Universidad Peruana Unión

Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura

Cálculo I
Mtro. Jose Alberto Nole Zapata

Fórmulas para calcular estas derivadas:

' '
f ( x )= y f ( x )= y
1 f ( x )=e x f ' ( x )=e x
2 f ( x )=ax f ' ( x )=a x ln a
' 1
3 f ( x )=ln x f ( x )=
x
' 1
4 f ( x )=log a x f ( x )=
x lna
Fórmulas para cuando existe cadena:

Función Derivada

1 f ( x )=eu f ' ( x )=e u u '

2 f ( x )=au f ' ( x )=a u u' ln a
'
' u
3 f ( x )=ln u f ( x )=
u
'
f ( x )=log b u ' u
4 (
f x=)
u ln a
 dy
EJEMPLOS: Hallar la derivada
dx

1+e x
1. f ( x )= 2
1+ x
Solución:
' '
' [ 1+ e x ] [ 1+ x 2 ]−[ 1+ x2 ] [1+ e x ]
f ( x )= 2
( 1+ x 2 )

e [ 1+ x ]−2 x [ 1+e ]
x 2 x
f ' ( x )=
2 2
( 1+ x )

' e x +e x x 2−2 x−2 x e x

f ( x )= 2
( 1+ x 2 )

' e x ( 1+ x 2−2 x ) −2 x
∴ f (x )= 2
( 1+ x 2 )

( 3
)
2. f ( x )=ecos 1−2 x
Solución:
'
cos (1−2 x )
[ cos ( 1−2 x3 ) ]
3
'
f ( x )=e

3 '
f ( x )=−ecos (1−2 x ) [ 1−2 x ] sen ( 1−2 x )
3
' 3
f ( x )=−ecos 1−2 x (−6 x ) sen ( 1−2 x )
' ( 3
) 2 3

∴ f ( x ) =6 x e cos 1−2 x sen ( 1−2 x )

' 2 ( 3
) 3
 f ( x )=exp [ x −2 cos x ]
2
3.
Solución:
'
f ' ( x )=[ x 2−2 cos x ] exp [ x 2−2 cos x ]

∴ f ' ( x ) =( 2 x +2 sen x ) exp [ x 2−2cos x ]

e x +e− x
4. f ( x )=
2+e x
Solución:
' '
' [ e x +e−x ] [ 2+ e x ]−[ 2+ e x ] [ e x +e− x ]
f ( x )= 2
( 2+ e x )

' [ e x −e− x ][ 2+e x ]−e x [ e x +e− x ]

f ( x )= 2
( 2+ e x )

x −x x x −x x x x x −x
'
( ) 2 e −2 e +e e −e e −e e −e e
f x= 2
( 2+e x )

x −x −x x x −x
2 e −2 e −e e −e e
f ' ( x )= 2
( 2+e x )

2 e x −2 e− x −2
∴ f ' (x )= 2
( 2+ e x )

5. f ( x )=log 3 ( 3+ x 4 )
Solución:
 '
' [ 3+ x 4 ]
f ( x )=
( 3+ x 4 ) ln 3

3
' 4x
∴ f (x )=
( 3+ x 4 ) ln 3
6. f ( x )=sen2 ( 1−lnx x )
Solución:

)[ ( )]
'
'
f ( x )=2 sen
x (
1−ln x
sen
1−ln x
x

( ) ( )[ ]
'
1−ln x 1−ln x 1−ln x
f ' ( x )=2 sen cos
x x x
' '
'
f ( x )=2 sen
x (
1−ln x
cos
x ) (
x
2 )
1−ln x [ 1−ln x ] x−[ x ] ( 1−ln x )

−x
−( 1−ln x )
f ' ( x )=2 sen
x(
1−ln x
cos
1−ln x
x ) ( ) x
x
2

'
f ( x )=2 sen ( 1−lnx x ) cos( 1−lnx x ) ln x−2
x 2

∴ f ' ( x ) =sen 2 ( 1−lnx x ) ln x−2

x 2

( )
x
1−e
7. f ( x )=tan x
1+e
Solución:

[ ( )]
'
' 1−e x
f ( x )= tan x
1+e

( )[ ]
x x '
' 1−e2 1−e
f ( x )=sec
1+ e x 1+ e x
' '
'
f ( x )=
[ 1−e x ] [ 1+e x ]−[ 1+ e x ] [ 1+e x ]
( 1+ e x )
2
sec
2
( )
1−e x
1+ e
x
 −e [1+ e ]−e [ 1+ e ]
( )
x x x x
' 2 1−e x
f ( x )= 2
sec x
( 1+ e x ) 1+e

'
f ( x )=
−2 e x [ 1+e x ]
( 1+ e x )
2
sec
2
( )
1−e x
1+ e x

( )
x x
' −2 e 2 1−e
∴ f (x )= x
sec
1+ e 1+ e x
 x
8. f ( x )=ln
x +1
Solución:

[ ]
'
x x+ 1−x 1
2 2
' x +1 ( x +1 ) ( x +1 ) x+1
f ( x )= = = =
x x x x ( x +1 )
2

x+ 1 x+ 1 x+ 1

' 1
∴ f (x )=
x ( x +1 )

f ( x )=ln √ x +1
2
9.
Solución:
'
[ x 2 +1 ] 2x
'

f ' ( x )=
[ √ x +1 ] = 2 √ x +1 =
2 2
2 √ x 2+ 1
√ x 2+1 √ x 2 +1 √ x 2 +1

' x
∴ f (x )= 2
x +1

10. f ( x )=ln ( tan x 2 )

Solución:
2x
2' 2 '
' [ tan x ] [ x ] sec x cos 2 x 2 2 2
f ( x )= = =
tan x 2 tan x 2 sen x 2
cos x 2
 2x 4x
f ' ( x )= 2 2
= 2
sen x cos x sen 2 x

' 2 2
∴ f ( x ) =4 x csc x
 [
11. f ( x )=ln sen 2 ( 3 x ) ]
Solución:
'
[ sen 2 ( 3 x ) ]
'
' 2 sen ( 3 x ) [ sen ( 3 x ) ]
f ( x )= 2
= 2
sen (3 x ) sen ( 3 x )

'
' 2 [ 3 x ] sen ( 3 x ) cos ( 3 x ) 6 cos ( 3 x )
f ( x )= 2
=
sen (3 x ) sen ( 3 x )

'
∴ f ( x ) =6 cot ( 3 x )

12. f ( x )=sen [ ln ( 3 x ) ]
Solución:
' 3
f ( x )=[ ln ( 3 x ) ] cos [ ln ( 3 x ) ]= cos [ ln ( 3 x ) ]
'
3x

cos [ ln (3 x ) ]
∴ f ' (x )=
x

13. f ( x )=log ( 1−x 2 )

Solución:
'
' [ 1−x 2 ]
f ( x )=
( 1−x 2 ) ln 10

' −2 x
∴ f (x )=
( 1−x 2) ln 10
 √
14. f ( x )=ln ( x+ x 2−1 )
Solución:

[ x + √ x −1 ] [ x ] + [ √ x −1 ]
' ' '
2 2
f ( x )=[ ln ( x+ √ x −1 ) ] =
'
' 2
=
x+ √ x −1 x+ √ x −1
2 2

'
[ x2−1 ] 2x x x+ √ x 2−1
1+ 1+ 1+ 2
' 2 √ x2 −1 2 √ x2 −1 √ x −1 √ x 2−1
f ( x )= = = =
x+ √ x −1 x+ √ x −1 x+ √ x −1 x+ √ x −1
2 2 2 2

' 1
∴ f (x )=
√ x 2−1

15. f ( x )=ln ( √ 2 sen x+1+ √ 2 sen x−1 )

Solución:
'
[ √ 2 sen x+ 1+ √2 sen x −1 ]
'
f ( x )=[ ln ( √2 sen x +1+ √ 2 sen x−1 ) ] =
'

√ 2 sen x +1+ √ 2 sen x−1

[ 2 sen x +1 ] ' [ 2 sen x−1 ] '

