31 4M RRS Vol. 31, No.4 2011 4F 8 J) Journal of the Meteorological Sciences i AT RATE. Wer ESR LAP SPB. TRAN, 2OU1 31 (4) 2525-533. ZOU Jun,SUN Jianning, LIU Cang. Turbulence characteristics in the urban surface layer. Journal of the Metoorological Seiences, 2011 ,31(4) 525-533. Sai TT A Sh a i AS ED a Sa a (LR RACH, AR 2100835 2 RCAC HR COREE 210088) RE AMP AER AN SHE HH 325 m RB MM RR, AK DM T 47140 fo 280m = 4185 BEA i RIT AE AE BGR AC Ha AE ne Oy HE aT HOH RAMA K ,140 m fo 280 m WHR PAE EH BE, TAT mm RE eR HLHEF RATRHRR HH PRAEHARAGH WMT ROR T EE A HMA SR IHRE RAE RI MAE, RTE: AR, EI: ea BRS P2064 LAMARIRW A Turbulence characteristics in the urban surface layer ZOU Jun’ SUN Jianning* LIU Gang! (1 Schoo! of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China 2 Instiaute for Climate and Global Change Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210003 , China) Abstract Observational data from Beijing 325 m meteorological tower are used to investigate the turbulence characteristics in the urban surface layer. The turbulent variances at three levels of 47 m, 140 1m and 280 m heights are analyzed in the frame of the local similarity theory. ‘The results show that the va~ riances of wind velocity and temperature can be quite well described by the local similarity theory. How- ever, the comparison shows that the turbulence characteristics at 140 m and 280 m heights are close to each other, while the turbulence characteristies at 47 m height are different from them. ‘These results in- dicate that, since the turbulence properties in the roughness sublayer are strongly influenced by the dy- ‘namical and thermal heterogeneity of urban canopy, they are different to those in the inertial sublayer. And the turbulence statistics in the roughness sublayer and the inertial sublayer should be deseribed by the different schemes. Key words Turbulence characteristies; Urban Canopy; Roughness sublayer; Inertial sublayer; Local similarity theory 31 = OR PARMAR, SF WTAE A SU Bo j ASR IEIA NY ROL, MCAFEE BA Eh STE Sc Ae a SY FE FEIT PARE Roth’ RAM UETT T (ATG AS. PR TTR HE ‘WA MUSRTH TEE (urban canopy) , HAW AeA ES RATA MTFELE AAU ARR ER A CH A ROL BARI; Crh Pea PBST WATS TORU EM FOS JUN PRLS 5 EVR SOT TTF A a 288 Neeivel) :201105-25 fBEEHAENA[ Revised) 201-0620 LSA aR RNACML ME MHCOTS H-28) BEAL 2OIOCHEDSSOL) SWHREAE(Corespunding author}: 9817 (SUN Jinning). esa nj, ed, en526 & BUR