1.

0 The Need for EIA

Every anthropogenic activity has some impact on the environment. More often it is harmful to the
environment than benign. However, mankind as it is developed today cannot live without taking up
these activities for his food, security and other needs. Consequently, there is a need to harmonise
developmental activities with the environmental concerns. Environmental impact assessment
(EIA) is one of the tools available with the planners to achieve the above-mentioned goal.

It is desirable to ensure that the development options under consideration are sustainable. In
doing so, environmental consequences must be characterised early in the project cycle and
accounted for in the project design.

The objective of EIA is to foresee the potential environmental problems that would arise out of a
proposed development and address them in the project's planning and design stage. The EIA
process should then allow for the communication of this information to:

(a) the project proponent;

(b) the regulatory agencies; and,

(c) all stakeholders and interest groups.

EIA integrates the environmental concerns in the developmental activities right at the time of
initiating for preparing the feasibility report. In doing so it can enable the integration of
environmental concerns and mitigation measures in project development. EIA can often prevent
future liabilities or expensive alterations in project design.

1.1 Indian Policies Requiring EIA

The environmental impact assessment in India was started in 1976-77 when the Planning
Commission asked the then Department of Science and Technology to examine the river-valley
projects from environmental angle. This was subsequently extended to cover those projects,
which required approval of the Public Investment Board. These were administrative decisions, and
lacked the legislative support. The Government of India enacted the Environment (Protection)
Act on 23rd May 1986. To achieve the objectives of the Act, one of the decisions that were taken
is to make environmental impact assessment statutory. After following the legal procedure, a
notification was issued on 27th January 1994 and subsequently amended on 4th May 1994, 10th
April 1997 and 27th January 2000 (Annex 1) making environmental impact assessment
statutory for 30 activities. This is the principal piece of legislation governing environmental
impact assessment.
Besides this the Government of India under Environment (Protection) Act 1986 issued a number
of other notifications, which are related to environmental impact assessment. These are limited
to specific geographical areas. These are listed in Box 1.1.

Box 1.1

 Prohibiting location of industries except those related to Tourism in a belt of 1 km from

high tide mark from the Revdanda Creek up to Devgarh Point (near Shrivardhan) as well
as in 1 km belt along the banks of Rajpuri Creek in Murud Janjira area in the Raigarh
district of Maharashtra (6th January 1989)
 Restricting location of industries, mining operations and regulating other activities in Doon
Valley (1st February 1989)
 Regulating activities in the coastal stretches of the country by classifying them as coastal
regulation zone and prohibiting certain activities (19th February 1991)
 Restricting location of industries and regulating other activities in Dahanu Taluka in
Maharashtra (6th June 91)
 Restricting certain activities in specified areas of Aravalli Range in the Gurgaon district of
Haryana and Alwar district of Rajasthan (7th May 1992)
 Regulating industrial and other activities, which could lead to pollution and congestion in
an area north west of Numaligarh in Assam (5th July 1996)

1.2 The EIA Cycle and Procedures

The EIA process in India is made up of the following phases:

 Screening
 Scoping and consideration of alternatives
 Baseline data collection
 Impact prediction
 Assessment of alternatives, delineation of mitigation measures and environmental impact
statement
 Public hearing
 Environment Management Plan
 Decision making
 Monitoring the clearance conditions

1.2. Screening

Screening is done to see whether a project requires environmental clearance as per the
statutory notifications. Screening Criteria are based upon:
  Scales of investment;
 Type of development; and,
 Location of development.

A Project requires statutory environmental clearance only if the provisions of EIA notification
and/or one or more statutory notification mentioned in Box 1.1 cover it

1.2.2 Scoping

Scoping is a process of detailing the terms of reference of EIA. It has to be done by the consultant
in consultation with the project proponent and guidance, if need be, from Impact Assessment
Agency.

The Ministry of Environment and Forests has published guidelines for different sectors, which
outline the significant issues to be addressed in the EIA studies. Quantifiable impacts are to be
assessed on the basis of magnitude, prevalence, frequency and duration and non-quantifiable
impacts (such as aesthetic or recreational value), significance is commonly determined through
the socio-economic criteria. After the areas, where the project could have significant impact, are
identified, the baseline status of these should be monitored and then the likely changes in these
on account of the construction and operation of the proposed project should be predicted.

1.2.3 Baseline Data

Baseline data describes the existing environmental status of the identified study area. The site-
specific primary data should be monitored for the identified parameters and supplemented by
secondary data if available.

1.2.4 Impact Prediction

Impact prediction is a way of mapping the environmental consequences of the significant aspects
of the project and its alternatives. Environmental impact can never be predicted with absolute
certainty and this is all the more reason to consider all possible factors and take all possible
precautions for reducing the degree of uncertainty.

The following impacts of the project should be assessed:

 Air

• changes in ambient levels and ground level concentrations due to total emissions
from point, line and area sources
• effects on soils, materials, vegetation, and human health
 Noise

• changes in ambient levels due to noise generated from equipment and movement
of vehicles
• effect on fauna and human health

 Water

• availability to competing users

• changes in quality
• sediment transport
• ingress of saline water

 Land

• changes in land use and drainage pattern

• changes in land quality including effects of waste disposal
• changes in shoreline/riverbank and their stability

 Biological

• deforestation/tree-cutting and shrinkage of animal habitat.

• impact on fauna and flora (including aquatic species if any) due to
contaminants/pollutants
• impact on rare and endangered species, endemic species, and migratory
path/route of animals.
• Impact on breeding and nesting grounds

 Socio-Economic

• impact on the local community including demographic changes.

• Impact on economic status
• impact on human health.
• impact of increased traffic

1.2.5 Assessment of Alternatives, Delineation of Mitigation Measures and Environmental

Impact Assessment Report

For every project, possible alternatives should be identified and environmental attributes
compared. Alternatives should cover both project location and process technologies. Alternatives
should consider no project option also. Alternatives should then be ranked for selection of the best
environmental option for optimum economic benefits to the community at large.
Once alternatives have been reviewed, a mitigation plan should be drawn up for the selected
option and is supplemented with an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to guide the
proponent towards environmental improvements. The EMP is a crucial input to monitoring the
clearance conditions and therefore details of monitoring should be included in the EMP.

An EIA report should provide clear information to the decision-maker on the different
environmental scenarios without the project, with the project and with project alternatives.
Uncertainties should be clearly reflected in the EIA report.

1.2.6 Public Hearing

Law requires that the public must be informed and consulted on a proposed development after the
completion of EIA report.

Any one likely to be affected by the proposed project is entitled to have access to the Executive
Summary of the EIA. The affected persons may include:

 bonafide local residents;

 local associations;
 environmental groups: active in the area
 any other person located at the project site / sites of displacement

They are to be given an opportunity to make oral/written suggestions to the State Pollution Control
Board as per Schedule IV of Annex I.

1.2.7 Decision Making

Decision making process involve consultation between the project proponent (assisted by a
consultant) and the impact assessment authority (assisted by an expert group if necessary)

The decision on environmental clearance is arrived at through a number of steps including

evaluation of EIA and EMP.

1.2.8 Monitoring the Clearance Conditions

Monitoring should be done during both construction and operation phases of a project. This is not
only to ensure that the commitments made are complied with but also to observe whether the
predictions made in the EIA reports were correct or not. Where the impacts exceed the predicted
levels, corrective action should be taken. Monitoring will enable the regulatory agency to review
the validity of predictions and the conditions of implementation of the Environmental Management
Plan (EMP).

1.3 Components of EIA

The difference between Comprehensive EIA and Rapid EIA is in the time-scale of the data
supplied. Rapid EIA is for speedier appraisal process. While both types of EIA require inclusion/
coverage of all significant environmental impacts and their mitigation, Rapid EIA achieves this
through the collection of one season (other than monsoon) data only to reduce the time required.
This is acceptable if it does not compromise on the quality of decision-making. The review of
Rapid EIA submissions will show whether a comprehensive EIA is warranted or not.

It is, therefore, clear that the submission of a professionally prepared Comprehensive EIA in the
first instance would generally be the more efficient approach. Depending on nature, location and
scale of the project EIA report should contain all or some of the following components.

Air Environment

• Determination of impact zone (through a screening model) and developing a monitoring

network
• Monitoring the existing status of ambient air quality within the impacted region (7-10 km
from the periphery) of the proposed project site
• Monitoring the site-specific meteorological data, viz. wind speed and direction, humidity,
ambient temperature and environmental lapse rate
• Estimation of quantities of air emissions including fugitive emissions from the proposed
project
• Identification, quantification and evaluation of other potential emissions (including those of
vehicular traffic) within the impact zone and estimation of cumulative of all the
emissions/impacts
• Prediction of changes in the ambient air quality due to point, line and areas source
emissions through appropriate air quality models
• Evaluation of the adequacy of the proposed pollution control devices to meet gaseous
emission and ambient air quality standards
• Delineation of mitigation measures at source, path ways and receptor
Noise Environment

• Monitoring the present status of noise levels within the impact zone, and prediction of
future noise levels resulting from the proposed project and related activities including
increase in vehicular movement
• Identification of impacts due to any anticipated rise in noise levels on the surrounding
environment
• Recommendations on mitigation measures for noise pollution

Water Environment

• Study of existing ground and surface water resources with respect to quantity and quality
within the impact zone of the proposed project
• Prediction of impacts on water resources due to the proposed water use/pumping on
account of the project
• Quantification and characterisation of waste water including toxic organic, from the
proposed activity
• Evaluation of the proposed pollution prevention and wastewater treatment system and
suggestions on modification, if required
• Prediction of impacts of effluent discharge on the quality of the receiving water body using
appropriate mathematical/simulation models
• Assessment of the feasibility of water recycling and reuse and delineation of detailed plan
in this regard

Biological Environment

• Survey of flora and fauna clearly delineating season and duration.

• Assessment of flora and fauna present within the impact zone of the project
• Assessment of potential damage to terrestrial and aquatic flora and fauna due to
discharge of effluents and gaseous emissions from the project
• Assessment of damage to terrestrial flora and fauna due to air pollution, and land use and
landscape changes
• Assessment of damage to aquatic and marine flora and fauna (including commercial
fishing) due to physical disturbances and alterations
• Prediction of biological stresses within the impact zone of the proposed project
• Delineation of mitigation measures to prevent and / or reduce the damage.
Land Environment

• Studies on soil characteristics, existing land use and topography, landscape and drainage
patterns within the impact zone
• Estimation of impacts of project on land use, landscape, topography, drainage and
hydrology
• Identification of potential utility of treated effluent in land application and subsequent
impacts
• Estimation and Characterisation of solid wastes and delineation of management options
for minimisation of waste and environmentally compatible disposal

Socio-economic and Health Environment

• Collection of demographic and related socio-economic data

• Collection of epidemiological data, including studies on prominent endemic diseases (e.g.
fluorosis, malaria, fileria, malnutrition) and morbidity rates among the population within the
impact zone
• Projection of anticipated changes in the socio-economic and health due to the project and
related activities including traffic congestion and delineation of measures to minimise
adverse impacts
• Assessment of impact on significant historical, cultural and archaeological sites/places in
the area
• Assessment of economic benefits arising out of the project
• Assessment of rehabilitation requirements with special emphasis on scheduled areas, if
any.

Risk Assessment

• Hazard identification taking recourse to hazard indices, inventory analysis, dam break
probability, Natural Hazard Probability etc.
• Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) analysis to identify potential hazardous scenarios
• Consequence analysis of failures and accidents resulting in fire, explosion, hazardous
releases and dam breaks etc.
• Hazard & Operability (HAZOP) studies
• Assessment of risk on the basis of the above evaluations
• Preparation of an onsite and off site (project affected area) Disaster Management Plan
Environment Management Plan

• Delineation of mitigation measures including prevention and control for each

environmental component and rehabilitation and resettlement plan.
• Delineation of monitoring scheme for compliance of conditions
• Delineation of implementation plan including scheduling and resource allocation

1.4 Roles in the EIA Process

IA involves many parties, grouped by their role definition within the process. The following section
outlines the basic responsibilities of various bodies:

• The Project Proponent

• The Environmental Consultants
• The State Pollution Control Board / Pollution Control Committees (PCCs)
• The Public
• The Impact Assessment Agency

The Role of the Project Proponent

The project proponent during the project planning stage decides the type of projects i.e. new
establishment, expansion or modernisation. Later the project proponent needs to prepare the
Detailed Project Report/Feasibility Report and submits the Executive Summary, which shall
incorporate the project details, and findings of EIA study, which is to be made available to
concerned public.

The proponent has to approach the concerned SPCB for NOC and holding the public hearing.
After the public hearing the proponent submits application to IAA for environmental clearance.

Role of Environment Consultant

Environmental consultant should be conversant with the existing legal and procedural
requirements of obtaining environmental clearance for proposed project. The consultant should
guide the proponent through initial screening of the project and establish whether EIA studies are
required to be conducted and if so finalise the scope of such study. The consultant should also be
fully equipped with required instruments and infrastructure for conducting EIA studies. The
environmental consultant is responsible for supplying all the environment-related information
required by the SPCB and IAA through the proponent. The consultant is also required to justify the
findings in the EIA and EMP during the meeting with the expert groups at IAA.
The Role of the State Pollution Control Board (PCB) /Pollution Control Committee (PCC)

The State PCBs/PCCs are responsible for assessing the compatibility of a proposed development
with current operational and prescribed standards. If the development is in compliance, the PCB
will then issue its NOC. They shall also hold the public hearing as per the provisions of EIA
notification. The details of public hearing shall be forwarded to IAA.

The Role of the Public

The public also has an important role to play in EIA. The concerned persons will be invited
through press advertisement to review information and provide their views on the proposed
development requiring environmental clearance.

The Role of the Impact Assessment Agency (IAA)

Where a proponent is required to obtain environmental clearance, the IAA will evaluate and
assess the EIA report. In this process the project proponent will be given a chance to present his
proposal. If a project is accepted the IAA will also prepare a set of recommendations and
conditions for its implementation based on this assessment. Environmental clearance conditions
and recommendations of IAA are made available to the public on request through SPCB and
through web site at http://envfor.nic.in. During the implementation and operation of the project, the
IAA will also be responsible for the environmental monitoring process.

1.5 How to use this Manual?

This Manual provides guidance for EIA appraisal and is mainly addressed to EIA reviewer in the
Impact Assessment Agency.

Subsequent chapters outline what should be done in an EIA and how the pathways to
conclusions are to be verified. The answer to the first question is provided in the form of
sequence of analytical steps within EIA and this is designed to help the reviewer in judging the
completeness and adequacy of EIA. The answer to the second question is provided in the form
of good practices of EIA and its presentation. It is hoped that good practices of measurement
and analysis delineated in the manual would help the reviewer in verifying the reliability of the
results presented. The good practices of presentation outlined in this manual should be insisted
upon by the reviewer and this would aid the transparency of EIA and ease of its verification.
There could be many instances where the manual would not provide the desired guidance to
the reviewer and in such cases the reviewer may like to consult the expert group. However, the
manual would aid the reviewer in formulation of specific questions that the expert group needs
to answer.

This manual also indirectly provides guidance to the project proponent in preparation and
presentation of an EIA. This manual can also be used for preparation of Terms of Reference for
an EIA and also to review an EIA prepared by a consultant / proponents team. The manual
provides an answer to the reviewer What to look for in an EIA? and to the proponent What
would the reviewer be looking for in an EIA? and thereby could improve the effectiveness of EIA
process.
2.0 Use of this Chapter

This chapter provides guidance to proponents and reviewers in undertaking project screening
and, where EIA is necessary, appraising the reviewer about the phases undertaken by the project
proponent.

The project proponent should conduct his own screening phase to determine whether or not the
proposal requires environmental clearance from IAA. If required, the proponent may consult IAA.
The reviewer should first determine whether the Initial Project Description submitted by the
proponent is adequate, and then obtain the information necessary to take decision.

Note: While this chapter will guide the reviewer through the Identification of key issues, it is
also recommended that the reviewer refer to the Sectoral Guidelines.

2.1 Key Elements of an Initial Project Description and Scoping

The key environmental issues to be considered in relation to a projects characteristics are

discussed in Sectoral Guidelines published by MoEF from time to time.

An Initial Project Description (IPD) should at the very least provide the reviewer with all the
information necessary to enable project screening and scoping.

Specific information that must be covered by the IPD includes:

• Location/current land use along with contours and whether it conforms to the development
plans proposed for that area
• Details of proposed project activity including the project cost
• Outlining the key project elements during the pre-construction, the construction and the
operation phases etc. as per the list of documents to be attached with the questionnaire
• The IPD may also include.

Off-site activities

Associated activities

Expected project induced activities

Project activities as PERT chart and process as a flow chart
delineating unit processes with input-output.
This would facilitate the reviewers task. The project proponent after suitable scoping should
provide environmental information for consideration in detailed EIA. The reviewer while assessing
the report should focus on the crucial aspects involving project location and characteristics.

