Answers to Workbook exercises

Unit 10 Energy
Exercise 10.1 Body energy
1
Speed of running / km/h Energy used per
minute / kJ
8 38
10 50
12 60
14 69
16 77

2 Amit uses more energy (60 kJ/min) than Akram (38 kJ/min).
3 60

50

40
energy
used per 30
minute / kJ
20

10

0
walking
at 6 km / h

running
at 12 km / h

cycling
at 16 km / h

swimming at
25 m / minute

aerobics
(vigorous)

activity

4 Akram is right. Running uses almost twice as much energy per minute as cycling.
(Cycling is a more energy-efficient way of getting around.)

Exercise 10.2 Chemical stores of energy

1, 2 The table lists some example answers for the final column. Other examples are
possible.
Chemical store of First example of Second example of use
energy use
kerosene aircraft fuel lamps
grass feeding cattle dried grass for lighting
fires
charcoal cooking/heating heating/cooking
batteries electric clock radio etc
petrol cars trucks, machinery
wood heating/cooking cooking/heating
rice food for people rice straw for fuel

Copyright Cambridge University Press 2012 Cambridge Checkpoint Science 7 1

 Answers to Workbook exercises: Unit 10

Exercise 10.4 Heating a block

1 80 °C
2 Because the block was very hot – it could have burned her hands.
3
Statement True or
false?
The block gradually got cooler. true
The temperature of the block fell more and more quickly. false
After 10 minutes, the temperature of the block was 70 °C. false
After 20 minutes, the temperature of the block had fallen true
by 33 °C.
Anna stopped taking measurements after 30 minutes. false
The block cooled because energy was spreading out from it. true

4
Statement
The temperature of the block fell more and more slowly.
After 10 minutes, the temperature of the block was 60 °C.
Anna stopped taking measurements after 40 minutes.

Exercise 10.5 Using energy ideas

The observations and explanations should be matched as shown.

If you touch a spinning

To use the energy from a
wheel, the wheel slows
chemical store, a chemical
down and your finger
reaction must take place.
feels hot.

A cooking pot cools down

Friction can change kinetic
when it is removed from
energy to thermal energy
the stove.

A moving object with more

You must lift a hammer
mass has more kinetic
high if you want to crack
energy than one with less
a tough coconut.
mass.

Burning charcoal can

Energy can spread out
be used as a fuel for
from a thermal store.
cooking.

When an object is lifted,

It is harder to stop a fast-
its gravitational potential
moving cricket ball than a
store of energy is
small rubber ball.
increased.

Copyright Cambridge University Press 2012 Cambridge Checkpoint Science 7 2

 Answers to Workbook exercises: Unit 10

Exercise 10.6 Energy stores and transfers

1 At 6 o’clock this morning, my alarm clock went off. The clock has a battery which is
a store of chemical energy.
2 I switched on the light. Energy is transferred to the light by electricity in the wires.
3 Two types of energy spread out from the light:
light energy, which we can see with our eyes, and heat energy, which feels warm.
4 I picked up my heavy bag of books and put it on the table. This increased the
gravitational potential energy of the bag.
5 I ate three slices of bread to make sure that I had a good store of chemical energy
in my body for the day ahead.
6 When I picked up my cup of tea, I found that it was cold. Its store of thermal
energy had spread out into the surroundings.
7 As I left the house, I switched off the radio so that no more energy was transferred
to it by electricity.

Exercise 10.8 Energy arrows

1 a 100 J
b 10 J
c 90 J
2 The athlete uses 200 J of energy each second, twice as much as the person in
question 1.
3 a Arrow B is for a bigger person who is not very active; they use 150 J each second
but only use 10 J in physical activity.
b The total energy at the end is the same as at the start (e.g. 20J + 80J = 100 J).

Copyright Cambridge University Press 2012 Cambridge Checkpoint Science 7 3