PERCE T Hoe. Pat. eb aT WAR RT EUR EEA RE, XFS TA A Th I SEE AR FST TSB AN 1 oh J AN J ES HE AR TE Had Wie Z baa Fe ASL Oe Fe) AR BAT FY i A LE AL, AR 238 M-O HULSE ( Monin-Obukhov Similarity)! #2 Da aS ER TT AR A a Wea ALAM IL EDL VOY M-O AEB A LFF 8 Sa th FF BE RZ a AE AOL Gaba A ‘is CEFR Ew, (2) AVE AIA CIA EPR ET, (2) 2 ‘TE SHAME PEARL, MAT RC J Sh BA BIS ISIE A(z) EE Hy ih AE WE SBC = 2A (= A HTT BE) HUICAD SL AWA Re AER M-O ABADI A Hike. 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AR SCHR 2008 AF 12 F—2009 4 8 FL PAE HT THE MOI BEN, He, AIDS HERE FRE 47 140 $1 280 m = 4G AT HE SETL AE CE DET TAPE HERAT HT HH Fe LF FUE F Fe THER IE 1 WMS Re ALE 325 m WUIUME {hk F (39°S8"N, 116°22'E) , BA 1990s i Bs JA] FLEES TAR a RT Ath BRAY Sa TH HE 5 WR PPL LA BS at POLAT SIR SCR LT) APD LAER AS Fae TAUASh , FE 47 140 #11280 m 5}545 BAD HA i i CSL AE RAP LH Py 10 He, 4 30 min HAH Hil, IRB ST Rae AAR FB A I 8 ASE GRE HEAL wT") THE BE 0,0, Bo, RAE HAE oy VA BOP a A F FUE SNE 5 HATH RARE NT Ti) Aaa, ) Tb FE BRA Jeb BA EF A DEH A L(g (w' T/T PBR SEP ARTI BE (6 =0.4) ¢ HA IE (g =9.8 m-s"*) 0 Pat AY SECA HE PE AR WARGL, AM (2008 4E 12 Fi—2009 4F 2) ALLA ( 2009 4 6 }—2009 4F 8H) PLUM ET Be EIA BR LEDGE RCE A LAR SK iy A it BE AE, Hh RA ASI, BEE A EE BR Beak AIS AAA Hw, Fe (TT HAL TRACK AER BBS PT MASE R HLA HBL IU TAIRA 30d RCH IR eH AK FALL FA BOs BUS A A ECAHIE. FL 9 PMG EA AA 3 ER BE A BRAN SEAL AME ACR PE YT 3 HR a 2,3 APPS RRA A HE RE SFG BK, BL 8 a SIE 19 SEAR AN, RAR i BE BE ls Be BE 6:32 A RMS TLC ,3 (5 EH RAE EE SRECRR LW BL THU Ea Hy SCHR BOR RA Ba EARN, RAF 280 m fH SL A 30 dK Hy JAGUAR FA (a2 AoE Zt) 2 ~ 3h AHL Ag AE CL i 8 BR HR Ta ‘HE ESE BL I A Ha BET BOER TEAR BYTE PARAATRREM BEE EMR SP Hi, TR ATL ERE SL 30 d HIME AB HTT T DORE Hl, PEFEXE 30 min (SSE CHR ET FEN TE 30. min AIAN Te MUR RISE A 5 Ws ( AF 1A HH 18 0004) , BBR BRELBGAR: A SR BL BCA ( ES i He AL SLRS MERE 9 S48) eR 318 0004+) (19 0. 5% , SHB ALAR 5 MK fea BBR “Is FRB: 1 FEL AE IF Dan 8 OE TIE TR WO 2 AS we, Se BEA RAR, FLAS CSUR TE a PL mes” BE Aba FORT Fas BE BAM (BIT) SRR RSME ART HI IER TEP SAS 2, DAL , ALAS NE 3 Dba BE IE = (2 — 24)/Ao APRESS AHS), EA A FSM AYR ht Ad 1 FY a HH HE AS A APS b, Alsjiboori ALU HE MURS 8 AIT FA Bottemal™) ATE AST RITE T 4 Fe Ce md ERRATA, CH AIAN Bottema iA EDS ANSE AAS ECR EP HR af LS A A TF A AY FP ATARI A418 ABS, OE RCT SEE HU HE NE ST 527 200 ® =e ia a] = 2 = 50 ° -50 0 is 