2.2 Project Location(s)

The site(s) selection can be an effective approach in minimising the requirement of

mitigation measures.

Proposed project locations should be reviewed based upon regulatory and non-regulatory
criteria.

Project siting restrictions depend on the sensitivity of the surrounding environment. Sensitivity
should be assessed in relation to proximity of the project to the places/sites listed in Annex II A list
of identified ecologically sensitive zones (ESZ) notified by MOEF is given in (Box 1.1, Chapter I).

The siting criteria delineated by MoEF include:

I. As far as possible prime agricultural land/forest land may not be converted into an
industrial site
II. Land acquired should be minimum but sufficient to provide for a green belt wherein the
treated wastewater, if possible/suitable, could be utilised from wastewater treatment
systems
III. Enough space may be provided for storing solid wastes. The space and the waste can be
made available for possible reuse in future
IV. Layout and form of the project must conform to the landscape of the area without unduly
affecting the scenic features of that place
V. Associated township of the project if any to be created must provide for space for phyto-
graphic barrier between the project and the township and should take into account
predominant wind direction.

In addition the following distances should be maintained:

• Coastal Areas: at least 1/2 km from the high tide line (within 0.5 km of High Tide
Line (HTL), specified activities as per CRZ notification, 1991 are permitted)(The
HTL is to be delineated by the authorised agency only.)
• Estuaries: At least 200 metres from the estuary boundaries
• Flood Plains of the Riverine systems: at least 500 metres from flood plain or
modified flood plain or by flood control systems
 • Transport/Communication System: at least 500 metres from highway and
railway
• Major Settlements (3,00,000 population) at least 25 km from the projected growth
boundary of the settlement

In addition to the siting criteria listed above, the proposed project location should be reviewed in
relation to the following salient issues:

o Ambient air, water and noise quality standards

o Critically polluted areas
o Natural disaster prone areas
o Ecologically sensitive areas
o Availability of water and other critical infrastructures like electricity, roads with adequate
width and capacity

2.3 Land Use Impacts

When assessing the significance of potential land use impacts, the reviewer will need to consider
the following:

• Total land coverage of the project

• Expected change in the landscape and topography
• Present and designated land use in conformity with regional developmental plans / master
plan
• Dependent/resident population
• Assessed land capability/suitability in the region
• Assessed erosion potential in the region
• Unstable or critical hydrologic, biotic and abiotic components systems (especially drainage)
• Slope stability and proneness to land slide hazards
• Designated land use in the master plan/regional development plan

2.4 Consideration of Alternatives

Alternatives must be considered with respect to the following:

• No project
• Siting of the project
• Technology/Processes

The reviewer will need to evaluate whether or not the proposal has taken into consideration all
feasible alternatives in respect of siting, and the plant processes including mitigation methods.

No project:

Alternatives of no project situation need to be weighed against the ecological implications.

Siting of the project:

Specific information that must be covered in site selection should include:

• Status of conformance with siting guidelines of MoEF

• Ambient environmental quality in the region and conformance
• Existence of sensitive receptors in the impact zone
• The characteristics of soil strata and potential for groundwater depletion/ contamination
• The location of the site in relation to the watershed, and suitability of the site vegetation
and ecology
• Extent of resettlement and rehabilitation, including vulnerability of the affected
populations
• Likely Stress on public utilities and services in the region
• Likely Stress on the ecosystem

Process selection:

Criteria for the process selection should include:

• Choices of inputs to generate minimal wastes and emissions causing minimum stress on
resources
• Pollution prevention through maximising efficiency in the utilisation of inputs
• Recycling and reuse of wastes and emissions
• Treatment of wastes and emissions
• Choice of appropriate mitigation methods to reduce the impacts
2.5 Construction Phase

Project construction may require cutting, striping, levelling landscaping, topographic, sea /
riverbed or subsurface transformations, opening of new quarries transportation of men and
materials, construction of temporary houses any of which can cause both positive and negative
environmental impacts.

The construction phase is especially significant in the case of infrastructure projects. In such
cases a detailed schedule of construction activities is critical for scoping impacts. If the
construction stretches over a prolonged period (1-3 years), the impacts of habitat disturbances
may be even more severe in the construction phase than during operation phase. In addition,
there may be substantial influx of labour in some project areas that could create stress on public
utilities, services, public health and social relations.

2.6 Input Requirements

A pre-requisite to estimating the potential environmental impacts of a project is the identification

and recording of the total project inputs including process technology, raw materials, water and
energy.

While not exhaustive, Box 2.1 below provides a checklist of the information likely to be required
for the scoping of project inputs.

Box 2.1

Project Technology

 Available technology/equipment

 Cleaner options
Land

 Nature of land/soil

 Topography

Materials

 Physical and chemical nature of raw materials

 Source of raw material

 Storage

 Precautionary measures

 Mine discharge

 Top soil preservation and reuse

 Project output

Hazardous/Toxic materials management

 Requirements of processing, transportation and handling of any hazardous/toxic

/flammable/explosive material(s)

 Storage requirement for hazardous/toxic flammable / explosive material(s)

 Usage of any recycled, salvaged material from industrial waste in the process.

Water
Water requirement

 Average demand, peak demand at full production, source and type (treated/ untreated)

 Water drawal at intake vis-vis the requirement of competing users

 (If water supply is to be augmented from other source(s) for meeting both present and future
requirements)

 Physico-Chemical characteristics of surface/ground water at the site and likely impact area

 Treatment requirements of water before use

 Physico-Chemical characteristics of treated water

Energy/Fuel

Total power requirement for

 Existing facilities

 Proposed facilities

Sources of power supply

 Public supply

 D.G.Set/Gas turbine

 Captive power plant

 Capacity, type of fuel, consumption

Details of fuel used

 Coal

 Natural gas

 LSHS

 HSD

 Naphtha

 Furnace Oil

 Other (specify)

Consumption (tonnes/day), Calorific Value (K Joules, kg), % Ash, % Sulphur, Source of supply,
Mode of transportation to the plant site with justification and linkage

 Details of technology for power generation

Transport

 Details of transport system to be used for transporting raw materials, finished products and
wastes

2.7 Wastes and Emissions

An assessment of the significant environmental issues for each phase of the project in relation to
wastes and emissions involve

 Potential releases
 The receiving environment including bio-environment

The issues that need to be identified are

1) Air emissions

2) Noise

3) Liquid effluents

4) Solid wastes

5) Hazardous/Toxic Wastes

Box 2.2 below lists the types of release and potential sources.

Box 2.2

A. Air Emissions

 Emissions from Compaction & setting during construction

 Emissions from Drilling & blasting

 Emissions from Operation of DG. Sets/captive power plant

 Vehicular emissions

 Emissions from storages & transport

 Process emissions

 Fugitive emissions

 Accidental /emergency releases

 Emissions from Fuel combustion

 Offsite emissions
B. Noise & Vibrations

 Generated by the plant and equipment

 From Vehicles

 Blast induced ground vibrations

C. Liquid Effluents

 Process and domestic effluents

 Offsite effluents

 Storm water

 Cooling tower effluents and boiler blow downs

 Effluents from treatment plant

 Effluents from emission mitigation system

 Acid Drainage

 Tailing Residue emplacement

 Ground / surface water contamination

 Accidental / emergency & spills

D. Solid Waste

 Domestic solid waste

 Soil overburden/Dredged material/stripping and quarrying waste

 Process/storage units sludge

 Sludge form ETP/STP

 Waste from emission mitigation system

 Accidental / emergency dumps

E. Hazardous / Toxic Waste

 Process / Storage units (tank bottoms)

 Sludge form Waste water treatment

 Sludge form Emission treatment system

 Leachates from storage

 Genetically modified organisms

 Biotechnological activities and related emissions and wastes

2.7.1 Air Emissions

The issues for air emissions should be based on project location (valley, coastal areas, regions
with frequent dust storms etc.) type of activity and air polluting potential. Table 2.1 presents a list
of key activities and

associated air pollutants.

2.7.2 Liquid Effluents

Detailed assessment will be required where:

− the proposed receiving body is surface water, irrigation canal, marine coast, public sewers
etc.
− the discharge point is within the catchment area of a drinking water source or a river stretch
designated for drinking purposes (as per CPCB designated usages)

− the disposal is on land, the soil is permeable and the aquifer conditions are prone to
groundwater contamination

2.7.3 ���Solid Wastes

Solid waste can be toxic or non-toxic. A list of toxic or hazardous waste classifications can be
found in the MOEFs Hazardous Waste - Management and Handling Rules, Manufacture, Storage
and Import of Hazardous Chemicals, genetically modified organisms/biotechnology activities and
related emissions and wastes and related amendments notified from time to time. Where a project
proposal includes any of the waste classes or activities listed in these documents the proposal
should identify this and meet their requirements.

Should the proponent be unable to confirm the existence of an acceptable treatment or disposal
facility for any of the listed hazardous wastes classes with adequate capacity the issue will need
to form input into the detailed assessment.

It is important to note that in addition to those wastes that are classified, all potential waste
groups should be examined according to the following parameters:

 Moisture and High Volatile matter

 Oil and Grease

 Calorific value

 pH

 Conductivity

 Heavy metal (Cr, Pb, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni)

concentrations

 Phenolic compound concentration

The comprehensive inventorization of solid wastes is necessary, if

− the region has no land for disposal

− existing capacity of the dumping site is near exhaustion

− the region has high intensity and/or duration of rainfall and the region is prone to
flooding/water logging/high ground water table.

2.8 Risks to Environment and Human Health

Impacts to environment and human health can occur from accidents (both on-site and off-site) or
through general environmental degradation. When determining the appropriate areas for a more
detailed risk assessment, the reviewer should take into account both the type of risks inherent in
a particular activity and the potential for human/ environment exposure.

Table 2.2 provides a list of activities requiring assessment of risk due to occurrence of most
probable instances of hazard and accident. Box 2.3 below indicates the potential means of
human exposure to risks.

Box 2.3

Onsite

 Exposure to fugitive dust, noise, gases, thermal and other emissions

 House keeping practices requiring contact with solid and liquid toxic wastes

 Emission/spillage etc. from storage & handling

 Exposure to explosive material

 Exposure to toxic chemicals

Offsite

 Exposure to toxic releases from offsite / storage/related activities

 Contamination of ground / drinking water due to accidental releases or normal release in

combination with natural hazard

 Deposition of toxic pollutants in vegetation / other sinks and possible sudden releases due
to accidental occurrences

2.9 Socio-Economic Impacts

It is generally envisaged that the scale of a projects socio-economic impact study is limited to
the region and population directly influenced by the project, with an emphasis on the distribution
of benefits and costs among the project stakeholders. Within project scoping, the socio-
economic issues as in Box 2.4 should be addressed:

Box 2.4

Socio-economic

 Onsite and offsite optimal land requirements, specifically in relation to the potential for
displacement, rehabilitation, and habitat fragmentation

 Land acquisition details

 Quantity and nature of employment and /or estimated needs for migratory workers

 Potential for stress/ increase on utilities and services

 Potential benefits/disbenefits to the local habitants resulting through project and ancillary
activities

 Impact on health of/due to migrant labour

 Impact on education of male/female

 Community health impacts

 Potential impacts on existing occupations and economic activities

 Potential losses of livelihood for local and vulnerable sections of the population
 Stress on medicinal plants

 Potential impacts to archaeological monuments and culturally/religiously important locations

2.10 Ecological Impacts

Project proposals located nearby wildlife sanctuaries, National Parks, and/or biosphere reserves,
breeding /spawning /nesting grounds etc. (Annex II) need to come under careful scrutiny, and the
EIA report should contain impact on such ecologically fragile/sensitive areas.

2.11 Global Environmental Issues

India is a signatory to many international agreements ratifying her commitment to environmental

concerns. These are listed in Annex III. Therefore global concerns must also be considered.
The reviewer will need to note whether a projects potential resource consumption, waste
generation and emissions could break international codes of practice and where this is the case,
the proponent should identify, evaluate and suggest mitigation measures if any in the EIA
report.

There are a number of additional/optional areas, which may be considered:

 Potential trans.- boundary transport of atmospheric pollutants or liquid effluents.

 Potential impacts to wetlands of international importance as per the Ramsar convention

and those that attract migratory birds

 The use or production of hazardous or toxic materials

 Potential impacts on primitive and rare cultivated plants, land, ethnic minorities,
archaeological places

 Impacts on identified rare and endangered species

 Emissions of nuclear radiation on-site and off-site and potential for nuclear accidents
 Table 2.1

List of Key Activities and Likely Associated Air Pollutants

S. No. Activity Significant Air Pollutants

A. EIA Notifications, 1994
1. Nuclear Power Plants Tritium, Radioactive elements
2. River Valley Projects TSPM/RPM, HC, CO etc.
3. Air Ports, Ports/Harbours TSPM/RPM, HC, NOx, etc.
4. Petroleum Refineries SO2, HC, Mercaptan, VOCs
5. Chemical fertiliser TSPM/RPM, Fluoride, Ammonia, NOx,SO2
6. Pesticides Odour,VOCs, HC, Cl2
7. Petrochemicals TSPM/RPM, SO2, NOx, CO, HC, VOCs
8. Bulk Drugs & Pharmaceuticals TSPM/RPM, VOCs
9. Exploration of Oil & Gas and their TSPM/RPM, HC, CO
production, transportation and storage
10. Synthetic Rubber TSPM/RPM, SO2, HC
11. Asbestos and Asbestos products TSPM/RPM, fibre
12. Hydrocyanic acid and its derivatives HCN Vapours
13. Metallurgical industries TSPM/RPM, SO2, CO, NOx Fluoride etc.
14. Electric arc furnaces TSPM/RPM, NOx,
15. Chlor-alkali industry Hg, Cl2, HCl vapours, H2
16. Integrated paint complex TSPM/RPM, SO2, Volatile Organic
17. Viscose Staple fibre and filament yarn H2S, CS2, SO2
18. Storage batteries TSPM/RPM, Pb
19. Tourism Project TSPM/RPM,
20. Thermal Power Plants TSPM/RPM, SO2, NOx.
21. Mining Activities TSPM/RPM, HC etc.
22. Highway Projects TSPM/RPM, HC, NOx CO.
23. Tarred roads in Himalayas TSPM/RPM, HC, NOx CO.
24. Distilleries TSPM/RPM, SO2
25. Raw Skins and Hides -
26. Pulp and Paper TSPM/RPM, H2S, Mercaptan
27. Dyes TSPM/RPM, SO2, NOx
28. Cement TSPM/RPM, NOx
29. Foundries TSPM/RPM, SO2, CO, Metal Fumes
30. Electroplating TSPM/RPM, Fumes of HCN, HCl � Acid Fumes
 Table 2.2

List of Activities involving Hazards/Risks

Sr.
Activity Significant probability of Hazard/Accident
No.
A. Schedule I of EIA Notification

1. Nuclear Power Plant Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation/
Radioactivity/Accidental Releases
2. River Valley Project Flooding, RIS
3. Air Ports, Ports/Harbours Accidents, Natural Atmospheric hazards
4. Petroleum Refinery Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
5. Chemical fertiliser Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
6. Pesticides Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
7. Petrochemical Complex Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
8. Bulk Drugs & Pharmaceuticals Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
9. Exploration of Oil & Gas and their Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
production, transportation and storage
10. Synthetic Rubber Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
11. Asbestos and Asbestos product Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
12. Hydrocyanic acid and its derivatives Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
13. Metallurgical industries Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
14. Electric arc furnaces Pressure Wave / Heat Radiation
15. Chlor-alkali industry Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
16. Integrated paint complex Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
17. Viscose Staple fibre and filament yarn Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
18. Storage batteries Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
19. Tourism Project Human Accident
20. Thermal Power Plants Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
21. Mining Activities Pressure Wave / Heat Radiation/ Radio Activity/ Tailing
dam failure/Inundation/Subsidence/Acid Drainage
22. Highway Projects Heat Radiation/ Traffic Accidents
23. Tarred roads in Himalayas Heat Radiation/Landslides/Traffic Accidents
24. Distilleries Pressure Wave / Heat Radiation
25. Raw Skins and Hides Heat Radiation
26. Pulp and Paper Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
27. Dyes Heat Radiation
28. Cement Pressure Wave / Heat Radiation
29. Foundries Pressure Wave / Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation
30. Electroplating Toxic Gas Release / Heat Radiation

Note: The probability of occurrence of human accident is however prevalent in all the activities.
3.0 How to use this Chapter

This chapter provides guidance to the reviewer in judging the adequacy and reliability of the
methodologies adopted in developing the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report
submitted as part of a project application.

Although it is the responsibility of the proponent to (arrive at and) submit information in a

transparent and logical manner, the reviewer will still need to go through the EIA report very
carefully. In doing so the reviewer will need to appraise the information from a technical
perspective, which ultimately, will assist the reviewer in making the following judgements:

Is the description of project and baseline conditions adequate?

Are the methods followed and models used in data generation and analysis reliable?

Are the methods followed and models used for impact prediction-comprehensive, relevant and
reliable?

Has risk analysis done and based on which disaster management plan prepared?

