way, the worker’s hand is above the
surface of any object as the nut of bolt is turned
Screw Drivers
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Screw drivers are usually made in different sets. This tool is used to tighten and
loosen screws by pushing or pulling screws in a rotating manner. In the above
illustration, a set of standard and Phillips tips of different sizes are shown.
Screwdriver is driven by fully turning the blade in clockwise motion until the
entire screw is removed from the wood and metal. The purpose is to hold or fix
two pieces and by no chances to space apart even opposing force occurs
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Do’s and Don’ts Hand Tools
Do’s
Use tools designed to allow wrist to stay straight. Avoid using hand tools
with your wrist bent.
Ensure that workers are properly trained in the safe use of hand tools.
Use good quality tools and keep tools in good condition at all times.
Inspect tools for defects before use. Replace or repair defective tools.
Keep cutting tools sharp and cover sharp edges with suitable covering to
protect the tool and to prevent injuries from unintended contact.
Replace cracked, splintered, or broken handles on files, hammers,
screwdrivers, or sledges.
Ensure that the handles of tools like hammers and axes fit tightly into the
head of the tool.
Replace worn jaws on wrenches, pipe tools and pliers.
Redress burred or mushroomed heads of striking tools.
Pull on a wrench or pliers. Never push unless you hold the tool with your
palm open.
Point sharp tools (e.g., saws, chisels, knives) laying on benches away
from aisles and handles should not extend over the edge of the bench
top.
Maintain tools carefully. Keep them clean and dry, and store them
properly after each use.
Carry tools in a sturdy tool box to and from the work site.
Wear safety glasses or goggles, or a face shield (with safety glasses or
goggles) and well-fitting gloves appropriate for the hazards to which you
may be exposed when doing various tasks.
Use a heavy belt or apron and hang tools at your sides, not behind your
back.
Don’ts
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Do not use tools for jobs they are not intended to do. For example, do not
use a slot screw drivers as a chisel, pry bar, wedge or punch or wrenches
as hammers.
Do not apply excessive force or pressure on tools.
Do not cut towards yourself when using cutting tools.
Do not hold the stock in the palm of your hand when using a cutting tool
or a screwdriver.
Do not wear bulky gloves to operate hand tools.
Do not throw tools. Hand them, handle first, directly to other workers.
Do not carry tools in a way that interferes with using both hands on a
ladder, while climbing on a structure, or when doing any hazardous work.
If working on a ladder or scaffold, tools should be raised and lowered
using a bucket and hand line.
Do not carry a sharp tool in your pocket.
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a. hacksaw
b. bench vise
d. Chisel
e. Wrench
f. Screw Drivers
2. Demonstration
Directions: Demonstrate the use of the hand tools in Self Check 5.2-1.1 then
use the check list below as basis for judging whether the required competency
was met. Write yes or no on a separate answer sheet.
YES NO
1. Can select the correct type of blade and install the blade
correctly to the hacksaw
3. Can use chisel for cutting and chipping cold metals correctly
(Holding and hammering position)
a. Hacksaw
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1. Do tighten the wing nut securely enough to prevent the blade of the
hacksaw from buckling and breaking.
2. Attach the blade to the frame by pointing the teeth away from the
handle.
b. Bench Vise
1. Make sure that the vise is bolted securely to a bench of the table
2. Swivel base is locked.
d. Chisel
1. Place chisels safely within the plastic protective caps to cover cutting
edges when not in use
2. Wear eye protection if there is a risk of eye injury from particles
released from the workpiece or when sharpening
e. Wrench
6. Pull on a wrench or pliers. Never push unless you hold the tool with
your palm open
7. For adjustable wrench, make sure that the wrench is in a tight good fit
when use for tightening and loosening purposes to avoid wrench from
slipping during the pulling process of adjustments.
f. Screw Driver
1. Use a screw driver that has a screw tip compatible with the screw to
be removed or in set.
2. Right size of screw tip should be use to remove or inset a screw.
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LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA :
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2. Hand tools are stored in designated location in accordance with
manufacturer’s instruction/standard operating procedure.
CONTENTS:
1. Routine maintenance
Lubricating
Tightening
Simple tool repair
Hand sharpening
Cleaning
CONDITION:
The students/ trainee should be provided with:
Hand tools
Hacksaws
Hammers (ball peen, chipping)
Punches
Screwdrivers
Wrenches
Scrapers
Chisels
Gouges
Files
Clamps
Supplies/materials
Pencil/paper
Reference books
Learning materials/module
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METHODOLOGIES:
Lecture/demonstrations
Self-pace learning
Group discussion
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
Written/oral
Direct observation
Demonstration
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facilitator
4. Answer Self Check 5.3-2 Check your answer with Answer Key
5.3-2
Routine maintenance.