' ' +
' [ √2 sen x+1 ] + [ √ 2 sen x−1 ] 2 √2 sen x +1 2 √ 2 sen x−1
f ( x )= =
√ 2 sen x +1+ √ 2 sen x−1 √ 2 sen x+ 1+ √2 sen x−1

2cos x 2 cos x cos x cos x

+ +
f ' ( x )= √
2 2 sen x+ 1 2 √2 sen x−1 √ 2 sen x +1 √ 2 sen x−1
=
√2 sen x +1+ √ 2 sen x−1 √ 2 sen x+ 1+ √2 sen x −1

√2 sen x−1 cos x + √ 2 sen x +1cos x

'
f ( x )=
√2 sen x+1 √ 2 sen x−1
√ 2 sen x+ 1+ √2 sen x−1
 cos x ( √ 2 sen x−1+ √ 2 sen x +1 )
'
f ( x )=
√ 4 sen 2 x−1
√ 2 sen x +1+ √ 2 sen x−1

' cos x
∴ f (x )=
√ 4 sen 2 x−1
16. f ( x )=ln

Solución:
√ 1+ sen x
1−sen x

[ ]
'
1+ sen x
1−sen x

[
] √ ] √
'
1+sen x 1+ sen x

[√
'
1−sen x 2
1+sen x 1−sen x
f ' ( x )= ln = =

√ √
1−sen x 1+ sen x 1+ sen x
1−sen x 1−sen x

[ ]
'
1+ sen x
1−sen x
f ' ( x )=
2
√ √
1+sen x 1+ sen x
1−sen x 1−sen x

' '
[ 1+ sen x ] [ 1−sen x ] −[ 1+sen x ] [ 1−sen x ]
2
' ( 1−sen x )
f ( x )=
2 ( 1+ sen x )
1−sen x

cos x [ 1−sen x ] +cos x [ 1+ sen x ]

1−sen x
f ' ( x )=
2 ( 1+ sen x )

cos x [ 1−sen x+1+ sen x ] 2 cos x

1−sen x 1−sen x
f ' ( x )= =
2 ( 1+ sen x ) 2 ( 1+ sen x )

2 cos x
f ' ( x )=
2 ( 1+ sen x )( 1−sen x )
 cos x cos x 1
f ' ( x )= = = =sec x
1−sen x cos x cos x
2 2

'
∴ f ( x ) =sec x
17. f ( x )=ln ( 3 x2 + 9 x 4 +1 ) √
Solución:

f ( x )=[ ln ( 3 x + √ 9 x +1 ) ]
'
' 2 4

'
'
f ( x )=
[ 3 x2 + √ 9 x 4 +1 ]
3 x + √ 9 x +1
2 4

[ 3 x2] + [ √ 9 x4 + 1]
' '
'
f ( x )=
3 x 2 + √ 9 x 4+ 1

'
[ 9 x4 + 1]
6 x+
' 2 √ 9 x4 + 1
f ( x )=
3 x2 + √ 9 x 4 +1

3
36 x
6 x+
2 √ 9 x4 + 1
f ' ( x )=
3 x + √ 9 x +1
2 4

18 x 3
6 x+
f ' ( x )=
√ 9 x 4+ 1
3 x + √ 9 x +1
2 4

6 x √ 9 x + 1+18 x
4 3

'
f ( x )=
√ 9 x4+ 1
3 x + √ 9 x +1
2 4

6 x ( √9 x 4 +1+3 x 2 )
f ' ( x )=
√ 9 x 4 + 1 ( 3 x 2 + √ 9 x 4 +1 )
 ' 6x
∴ f (x )=
√ 9 x 4 +1
 Solución:
√
3
18. f ( x ) = ln sen
( x +3
4 )
[ ]
'
x +3
sen
4

[ )] =
'

( ln sen
x+ 3 x+3

[√ )]
'
4 sen
f ' ( x )=
3
ln sen ( x +3
=
4

√ 4 √ 4)
4
3 ln ( sen ) 3 ln ( sen
3 2x +3 x +3 3 2

1 x +3
cos
4 4
x +3 1 x +3
sen cot
' 4 4 4
f ( x )= =

√
3
3 ln sen
x +3
4
2
( ) √
3
3 ln 2 sen ( x +3
4 )
x+ 3
cot
' 4
∴ f (x )=

√
3
12 ln sen
2
( x +3
4 )