Is uncertainty characterized, and where applicable, provided for?

Have project stakeholders been appropriately consulted and their concerns adequately addressed?

Are cumulative and cross-media impacts investigated and accounted for?

Are the unmitigated impacts acceptable?

Are identified mitigation measures feasible, appropriate, and adequate?

3.1 Scope

 Baseline conditions
 Site and process alternatives
 Public hearing
 Construction stage impacts
 Project resource requirements and related impacts
 Prediction of environmental media quality
- Air quality impacts
- Surface water quality impacts
- Groundwater quality impacts
- Impacts on soils and surrounding lands
- Shoreline stability
 Ecological impacts (including fisheries)
 Occupational health
 Major hazard/risk assessment
 Impacts on transport system
 Socio-economic impacts
 Integrated Impact Assessment

3.1.1 Baseline Conditions

Baseline conditions refer to the background environmental features of the project site and
surrounding identified area (commonly known as Project Impact Area)

Box 3.1 provides a checklist of key parameters that should be identified for each media.
 Box 3.1
Checklist of Key Parameters
Land
 Landforms including coastal zone
 Litho logy and geomorphology
 Soil composition and characteristics
 Slope stability
 Subsidence and Compaction
 Seismicity/seismic zone characteristics
 Floodplains/swamps
 Landuse
 Engineering and mineral resources
 Buffer zones (Part of National Park and
Wild Life habitats)
 Soil erosion
 Catchment area treatment

Surface Water
 Shoreline
 Bottom interface
 Flow variation/ Ocean currents
 Water quality
 Drainage pattern/ water logging
 Water balance
 Flooding
 Existing and planned future use
 Siltation
Ground Water Potential
 Water table
 Flow regime
 Water quality
 Recharge rate
 Aquifer characteristic
 Existing use and proposed plans
Atmosphere
 Air quality
 Visibility
 Meteorology

Noise and Vibration

 Intensity
 Duration
Frequency
Species and Population
 Terrestrial flora / fauna
 Other terrestrial vegetation
 Aquatic/marine flora /fauna
 Fish
 Other aquatic/marine fauna
Habitats and Communities
 Terrestrial
 Aquatic/marine/estuarine communities
including spawning, breeding and
nesting grounds
 Migratory path
 Benthic flora and fauna
Health and Safety
 Physical
 Psychological
 Occupational
 Parasitic diseases
 Communicable diseases
 Water borne diseases
 Psychological diseases
 Disease Vectors

Socio-Economic
 Agricultural Land
 Employment/Training
 Housing
 Education
 Utilities
 Amenities (water, sanitation,
����� electricity, transportation)
 Community health
Aesthetic \ Cultural
 Landscape
 Wilderness
 Climate
 Tranquillity/ Sense of community
 Community structure
 Religious places and structures
 Historic/ Archaeological places or
structures
When describing project baseline conditions, a good practice is mapping the project-impacted
region on a 1:25,000 scale. Mapping for critical themes of relevant environmental components
should also be presented.

It is important to ensure that the information utilised in impact prediction is provided in

the description of base line conditions.

In assessing whether the data presented are both representative and reliable, the reviewer will
firstly need to determine the suitability of the sampling procedure and measurement methods
adopted.

For some attributes of baseline conditions, standard methods recommended by the Bureau of
Indian Standards, Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry of Environment and Forests are
available. In the absence of official recommendations, there are also a number of professionally
accepted or accredited approaches applicable to specific media or issues.

Annex IV presents reviewers with a comprehensive overview of the sampling procedures and
measurement methods applicable to the determination of baseline conditions.

3.1.2 Site and Process alternatives

The detailed project description will need to address the main project attributes during each
phase of the implementation process, including:

 General siting;

 Project construction;

 Operation;

A list of the potentially significant issues for identification during each of these phases is
supplied in Box 3.2
Box 3.2

General

• Layout map (1:2500 scale) showing different units, power line, roads, storage, water
source, sewerage, storm drainage, water pools, housing, green belt and other important
features and surrounding landuse
• Location of the project and its accessibility/ Capital and operating costs of pollution control,
Project investment and implementation schedule
• Distance from coastal areas/surface water bodies/ecologically sensitive areas
• Requirements of land, its present use and whether change in land use will be conforming to
the Country or Town Planning approved plans

Construction phase

• Direct employment during construction possible influx of labours and stress on public
utilities and services
• Use of water and power and its source during construction, proposed earth moving,
dredging and drilling operations
• Proposed plan for transportation and storage of construction material
• Detailed schedule of activity and resource requirements
• Disposal of solid waste/dredged material

Operation phase

• Direct employment for operation

• Raw materials, fuels and chemicals to be used, their quantities, characteristics,
arrangements for transport to site, storage, including storage facilities, pipeline etc.
• Detailed manufacturing processes alongwith flow diagram
• List of main equipment and machinery,
• built-in pollution control equipment, their
• efficiencies
• Mining methods/dredging methods
• Requirement of utilities within the project site and their capacities (viz. boilers), workshop,
treatment plants etc.
• (Existing and proposed)
• Facilities like canteen, staff colony, security, recreation centre, hospital, schools etc. (both
existing and proposed)
• Products and by-products, their storage and transport
• Details of stacks, vents and flares, their heights, composition of emissions, their
temperature and exit velocity etc.
• Noise levels produced by equipment and machinery at source
• Blast induced ground vibrations
• Quantities of solid, liquid and gaseous wastes generated (including
overburden/maintenance dredging), their points of generation in the manufacturing process,
their characteristics, proposed method of treatment and disposal
• Toxic and hazardous wastes

3.1.3 Public hearing

The State Board provides the details of Public Hearing to the reviewer. At this stage the
proponent is obliged to respond to issues raised during public hearing.

In reviewing the adequacy of the consultation process, together with the incorporation of its
results into the detailed EIA, the Impact Assessment Agency should examine whether the
procedure has been followed as per MoEF notification and

• An overview of the issues discussed

• How the concerns raised were responded to by the project proponent
• How these responses were conveyed back to those consulted
• What are the public hearing panel's observations

To assist the review in appraising the adequacy of the consultation process, Box 3.3 contains a
checklist of programme objectives and issues for verification.

Box 3.3

Objective Issues to verify

Stakeholders Is the Project Proponent
Identification aware of all those groups
and individuals who will be
directly affected by the social
or environmental impacts of
the project?
Impact Has project proponent
Identification addressed to mitigation
options. Have all social and
environmental impacts of
significance to the local
population and other
stakeholders been assessed
in the EIA (including the
indirect social impacts)
Mitigation Has the project proponent
Options addressed the issues of
project compensation and
rehabilitation as per the
procedure
Monitoring Have project-affected groups
been proposed to be
involved in monitoring the
effectiveness of social and
environmental impact
mitigation and is a plan for
the same presented?
Community Is proponent working to
Development promote local development
within the wider community?

3.1.4 Construction Stage Impacts

The project construction phase (though generally short-term in comparison to the operation
phase) can lead to significant environmental impacts. Significant impacts can result through
short-term, high-intensity pressures on the physico-chemical environment in relation to air,
groundwater, surface water, soils and land. Risks to fragile and ecologically sensitive systems
are of particular importance while assessing the Construction Stage Impacts, in addition to
hazards and risks posed to construction stage workers.

The stress on infrastructure, socio-cultural incompatibility due to immigration of construction

workers and living conditions and consequent public hygiene are also important issues to be
considered while assessing impacts during construction stage.

The reviewer will need to examine whether these specific issues are considered while adopting
methods of prediction of construction stage impacts.
The prediction of construction stage impacts should also include any impacts occurring as a
result of project infrastructure setup during construction, (e.g. quarries, roads, temporary labour
colonies, borrow areas) the waste and refuse generated during construction, and any likely
impacts resulting through de-commissioning of temporary structure(s) created during
construction phase.

3.1.5 Project Resource Requirements and Related Impacts

This subsection guides in reviewing those impacts arising out of a proposed projects resource
consumption. Again, the objective of the reviewer is to verify that all the significant impacts have
been duly considered and that the analytical tools and approaches used for their prediction and
the EIS are relevant and reliable.

This subsection, therefore, provides the reviewer with a series of checklists addressing the
prediction of resource related impacts falling under the following headings:

 Impacts on public utilities (Box 3.4)

 Impacts on natural resources (Box 3.5)

The prediction of impacts resulting through the consumption of fuel and raw materials would of
course depend on the materials in question. Specifically, focus would be required on materials
whose availability is limited. Moreover, if raw material extraction is to be included as a part of
the project impacts resulting from extraction / mining will also need to be predicted.

Box 3.4

Impact on Public utilities arising out of use of the utilities for project activities

 Stress on distributive resources e.g. water and power supply and transportation and resultant
decrease in reliability and increase in break downs and accidents during construction and
operation phases of the project
 Habitat fragmentation leading to disruption in supplies and transportation during
construction phase
 Loss of open space and visual impairment to the residents in the contiguous areas
 Increased stress on sewerage and drainage systems
 Increased stress on health care, education and recreational utilities

Box 3.5

Impacts on resources arising out of use of the resources for project activities

 Conflicts with contiguous and / or downstream population arising out of use of surface water
resources
 Extraction of groundwater subsequent lowering of ground water table and impacts on the
use by contiguous population, land subsidence, salinity intrusion and degradation of water
quality
 Land topography transformation and use of top soil
 Decrease in drainage into water bodies and groundwater recharge

3.1.6 Prediction of Environmental Media Quality

When reviewing the prediction of impacts on environmental media (air, water and land) quality it
is important to note that impacts to sensitive receptors need to be delineated. The available
scientific literature can be guidance in this matter.

Moreover if, during the public hearing process, impacts to a sensitive receptor are an issue of
concern, it is the proponents responsibility to provide evidence supporting their prediction and
the adequacy of any requisite mitigation measures.

There are five key steps in predicting environmental quality impacts.

Step 1 - Undertake a mass balance and estimate the quantity of wastes

Step 2 - Compare the above quantity of wastes (project emissions/ effluents/ solid wastes) with
the baseline data

Step 3 - Identify the appropriate method for impact prediction

Step 4 - Prediction of impact

Step 5 - Look into uncertainties involved in the prediction.

The mass balance process can be verified in relation to the emission and discharge load
information. The reviewer will need to check the input and output levels for each process
depicted in the process flow sheet.

The next step in prediction is to collate the relevant data describing the attributes and wastes
along with baseline conditions.

Step 3 will require the reviewer to validate the relevance of the method adopted (Annex V) for
making impact predictions.

It is important to note that for many of the impacts, the approaches adopted are
subjective. In all such cases, the reviewer will need to examine the effort made within the
EIA study to remove the maximum feasible bias through the use of sampling procedures
and Group interaction techniques viz. Delphi, brain, storming etc. Such impact
predictions will, therefore, necessitate discussion. Any predictions based on subjective
assessments will need to be clearly presented and accounted for.

In Step 4 the prediction made is verified.

The final stage (Step 5) of the environmental quality review will consider the previous 4 in
relation to their presentation.

For large projects, environmental quality (and resource status) results will be presented in the
form of maps at a scale of 1:25,000 or 1:50,000 (optionally using Geographical Information
Systems) along with the thematic maps of baseline conditions.

3.1.7 Socio-economic Impacts

The prediction of socio-economic impacts can include assumptions and value judgments.
Attention need to be paid in cases presenting the social cost-benefits of different stakeholder
groups that were not determined or resolved through the process of consultation.

Much of the socio-economic data required for EIA does not exist, except to a limited extent in
the Census records (conducted every 10 years, with the next due in 2001), and Revenue
records. In many cases, these data will need to be validated and suitability verified by the
project proponent/consultant through sample surveys. It is the responsibility of the reviewer to
check the adequacy of data and suitability of sampling methods adopted in social surveys.

In many cases village maps and toposheets etc. are not updated, and may be inaccurate. The
proponent may be asked to supplement the data by way of satellite imageries.

3.1.8 Ecological Impacts

This subsection provides guidance for review of assessment of ecological impacts due to the
project activities, viz. construction and operation. The assessment of impacts on ecosystem is
normally based on subjective judgments. It is a good practice to base the subjective judgments
on the available knowledge on

 Plant and animal life and their habitat requirements and migratory routes
 Biotic communitys ability to withstand or respond to disturbance
 Impending changes, impacts and results from similar projects and classification
of impacts based on their intensity, time scale and spatial extent.

A few bad practices normally found in EIA reports and need to be discouraged by the reviewer
are:
  Evasion of possible impacts and lack of their assessment
 Omission of pertinent information necessary for unbiased evaluation of impacts
 Inadequate description of adverse impacts
 A plethora of biotic data or information without interpretation or correlation with
possible impacts

An illustrative lists for consideration in an assessment of impacts on ecological systems are

outlined in Annex VI and reviewer may take into account if the relevant issues are adequately
addressed in the assessment or not. Guidance for relevant issues for different project types is in
Annex VII.

The Annex VIII guides for ecological impact prediction and reviewer needs to verify the
compliance.

3.1.9 Occupational Health Impact

The report should identify major occupational health and safety hazards and whether provision
has been made to meet the available standards/ guidelines. Specific measures for control of
fugitive emissions and odour nuisance should be enumerated. A list of references in this regard
is enclosed as Annex IX.

3.1.10 Major Hazard/ Risk Assessment

Risk assessment can be applicable at a number of levels. Where it has been identified that the
proposed project may contain significant risks and hazards, the following recommended
methodologies (Annex X) constitute good practice on behalf of the proponent in assessing their
probability and mitigation.

 Hazard Prone Units - Maximum Credible Accident Analysis using Fire

Explosion and Toxicity Indices as listed in Dow's manual
 Damage Distances - EFFECTS or WHAZAN models (TNO, Netherlands)
 Failure Probabilities - HAZOP or Fault Tree analysis
 Assessment of Risk - using exposure potential, failure probability and damage
distances
 Screening of risk - accept or reject decisions based on fatality rates
 Mapping of risk contours
 Layout and locations of hazard/risk prone areas/units

During the review all the areas/units methods followed, their reliability, and presentation will
need to be determined.
3.1.11 Impact on Transport System

Raw materials including water and fuel and/or finished products including wastes are
transported to / from the project site both during construction and operation phases. The impact
of this on transport system, viz. Capacity to carry, congestion, need for expansion/augmentation
should be assessed. In the case of pipeline transport, risk analysis and DMP should follow it.

3.1.12 Integrated Impact Assessment

The integrated impact assessment should include the identification of impacts resulting from the
accumulation of impacts to the project region. These impacts are often termed cumulative and
can result through cross media transfers and blending of pollutants.

Adequate account of potential cumulative impacts should, therefore, identify the:

 Dispersal of pollutants
 Cross media transfer of pollutants
 Accumulation of pollutants
 Environmental problems are acute (eutrophication of water bodies, heavy metal
contamination and entry into the food chain etc.)
 Environmental media status is bad
 Ecosystems are fragile
 Sensitive areas are under stress

*****
4.0 Environmental Management Plan

Environment Management Plan should include:

 Delineation of mitigation and compensation measures for all the identified significant
impacts
 Delineation of unmitigated impacts
 Physical planning including work programme, time schedule and locations for putting
mitigation and compensation systems in place
 Delineation of financial plan for implementing the mitigation measures in the form of
budgetary estimates and demonstration of its inclusion in the project budget estimates.

4.1 Identificationof Significant or Unacceptable Impacts Requiring Mitigation

The impact is significant or unacceptable if, emission/discharge load and characteristics or the
resultant environmental quality are in violation or exceed.

 Ambient Environment Quality Standards / Acts (Box 4.1)

 Policies of government or statutory bodies (Box 4.2)
 Compliance with the International obligations
 Assimilative capacity of the region

Box 4.1

Ambient Environmental Quality Standards/Acts

 National Environment
Ambient Air (Protection) Rules,
Quality 1986
Standards

Environment Protection
 Ambient Noise Act (Central Pollution
Standards Control Board) No. 29
of 23-5-1986

Central Pollution
Control Board
Standards
 Classification
of Inland Surface IS 10500-1983
Water

IS 2490-1982

 Indian
Standards/
Specifications for
Drinking Water

 Indian Environment
Standards for (Protection) Rules,
Industrial and 1986, Schedule VI/
Sewage Standards Prescribed
Effluents by SPCBs
Discharge

 General
Standards for
discharge of
Environment
Pollutants
Where standards are not prescribed in

 Damage Dept. of Industrial

criteria for heat safety, The Netherlands
load and
pressure wave
 Risk Organisation for
acceptance Applied Science and
criteria Research (TNO), the
Netherlands
 Damage Risk Occupational Safety
Criteria for and Health
Hearing Loss Administration (OSHA)
of USA

In addition, reviewer should use his/her judgement to decide whether the deviation from
prescribed environmental standards if any, is marginal or significant keeping in view the implicit
goals and targets articulated in various policies documents.

In case the magnitude or intensity, or extent or duration of the impact is uncertain or nonspecific,
the necessary mitigation measure for such an impact need to be provided, otherwise the impact
may be classified as unmitigated impact.