Some of the simple maintenance activities for hand tools, and the
maintenance schedule should be posted in a visible corner of the tool area
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where everybody can read it.
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Self-Check 5.3-1
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4. Your cold chisel is dull? What maintenance activity should you do?
C Motor overhauling
D Cleaning
A maintenance schedule
B maintenance Inspection
C an ordinary routine
D an immediate repair
1. A. Cleaning
2. C. Lubricating
3. B. Simple Repair
4. D. Sharpening
5. A. The task not too long to perform
6. D. An immediate repair.
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Information Sheet 5.3-2
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1. Delegate a place to store tools.
Clean out the junk and clutter and make a space only for tools. Figure
out how much space is needed for the amount of tools you have. Sweep away
cobwebs, dirt and other foreign matter. Get a shelving unit and store
chemicals, liquids and paint substances.
2. Find the parts and keep it close by from its main tool.
Locate cords, bits, nails and screws and organize them. Allocate plastic
bins to store smaller household tools. If you have a large tool collection,
organize by type for easy location. Keep the parts for each specific tool close
by.
The best way to do this is to store your tools in cases or toolboxes. This
creates a microclimate of sorts where it’s much easier to control the humidity
level. You can even throw in a silicon gel packet or two (those small packets of
beads you find in shoes and other products when you buy them) to help with
moisture buildup. You can even buy different size dry packs at most hardware
stores—or online—if you don’t have any on hand.
Mount commercially available racks along the wall of your storage area
to hang hand tools, cords and other equipment. Screw racks into the wall with
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screws recommended by the manufacturer and a power drill. Wind long cords
in a loop and hang from rack. Place tools on racks by the handle. Draw the
outline of the tool with a permanent marker to identify its place, or use labels
to mark the location.
For tools and appliances that have various functions, designate a library
area or bin within the storage space for user manuals and warranty sheets.
Store the booklets alphabetically and in a dry area. Type up a sheet listing all
of the books to create simple table of contents.
(5S Implementation)
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The 5S system is a lean manufacturing tool that improves workplace
efficiency and eliminates waste. There are five steps in the system, each
starting with the letter S
Clearing out unnecessary materials in step 1 (Sort) will provide the space
needed to organize the important items in step 2 (Set In Order).
Then, once the work space is de-cluttered and organized, dirt and grime can be
removed in step 3 (Shine).
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Clearly label machinery, equipment, part, jigs, tools, and their locations,
so that everything is understandable, and visible to everyone at a glance.
Don’t pile up jigs, tools, and materials without separators (shelves). They
should be picked up easily.
Self-Check 5.3-2
2. Which step in the 5 S is keeping the needed items in the correct place for
easy and immediate retrieval.
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a. Sort b. Simplify c. Sweep d. Standardize e. Sustain
4. The method by which “Sort “, “Straighten”, and “Shine” are made habitual
1. a. Sort
2. b. Simplify
3. c. Sweep
4. d. Standardize
5. e. Sustain
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INSTRUMENT FOR INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT
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Ways in which evidence will be
Witten Test
Demonstration
collected:
Interview
(tick the column)
Candidate’s Name:
Assessor’s Name:
Qualification: SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW)
NC I
Date of Assessment:
Assessment Center:
Code No.
Use Hand Tools FCAT 70 | P a g e
MEE721205
The performance of the candidate in the
Not
following assessment methods:
Satisfactory Satisfactor
Maintain Tools and Equipment
y
[Pls. check () appropriate box]
A. Demonstration with Oral
Questioning
B. Written Exam
Candidate’s
Name:
Assessor’s Name:
Assessment
Center:
Qualification: SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING
(SMAW) NC I
Code No.
Use Hand Tools FCAT 71 | P a g e
MEE721205
Unit of Use Hand Tools
Competency
Instructions for the assessor:
Date of observation:
Description of assessment
activity:
Location of assessment activity:
During the performance of skills, the If yes, tick the
candidate…. box
Identified the types and uses of construction
materials and tools
Code No.
Use Hand Tools FCAT 72 | P a g e
MEE721205
The candidate’s underpinning knowledge was:
Satisfactory Not Satisfactory
Feedback to candidate:
Code No.
Use Hand Tools FCAT 73 | P a g e
MEE721205
2. Why is it important to inspect tools prior to usage??
Answer:
Code No.
Use Hand Tools FCAT 74 | P a g e
MEE721205