LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

Portfolio of Learnings #3

Name: Princess Ishe C. Velasco Course & Section: BSED-

English2B

RIZAL’S LAST TRIP ABROAD

This is the comprehensive summary of what I have learned in the group 3’s
report. Rizal set off for Manila on the "Espana" on July 31, 1896, stopping in the
charming cities of Dumaguete, Cebu, Ilo-ilo, Capiz, and Romblon.On August 3, 1896,
he embarked on a trip from Cebu to Iloilo. The ship carrying Rizal went to Capiz after
leaving Iloilo. It made a brief halt, then proceeded to Romblon, from which it sailed to
Manila. Isla de Luzon, a regular steamer, had departed for Spain the day before he
arrived in Manila Bay. It eluded him. He was held as a "guest" as they awaited the next
ship to Spain on board the Spanish cruise ship Castilla. Rizal stayed there for one
month while he waited for another boat to transport him to Spain.
The Philippine Revolution began when Fr. Mariano Gil told the Spanish
authorities when he learnt about the Katipunan's secret club. Andres Bonifacio and the
Katipunan cried out for revolution at the Balintawak hills on August 26, 1896. By ripping
their cedulas, they rendered the evidence inadmissible.

Governor General Blanco sent Rizal two letters before he left for Spain on
August 30, 1896, the day the state of war was proclaimed in the eight provinces. To the
Minister of Colonies and the Minister of War, these letters acted as introductions. The
day before leaving, Rizal wrote to his mother. Rizal transferred to the steamer Isla de
Panay on September 2, 1896, as it sailed towards Barcelona, Spain. Finally, the
steamer departed Manila Bay on September 3, 1896, signaling the start of Rizal's final
voyage to Spain. Don Pedro Roxas, a wealthy Manila Creole industrialist, his buddy,
and his son Periquin were among the other passengers on board..

On September 7, 1896, while Rizal was in Singapore, the Isla de Panay docked.
The following morning, Rizal and the other travelers went ashore to explore and shop
for souvenirs. Singapore has changed significantly since Rizal's first visit there in 1882,
as he noted in his writing: "I have observed some changes, there are more Chinese
merchants and less Indians," and "I bought a Chinese gown." Rizal was persuaded to
stay behind as well and benefit from British legal protection, as was Don Pedro. Rizal
overlooked it because he believed the governor general was conveying an honorable
message. Don Manuel Camus and a number of Filipino Singaporeans saved his life.
Spanish deceit succeeded in getting Rizal. By refusing to violate his oath of duty in
Singapore,
Governor Rizal sealed his own doom because he was unaware that Governor
Blanco was secretly plotting his death with the Ministers of War and the Colonies.
Despite all of his extraordinary talents, Rizal was a mortal man who committed errors.
One of his major mistakes was believing Governor General Blanco to be a friend and a
man of honor. When Rizal arrived in Barcelona, the Ministers of Colonies and War were
exchanging telegrams and covert letters asking for his arrest and alerting them that he
was a deportee who was being kept under cover.

RIZAL ARRESTED BEFORE REACHING BARCELONA

As he understood his deception, Rizal was stunned by the news. There was no
official word yet; the impending arrest was still just a shipboard rumor. He was officially
informed by Captain Alemany on September 30, 1896, around 4:00 p.m., that he should
remain in his cabin pending further orders from Manila. He carried out orders. Arrival in
Barcelona as a prisoner at 6:25 o'clock.

The Isla de Panay arrived in Barcelona on October 3, 1896. Rizal was detained in
his cabin by former governor general Eulogio Despujol, who is now the military
commander of Barcelona and was responsible for sending him into exile in Dapitan. On
October 4, Rizal participated in the celebration of St. Francis of Assisi's feast day in the
city. On October 6, Rizal was led to the infamous prison-fortress known as Montjuich in
Madrid. He was then moved to the ship Colon after his stay there. Rizal was traveling
on the Colon, which was crammed with officers and troops. At 8:00 p.m. The ship left
Barcelona on October 6th.