The comprehensive list of identified significant impacts should be verified with community's
perception during public hearing process.

Box 4.2 Government Policies

(Illustrative List)

 National Water Policy, 1987 (Prioritization of Water Uses)

 National Landuse Policy, 1988 (Protection of land under cultivation and suitable for
agriculture)
 National Forest Policy, 1988 (Protection) and Conservation of Forests)
 Policy Statement for abatement of Pollution, 1991
(Environment Management Strategy)
 Industrial Policy 1991
 National Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement on Environment and Development
(1992)
(Sustainable Development
 National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy (Draft)
 National Mineral Policy 1993
4.2 Mitigation Plans and Relief & Rehabilitation

The mitigation plans for control of adverse impacts arising out of developmental activity should
address the following:

Technological Measures

Technological measures are to be specified to mitigate the impacts in each phase of the project.
The mitigation measures need to be stated separately alongwith emission and waste reduction for
each phase and under the following strategy categories:

 Pollution prevention
 Waste/minimization
 End-of-the-pipe treatment technology
 Attenuation in the source-receptor pathway
 Protection of the sensitive receptors
 Mitigation Measures (onsite & offsite) to minimize risk

The reviewer, in this step would assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures suggested.
Guidance to the reviewer to verify the efficiency and effectivity of mitigation measures is in Annex
XI.

The EIA should contain a 'commitment list' summarizing all mitigation proposals with explicit
mention of organizations responsible for implementation and regulation. The list should provide
details on what mitigation are intended to achieve; why it is assessed to succeed and the
consequence of failure, if any.

Physical Planning

Physical plans address formulation, implementation and monitoring of environmental protection

measures during and after commissioning of the project.

It is important to verify the inclusion of the following points in the EMP for checking the
completeness and adequacy of the Physical Plan

 The listing of devices for pollution control, prevention and attenuation; and receptor
protection to be put in place; their specifications, efficiency and cost. (it is recommended
that such a listing be provided for each stage of the project and significant impacts
separately. The physical facilities specified in Disaster Management Plan also need to
be covered).
  The Schedule of project implementation dovetailed with proposed environmental
management measures.
 The proposed layout plan of facilities dovetailed with requirements for Environmental
Management and Disaster Management Plans.

Human Resources

The Human Resources Plan for implementation of Environmental Management should include
staffing, training, awareness, preparedness and institutional strengthening requirements. For
demonstration of due diligence it is important to present the Human Resources Plan as in the
Box 4.3.

The salient issues that need verification by the reviewer are whether:

 the skills required for effective implementation of mitigation plans are identified
 the organizational chart for implementation of mitigation measures with roles and
responsibility is provided
 the provision for financial resource allocation for supporting the human resources is
made the responsibilities of operation and maintenance and provision for preventive
maintenance are specified.

Financial Planning

The Financial Plan should necessarily include the annual expenditures for the next five to ten
years for implementation of Environmental Management Plan clearly indicating the assumptions
regarding cost escalation, operation and maintenance costs of devices and the life-time of
devices. The Financial Plan may be organized as per MoEF Questionnaire.

The Expenditure forecast provided in the Financial Plan of EMP may be verified for its inclusion
in the Detailed Feasibility/Project Report of the Project.

The salient issues that need verification by the reviewer are whether:

 the cost of mitigation measures and flow of investments based on schedule of

implementation of mitigation measures are delineated
 the costs of maintenance and operation throughout its life time are specified
 documentation of evidence of inclusion of such costs in the project planning is
demonstrated
 adequacy of financial resource allocation is demonstrated through a cash-flow chart.
4.3 Stipulating the Conditions

After reviewing the commitments list which is not explicit in the present EIA practice, the Impact
Assessment Agency draws as approved list of conditions which include mitigation and
compensation measures as also monitoring requirements for the proponent.

4.4 What should be monitored?

 Stipulated conditions
 Implementation of EMP
 Priority should be given to specific condition(s) related to the project
 Issues raised in the Public Hearing

4.5 Monitoring Methods

The monitoring methods for environmental parameters are already outlined. However, it is of
relevance to take note of the fact that the monitoring of clearance conditions is targeted towards
validating the assumptions in impact identification and prediction; and demonstrating
effectiveness of mitigation measures. Hence, the monitoring data (including the relevant data
from other sources) have to be aggregated in the form of indicators along with the production
data.

4.6 Who should monitor?

The Project Proponent, Impact Assessment Agency and Pollution Control Boards should
monitor the implementation of conditions stipulated while according environment clearance. The
Commitments of the individual can be incorporated in the environmental clearance conditions.
Project proponent is required to file once in six months a report demonstrating the compliance to
IAA. The IAA should examine these reports and take further action.
*****
THE REVIEW
CHECKLIST
How To Use This Checklist

All project proposals requiring Environmental Assessment (see Chapter 3 of this

Manual) may be examined according to the following review process.

The Review Checklist comprises two sections:

(A) Pre-Appraisal

(B) Appraisal

Each section begins with a set of guidance notes to be followed by EIA reviewers
in its completion.

Within Section B environmental information submitted as part of a project

proposal is appraised under the following headings:

1. DESCRIPTION OF THE 6. DIFFICULTIES IN COMPILING INFORMATION

PROJECT
2. PROJECT AND PROCESS 7. GENERAL PRESENTATION
ALTERNATIVES
3. DESCRIPTION OF THE 8. NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY
ENVIRONMENT
4. DESCRITPTION OF IMPACTS 9. RISK ASSESSMENT
5. MITIGATION MEASURES
Section A - Guidance Notes for Pre-
Appraisal

Pre-appraisal can be used to determine whether a submitted project proposal meets the
preliminary appraisal requirements of MoEF. These include project siting restrictions, permitting
requirements, and supporting documentation. The outcome of section A will be the decision on
whether to continue appraising the proposal through section B of the checklist.

Step 1 (the first task):

For each Review Question the reviewer will need to determine whether or not the project
proposal meets MoEFs preliminary requirements. If yes, the reviewer notes this and moves on to
the next question.

Step 2 (the second task):

If a proposal does not meet MoEFs preliminary requirements, the reviewer notes this, and where
applicable provides comment in the right hand column. Where a discrepancy is based on the
omission of supporting documentation or information and where appropriate and feasible, the
reviewer indicates where this information may be obtained according to the following listing:

A] Project Proponent E] Central Government

B] State Agencies F] Departmentally
C] Central Agencies G] Central Pollution Control Board
D] State Government H] Other (please note)
Step 3 (the third task)

On the basis of the preliminary appraisal the reviewer makes a decision on whether or not the
proposal justifies further review. If yes the reviewer continues with Section B of the Checklist.

0. PRELIMINARY PROJECT APPRAISAL

No. Criterion Yes / No Comment

Legal Requirements

Whether the proposal submitted attracts the

provisions of EIA notification, CRZ notification,
public hearing process and amendments issued
from time to time. When the proposal satisfies the
provisions of the above

0.1 Are there litigation and/or dispute against the

project?

0.2 Whether the project requires site clearance under

EIA notifications; has site clearance been obtained?
This should take into account clearances required
under:
• The Local Authority;
• Forest Committee;
• Committee of State Government
• Regional or local development authority

0.3 Information Requirements

Does the application include all those items listed in

the MoEF Document Checklist'?
0.4
Are the purpose(s) and objectives of the project
clearly described?

Are the nature and status of the decision(s) that

0.5 are required to be made, clear from the information
supplied?

0.6 Are the nature and status of the decision(s) that

are required to be made, clear from the information
supplied?
0. PRELIMINARY PROJECT APPRAISAL

No. Criterion Yes / No Comment

Land Requirements

Where applicable, does the proposal include

information relating to siting criteria, including
distances from:
• Areas of cultural heritage; / historical
monuments
• forests;
• Ecologically sensitive areas( as
mentioned in Annexure II);
• Human settlements;
• Coastal Regulation Zones
• Roads, National Highways and Railways
• Defence installation, Air ports.

0.7 Water and Fuel Requirements

Has water requirement quantified and sources

identified?

Does this include an assessment of competing

users, e.g. drinking, industry, irrigation etc.?

0.8 Are fuel sources identified and quantified?

Whether fuel linkage and its transportation is
established?

0.9
Have any special or hazardous wastes that will
be produced been identified and quantified?
0. PRELIMINARY PROJECT APPRAISAL

No. Criterion Yes / No Comment

Financial and Socio-Economic Requirements

0.11 Whether the total project investment is given

0.12 Whether cost of environment protection, mitigation

measures and R & R provided

Strategic Requirements
0.13 Does the proposal identify up-stream and down-
stream impacts, for example:

• Sources of raw materials;

• Material and product transportation;
• Provide relevant maps on 1:25000/1:2500
scale

0.14 Other Relevant Criteria1[1]

0.15 Whether the Public Hearing details enclosed

Section B - Guidance Notes for Appraisal

If on completing the preliminary appraisal in Section A, a project proposal is found to require

further appraisal, then the reviewer will need to undertake the following steps.

Step 1 (the first task):

For each Review Question the reviewer will first need to decide whether the particular type of
information is relevant to the type of development proposed. If not, the reviewer notes this and
moves on to the next question.

Step 2 (the second and third tasks):

If the question is considered relevant the reviewer examines the information provided by the
developer and assesses it as:

 Complete : all information relevant to the decision-making processes is available; no

additional information is required;
 Acceptable : the information present is not complete, however, the omissions need not
prevent the decision-making process proceeding;

 Inadequate : the information presented contains major omissions/inaccuracies; additional

information is necessary before the decision-making process can proceed.

Step 3 (the fourth task):

Where a question is assessed as Acceptable or Inadequate, the reviewer notes in the right hand
column what information is missing, and, where appropriate and feasible, indicates where this
information may be obtained according to the following listing:

A] Project E] Central Government

Proponent
B] State F] Departmentally
Agencies
C] Central G] Central Pollution Control Board
Agencies
D] State H] Other (please note)
Government

Section B - Guidance Notes for Appraisal

(Contd.)

Step 4 (the fifth task):

On completing an appraisal section, the reviewer may then grade that section according to the
format prompted by the Appraisal of Review Area forms supplied.

Step 5 (the sixth and seventh tasks):

On completing the appraisal forms for each review area, these may then be collated using the
Overall Appraisal form supplied at the rear of the checklist.

Using this format, the reviewer then indicates his decision and comments for one of the
following courses of action:

 Return the Proposal

 Process the Proposal
 Submit the Proposal for Expert Review
1. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)
Principal Features of the
Project

1.1 Is the nature and status of the

decision(s) for which the
environmental information has
been prepared clearly indicated?

1.2 Is the estimated duration of the

project construction phase and
operational phase mentioned

1.3 Are the designs and size of the

project described, using diagrams,
plans and/or maps as necessary?

1.4 Are the construction details

described?

1.5 Has the reinstatement and after-

use of the temporary land taken
during construction been
described?

1.6 Are any additional services

• Water (including desalination

plants)
• Electricity (including DG
sets)
• Port
• ETP
• Emergency service
• Laying of pipelines
• Construction of roads
• Opening of new quarries
• Others (please specify)
required as a consequence of the
project described?

1.7 Is indication of the nature,

quantities and source of materials
needed during both the
 construction and operational
phases given?

Human Impacts

1.8 Has the public been informed of the

proposed project, and have their
concerns been heard during the
public hearing and responded?

1.9 If resettlement is necessary, does

the proposal include in-depth
descriptions of rehabilitation and
compensatory packages offered? If
it involves scheduled areas/ethnic
community, has appropriate
measures taken?

The Project Workforce

1.10 Has the number of workers during

construction and operation phases
been estimated?

1.11 Has the access of workers to the

site and likely means of transport
been described?

1.12 Where applicable, has proper

account been taken of the housing,
health, fuel and sanitary needs of
migratory or other workers?

1.13 Are the issues of worker health and

safety described and addressed?
Where applicable do these include
protection against disease,
particularly through endemic
transmission to migratory workers?
1. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT (contd.)

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)

Inputs and Outputs

1.14 Has an indication of the means of

transporting materials and products to
and from the site during construction
and operation and the number of
movements involved been given?

1.15 Have the types and quantities of

• Solid waste
• Effluent
• Emissions
• Noise &, vibrations
• Heat radiation
• Residue materials generated

During construction and operation of

the project, and rate at which these
will be produced, been estimated?

1.16 Have the methods of estimation of

quantities of residuals and wastes were
estimated and indicated?

1.17 Have the methods in which it is

proposed to handle and/or treat these
wastes and residue materials prior to
release/disposal been indicated?

Does this include the routes by which

they will eventually be disposed-off?
1 Description of the Project: Appraisal of Review Area

The reviewer can use this Area Checklist to derive a single appraisal of the quality of environmental
information submitted within each Appraisal Area. An appraisal of the information could be made
according to the following system (which may then form input into the overall project appraisal at the
end of the checklist).

Score Grade Criteria

Excellent : The environmental information contains everything

2 required for decision-making on the project. There
are no gaps.
1 Good : The environmental information contains most of the
information required as far as it is relevant in the
particular circumstances of this project; any gaps are
relatively minor.
0 Satisfactory : The information presented is not complete; there are
significant omissions but in the context of the
proposed project, these are not so great as to prevent
a decision being made on whether the project should
be allowed to proceed.
-1 Inadequate : Some of the information has been provided but,
there are major omissions; in the context of the
proposed project these must be addressed before a
decision on whether the project should be allowed to
proceed can be taken.
-2 Poor : The information required has not been provided or is
far from complete and, in the context of the
proposed project, the omissions must be addressed
before a decision in whether the project should be
allowed to proceed can be taken.

I recommend that this Review Area be assigned the following:

Grade Score Comment (where a score is less than or equal to zero, and,
where appropriate and feasible, please expand on recommended
future actions)
2. PROJECT AND PROCESS ALTERNATIVES

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)
2.1 Does the
information
include reference
to the
consideration of
alternative sites
by the
developer?

2.2 Whether
adequate
justification
provided for final
site selected?

2.3 Does the

proposal include
alternative
technologies and
implementation
phases
considered?
Project and Process Alternatives: Appraisal of Review Area

The reviewer can use this Area Checklist to derive a single appraisal of the quality of environmental
information submitted within each Appraisal Area. An appraisal of the information could be made
according to the following system (which may then form input into the overall project appraisal at the
end of the checklist).

Score Grade Criteria

2 Excellent : The environmental information contains everything required for decision-
making on the project. There are no gaps.

1 Good : The environmental information contains most of the information required

as far as it is relevant in the particular circumstances of this project; any
gaps are relatively minor.

0 Satisfactory : The information presented is not complete; there are significant omissions
but in the context of the proposed project, these are not so great as to
prevent a decision being made on whether the project should be allowed to
proceed.

-1 Inadequate : Some of the information has been provided but, there are major omissions;
in the context of the proposed project these must be addressed before a
decision on whether the project should be allowed to proceed can be taken.

-2 Poor : The information required has not been provided or is far from complete
and, in the context of the proposed project, the omissions must be
addressed before a decision in whether the project should be allowed to
proceed can be taken.

I recommend that this Review Area be assigned the following:

Grade Score Comment (where a score is less than or equal to zero, and, where appropriate
and feasible, please expand on recommended future actions)
3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

No. Relevant? Judgement Comment

Criterion (Y/N) (C/A/I)

The Area Occupied by and Surrounding the

Project

3.1 Has the study area/ impact area been

described?

3.2 Have the areas expected to be significantly

affected by the various aspects of the project
been indicated with the aid of scaled maps?

3.3 Have the land uses on the site(s) and

surrounding areas been described, in addition
to any ecologically sensitive areas?

3.4 Does the proposal take into account any

external on going or proposed industrial
activities in the area?

3.5 If the project is located in or near an

environmentally fragile area or hazard prone
zone, does the proposal clearly indicate this,
and assess the risk involved?
3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (Contd.)

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)

3.6 Are responsibilities clearly delineated, i.e. is

it clear who bears responsibility in case of
accident at project site?

Baseline Environmental Information

3.7 Have the components of the environment

likely to be affected by the project been
identified and described sufficiently for the
prediction of impacts?

3.8 Does baseline information account for

seasonal variation?

3.9 Where applicable does the baseline data

identify and enumerate flora and fauna
including seasonal variables, e.g. species,
migration routes spawning and breeding
grounds sand dunes, corals, mangroves?

Does the information include listings of

endemic and endangered species present within
the proposed project area?
3.10 Does the method of collection of data
conform to guidelines (as per the manual)?

3.11 Has prediction of the likely future

environmental conditions in the absence of
the project (Zero project option) been
developed?
3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (Contd.)
No. Criterion Relevant?(Y/ Judgement Comment
N) (C/A/I)

3.12 Whether sources of secondary

information been referred?
3.13 Is the project in conformity with the
approved regional and/or local
developmental plan(s)?