30 teat 0 0 15 seman (EDL 47 en 140 om 1-280 mf) 30 Rg A AE (0) 5) LE Fig. | Diurnal variation of sensible heat Cues a 47 m, 140 m, ancl 280 a heights averaged in the selected 30 days fan (a) winter, (1) summer SRB SSOAR E17 ] ANAL BY DT A ALS Ss BH HA AUC EE PRCA) 2 SERED 21 im Panofsky (7 BR 5th Ab HF T AHR HEAR ETP Ae its ELE Ha FG HB EE ZL RR A THEM o,/u, o,/u, oy/u, = all + bg)! EH RSE RB Bb PROF LE uA 0 HEAL 2.3 Al -0. 22,2} F EAR Io 1.25 A -3 TTL © ABIL 1/3; Clarke 45°) SLAC T iit EE VA A Ht EGE EA Hak EE Tw A IL I RSE It, ok OF EE Oy 28 /u, ft, = 2.5( -¢)'°, HEE 7 BB o/u 20- 2.50)" FEM ARE AIM ou, =1.2(1 + 2.52)" s Roth!" 3 i EF i LED 2 8 ERRRIAT aC +be)* AFB ABA 34 KBE Sb Bt TAT 4 ART Td, HEM, QUAN AL HU!) FAG 325 m BRE AT mA HEME VE AS BTR a1 + OL) FESR PRE AEE RE FR c MBBL/3, AM a Bl bY PE ACHAT; Wood 35°" EE BOE 190. mi EOL PE SPATE ULE (1 + Ag) FER, ARE RIC OY 173 ASE INR RC ¢ 2999 0.2, A RM a Ab MP IES A SS AAT TELAT Se ae rE Fe EL EIT AP GE AY CAFE RZ TB A EE BOR DES AS SOME EE ALM EIR RY HGH — BT HS AATF ZU FE A KF FEM aC + 1) HUE RP TEE 0, A ‘RAH RIERA LY BG ET TA A FBIM, WiC ALE BABE AND AF 3 ABE 1 3 ARIE STE EE oA A RRTE 1/3,, BL, ASO LY HEHE 1/3 KABILA TA — ah QUAN AUC! — Be, AR AY AE RH HT 47.140 A 280 may 3 7° EY SY TSA IR TA A) ks 47 mnie, 2 EM 3 SPIE ASI AOE A F 47 om ERDAS TOL LS TAO BI VI BS I SULCSSA SR ATPL: HDR, AR ie AEA EEN, AHR QUAN AI HU AO -RIE AEE ARTES ME, Hy AR BET SA AEA TLIO BRASIL on, $C ZH HLH FRISBEE AAR ASEH, ASR REINS HEL A 2R5 Clarke 4 \Panofsky A HiSRAE HS BEM. FREY UHL A RLS Clarke 5 (Si FEAR A ew 7, SFA EIT IK (AEE BR, AS a Panofsky “ROE RANGA 2 22H#, ~~ >1 Ht Pan- ofsky AYE LMARE HT — <1 PARA TASS SR A, FAW BEBE Clarke SFR ARTE = > 1 AE SMR We RHE HEIRS) AL He HORE Ts 5 a A EE SB PIER, MAB 47 140 F280 me (HANAFI FRLL:t8 (PRB), FATE 47 oS A EB 85140 ml 280 m PA A EMER AE] 140 m FAL 280 m ARAR-Z UA SPASMS. ULMEIE DL, 140 m 7280 1m 1901 IE i A ARIAT mm HAV — ACHE IE EAT ZA HUA. Pate, RATIE 140 m Fi) 280 m BASE PORCHES FA Wood 9% 11940) 4 ROK AFA 190 m A WENW RHE, HERG HELE 140 m Ail 280 om 2TH), BRAT HEIL A KA RE — AAT528 7 31 ah tense om es BH % tems oe » § +xna eH Sema 0 0 1080 (82 Renny 7m GK Re SMAI (a) us (Ye SPH Ce) SP ig2- Correltin betwee the variance of alent vlc and he Jel salty prune a 17 m hight under tae endl for (4), (be, (ede STC AUR 4 AILS Bas. DAE ES SHRI SHA 9 — HE I 40.45 eR HE A GEN Clarke FA Panofsky i AH HL, ABIL — ¢ >0. 