MISFORTUNES IN MADRID
In Madrid, Rizal suffered a lot of misfortunes. Rizal arrived in Madrid in August 1890
to demand justice for his family and the tenants of Calamba. He asked the Filipino
colony, the Hispano-Filipina Association, and the liberal Spanish newspapers for
assistance.

On September 6, 1890, Rizal received shocking news from his brother-in-law

Silvestre Ubaldo: a copy of the Dominicans' eviction order against him and other tenants
at Calamba. He discovered the expulsion of Paciano (Rizal), Antonio (Lopez), Silvestre
(Ubaldo), Teong (Mateo Elejorde), and Dandoy (a relative of Dr. Rizal) from his sister
Saturnina. He also discovered that their parents had been expelled against their will
from their home.
 Jose Ma, August 19, 1990. In Barcelona, Panganiban passed away from a
protracted illness. He was Rizal's very talented coworker in the Propaganda Movement.
Rizal picked up a pen and wrote a magnificent eulogy to Panganiban while grieving.

Rizal attended a social gathering of Filipinos in Madrid at the end of August

1890. Antonio joined the group for this reunion, where he became more animated and
inebriated. Due of his unfulfilled passion for Nellie Boustead, Luna was bitter at the
moment. He is blaming Rizal for his failure, despite the fact that Rizal has already stated
that nothing went wrong. Rizal became enraged after hearing Luna criticize Nellie, and
he challenged Luna. On another occasion, Wenceslao E. Retana, a gifted Spanish
scholar who was at the time a press representative for the friars in Spain, was
challenged by Rizal.

Rizal was one of the Filipinos he used to attack. When he read this, Rizal was
roused into action and sent seconds to Retena with his challenge to duel, saying that
only Retana's blood or his apology could restore the good name of Rizal's family and
friends. One day, he wrote an article in which he claimed that the family and friends of
Rizal had failed to pay their rents, leading to their eviction from their lands in Calamba.
Retana acknowledged his error, however, and published an apology in the media. His
seconds had forewarned him that, in a duel, he stood no chance against Rizal because
the latter was superior to him in both pistol and sword.

On February 15, 1891, Blumentritt, Rizal's closest friend, consoled him by

telling him that, despite all the bad luck he had already had, his sweetheart had finally
deserted him. Blumentritt's wife struggles to understand how a lady Rizal has treated
with respect could possibly leave him. In May 1891, Bluementritt wrote Rizal another
letter of comfort, telling him that a woman like Leonora was not what he deserved.

In the final days of 1890, Rizal and del Pilar engaged in an ugly struggle for
dominance. The indisputable head of the Filipinos in Europe up until that point was
Rizal, the most gifted Filipino of his day. The brave lawyer-journalist del Pilar, on the
other hand, was rising in stature in Madrid thanks to his scathing editorials in La
Solidaridad. Rizal and Del Pilar fought for the cause of reform and were called
Responsable.

About 90 Filipinos met in Madrid on January 1st, 1891 to resolve their disputes and
advance the reform movement in an effort to stop the split between Rizal and del Pilar.
It was decided at this meeting that the title of leader should be Responsible. be chosen
to direct the affairs of the Filipino community and establish the editorial policies of La
Solidaridad. The Responsible should be chosen by the Filipino community with a two-
thirds majority. An election was held in the first week of the month of February 1891.
The two political parties among Filipinos were the Rizalistas and the Pilaristas. On the
third day of voting, Mariano Ponce made an emotional and persuasive plea to his fellow
countrymen to support Rizal. Rizal won that day and was called "Responsible," yet he
graciously declined the coveted position. He had no desire to govern a divided people.
He made the decision to leave his position of power rather than incite conflict and
resentment among his people.

ROMANCE WITH NELLY BOUSTED.

