Notes Geography A.Association of Southeast Asian Nations ( ASEAN ) Acronym ~ 10 Members of ASEAN gerne naeens Association of Southeast Asian Nations. Indonesia Malaysia Cambodia Singapore Thailand Laos Brunei Philippines Vietnam Myanmar Aims and Purposes ( Multiple Choice Questions) ° ° ° To acclerate the economic growth,social progress and cultural development. To promote reginal peace and stability. To promote active collaboration and mutual assistance on matter of common interest. To provide assitance to each other in the front of training and research facilities. To collaborate more effectively To promote Southeast Asian studies.© To maintain close and benefical coperation Fundamental Principles Mutual respect for independences, intergrity, territorial and natinal identity of all nations. The right of every state to lead its national existnace free form external interference or subversion Non-interferences in the internal affairs of one another Settlement of differences or disputes by peaceful manner Renunciation of the threat or use of force. Effective cooperation among themselves Country/Nation - Capital~ Country / Nation Capital Myanmar Naypyidaw Thailand Bangkok Laos Vientiane Cambodia Phnom Penh Vietnam Hanoi Philippines nila Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan Singapore Singapore Indonesia Jakarta East Timor Dili10 Member of ASEAN © 8 August 1967 Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand 7 Januuary 1984 Brunei Darussalam 28 July 1995 Vietnam Laos & Myanmar 23 July 1997 30 April 1999 eo o00000000000 B Southeast Asia or Southeastern Aisa ( SEA) |. Southeastern sub-region of Asia Northern Hemisphere- The majority of the sub-region of Asia Ill, Southern Hemisphere 1 2 Mainland Southeast Asia © Kingdom of Cambodia © Lao People’s Democratic Republic © Socialist Republic of Vietnam © Kingdom of Thailand © Peninsular Malaysia ( Malaysia ) © Republic of the Union of Myanmar Maritime Southeast Asia Andaman and Nicobar Islands ( India ) Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste Republic of Indonesia Republic of Singapore Republic of Philippines Negara Brunei Darussalam > East Malaysia 000000Country: Timor leste Capital and largest city: Dili Facts: © 21% Century first new country * Highest moutain- Mount Tatamailau © Longest river- Loes River * First and only natinal park- Nino Konis Santana National Park * One of the world’s poorest countries in the world. ‘* Seven-tenths of the population is rural Economy: * Least developed * Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy Country:Cambodia Capital and largest city: Phnom Penh Facts: + Indochina peninsula * Agriculture * International borders: Thailand Laos and Vietnam * Bounded by Gulf of Thailand © Highest peak- Phnom Aural © River- Mekong river: trans-boundary river © Begins from the tibetan Plateau © The mekong river runs through China,Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, and ends at Vietnam+ Tonle Sap Lake is Southeast Asia's largest freshwater lake. © Country's population live in the lowlands * Agricultural lands highly fertile + Deforestion and over-exploitation Economy: * Developing/Emerging * Open merket system * Textiles and tourism- two largest industries ‘+ Agriculture activities remain the main source of income for many Cambodians living in rural areas. Thailand Country:Thailand Capital and largest city: Bangkok + Middle of mainland Southeast Asia + Land border with Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos and Malaysia. © Controls the only land route from Asia to Malaysia and Singapore. © Chao Phraya River is main river system ‘+ Highest point: Doi Inthanon «Longest river: Chi River + Largest lake: Songkhla Lake + “heartland”, central Thailand often termed as “the rice bow! of Asia” ‘* Metropolitan- the focal point of trade, transport, and industrial activity. ‘* Fruit is a major component of agriculture is Eastern Thailand. * Western Thailand- Near Cambodia and Laos ‘* Hosts much of Thailand’s less-disturbed forest areas. ‘* Southern Thailand- Near Malaysia * Part of a narrow peninsula. Economy ‘© Developing/emerging ‘+ Newly industrialized country‘* Largest exporter of computers and computer components in ASEAN ‘* World's second-biggest maker of hard disk drives after China. * Leader in automotive production and sales. ‘© Third largest rice exporter worldwide in 2020/2021. © Third largest cane sugar producer ‘+ Second largest net-exporter of sugar producer. Country: Laos Capital and largest city: Vientiane * The only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. * Heart of the Indochinese Peninsula. * Buffer state between more powerful neighboring, a crossroads for trade and communication neighboring * The Mekong, Mekong River - Trans boundary river in East Asia and Southeast Asia. * An important source of transport network. Highest mountain- Phou Bia One of the four “Golden Triangle” Lake- Nong Fa Lake Largest and widest waterfall: Khone Phapheng Falls Economy © Developing/Emerging © One of the poorest countries in Southeast Asia * Depends on investment and trade with its neighbours. * Neighbours: China, Thailand and Vietnam «Tourism is the fastest growing industry * Rich in mineral resources Country: Malaysia Capital and largest city: Kuala Lumpur Administrative Capital: Putrajaya © Thirteen states and three federal territories* Separated by the South China Sea into two regions, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo’s East Malaysia * Moutain: Mount Kinabalu * Highest mountain range: Crocker Range in Sabah * Southernmost point of continental Eurasia and Peninsular Malaysia is Tanjung Piai * Straits of Malacca is the most important shipping lane in the world * Natural resources: Petroleum * Liquefied natural gas * Tin, timber, copper, iron, ore, and bauxite «Timber can be found in vast jungles, especially East Malaysia + Palim oil plantations, rubber plantations and paddy fields (First is Indonesia, second is Malaysia) Economy * Developing/Emerging * Anewly industrialized market economy, which is relatively open and state- oriented * Exports the second largest volume and value of palm oil products globally after Indonesia = One of the largest producers and exporters of rubber and other rubber products. * World's largest Islamic bank and financial center. * World's leading supplier of medical gloves (examination and surgical gloves), supplying more than 50 % of the global demand. * Electrical and electronics industry is the leading sector in Malaysia's manufacturing sector. Country: Brunei Capital and largest city: Bandar Seri Begawan Two unconnected parts with the island of Borneo and the borders of Malaysia * Highest point: Bukit Pagon * Longest river: Belait River * Longest lake: Tasek Merimbun * Largest oilfields in Southeast Asia Economy * Developing and Emerging* Ahigh-income market economy * Third-largest oil producer in Southeast Asia