1 HEH] AFAR, 6 <0. 1G HE) ALPE i BY 5 Clarke fy FATIE BEAK, (EL AP EREIE REA ELE 185 Wood IN HAH iso, Mo, CHR MEE Fo, HEB DK AR RASEIN 45 Panofsky F484 ALE Clarke SAVE A AIDE — ¢ > 1 me LW SIC, DD Rien 47 mE ORS (WAIHOER Ca) Stl: Cb)e Ares) Se Fig.3 Careationbetweon the variance f talent slay ad the local stably paraneter t 47 ight under abe conan er (a), (be, (ed Wood S24 REL AER AIA or, HEAR SE To, MEEK, II2-5 MTL, o/u. o,/ as oJ ~ aL + Og) A ARR FM tO BE HH 5 Wh Me BSE SZ A AY AT KAR UE CHUTE <0. 1) IRE UE — fei BE Dy A A BOC, ABH HEC 1 BOARD AC ) EYE — A a IE BEEK. ATA AMAA RSE c HHL/3,, MG PRE Pa A a ES TE i AE a 20 OAT ALEaw SS 5 AN UE eA 529 @ tase rete « Pua yim2 A asi 40 ig Same aig 2 bt fr lee o 140 280 m big Hy GHP HY A EAS i IE AEA EAE SD, WADE AIRE RAHEA LEIE REG HA A ERIN HE THE ABI F QUAN Fal HU! LI Wood 35° 12% Bo EF HR DEAE fl — SI ST, EI aL + ogy HOARE RBC a Hee Bg =0) 50 — fi I Dy 2 A IA EQ LAS BEATA GM PHeR 0 (OEMS. BRL PT IR, A A EH AOL A AE a, ANH 0, 0 EH 0, AE REAE 47 m HE AEAE 140 ~280 m, Hs UA EE OR To (ELBE EOC R16 ) AOL 18 ) HO 2A Ae A MO), AG EE Ae ES ‘G3 RP €15 9 140 ~280 m Fig 5 Same fig 3 but fr eel of 140 ~280 m beige AALS A 8 Wa 8 LY A SABE FOTO As AA IRS I, A SELAEASE 0. A oy, 1 a (ELAN (FEMALE, HH wu SPHLAL v FERAL; SAIL HY ER i SRP i i A IE AA SEE EAP RSE AE HE A ROASTS AS cAI Ss, PI A RF AT mm $5 140 ~ 280 om Ai REE A Ae YAR, AB i SER HB J AS oo HE 47-1 fb APL HE 140 ~280 m Ker AAI 2 SHLD Es A SE Dy DHE 47 (EOL Frm > 0.1 RRIF ETE, MAE 140 ~280 m530 “a # A F 31% Al ARBETSHHRRRTE SRMNEM ON MMR RRE Table 1 Simi relsnip between the tubule arane andthe lal abiy parameter Rm aA a aula oT iam emtaopt ane Saisie aa ae (142.077)! .80¢1 1.789) 1.4201 40.540) op 2.03(1 0.505)" 1,70(1 1.082)" 1.33(1 1.212)! -1.80( -2)- 2.26(1 +1152) 1.92(1-91.39099 1.40.1 40.466)" om a Hse sect .0 (1 $0.46) sang 2231-0.) 1,781 -0.5%7)" 1.31(1 0.650)" -1.a0--7 1.75(1 63.839)" 1.7601 63.189)! 2K(L 1.236)" 0.3658 (0.05) soi 8 asig-*® (g>0.0s #K(47m) Heer Lak BT) CL =La8 LICL =24M| "2 0.240 =_)-°" E> 0.05) kt ARI =1.456-5)-™ (< -0.08) 2S5(1 90.13)" 2.50(1 40.312) LANL e0.13)! —-2.70¢-8 (F<0.2) sah 4x s.mag-** (Z50.2) (140 ~280m) 2.2961 -0.19)"9 2.21(1 0.267) 1.311-0.499)" 1.48 -2)-** (E> -02) RE AE SUALG | > 1.0 ike TERE EFL BEBAHE 47m A A ih BHLLG 140 ~280 rm Ab AF 5h 52 BJ AE DE A BY BEE AT IR EH GR EI 9 i FEE EU EH HE AY 1S ~ 3.048 RE FEEL SE 1) a SE SS ak 