On March 29, 1891, the evening before his flight from Biarritz to Paris, he finished
drafting the manuscript for El Filibusterismo. On March 30, 1891, Rizal waved the kind
and welcome Bousteads farewell before boarding a train for Paris. On April 4, 1891,
Rizal addressed a letter to his friend Jose Ma. Basa, who is presently visiting Hong
Kong from Paris, says he would like to settle there and practice ophthalmology there.

In the middle of April 1891, Rizal visited Brussels once more. As a result of his jealous
countrymen's planning, Rizal lost control of the Propaganda Movement or reform
crusade in Madrid in January 1891. On May 1, 1891, Rizal notified the Manila
Propaganda officials of his decision to discontinue his monthly payment and instead
spend the money for a more important cause. The letter to Mr. A.L. Lorena contained
the communication from Rizal (pseudonym of Deodato Arellano). On May 30, 1891, a
substantial amount of revising was done to El Filibusterismo's final text. On June 13,
1891, Rizal informed Basa of his discussions with a printing firm.

EL FILIBUSTERISMO PUBLISHED IN GHENT

Jose Rizal started composing El Fili in October 1887 while working as a doctor in
Calamba. In 1888, he revised the story in London and added more characters in Madrid
and Paris.
He completed his work at Biarritz on March 19, 1891. Rizal left for Ghent on July 5,
1891, from Brussels because:
1. compared to Brussels, printing costs were lower there; and
2. to get away from Petite Suzanne's alluring allure.
Rizal's rivals were Edilberto Evangelista of Manila and Jose Alejandro of the Pampa
region.

In the same way that the novel in Noli was put on hold on August 6 due to a lack of
funding, Rizal put his book on hold. However, when he realized that there were still
others who loved his country, Valentin Ventura in Paris gave him the money he needed
to resume the book. And it was released from the press on September 18, 1891.

OPHTHALMIC SURGEON IN HONG KONG

His buddy and colleague surgeon, Lorenzo P. Marques, an ophthalmic surgeon

who worked in Hong Kong, helped him build up a sizable clientele and was always
willing to take on new eye issues. He made it possible for Rizal's mother to finally see
her vision. He additionally published Ang Karapatan ng Tao published in Hong Kong.
The Kababayans are the "Spanische Nation." Rizal went to Hong Kong after the book
was published in Europe. Due to the following factors, he departed Europe: a) His
political differences made living in Europe uncomfortable.
He landed in Hong Kong on November 20, 1891, and his Filipino relatives greeted
him there. Rizal submitted a request on December 1st, 1891, seeking permission to
return to the Philippines. Along with Neneng, Sisa, Lucia, Paciano, and his father, 25
inhabitants of Calamba were detained. He wrote to his parents on December 1st, 1891,
requesting their consent to return home. The sad news of the "deportation of twenty-five
persons from Calamba, including father, Neneng, Sisa, Lucia, Paciano, and the rest of
us" was conveyed to him in a letter from his brother-in-law, Manuel T. Hidalgo, on the
same day. He also mentioned that he was composing a letter to the Queen Regent of
Spain outlining the Calamba situation in order to obtain justice.

He was delighted to see his father, brother, and brother-in-law Silvestre Ubaldo
arrive in Hong Kong before Christmas in 1891.

His mother, sisters Lucia, Josefa, and Trinidad soon followed. Doa Teodora, who
was 65 years old and nearly blind, suffered greatly at the hands of the Spaniards when,
in 1890, she was detained on the tenuous suspicion that she had used the surname
Realonda; in spite of her advanced age and blindness, the police made her trek from
Calamba to Santa Cruz.

Rizal worked as a doctor to provide for his family and himself. In the long run,
Rizal's aptitude as an eye surgeon helped him gain notoriety. Dr. Lorenzo P. Marques,
who aided Rizal in starting the company, was the man in charge of his clientele. As time
passed, Rizal's name gained notoriety. American, British, Chinese, and Portuguese
people were among his numerous patients.