3 Description of the Environment: Appraisal of Review

Area
The reviewer can use this Area Checklist to derive a single appraisal of the quality of environmental
information submitted within each Appraisal Area. An appraisal of the information could be made
according to the following system (which may then form input into the overall project appraisal at the
end of the checklist).

Score Grade Criteria

2 Excellent : The environmental information contains everything required for
decision-making on the project. There are no gaps.
1 Good : The environmental information contains most of the information required
as far as it is relevant in the particular circumstances of this project; any
gaps are relatively minor.
0 Satisfactory The information presented is not complete; there are significant
: omissions but in the context of the proposed project, these are not so
great as to prevent a decision being made on whether the project should
be allowed to proceed.
-1 Inadequate Some of the information has been provided but, there are major
: omissions; in the context of the proposed project these must be addressed
before a decision on whether the project should be allowed to proceed
can be taken.

-2 Poor : The information required has not been provided or is far from complete
and, in the context of the proposed project, the omissions must be
addressed before a decision in whether the project should be allowed to
proceed can be taken.
 I recommend that this Review Area be assigned the following:

Grade Score Comment (where a score is less than or equal to zero, and, where appropriate
and feasible, please expand on recommended future actions)
4. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment
(Y/N) (C/A/I)

Impact Identification

(Note: impacts may be described taking into account

the mitigation measures which form a part of the
basic project design, or mitigation may be delineated
after significant impacts have been identified. In the
later case the information should describe impacts
before and after adopting mitigation measures).

4.1 Have direct and indirect/secondary effects of

constructing, and operating the project been
considered?
4.2 Does the information include likelihood of induced
developments and their impacts?
4.3 Have the above type of impacts been investigated in
so far as they affect the following:

 Air
 Noise
 Water
 Soil
 Landscape
 Land use
 Drainage pattern
 Ecology/flora/fauna
 Historic and cultural heritage
 Impacts on people and communities
 Impact on transport system
4. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
(Contd.)
No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment
(Y/N) (C/A/I)

4.4 If any of the above is not of concern in relation to the

specific project and its location is this clearly stated
in the information?

4.5 Is the investigation of each type of impact

appropriate to its importance to the decision-making
and concentrating on the key issues and avoid
unnecessary information.

4.6 Are the impacts that may be insignificant, but may

contribute incrementally to a significant effect,
considered?

4.7 Does the information include description of the

methods/approaches used to identify impacts and the
rationale for using them?

4.8 Has impacts due to upset operating conditions,

and/or unusual environmental conditions/ accidents
and emergencies been considered.

4.9 If the nature of the project is such that accidents are

possible that might cause severe damage to the
surrounding environment, has an assessment of the
probability and likely consequences of such events
been carried out and the main findings reported?
4. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
(Contd.)
No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment
(Y/N) (C/A/I)

Magnitude of Impacts

4.10 Are the impacts described in terms of nature and

magnitude of change (location, number, value, and
sensitivity) in the affected receptors?

4.11 Has the time-scale over which the effects will occur
been predicted (whether impacts are short, medium,
or long term, temporary or permanent, reversible or
irreversible?)

4.12 Where possible, have predictions of impacts been

expressed in quantitative terms? Otherwise have
qualitative descriptions been defined?

Data and Methods

4.13 Have the methods used to predict the nature, size

and scale of impacts been described and are
appropriate to the importance of each projected
impact?

4.14 Are the data used in impact predictions adequate?

Have their sources been clearly identified?
4. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
(Contd.)
No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment
(Y/N) (C/A/I)

Evaluation of Impact Significance

4.15 Has the significance of impacts on local

community and environment been
discussed?

4.16 Has the significance of impacts been

discussed taking into account the
appropriate National Standards or Norms,
wherever available?

4.17 Where National Standards or Norms are

not available, have the impacts been
evaluated with reference to the
Norms/Standards set by International
Agencies?

4.18 Does the information include a clear

indication of which impacts may be
significant and which may not?
4 Description of Environmental Impacts: Appraisal of
Review Area
The reviewer can use this Area Checklist to derive a single appraisal of the quality of environmental
information submitted within each Appraisal Area. An appraisal of the information could be made according
to the following system (which may then form input into the overall project appraisal at the end of the
checklist).
Score Grade Criteria
2 Excellent : The environmental information contains everything required for decision-
making on the project. There are no gaps.

1 Good : The environmental information contains most of the information required as

far as it is relevant in the particular circumstances of this project; any gaps are
relatively minor.

0 Satisfactory The information presented is not complete; there are significant omissions but
: in the context of the proposed project, these are not so great as to prevent a
decision being made on whether the project should be allowed to proceed.

-1 Inadequate Some of the information has been provided but, there are major omissions; in
: the context of the proposed project these must be addressed before a decision
on whether the project should be allowed to proceed can be taken.

-2 Poor : The information required has not been provided or is far from complete and, in
the context of the proposed project, the omissions must be addressed before a
decision in whether the project should be allowed to proceed can be taken.

I recommend that this Review Area be assigned the following:

Grade Score Comment (where a score is less than or equal to zero, and, where appropriate
and feasible, please expand on recommended future actions)
5. MITIGATION MEASURES

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)

Description of Mitigation Measures

5.1 Have the mitigation measures for the significant negative

impacts been elaborated?

5.2 Have the reasons for choosing the particular type of

mitigation, from the available options, been mentioned?

5.3 Where mitigation measures are proposed, has the

significance of any impact remaining after mitigation
been described?

5.4 Where appropriate are mitigation measures described

for each environmental component separately viz.:

• Air;
• Water;
• Land including coast.
• Flora and fauna including fisheries
• Socio-economic

In addition to the end-of-pipe treatment technologies for

pollution control, do mitigation measures consider
pollution prevention option(s)

5.5 Is it clear as to what extent the mitigation measures will

be effective? (State efficiencies)
5. MITIGATION MEASURES (Contd.)

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)

5.6 Have the parameters affecting the efficiency of mitigation

system been elaborated? Have the assumptions, if any,
made for selecting the particularly system been
mentioned?

Commitment to Mitigation

5.7 Has the applicant submitted commitment to the EMP?

5.8 Does the proposal include a description of the

environmental management structure or team responsible
for the monitoring and implementation of mitigation
measures, including timing and milestones?

5.9 Have details of how the mitigation measures will be

implemented and function over the time span for which
they are necessary been presented?

5.1 Are mechanisms for midcourse corrections in mitigation

0 required through monitoring feedback in place and clearly
described?
5. MITIGATION MEASURES (Contd.)

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)

5.11 Have adequate monitoring arrangements been

proposed to check the environmental impacts
resulting from the implementation of the project?

5.13
Other Relevant Criteria1[1]

5.14

5.15

5.16

5.17
5. MITIGATION MEASURES (Contd.)
No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment
(Y/N) (C/A/I)

5.11 Have adequate monitoring arrangements been

proposed to check the environmental impacts
resulting from the implementation of the project?

5.13
Other Relevant Criteria2[1]

5.14

5.15

5.16

5.17
 5 Mitigation Measures: Appraisal of Review Area
The reviewer can use this Area Checklist to derive a single appraisal of the quality of
environmental information submitted within each Appraisal Area. An appraisal of the
information could be made according to the following system (which may then form input into
the overall project appraisal at the end of the checklist).

Score Grade Criteria

2 Excellent : The environmental information contains everything required for

decision-making on the project. There are no gaps.

1 Good : The environmental information contains most of the information

required as far as it is relevant in the particular circumstances of this
project; any gaps are relatively minor.

0 Satisfactory The information presented is not complete; there are significant

: omissions but in the context of the proposed project, these are not so
great as to prevent a decision being made on whether the project
should be allowed to proceed.

-1 Inadequate Some of the information has been provided but, there are major
: omissions; in the context of the proposed project these must be
addressed before a decision on whether the project should be allowed
to proceed can be taken.

-2 Poor : The information required has not been provided or is far from complete
and, in the context of the proposed project, the omissions must be
addressed before a decision in whether the project should be allowed
to proceed can be taken.

I recommend that this Review Area be assigned the following:

Grade Score Comment (where a score is less than or equal to zero, and, where appropriate and
feasible, please expand on recommended future actions)
6. DIFFICULTIES IN COMPILING INFORMATION

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)

6.1 Have any gaps in the required data been indicated

and the means used to deal with them in the
assessment been explained?

6.2 Were difficulties faced in assembling or analysing

the data required for impact prediction? Have
such difficulties been mentioned? Have the data
been acknowledged?

Other Relevant Criteria1[1]

6.3

6.4

6.5

6.6
 6 Difficulties in Compiling Information: Appraisal of Review
Area
The reviewer can use this Area Checklist to derive a single appraisal of the quality of
environmental information submitted within each Appraisal Area. An appraisal of the
information could be made according to the following system (which may then form input into
the overall project appraisal at the end of the checklist).

Score Grade Criteria

2 Excellent : The environmental information contains everything required for
decision-making on the project. There are no gaps.

1 Good : The environmental information contains most of the information

required as far as it is relevant in the particular circumstances of
this project; any gaps are relatively minor.

0 Satisfactory The information presented is not complete; there are significant

: omissions but in the context of the proposed project, these are not
so great as to prevent a decision being made on whether the
project should be allowed to proceed.

-1 Inadequate Some of the information has been provided but, there are major
: omissions; in the context of the proposed project these must be
addressed before a decision on whether the project should be
allowed to proceed can be taken.

-2 Poor : The information required has not been provided or is far from
complete and, in the context of the proposed project, the omissions
must be addressed before a decision in whether the project should
be allowed to proceed can be taken.

I recommend that this Review Area be assigned the following:

Grade Score Comment (where a score is less than or equal to zero, and, where appropriate
and feasible, please expand on recommended future actions)
7. GENERAL PRESENTATION

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)

Organisation of the Information

7.1 Is the information logically arranged in sections?

7.2 Is the location of the information identified in an

index or table of contents?

7.3 When information from external sources has been

introduced, has a full reference to the source been
included?

Presentation of Information

7.4 Has information and analysis been offered to support

all conclusions drawn?

7.5 Has information and analysis been presented using

maps, tables, and graphics as appropriate so that it
can be understood by a non-specialist?

7.6 Are all the important data and results discussed in an

integrated fashion within the information?

7.7 Has superfluous information (i.e. information not

needed for the decision) been avoided?

7.8 Has the information been presented in a precise form

with a consistent terminology and are there logical
links between different sections?
7. GENERAL PRESENTATION (Contd.)

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)

7. Have prominence and emphasis been given to

9 severe adverse impacts, to substantial
environmental benefits, and controversial issues?

7. Is the information objective?

10
Other Relevant Criteria1[1]
7.
11

7.
12

7.
13
 7 General Presentation: Appraisal of Review Area
The reviewer can use this Area Checklist to derive a single appraisal of the quality of
environmental information submitted within each Appraisal Area. An appraisal of the
information could be made according to the following system (which may then form input into
the overall project appraisal at the end of the checklist).

Score Grade Criteria

2 Excellent : The environmental information contains everything required for
�
decision-making on the project. There are no gaps.

1 Good : The environmental information contains most of the information

required as far as it is relevant in the particular circumstances of
this project; any gaps are relatively minor.

0 Satisfactory : The information presented is not complete; there are significant

omissions but in the context of the proposed project, these are not
so great as to prevent a decision being made on whether the
project should be allowed to proceed.

-1 Inadequate : Some of the information has been provided but, there are major
omissions; in the context of the proposed project these must be
addressed before a decision on whether the project should be
allowed to proceed can be taken.

-2 Poor : The information required has not been provided or is far from
complete and, in the context of the proposed project, the omissions
must be addressed before a decision in whether the project should
be allowed to proceed can be taken.

I recommend that this Review Area be assigned the following:

Grade Score Comment (where a score is less than or equal to zero, and, where appropriate and
feasible, please expand on recommended future actions)
8. N0N-TECHNICAL SUMMARY

No. Criterion Relevant? Judgement Comment

(Y/N) (C/A/I)

8.1 Does the information contain at least a

brief description of the project and the
environment, an account of the main
mitigation measures to be undertaken by
the developer, and a description of any
remaining or residual impacts?

8.2 Have technical terms, lists of data and

detailed explanations of scientific
reasoning been avoided in the summary?

8.3 Does the non-technical summary present

the main findings of the assessment and
cover all the main issues?

8.4 Does the summary provide an indication

of the confidence that can be placed in the
results?

Other Relevant Criteria1[1]

8.5

8.6
8 Non-Technical Summary: Appraisal of Review Area
The reviewer can use this Area Checklist to derive a single appraisal of the quality of
environmental information submitted within each Appraisal Area. An appraisal of the
information could be made according to the following system (which may then form input
into the overall project appraisal at the end of the checklist).

Score Grade Criteria

2 Excellent : The environmental information contains everything required for
decision-making on the project. There are no gaps.

1 Good : The environmental information contains most of the information

required as far as it is relevant in the particular circumstances of
this project; any gaps are relatively minor.

0 Satisfactory : The information presented is not complete; there are significant

omissions but in the context of the proposed project, these are not
so great as to prevent a decision being made on whether the
project should be allowed to proceed.

-1 Inadequate : Some of the information has been provided but, there are major
omissions; in the context of the proposed project these must be
addressed before a decision on whether the project should be
allowed to proceed can be taken.

-2 Poor : The information required has not been provided or is far from
complete and, in the context of the proposed project, the
omissions must be addressed before a decision in whether the
project should be allowed to proceed can be taken.

I recommend that this Review Area be assigned the following:

Grade Score Comment (where a score is less than or equal to zero, and, where appropriate
and feasible, please expand on recommended future actions)
OVERALL APPRAISAL OF THE INFORMATION

This section will allow for the overall appraisal of the project proposal..

No. Review Area Score Judgement Comment

(C/A/I)

1 DESCRIPTION OF
THE PROJECT
2 PROJECT AND
PROCESS
ALTERNATIVES
3 DESCRIPTION OF
THE ENVIRONMENT
4 DESCRITPTION OF
IMPACTS
5 MITIGATION
MEASURES
6 DIFFICULTIES
COMPILING
INFORMATION
7 GENERAL
PRESENTATION
8 NON-TECHNICAL
SUMMARY
OVERALL
ASSESSMENT (Total
Score) :

I recommend Be Be Go for Expert Review

that this returned Processed
proposal (please
indicate):

Comments

Signed : Date: ......................................... Desk:.....

 EIA Notification

Annex I

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS

NOTIFICATION

New Delhi, the 27th January, 1994

(As amended on 04/05/1994, 10/04/1997, 27/1/2000 and 13/12/2000)

1. S.O. 60 (E) Whereas a notification under clause (a) of sub-rule (3) of rule 5 of the
Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 inviting objections from the public within sixty days
from the date of publication of the said notification, against the intention of the Central
Government to impose restrictions and prohibitions on the expansion and modernization of
any activity or new projects being undertaken in any part of India unless environmental
clearance has been accorded by the Central Government or the State Government in
accordance with the procedure specified in that notification was published as SO No. 80(E)
dated 28th January, 1993;

And whereas all objections received have been duly considered;

Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) and clause (v) of sub-
section (2) of section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986) read with
clause (d) of sub-rule (3) of rule 5 of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, the Central
Government hereby directs that on and from the date of publication of this notification in the
Official Gazette, expansion or modernization of any activity (if pollution load is to exceed
the existing one, or new project listed in Schedule I to this notification, shall not be
undertaken in any part of India unless it has been accorded environmental clearance by the
Central Government in accordance with the procedure hereinafter specified in this
notification;

2. Requirements and procedure for seeking environmental clearance of projects:

I(a) Any person who desires to undertake any new project in any part of India or the
expansion or modernization of any existing industry or project listed in the Schedule-I
shall submit an application to the Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests, New
Delhi.

The application shall be made in the proforma specified in Schedule-II of this notification
and shall be accompanied by a project report which shall, inter alia, include an
Environmental Impact Assessment Report, an ** Environment Management Plan and
details of public hearing as specified in Schedule-IV** prepared in accordance with the
guidelines issued by the Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests
from time to time.

(b) Cases rejected due to submission of insufficient or inadequate data and *Plans may be
reviewed as and when submitted with complete data and *Plans. Submission of
incomplete data or plans for the second time would itself be a sufficient reason for the
Impact assessment Agency to reject the case summarily.

II In case of the following site specific projects:

a) mining;
b) pit-head thermal power stations;
c) hydro-power, major irrigation projects and/or their combination including flood
control;
d) ports and harbours (excluding minor ports);
e) *prospecting and exploration of major minerals in areas above 500 hectares; *

The project authorities will intimate the location of the project site to the Central
Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests while initiating any
investigation and surveys. The Central Government in the Ministry of Environment
and Forests will convey a decision regarding suitability or otherwise of the
proposed site within a maximum period of thirty days. *The said site clearance
shall be granted for a sanctioned capacity and shall be valid for a period of five
years for commencing the construction, operation or mining. *

III The reports submitted with the application shall be evaluated and assessed by the
Impact Assessment Agency, *and if deemed necessary it may consult* a
committee of Experts, having a composition as specified in Schedule-III of this
Notification. The Impact Assessment Agency (IAA) would be the Union Ministry
 of Environment and Forests. The Committee of Experts mentioned above shall be
constituted by the Impact Assessment Agency or such other body under the Central
Government authorised by the Impact Assessment Agency in this regard.