19. f ( x )=ln 2 x−ln ( ln x )

Solución:
' '
f ( x )=[ ln x−ln ( ln x ) ] =[ ln x ] −[ ln ( ln x ) ]
' 2 2 '

1
'
' ' [ ln x ] 2 ln x x 2 ln x 1
f ( x )=2 ln x [ ln x ] − = − = −
ln x x ln x x x ln x
 2
' 2 ln x−1
∴ f (x )=
x ln x

( x−1 )3 ( x−2 )
20. f ( x ) =ln
x−3
Solución:

[ ]
3 '
( x−1 ) ( x −2 )

[ ]
'
' ( x−1 )3 ( x −2 ) x−3
f ( x )= ln =
x−3 3
( x−1 ) ( x−2 )
x −3

'
[ ( x−1 )3 ( x−2 ) ] [ x−3 ] −( x−1 )3 ( x−2 ) [ x−3 ] '
2
' [ x−3 ]
f ( x )= 3
( x−1 ) ( x−2 )
x−3

[ ( x−1 ) ( x−2 ) ] [ x−3 ] −( x−1 ) ( x−2 )

3 ' 3
'
f ( x )= 3
( x−1 ) ( x −2 )( x−3 )

'
f ( x )=
( [ ( x −1 ) ] ( x−2 ) +( x−1 ) [ ( x−2 ) ] ) [ x−3 ] −( x−1 ) ( x−2 )
3 ' 3 ' 3

3
( x−1 ) ( x−2 )( x−3 )

'
f ( x )=
[ 3 ( x−1 ) ( x−2 ) + ( x−1 ) ] [ x−3 ] −( x−1 ) ( x−2 )
2 3 3

( x −1 )3 ( x−2 ) ( x−3 )
 2 3 3
' 3 ( x −1 ) ( x−2 ) ( x−3 ) + ( x−3 ) ( x−1 ) −( x−1 ) ( x−2 )
f ( x )= 3
( x −1 ) ( x−2 ) ( x−3 )

3 ( x −2 )( x−3 )+ ( x −1 )( x−3 )−( x−1 ) ( x −2 )

f ' ( x )=
( x−1 ) ( x −2 )( x−3 )

3 ( x−2 )( x−3 ) ( x−1 )( x−3 ) ( x−1 )( x−2 )

f ' ( x )= + −
( x−1 )( x−2 )( x−3 ) ( x −1 )( x−2 ) ( x−3 ) ( x−1 )( x−2 )( x−3 )

3 1 1
∴ f ' (x )= + −
x−1 x −2 x−3
 dy
Hallar la derivada
dx

1+e x f ( x )=ln √ x +1
2
9.
1. f ( x )=
1+ x 2
10. f ( x )=ln ( tan x 2 )
cos ( 1−2 x )
3
2. f ( x )=e

[
11. f ( x )=ln sen 2 ( 3 x ) ]
f ( x )=exp [ x −2 cos x ]
2
3.

12. f ( x )=sen [ ln ( 3 x ) ]
x −x
e +e
4. f ( x )=
2+e x
13. f ( x )=log ( 1−x 2 )

5. f ( x )=log 3 ( 3+ x 4 )
√
14. f ( x )=ln ( x+ x 2−1 )

6. f ( x )=sen2 ( 1−lnx x ) 15.

f ( x )=ln ( √ 2 sen x+1+ √ 2 sen x−1 )

7. f ( x )=tan
( )
1−e x
1+e x

8. f ( x )=ln
x
16. f ( x )=ln
√ 1+ sen x
1−sen x
x +1
√
17. f ( x )=ln ( 3 x2 + 9 x 4 +1 )
 √
19. f ( x )=ln 2 x−ln ( ln x )
3
(
18. f ( x ) = ln sen
x +3
4 )
( x−1 )3 ( x−2 )
20. f ( x )=ln
x−3

Pepenole