22 mR RAT m BEA ERLE FA, 140 ~ 280 m SUE FUME. APR HY iii PR AE FaA RAH AES Stk (Be ZB F OA EEA ) HZ Hh EME Se HA AT Fs TT EF TIL A HOAREFE AY 5 AN SE IE BB TN APH: BE RACE Bt hE AFRO AE 47m BY A HEP ME Ty BEA MAE > 0.1 FEE) Fl ‘Fe OE Eat {EL 939 HN TARE | 140 ~ 280 m BI A ie EI Dy PEIRCE | > 1.0 FPR) A BED ‘eg JE A 9 TH, TE BRT BF AME F TH AP HENAN 2.2 ima FF 5 THs EH Jak 1 — A th BE 3, QUAN fl HU!) Wood 2" ARIAT T og PHY Hh ATER, SUDA RAR NH 1 TT, PRATER RUA — He ai CR BE Hr J 5 PH SE ES MDI SECT CEA PRL SR AER 6 irs Pic ASD AG CAS ELE JA ES LA TA RK AA FL REE AE AM 6( a) BEAK ,47 m AY —He, ‘ENE EDs FED Bs SP IG - ¢ > 0.05 YA =2.94(-2) 1" _(¢<-0.2) — Ae ik EME SE Ii i A FE BES EAL, He BE, BRA LF Ea 301-23 1 SX ( ASR aE a EL) A EA RETR BUN - 0. 34, UP RHE - 1/3, BAA — Ae it Wei BED HES MERE ESC A 71/3 HK ALIA RTL FASE QUAN ALHU) Wood SF") HUE AT HER , AR = SHR SUF As HE — ¢ <0. 05 FEI — Fe Hi UM EH FE a IE A AE A BE ea AS ON HR — 0.87, 140 ~ 280 m AY ECHR S} A THT $2 47 mA ERE, WESTER HE —¢ = 0.2, -E> 0. 2 BOA Gs Si IR JES BE — 0. 35, REAR REE - 1/3, oF 5 <0. 2 HEA PLE - 0.95, 5 47 m HY IRBE HBL - 0. 87IE HIE. TEBE ARLE F MIP 6( b) FAR JS 47m HR PREC BED SLSY BREESE ITT (ELF AG TAILS > 0. OS vt VE — Ae Bi MIRE Ao EE BRIBE He HE OE aH RL RK - 0.20,45 Wood SFiS 4 24 FR - 0. 18 IE A HEE, PARA Er ah BULP HA (AAS QUAN Al HU ft - 1/3 RAB EGE SRBEA EY € <0. O5 mrt ts AE — A i HE HR DE Do TAR EE SHITE RA AOL A SHH - 0. 83, SAREE MT FEM - 0. 87 AEH. 140 ~280 m HOR Shp th BLN AE C= 0.2 SP BEARER, g > 0. 2 BOF A Si FR JE 48 BOY - 0.29, 5 QUAN Fl HU 0H) - 1/3 ARLE REHEE HLF Wood SRAVIELA - 0. 18 UA RA MI, THC <0. 2 WERT BON 0. 83,547 m ABB. Hl AT WL HE4m A) rt EE nH RE 531 ho 1 —-fUR HEME ey Km IC (a) RANG) Fig. Carlton between the varane of tr etc the Teel aby poimete der (a) unstable enition,() table coin VELL OO ETA ELECT A | SUITE NCE Ey eA JERDUS SY SUR AT me (REA AES 140 ~ 280 m AOA MRE, A FAL FE BAHIA), ACK R Es 1g100) ALE ET EA WH, SOR EES SIE ALE HIN (1 ECC) NEE Be Ab, MEISE 5 EB MCE HI AH TAPER LAP Be A (EA AS be 47 m fYSPERACAEIC| =0.05, if 140 ~280 m A SPER AUDCELC! 