(b) The said Committee of Experts shall have full right of entry and inspection
of the site or, as the case may be, factory premises at any time prior to,
during or after the commencement of the operations relating to the project.

**(c) The Impact Assessment Agency shall prepare a set of recommendations

based on technical assessment of documents and data, furnished by the
project authorities, supplemented by data collected during visits to sites or
factories if undertaken, and details of public hearing.

The assessment shall be completed within a period of ninety days from receipt of the
requisite documents and data from the project authorities and completion of public
hearing and decision conveyed within thirty days thereafter.

The clearance granted shall be valid for a period of five years for commencement of the
construction or operation of the project. **

*III A.* No construction work, preliminary or otherwise, relating to the setting up of the
project may be undertaken till the environmental and site clearance is obtained.

IV. In order to enable the Impact Assessment Agency to monitor effectively the
implementation of the recommendations and conditions subject to which the
environmental clearance has been given, the project authorities concerned shall submit a
half yearly report to the *Impact Assessment Agency. Subject to the public interest, *
the Impact Assessment Agency shall make compliance reports publicly available.

V. If no comments from the Impact Assessment Agency are received within the time limit,
the project would be deemed to have been approved as proposed by project authorities.

3. Nothing contained in this Notification shall apply to:

 (a) any item falling under entry Nos. 3, 18 and 20 of the Schedule-I to be located or
proposed to be located in the areas covered by the Notifications S.O. No.102 (E)
dated 1st February, 1989, S.O. 114 (E) dated 20th February, 1991; *S.O. No. 416
(E) dated 20th June, 1991* and S.O. No.319 (E) dated 7th May, 1992.

(b) any item falling under entry Nos.1,2,3,4,5,9,10,13, 16,17,19,*21*,25 and 27 of

Schedule-I if the investment is less than Rs.50 crores.
(c) any item reserved for Small Scale Industrial Sector with investment less than Rs. 1
crore.
(d) defence related road construction projects in border areas.

4. Concealing factual data or submission of false, misleading data/reports, decisions or

recommendations would lead to the project being rejected. Approval, if granted earlier on
the basis of false data, would also be revoked. Misleading and wrong information will
cover the following:

 False information

 False data

 Engineered reports

 Concealing of factual data

 False recommendations or decisions

 [No.Z-12013/4/89-IA-I]

SCHEDULE-I

(See paras 1 and 2)

LIST OF PROJECTS REQUIRING ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE FROM THE

CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

1. Nuclear Power and related projects such as Heavy Water Plants, nuclear fuel complex,
Rare Earths.
2. River Valley projects including hydel power, major Irrigation and their combination
including flood control.
3. Ports, Harbours, Airports (except minor ports and harbours).
4. Petroleum Refineries including crude and product pipelines.
5. Chemical Fertilizers (Nitrogenous and Phosphatic other than single superphosphate).
6. Pesticides (Technical).
7. Petrochemical complexes (Both Olefinic and Aromatic) and Petro-chemical intermediates
such as DMT, Caprolactam, LAB etc. and production of basic plastics such as LLDPE,
HDPE, PP, PVC.
8. Bulk drugs and pharmaceuticals.
9. Exploration for oil and gas and their production, transportation and storage.
10.Synthetic Rubber.
11.Asbestos and Asbestos products.
12.Hydrocyanic acid and its derivatives.
13. (a) Primary metallurgical industries (such as production of Iron and Steel, Aluminium,
Copper, Zinc, Lead and Ferro Alloys).

(b) Electric arc furnaces (Mini Steel Plants).

14.Chlor alkali industry.

15.Integrated paint complex including manufacture of resins and basic raw materials
required in the manufacture of paints.
16.Viscose Staple fibre and filament yarn.
17.Storage batteries integrated with manufacture of oxides of lead and lead antimony alloys.
18.All tourism projects between 200m00 metres of High Water Line and at locations with an
elevation of more than 1000 metres with investment of more than Rs.5 crores.
19.Thermal Power Plants.
20.Mining projects *(major minerals)* with leases more than 5 hectares.
 21.Highway Projects **except projects relating to improvement work including widening
and strengthening of roads with marginal land acquisition along the existing alignments
provided it does not pass through ecologically sensitive areas such as National Parks,
Sanctuaries, Tiger Reserves, Reserve Forests**
22.Tarred Roads in the Himalayas and or Forest areas.
23.Distilleries.
24.Raw Skins and Hides
25.Pulp, paper and newsprint.
26.Dyes.
27.Cement.
28.Foundries (individual)
29.Electroplating
30.Meta amino phenol

SCHEDULE-II

[See Sub-para I (a) of para 2]

APPLICATION FORM

1. (a) Name and Address of the project proposed:

(b) Location of the project:

1. Name of the Place:
2. District, Tehsil:
3. Latitude/Longitude:
4. Nearest Airport/Railway Station:
(c) Alternate sites examined and the reasons for selecting the proposed site:
(d) Does the site conform to stipulated land use as per local land use plan:

2. Objectives of the project:

3. (a) Land Requirement:

Agriculture Land:
 Forest land and Density of vegetation.

Other (specify):

(b) (i) Land use in the Catchment within 10 kms radius of theproposed site:

(ii) Topography of the area indicating gradient, aspects and altitude:

(iii) Erodibility classification of the proposed land:

(c) Pollution sources existing in 10 km radius and their impact on quality of air, water and land:

(d) Distance of the nearest National Park/Sanctuary/Biosphere Reserve/Monuments/heritage

site/Reserve Forest:

(e) Rehabilitation plan for quarries/borrow areas:

(f) Green belt plan:

(g) Compensatory afforestation plan:

4. Climate and Air Quality:

a) Windrose at site:
b) Max/Min/Mean annual temperature:
c) Frequency of inversion:
d) Frequency of cyclones/tornadoes/cloud burst:
e) Ambient air quality data:
f) Nature & concentration of emission of SPM, Gas (CO, CO2, NOx, CHn etc.) from the
project:

5. Water balance:

(a) Water balance at site:

(b) Lean season water availability;
Water Requirement:
(c) Source to be tapped with competing users (River, Lake, Ground, Public
supply):
 (d) Water quality:
(e) Changes observed in quality and quantity of groundwater in the last years
and present charging and extraction details:
(f) (i) Quantum of waste water to be released with treatment details:

(ii) Quantum of quality of water in the receiving body before and after
disposal of solid wastes:

(iii) Quantum of waste water to be released on land and type of land:

(g) (i) Details of reservoir water quality with necessary Catchment Treatment
Plan:

(ii) Command Area Development Plan:

6. Solid wastes:

(a) Nature and quantity of solid wastes generated

(b) Solid waste disposal method:

7. Noise and Vibrations:

(a) Sources of Noise and Vibrations:

(b) Ambient noise level:

(c) Noise and Vibration control measures proposed:

(d) Subsidence problem, if any, with control measures:

8. Power requirement indicating source of supply: Complete environmental details to be

furnished separately, if captive power unit proposed:

9. Peak labour force to be deployed giving details of:

- Endemic health problems in the area due to waste water/air/soil borne diseases:

- Health care system existing and proposed:

10. (a) Number of villages and population to be displaced:

(c) Rehabilitation Master Plan:

11. Risk Assessment Report and Disaster Management Plan:

 Report prepared as per guidelines issued by the Central Government in the MOEF from
time to time:

12. (a) Environmental Impact Assessment

(b) Environment Management Plan:

(c) Detailed Feasibility Report:

(d) Duly filled in questionnaire

13. Details of Environmental Management Cell:

I hereby give an undertaking that the data and information given above are due to the best of my
knowledge and belief and I am aware that if any part of the data/information submitted is found
to be false or misleading at any stage, the project be rejected and the clearance given, if any, to
the project is likely to be revoked at our risk and cost.

Signature of the applicant

With name and full address

Given under the seal of

Date:
Organisation on behalf of

Place:

Whom the applicant is signing

In respect to item for which data are not required or is not available as per the declaration of
project proponent, the project would be considered on that basis.
CHEDULE-III

[See sub-para III (a) of Para 2]

COMPOSITION OF THE EXPERT COMMITTEES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

1. *The Committees will consist of experts in the following disciplines:*

(i) Eco-system Management

(ii) Air/Water Pollution Control

(iii) Water Resource Management

(iv) Flora/Fauna conservation and management

(v) Land Use Planning

(vi) Social Sciences/Rehabilitation

(vii) Project Appraisal

(viii) Ecology

(ix) Environmental Health

(x) Subject Area Specialists

(xi) Representatives of NGOs/persons concerned with environmental issues.

2. The Chairman will be an outstanding and experienced ecologist or environmentalist or technical

professional with wide managerial experience in the relevant development sector.

3. The representative of Impact Assessment Agency will act as a Member-Secretary.

4. Chairman and Members will serve in their individual capacities except those specifically nominated as
representatives.

5. The Membership of a Committee shall not exceed 15.

SCHEDULE-IV

(See Sub-para 1 of para 2)

Procedure for Public Hearing

(1) Process of Public Hearing: - Whoever apply for environmental clearance of projects, shall submit to the
concerned State Pollution Control Board twenty sets of the following documents namely: -

(i) An executive summary containing the salient features of the project both in English as well as local
language.

(ii) Form XIII prescribed under Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, 1975 where discharge
of sewage, trade effluents, treatment of water in any form, is required.

(iii) Form I prescribed under Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Under Territory Rules, 1983 where
discharge of emissions are involved in any process, operation or industry.

(iv) Any other information or document, which is necessary in the opinion of the Board for their final
disposal of the application.

(2) Notice of Public Hearing: -

(i) The State Pollution Control Board shall cause a notice for environmental public hearing which shall be
published in at least two newspapers widely circulated in the region around the project, one of which
shall be in the vernacular language of the locality concerned. State Pollution Control Board shall
mention the date, time and place of public hearing. Suggestions, views, comments and objections of the
public shall be invited within thirty days from the date of publication of the notification.

(ii) All persons including bona fide residents, environmental groups and others located at the project
site/sites of displacement/sites likely to be affected can participate in the public hearing. They can also
make oral/written suggestions to the State Pollution Control Board.
Explanation: - For the purpose of the paragraph person means: -

(a) any person who is likely to be affected by the grant of environmental clearance;

(b) any person who owns or has control over the project with respect to which an application has been
submitted for environmental clearance;

(c) any association of persons whether incorporated or not like to be affected by the project and/or
functioning in the filed of environment;

(d) any local authority within any part of whose local limits is within the neighbourhood, wherein the
project is proposed to be located.

(3) Composition of public hearing panel: - The composition of Public Hearing Panel may consist of
the following, namely: -

(i) Representative of State Pollution Control Board;

(ii) District Collector or his nominee;

(iii) Representative of State Government dealing with the subject;

(iv) Representative of Department of the State Government dealing with Environment;

(v) Not more than three representatives of the local bodies such as Municipalities or panchayats;

(vi) Not more than three senior citizens of the area nominated by the District Collector.

(4) Access to the Executive Summary:- The concerned persons shall be provided access to the Executive
Summary of the project at the following places, namely:-

(i) District Collector Office;

(ii) District Industry Centre;

 (iii) In the Office of the Chief Executive Officers of Zila Praishad or Commissioner of the Municipal
Corporation/Local body as the case may be;

(iv) In the head office of the concerned State Pollution Control Board and its concerned Regional
Office.

(v) In the concerned Department of the State Government dealing with the subject of environment.

[No.Z-12013/4/89-IA]

Foot NOTE: The Principal Notification was published vide number S.O. 60 (E) dated 27th January 1994 and
subsequently amended vide numbers S.O. 356(E) dated 4th may, 1994, S.O. 318 (E) dated 10th
April, 1997, S.O. 73 (E) dated 27th January, 2000 and S. O. 1119 (E) dated 13th December, 2000.

*****

NOTE: * and** and bold letters indicate amendments

 Annex II

List of Ecologically Sensitive Places

Annex II

List of Environmentally Sensitive Places

 Religious and historic places

 Archaeological monuments/sites
 Scenic areas
 Hill resorts/mountains/ hills
 Beach resorts
 Health resorts
 Coastal areas rich in corals, mangroves, breeding grounds of specific species
 Estuaries rich in mangroves, breeding ground of specific species
 Gulf areas
 Biosphere reserves
 National park and wildlife sanctuaries
 Natural lakes, swamps Seismic zones tribal Settlements
 Areas of scientific and geological interests
 Defense installations, specially those of security importance and sensitive to
pollution
 Border areas (international)
 Airport
 Tiger reserves/elephant reserve/turtle nestling grounds
 Habitat for migratory birds
 Lakes, reservoirs, dams
 Streams/rivers/estuary/seas
 Railway lines
 Highways
 Urban agglomeration
 AnnexIII

International Agreements and Commitments to Conventions

Annex III

International Agreement and Commitment to Environmental Concerns

Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of Provides the intergovernmental framework for
International Importance Especially international co-operation for the conservation and
as Waterfowl Habitat (2 February wise use of wetland habitat and species.
1971), as amended

Convention Concerning the Protect cultural monuments and natural sites within
Protection of the World Cultural their territory that are recognised to be of such
and Natural Heritage (Paris, 12 outstanding universal value that safeguarding them
November 1972) concern humanity as a whole.

Convention on International Trade To ensure, through international co-operation, that the

in Endangered Species in Wild international trade in specimens of species of wild
Fauna and Flora (Washington, 3 fauna and flora does not threaten the conservation
March 1973) status of the species concerned.

Bonn Convention on the To conserve migratory species by Parties restricting

Conservation of Migratory Species harvests, conserving habitat and controlling other
of Wild Animals (Bonn, 23 June adverse factors. Sustainable utilisation is an implicit
1979) goal.

The International Tropical Timber To promote the management of tropical forests on a

Agreement (Geneva, 18 November sustainable basis and to provide a framework for
1983) co-operation between production and consuming
member states in the tropical timber industry.

International Undertaking on Plant To ensure that plant genetic resources are preserved,
Genetic Resources (Rome, 23 particularly cultivated varieties of plants, plants or
November 1983) as supplemented varieties which have been in cultivation in the past,
primitive versions of cultivated plants, wild relatives
of such plants and certain special genetic stocks and
restrict destructive impact of development activities
to conserve plant varieties which are threatened with
extinction as a result of deforestation (especially in
tropical areas) or changes in agricultural practices
Contd...
Vienna Convention for the
Protection of the Ozone
Layer (Vienna, 22 March
1988) and Montreal Protocol
on Substances that Deplete
the Ozone Layer (Montreal,
16 September 1987)
To protect the ozone layer by taking precautionary measures
to control equitably total global emissions of substances that
deplete it, with the ultimate objective of their elimination on
the basis of developments in scientific knowledge, taking into
account technical and economic considerations and bearing in
mind the developmental needs of developing countries.

International Convention To prevent the pollution of the marine environment by the

for the Prevention of operation discharge of oil and other harmful substances and
Pollution from Ships the minimisation of accidental discharge of such substances.
(London, 2 November 1973),
as amended

International Convention To adopt regulations for purposes of conservation and

for the Regulation of utilisation of whale resources, and to serve as an agency for
Whaling (Washington, 2 the collection, analysis and publication of scientific
December 1946), as information related to whaling.
amended

United Nations General
Assembly Resolution 913 (X)
Establishing the Scientific
Committee on the Effects of
Atomic Radiation
(UNSCEAR) (3 December
1955)
The basic objective of the Resolution is to collect and interpret
all available scientific data on the effects of ionising radiation
on man and his environment, including assessment of
radiation levels and exposures from both natural and
man-made sources, and to report on these evaluations to the
General Assembly and the world community.

Convention on Early Provide information as early as possible in order to minimise

Notification of a Nuclear the trans -boundary environmental, health and economic
Accident (hereafter consequences of a nuclear accident.
Notification Convention),
and Convention on
Assistance in the Case of a
Nuclear Accident or a
Radiological Emergency
(hereafter Assistance
Convention), (Vienna, 26
September 1986)
Contd.
The convention concerning the It contains 15 substantive articles requiring, inter alia,
Protection of Workers against that ratifying States make every effort to restrict the
Ionising Radiation (ILO exposure of workers to ionising radiation to the lowest
Convention 115, Geneva, 22 June practicable level, to fix maximum permissible doses of
1960) (hereafter, Radiation ionising radiation which may be received from sources
Protection Convention, 1960); external or internal to the body, to provide appropriate
warnings to indicate the presence of hazards from
ionising radiation, to monitor workers in order to
measure their exposure to ionising radiation, to provide
appropriate medical examinations of workers and to
provide appropriate inspection services for the purpose of
supervising the application of its provisions.

The Convention concerning It contains 13 substantive articles providing, inter-alia,

Protection against Hazards of
Poisoning Arising from Benzene
(ILO Convention 136, Geneva,
23 June 1971) (hereafter,
Benzene Convention, 1971);
that whenever harmless or less harmful substitute
products are available, ratifying States should use such
substitutes instead of benzene.