0.2, RWI T ALF SEP waxetH HEH. (281 BEAM ABET AFA I MAS ELEML OAV, AES 8 AVE AEF A i EB A FLARE NUL, CHL c10 nt, Wg"? se 528 M-O HILAL EAA I, WSL PA HEA ME ME RF ATE Bory =T SL) AEE MEADE FT, 0a eI HT, = Cu), HE PRUE Goo!) HR, Win 7, IHR) AE MO LSB HP FO) 5 (HC Jn Monin #81 Yglom 3 KO) 1), ERE p10, EEX UF ER M-0 AL OLA Ro FA HEB EA LAE ACP PIERS) TA EATER PARA, HEHE BASIC HLM i ft a I FOL ME RE ASEH BM oy = 0 tT 16 MAO -ALDLIMGC SE. 1¢ 10 I, arp/7, AEB HEL SRI 6 Bia. Z| 0 mb ICR LW CRE Fe, BolT, 1E1 PMA — BE, BEEP Bho HAW. ECE VR, HE op ERIE ALOT AAR FRA RAE 0 = 1. f(2) BC RE ory = ((w'T) /u, )/CE) ARATE RE AE, TI ¢ = 2/A = = (220°) )/ (Tout) AE SG) 2 1g" Af SAHARA wT") JA BRE 10 Bory 3 ABI ory HERI FERIA, AH SASSOON AP TAR A — Be, Ae 1 BED ARE 47 miB RE 140 ~ 280 m, WRI ELLA EE, MICO tf 0/7 BAER ICE —1 YR. DA PR LR ry Me HEYA I OA REI RACHA OTT RAE WIE LIST BAR BAUER, IEA ME — ER ERE HAE 3) 5) UA A EE HE (wT) 0) HAR HD FA APE AY AY SI EA Sa eS A OI Ate SPAM Dt EA LE DEA SER EUS PIE A MADR HUE FATS AY RAO AR 9) ALI EE LA 9} ESTE SET AS AL i, PBMC HEP HAR AES STE AAR ‘Be EE TAT EH A OASIS TF AY Fe Ce EPR fa SP a A A TASC SEI AGF — SH, 3 Bie siti¢t ASCAVAVACAE 325 m SEAM BE EE Ti SUI Fk ik HEE, 5 Zi EE He Ct Roth!" QUAN il HU"! Wood 95°") nie, teu532 A & EO ERE BENE HELA (10 < 1Z1 < 10°) SBF T 47 my 140 m Ail 280 m =F BE (HVA — ft aE BE BE a 3 A HEME HET OE ESBS AM, FeSO ERR CDA EEE o/u, o,/u, Bl o,/ a ES ESR TE a1 + Og) LER, LBS c MB AE 1/3, LA Si rs UE SP Ht EA IEA AIOE AE RR or /u, Ml osu, 8 a APC ARIE BRON we SRE» SA SEES 0 /u. 19 0 (PAF EB SE Cit EB As RY i EF P TREAT OE. (2) 0 AGS RAE DE op/T ES AB TH REFE I C1 PRY A AA BET PBR, ABI TEMY ory /T FC UEC TT 1, RRSP HEI or / TBS AVE NR HEC RUE - 1/3. (3) HME EIS 2 AU EIB ee 47m AL 140 ~ 280 m 44 BEAST] , 8 ABE a HOA ADL, (LRH AEF ASP Pe A OR PEFR, Zi ATES A ME ETT ILE, AN EER HL ALBE Fes AMET FFs TALES TPE APE A BE GAS BH RA HAT AY CYAN AH CE i i BE AGA TL AS SC RSL WTR ZA RAE RARE HEI /T. 5 AURA IEA RZ wD OSE SOR ABPERR NCU AY ~ 1/3 UCR, ARR SEE | C1 1 UAE, AL EE RE RAT HSE SY 2) HE BRE RE TB, Me EH, ory TERN AY) — 1 CER AL I A I, ACH Fa HL EH AL A PE A RT ERAT SAR. MiP EBT AR WAR SZ ATA ZA TAT, ARCA AT mitt REED AE 5 Wood “5°""190 m 928 ILE ABIES SCY E FRAE I 140 ~ 280 mm HE HRCA ET BA RAF 47 m Mh, ATE Wood 5 A925 RF Fe AEE Aba AB mY ES A 3k A BOA Py TS Dk HE (RUBE SRN 3 BE RD HEL BEE) AG HK ASA 47 mm ih ie BE Dy 2 eH a YG QUAN AL HU 5%) fa SDE a SAR AST, BR FEA TRIISEL ASSP OT RES ASCH SET Bae AE ADIT Ai 3K FY BS A OKA ABA LAD gE QUAN AL HU (MEE PE PET HA AY RARE) oR A SE Sa EH AF 31 DRE A HEY TA BE A aE A PRR. BU AC FR cP BBA FRA CLAS KF A I Se a as HEHE, TEMA. See x [1] Rath Mt. 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