The International Convention on To apportion the liability of oil pollution on the owner of
Civil Liability for Oil Pollution oil tanker.
Damage, Brussels 1969 (CLC)

The International Convention on Provide for a compensation system in order to ensure full
the Establishment of an compensation to victims; and (b) to distribute the
International Fund for economic burden between shipping and cargo interests.
Compensation of Oil Pollution
Damage, Brussels 1971 (Fund
Convention);
 Annex IV

Methods of Monitoring and Analysis

Annex IV

Guidance for assessment of representativeness and reliability of baseline environmental attributes

(Also Please Refer CPCB Guidelines on Methods of Monitoring and Analysis)

Attributes Sampling Measurement Method Remarks

� Air Environment
A.� Network Frequenc
y
Meteorological IS 5182 Part 1-20

 Wind speed Minimum 1 site 1 hourly Mechanical/a Site specific primary data is
continuous utomatic essential
 Wind direction in the project impact area weather
station
 Dry bulb temperature

 Wet bulb temperature

 Relative humidity
Secondary data from IMD,
 Rainfall New Delhi
Rain gauge
 Solar radiation As per IMD
specifications
 Cloud cover CPCB guidelines
As per IMD
 Environmental Lapse Rate specifications

Mini
Sonde/SODA
R
Pollutants Monitoring Network

 SPM 10 to 15 locations in the 24 hourly Gravimetric  Minimum 2 locations in

project impact area twice a (High- upwind side, more sites in
week Volume) downwind side / impact
zone
(Please
refer
 RPM National Gravimetric  All the sensitive
Ambient (High- receptors need to be
Air Volume with covered
Quality Cyclone)
Standards,
CPCB
 SO2 Notificatio EPA Measurement Methods
n dated Modified
11th April, West &
1994) Gaeke
method
 NOx Arsenite As per CPCB standards for
modified NAQM, 1994
Jacob &
Hochheiser
 CO 8 hourly NDIR
twice a technique
week
 H2S* 24 hourly Methylene-
twice a blue
week
 NH*3 Nessler�s
method
 HC* Infra Red
analyser
 Fluoride* Specific Ion
meter
 Pb*

*Project Specific

Note: For Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment one complete season data except monsoon is adequate while the
comprehensive Environmental Impact Assessment Resources coverage of three seasons

Guidance for assessment of representativeness and reliability of baseline environmental attributes

 Attributes Sampling Measurement Remarks
Method
B. Noise Network Frequency
 Hourly equivalent noise Identified study Once in each Instrument : Noise IS:4954-1968 as adopted
levels area season level meter by CPCB
 Hourly equivalent noise Inplant (1.5 metre Once Instrument : Noise CPCB/OSHA
levels from machinery) level meter
 Hourly equivalent noise Highways Once in each Instrument : Noise CPCB/IS:4954-1968
levels season level meter
 Peak particle velocity 150-200m from Once PPV meter
blast site

C. Water
Parameters for water  Set of grab Diurnal and Samples for water
quality samples during Season wise quality should be
pre and post- collected and analysed
 pH, temp, turbidity, monsoon for as per :
magnesium hardness, total ground and
alkalinity, chloride, surface water  IS : 2488 (Part 1-5)
sulphate, nitrate, fluoride, for 10 km methods for
sodium, potassium, distance sampling and
salinity testing of Industrial
effluents
 Total nitrogen, total
phosphorus, DO, BOD,  Standard methods
COD, Phenol for examination of
water and
 Heavy metals wastewater analysis
published by
 Total coliforms, faecal American Public
coliforms Health Association.

 Phyto plankton

 Zoo plankton

Guidance for assessment of representativeness and reliability of baseline environmental attributes

Attributes Sampling Measurement Method Remarks

Network Frequency
For River Bodies

 Total Carbon  Standard  Yield of water sources to be Samples for water quality Data should
methodology measured during critical season should be collected and be collected
 pH for collection analysed as per : from relevant
of surface  River Stretch within project offices such
 Dissolved Oxygen water (BIS area be divided in grids (say 1  IS : 2488 (Part 1-5) as central
standards) km length and 1/3 width) and methods for sampling and water
 Biological Oxygen samples should be from each testing of Industrial commission,
Demand grid at a time when the effluents state and
wastewater discharged by other central ground
 At least one sources of pollution is expected  Standard methods for water board,
  Free NH4 grab sample to be maximum examination of water and Irrigation
per location wastewater analysis dept.
 Boron per season published by American
Public Health Association.
 Sodium Absorption
Ratio

 Electrical
Conductivity

Guidance for assessment of representativeness and reliability of baseline environmental attributes

Attributes Sampling Measurement Method Remarks

Parameters for wastewater
characterisation
 Temp, colour, odour,
turbidity, TSS, TDS
 pH, alkalinity as CaCO3, p
value, M value, total
hardness as CaCO3, chloride
as Cl sulphate as SO4,
Nitrate as N O3, Fluoride as
F, Phosphate as PO4,
Chromium as Cr.
Network Frequency
 In plant  Diurnal and Samples for water quality All plant sources categorised
sources season wise should be collected and as :
variation analysed as per :
 Grab and  Process wastewater
 IS : 2488 (Part 1-5)
composite methods for sampling and  ETP wastewater
sampling testing of Industrial
effluents  Domestic/sanitary
wastewater
Standard methods for
examination of water and
wastewater analysis published
by American Public Health
(Hexavalent, total) Association.
Ammonical Nitrogen as N,
TKN, % sodium, BOD at
20�C, COD, DO, total
residual chlorine as Cl2, oil
and grease, sulphide,
phenolic compound

Contd...
Guidance for assessment of representativeness and reliability of baseline environmental attributes

Attributes Sampling Measurement Method Remarks

Network Frequency

� Land Environment
D.�
Soil One surface Seasonwise Collected and analysed as
sample from per soil analysis reference
 Particle size distribution each village, book, M.I.Jackson and soil
(soil samples be analysis reference book by
 Texture collected as per C.A. Black
BIS
 pH specifications)

 Electrical conductivity

 Cation exchange capacity

 Alkali metals

 Sodium Absorption Ratio

(SAR)

 Permeability

 Water holding capacity

 Porosity
Land use/Landscape At least 20 Global positioning system
points along the
 Location code boundary

 Total project area

 Topography Topo sheets

 Drainage (natural) Satellite Imageries*

(1:25,000)
 Cultivated, forest,
plantations, water bodies, Satellite Imageries*
roads and settlements
(1:25,000)

*Project specific

Contd...
 Guidance for assessment of representativeness and reliability of baseline environmental attributes

Attributes Sampling Measurement Method Remarks

Network Frequency
Solid Waste
Domestic Waste Grab and Seasonwise Guidelines
composite
 Per capita contribution samples IS 9569 : 1980

 Collection, transport and disposal IS 10447 : 1983

system
IS 12625 : 1989
 Process waste
IS 12647 : 1989
 Quality (oily, chemical,
biological) IS 12662 (PTI) 1989
Quality Grab and Seasonwise Analysis
composite
 Loss on heating samples IS 9334 : 1979

 pH IS 9235 : 1979

 EC IS 10158 : 1982

 Calorific value, metals etc.

Hazardous Waste Grab and Analysis
composite
 Permeability and porosity samples IS 9334 : 1979

 Moisture pH IS 9235 : 1979

 Electrical conductivity IS 10158 : 1982

 Loss on ignition

 Phosphorous

 Total nitrogen

 Cation exchange capacity

 Particle size distribution

 Heavy metal

 Arsenic

 Fluoride

Contd...
 Guidance for assessment of representativeness and reliability of baseline environmental attributes
Attributes
E. Biological Environment
Aquatic
 Primary productivity
 Aquatic weeds
 Enumeration of phyto
plankton, zoo plankton and
benthos
 Fisheries
 Diversity indices
 Trophic levels
 Rare and endangered
species
 Marine Parks/
Sanctuaries/ closed areas
/coastal regulation zone
Sampling Measurement Method Remarks
Network Frequency
 Considering Season wise Standard techniques  Seasonal sampling for
probable impact, (APHA et. al. 1995, Rau aquatic biota
sampling points and and Wooten 1980) to be
number of samples followed for sampling and  One season for
to be decided on measurement terrestrial biota, in
personal judgement addition to vegetation
within 10/25 km studies during monsoon
radius from the season
proposed site
 Preliminary assessment
 Samples to collect
from upstream and  Microscopic analysis of
downstream of plankton and me bents,
discharge point, studies of macro fauna,
nearby tributaries at aquatic vegetation and
down stream, and application of indices,
also from dug wells viz. Shannon, similarity,
close to activity site dominance IVI etc.
 Point quarter plot less
method for terrestrial
vegetation survey
 (CRZ)

Terrestrial

 Vegetation-species list,
economic importance,
forest produce, medicinal
value

 Importance value index

(IVI) of trees

 Fauna

Contd...
 Guidance for assessment of representativeness and reliability of baseline environmental attributes

Attributes Sampling Measurement Method Remarks

Network Frequency
 Avi fauna  For forest  Secondary data to collect
studies, direction from Government offices,
 Rare and endangered of wind should NGOs, published literature
species be considered
while selecting  Plankton net
 Sanctuaries / National forests
park / Biosphere reserve  Sediment dredge

 Migratory routes  Depth sampler

 Microscope

F. socio-economic
 Demographic structure
 Infrastructure resource
base
 Economic resource base
 Field binocular
Socio-economic Minimum for Primary data collection Secondary data from census
survey is based on two phases of through questionnaire records, statistical hard books,
proportionate, the project topo sheets, health records and
stratified and relevant official records
random sampling available with Govt. agencies
method

 Health status : Morbidity

pattern
 Cultural and aesthetic
attributes

 Education
 Annex V

Models for Impact Predictions

Annex V.1

Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods and Framework
used for Impact Prediction:

Air Environment

(Also Please Refer CPCB Guidelines for Air Quality Modelling PROBES/70/1997-98)

Model Application Remarks

 ISCST 2  Appropriate for point, area  Can take up to 99 sources
and line sources
 Computes concentration on 600 receptors
 Applicable for flat or rolling in Cartesian or polar co-ordinate system
terrain
 Can take receptor elevation

 Requires source data, meteorological and

 Transport distance up to 50 receptor data as input.
km valid

 Computes for 1 hr to annual

averaging periods
 PTMAX  Screening model applicable  Requires source characteristics
for a single point source
 No met data required
 Computes maximum
concentration and distance of  Used mainly for ambient air monitoring
maximum concentration network design
occurrence as a function of
wind speed and stability
class
 PTDIS  Screening model applicable  Requires source characteristics
for a single point source
 Average met data (wind speed,
 Computes maximum temperature, stability class etc.) required
pollutant concentration and
its occurrence for the  Used mainly to see likely impact of a
prevailing meteorological single source
 conditions
 MPTER  Appropriate for point, area  Can take up to 250 sources
and line sources
 Computes concentration at 180 receptors
Applicable for flat or rolling up to 10 km
terrain
 Requires source data, meteorological data
 Transport distance up to 50 and receptor co-ordinates
km valid

 Computes for 1 hr to annual

averaging periods

 Terrain adjustment is
possible

Contd...

Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods and

Framework used for Impact Prediction

Model Application Remarks

 CTDM PLUS  Point source steady state
(Complex Terrain model, can estimate hourly
Dispersion Model) average concentration in
isolated hills/array of hills
 Can take maximum 40 stacks and
computes concentration at maximum
400 receptors
 Does not simulate calm met conditions

 Hill slopes are assumed not to exceed

15 degrees

 Requires source, met and terrain

characteristics and receptor details
 UAM (Urban Air  3-D grid type numerical
shed Model) simulation model

 Computes O3 concentration
under short term episodic
conditions lasting for 1 or 2
days resulting from NOx and
VOCs

 Appropriate for single urban

area having significant O3
problems
 RAM (Rural Air  Steady state Gaussian plume  Suitable for flat terrain
shed Model) model for computing
concentration of relatively  Transport distance less than 50 kms
 stable pollutants for 1 hr to 1
day averaging time
 Applicable for point and area
sources in rural and urban
setting
 CRESTER  Applicable for single point
source either in rural or urban
setting
 Computes highest and second
highest concentration for 1hr, 3
hr, 24 hr and annual averaging
times
 Tabulates 50 highest
concentrations for entire year
for each averaging times
 Can take up to 19 stacks simultaneously
at a common site
 Unsuitable for cool and high velocity
emissions
 Do not account for tall buildings or
topographic features
 Computes concentration at 180
receptor, circular wing at five
downwind ring distance 36 radials
 Require source, and met data
Contd...
 Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods
and Framework used for Impact Prediction: Air Environment

Model Application Remarks

 OCD  It determines the impact of offshore
(Offshore emissions from point sources on the
and air quality of coastal regions
coastal
Dispersion  It incorporates over water plume
Model) transport and dispersion as well as
changes that occur as the plume
crosses the shore line
 Requires source emission data
 Require hourly met data at offshore and
onshore locations like water surface
temperature over water air temperature
relative humidity etc.

 Most suitable for over water sources

where onshore receptors are below the
lowest shore height
 FDM  Suitable for emissions from fugitive  Require dust source particle sizes
(Fugitive dust sources
Dust  Source co-ordinates for area sources,
Model) for  Source may be point, area or line (up source height and geographic details
Fugitive to 121 source)
emissions  Can compute concentration at max. 1200
estimation  Require particle size classification receptors
max. up to 20 sizes
 Require met data (wind direction, speed,
 Computes concentrations for 1hr, 3hr, temperature, mixing height and stability
8hr, 24hr or annual average periods class)

 Model do not include buoyant point

 RTDM  Estimates GLC is complex/rough (or 
(Rough flat) terrain in the vicinity of one or
Terrain more co-located point sources
Diffusion
Model)  Transport distance max. up to 15 km
 Can be used as screening model
beyond 15 km to up to 50 km
 Computes for 1 to 24 hr. or annual
average concentrations
sources, hence no plume rise algorithm
Can take up to 35 co-located point
sources
 Require source data and hourly met data
 computes concentration at maximum 400
receptors
 Suitable only for non reactive gases
 Do not include gravitational effects or
depletion mechanism such as rain / wash
out, dry deposition

Contd...
 Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods
and Framework used for Impact Prediction: Air Environment

Model Application Remarks

 CDM  It is a climatological steady state GPM for  Suitable for point and area sources in
(Clima determining long term (seasonal or annual) urban region, flat terrain
tologic arithmetic average pollutant concentration at
al any ground level receptor in an urban area  Valid for transport distance less than 50
Disper kms
sion
Model  Long term averages : one month to one
) year or longer
  Applicable to assess visibility impairment  Require source characteristics, met data
PLUV due to pollutants emitted from well defined and receptor co-ordinates & elevation
UE-II point sources
(Plume  Require atmospheric aerosols
Visibil  It is used to calculate visual range reduction (background & emitted) characteristics,
ity and atmospheric discoloration caused by like density, particle size
Model plumes
)  Require background pollutant
 It predicts transport, atmospheric diffusion, concentration of SO4-, NO3--, NOx,
chemical conversion, optical effects, surface NO2, O3, SO2 and deposition velocities
deposition of point source emissions of SO2, NO2 and aerosols
  It is a Gaussian, Variable trajectory, puff  Can model five pollutants
MESO superposition model designed to account for simultaneously (SO2, SO4, NOx, HNO3
-PUFF spatial and temporal variations in transport, and NO3)
II diffusion, chemical transformation and
(Meso removal mechanism encountered on regional  Require source characteristics
scale scale.
Puff  Can take 20 point sources or 5 area
Model  Plume is modelled as a series of discrete sources
) puffs and each puff is transported
independently  For area source-location, effective
height, initial puff size, emission is
 Appropriate for point and area sources in required
urban areas
 Computes pollutant concentration at
 Regional scale model. max. 180 discrete receptors and 1600
(40 x 40) girded receptors

 Require hourly surface data including

cloud cover and twice a day upper air
data (pressure, temp., height, wind
speed, direction)

Contd...
 Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods and
Framework used for Impact Prediction: Noise Environment

Model Application Remarks

 FHWA (Federal Highway Noise Impact due to vehicular
Administration) movement on highways

 Dhawani For predictions of impact due to Model developed at NEERI,

 Hemispherical sound wave
propagation
 Air Port:
 Federal Aviation
Administration EPA
 United States Air Force
group of noise sources in the Nagpur
industrial complex (multiple sound
sources)
For predictive impact due to single
noise source
For predicting impact of traffic on
airport and rail road
 Annex V.2
Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods and
Framework used for Impact Prediction: Water Environment

Name Applications Remarks

 QUAL-II E  Wind effect is insignificant, vertical disperse effects Steady state or dynamic
insignificant applicable to streams model

 Data required

 Deoxygenation coefficients, re-aeration coefficients for

carbonaceous, nitrogenous and benthic substances,
dissolved oxygen deficit
 The model is found excellent to generate water quality
parameters

 Photosynthetic and respiration rate of suspended and

attached algae
 Parameters measured up to 15 components can be
simulated in any combination, e.g. ammonia, nitrite,
nitrate, phosphorous, carbonaceous BOD, benthic
oxygen demand, DO, coli forms, conservative
substances and temperature
 DOSAG-3,  Water quality simulation model for streams & canal Steady-state
USEPA :
(1-D)
RECEIV-
II, USEPA  A general water quality model
 Explore-I,  A river basin water quality model Dynamic, simple
USEPA hydrodynamics
 HSPF,  Hydrologic simulation model Dynamic, simple
USEPA hydrodynamics
 RECEIVE-  A general dynamic planning model for water quality
II, USEPA management

Contd...
 Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods and
Framework used for Impact Prediction: Water Environment

Name Applications Remarks

Stanford  This model simulates stream flows once historic
watershed precipitation data are supplied
model
 The major components of the hydrologic cycle are
modelled including interception, surface detention, overland
flow, inflow, groundwater, evapo-transpiration and routing
of channel flows, temperature, TDS, DO, carbonaceous
BOD coliforms, algae, zoo plankton, nitrite, nitrate,
ammonia, phosphate and conservative substances can be
simulated
Hydrocomp  Long-term meteorological and wastewater characterisation Time dependant
model data is used to simulate stream flows and stream water (Dynamic)
quality

Storm water  Runoff is modelled from overland flow, through surface Time dependant
Management channels, and through sewer network Both combined and
model separate sewers can be modelled.
(SWMM)
 This model also enables to simulate water quality effects of
storm water or combined sewer discharges. This model
simulates run-off resulting from individual rainfall events
Battelle  Water body is divided into segments along the direction of Two dimensional
Reservoir the flow and each segment is divided into number of multi-segment model
model horizontal layers. The model is found to generate excellent
simulation of temperature and good prediction of water
quality parameters.

 The model simulates temperature, DO, total and benthic

BOD, phyto plankton, zoo plankton, organic and inorganic
nitrogen, phosphorous, coli form bacteria, toxic substances
and hydrodynamic conditions
TIDEP  Horizontal temperature homogeneity Coefficient of vertical Steady state model
(Turbulent turbulent diffusion constant for change of area with depth
diffusion negligible coefficient of thermal exchange constant
temperature
model  Data required Wind speed, air temperature, air humidity,
reservoirs) net incoming radiation, surface water temperature, heat
exchange coefficients and vertical turbulent diffusion
coefficients
BIOLAKE  Model estimates potential fish harvest from a lake

Contd...
 Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods
and Framework used for Impact Prediction: Water Environment

Name Applications Remarks

Estuary models/  It simulates tides, currents, and discharges in Dynamic model
estuarial Dynamic shallow, vertically mixed estuaries excited by
model ocean tides, hydrologic influx, and wind action

 Tides, currents in estuary are simulated

Dynamic Water  It simulates the mass transport of either Dynamic model
Quality model conservative or non-conservative quality
constituents utilising information derived from
the hydrodynamic model Bay-Delta model is
the programme generally used.

 Up to 10 independent quality parameters of

either conservative or non-conservative type
plus the BOD-DO coupled relationship can be
handled
HEC-2  To compute water surface profiles for steady,
gradually : varying flow in both prismatic &
non-prismatic channels
SMS  Lake circulation, salt water intrusion, surface Surface water Modelling
water profile simulation model system - Hydrodynamic
model
RMA2  To compute flow velocities and water surface Hydrodynamic analysis model
elevations
RMA4  Solves advective-diffusion equations to model Constituent transport model
up to six non-interacting constituents
SED2D-WES  Model simulates transport of sediment Sediment transport model
HIVEL2D  Model supports sub-critical and supercritical A 2-dimensional
flow analysis hydrodynamic model
MIKE-II, DHI  Model supports simulation of flows, water Professional Engineering
quality, and sediment transport in estuaries, software package
rivers, irrigation systems, channels & other
water bodies
 Annex V.3

Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods and

Framework used for Impact Prediction: Land Environment

Name Applications Remarks

 Digital Analysis
Techniques
 Ranking analysis for soil
suitability criteria
 Affected micro-flora
/micro-fauna
 Provides land use / land
cover distribution
 Provides suitability Various parameters viz. Depth, texture,
criteria for slope, erosion status, geomorphology,
developmental / flooding hazards, GW potential, land use
conservation activities etc. are used

Annex V.4
Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods
and Framework used for Impact Prediction: Biological Environment

Name Relevance

Flora Remarks
 Sample Density Average number of The quadrant sampling technique is applicable in
plot and individuals species per all types of plant communities and for the study
methods relative unit area of submerged, sessile (attached at the base) or
density sedentary plants
Relative degree to which
Density a species predominates a
and community by its shear
relative numbers, size, bulk or
dominance bio-mass
Frequency Plant dispersion over an Commonly accepted plot sizes :
and area or within a
relative community
frequency
importance 0.1 m2 - mosses, lichens & other mat like plants
value
Average of relative 1.0 m2 - herbaceous vegetation including grasses
density, relative
dominance and relative
frequency
 10-20m2 - for shrubs and saplings up to 3m tall,
and
100 m2 - for tree communities
 Transects Cover Ratio of total amount of This methods allows for rapid assessment of
& line line intercepted by each vegetation transition zones, and requires
intercepts species and total length minimum time or equipment to establish
methods of the line intercept
given its cover
Relative It is the ratio of total Two or more vegetation strata can be sampled
dominance individuals of a species simultaneously
and total individuals of
all species

contd...

Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods and

Framework used for Impact Prediction: Biological Environment

Name Relevance

Remarks
Flora
 Plot less Mean point plant Mean point-plant Vegetation measurements are
sampling distance determined from points rather than
methods being determined in an area with
boundaries
Mean area per plant
Mean area per
plant

Density and relative Method is used in grass-land and

density open shrub and tree communities
Dominance and It allows more rapid and extensive
relative dominance sampling than the plot method

Importance value Point - quarter method is

commonly used in woods and
forests

contd...
 Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods
and Framework used for Impact Prediction: Biological Environment

Name Relevance

Remarks
Fauna
 Species list Animal List of animal Animal species lists present common and
methods species list communities scientific names of the species involved so that the
observed directly faunal resources of the area are catalogued
 Direct Contact Animal List of animal This method involves collection, study and release
methods species list communities of animals
observed directly
 Countindices Drive Observation of Count indices provide estimates of animal
methods counts animals by driving populations and are obtained from signs, calls or
(Roadside and them past trained trailside counts or roadside counts
aerial count observers
methods)

Temporal
counts
Call Count of all These estimates, through they do not provide
counts animals passing a absolute population numbers, provide an index of
fixed point during the various species in an area
some stated
interval of time
Such indices allow comparisons through the
seasons or between sites or habitats
 Removal Population Number of species Removal methods are used to obtain population
methods size captured estimates of small mammals, such as, rodents
through baited snap traps
 Markrecapture Population Number of species It involves capturing a portion of the population
methods size originally marked and at some later date sampling the ratio of
estimate (T), number of marked to total animals caught in the population
(M) marked animals
recaptured (t) and
total number of
animals captured
during census (n)

N= nT/t

contd...
 Annex V.5

Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods and

Framework used for Impact Prediction: Socio-economic Environment

Relevance
Name Application Remarks
 Extrapolative A prediction is made that is consistent with
Methods past and present socio-economic data, e.g. a
prediction based on the linear extrapolation of
current trends
 Intuitive Delphi technique is used to determine Conjecture Brainstorming
Forecasting environmental priorities and also to make Heuristic programming
(Delphi intuitive predictions through the process of Delphi consensus
techniques) achieving group consensus
 Trend Predictions may be obtained by extrapolating Trends breakthrough
extrapolation and present trends Not an accurate method of precursor events correlation
correlation making socio-economic forecasts, because a and regression
time series cannot be interpreted or
extrapolated very far into the future with out
some knowledge of the underlying physical,
biological, and social factors
 Metaphors and The experience gained elsewhere is used to Growth historical simulation
analogies predict the socio-economic impacts common-sense forecasts
 Scenarios Scenarios are common-sense forecasts of data. Common-sense
Each scenario is logically constructed on model
of a potential future for which the degrees of
confidence as to progression and outcome
remain undefined
 Dynamic Model predicts net economic gain to the
modelling (Input- society after considering all inputs required for
output model) conversion of raw materials along with cost of
finished product
 Normative Desired socio-economic goals are specified and Morphological analysis
Methods an attempt is made to project the social technology scanning
environment backward in time to the present to contextual mapping
examine whether existing or planned resources
and environmental programmes are adequate to - functional array
meet the goals
- graphic models

Mission networks and

functional arrays decision
trees & relevance trees matrix
methods scenarios
 Annex VI

Checklist for Ecological Impact Assessment

While verifying the Impacts on ecology delineated in the Impact Assessment statement,
the reviewer may consider such of the following matters that are relevant to the proposed
development:

 The general character of the existing site in terms of fauna and flora; landscape and
geological features, lakes, creeks, marsh, mangroves, coral, forest and bush, sand
dunes, mud flats, breeding and spawning grounds, habitats, flight paths, migratory
paths and aesthetics.

 The consistency of the proposed development with any relevant statutory instruments,
planning policies, heritage orders, measures under tribal or native people legislation,
or international conventions (protecting, say, wetlands and migratory birds, or
threatened or endangered species).

 Alternative sites for the proposed development, or alternative designs or techniques,

which might pose reduced ecological risks. Reasons why this site is clearly preferable
to all others.

 In that event, an ecological inventory of at least the most endemic and endangered
species with major plant and animal habitats, particularly habitats critical to the
preservation of threatened or endangered species. The geographical relationship of
species on the site.

 Artificial features of the site as existing, such as roads, railways, buildings and other
facilities relating current uses to the local ecology: agricultural activities.

 A history of tribal activity on the site, with reference to archaeological, cultural, and
heritage items.

 Outstanding individuals such as the oldest or largest of the trees; rare or uncommon
species, races, variants, and populations; unique or scarce habitats. Communities
threatened or endangered.
 Plants or animals that could affect public health or safety: allergenic plants, poisonous
and venomous species, pest or nuisance population; populations that might expand
dramatically if the immediate environment were changed.

 The possible effects of the proposed development on terrestrial species (plants and
animals); on aquatic species (fauna, fish, coral); on habitats; on the aesthetics of the
site; on natural resources such as soil, geological formations, dunes, beaches, lakes,
forest (including rain forest), coral reefs, mangroves, swamps, outcrops, and the
atmosphere; including the possible effects of noise.

 The implications of clear felling or selective logging for timber and other forest
products; the effects of road-building, drainage of wet areas, and the skidding, hauling
of logs; the possibility of replacement by mono culture plantations; the danger of
forest fragmentation causing genetic isolation of animal populations.

 The possibility of upsetting the species composition by excessive harvesting of fish,

molluscs, crustaceans, seaweed, and other creatures and organisms.

 The possibility of the mining of coral for cement, lime, road-building and construction
purposes; and other damage to coral.

 The threat to mangroves from clearing and development, and from pollutants.

 Other related developments in the area, which might have a cumulative ecological
impact.

 Primary and secondary impacts, temporary and long-term, unavoidable impacts and
risks; synergism; trans boundary effects; possible irreversible changes.

 The possible mitigation of effects by technical, or financial measures, by redesigning.

 Proposed post project monitoring.

 In sum the ecological significance of the site for the community and the potential for
genuine loss due to the project.
 Annex VII

Guidance for Relevant Issues for Different Project Types

Project Type / Activities Potential impacts to be assessed

Expansion and construction of Vegetation destroyed or disturbed

new airports : Construction
phase Wildlife habitat reduced and broken up

Wildlife destroyed or displaced

Migration routes for wildlife disrupted or destroyed

Nesting, mating, and other wildlife behaviour patterns

disrupted or destroyed
: Operation phase Bird and other wildlife migration disrupted

Wildlife displaced

Animal behaviour disrupted by noise and activities

Construction of new highways : Vegetation destroyed or disturbed
Construction phase
Wildlife habitat reduced or broken up

Wildlife displaced

Migration routes for wildlife disrupted or destroyed

: Operation phase Bird and other wildlife migration disrupted

Wildlife displaced

Road kills

Animal behaviour disrupted by noise and activities

Construction of nuclear power Normal project impacts to vegetation and wildlife due to
plants : Construction phase construction
: Operation phase Radiation damage to vegetation and wildlife resulting from
direct radiation exposure or radioactive materials
(potential problems such as
radiation leakage, air pollution,
water pollution, contaminated
forage)
Construction of new oil Vegetation destroyed.
pipelines : Construction phase
Wildlife killed or displaced.

Migration routes disrupted or destroyed if pipeline is large

and above ground.
Transfer and transport of crude Killings of inter tidal and shore biota.
oil : Loading and unloading
Tankers and barges Killing of some open-water biota.

Drilling platforms Killing and damage of marine and shore waterfowl.

Tanker mishaps
Strip mining of coal and Vegetation destroyed.
minerals : Operation phase
Small animals destroyed.

Wildlife displaced.

Wildlife habitats destroyed.

Migration routes destroyed or disrupted.

Breeding grounds destroyed.

Wildlife ranges divided.

Isolation of animals with small home ranges.

Drainage pattern disturbed

Water table affected/intrusion of saline of water

Contd...
 Guidance for Relevant Issues for Different Project Types

Project Type / Activities Potential impacts to be assessed

: Reclamation phase Soil erosion

Regeneration potential of vegetation.

Loss of native forage.

Effects of air and water pollution on plants and animals.

Human impact on plant and animal life.

Construction of dams and Terrestrial habitat
reservoirs : Preparing dam site
and clearing for reservoir Vegetation destroyed.

Small animals destroyed.

Wildlife displaced.

Wildlife habitats destroyed.

Migration routes destroyed or disrupted.

Breeding grounds destroyed.

Wildlife ranges divided.

Isolation of animals with small home ranges.

Suitability of remaining habitats.

: Changes in impounded water Edge Habitat and Draw down Zone
level
Invasion of new plant species and plant communities.

Increased habitat diversity.

Invasion of new animal species.

Human impact on biota.

Channelization of streams and Aquatic Habitat
rivers : Straighten channel and
line banks and bottoms
Dredging harbours and coastal
marshes : Opening harbours and
channels for boat and barge
traffic
Physical properties of the water.
Changes in aquatic species composition and number.
Changes in bottom dwellers.
Fisheries destroyed.
Fish sizes decrease.
Aquatic animals without suitable habitat or food supply
Terrestrial Habitat
Vegetation destroyed or disturbed.
Wildlife habitat reduced or broken up.
Wildlife destroyed or displaced.
Migration routes for wildlife disrupted or destroyed.
Breeding and feeding grounds destroyed.
Physical properties of the water.
Disruption or destruction of bottom sediment organisms.
Wildlife habitat disruption of destruction.
Wildlife breeding and feeding grounds disturbed or destroyed.
Broken life cycles and food chains.
 Annex VIII

Good Practices of Prediction

Annex VIII

Issue/Index Relevant Good Practices of Prediction

 Diversity / Species − Based on List of species and their numbers directly destroyed
Diversity Indices − Indirect / Subsequent reduction in species and their numbers
(Ref. 1)
 Habitat Diversity − Habitat Evaluation System (HES) (Ref. 2)
− Habitat Evaluation Procedure (HEP) (Ref. 3)
− Pennsylvania Modified HEP (PAM HEP) (Ref. 4)
− Wetlands Evaluation Technique (WET) (Ref. 5)

 Landscape indices − Estimation of the indices is based on Mapping of distinct Bio-

− Diversity geo features using ground truth or remotely sensed data
− Fragmentation − Estimation of Indices before the project
− Contagion − Map the project physical interventions (direct)
− Lacunarity − Estimation of the indices after the project
− Fractals (Ref. 6)

 Land and water forms − Listing of land and water forms destroyed, reduced in extent or
destroyed or reduced altered due to direct and indirect impacts of the project (Ref. 7)
in extent or altered
 Rare and Endangered − Based on Direct destruction of species or their habitats
species − Indirect effects derived from food web
− Destruction in (Ref. 8)
numbers in relation
to their occurrence
 Ecotoxicity − Based on emissions/discharge/generation of toxins from the
− Ecotoxic Potential project
of emissions and − Ecotoxicity potential of chemicals
discharges Persistence potential and responsive receptors in the resource (Ref.
9)
 Terrestrial Ecosystem (Ref. 10-20)
− Indices for
Ecosystem Health
 Annex VIII Contd.

− Ecological Pyramid
− Biomass
− Bio Diversity
− Forest fires
 Weed Infestation (Ref. 21-27)
 Aquatic Ecosystems
Indices for Aquatic Ecosystem
Health
− Fish Population
− Ecological Pyramid
− Eutrophication

Annex VIII (Contd.)

List of Reference

1. Ref. : McNeely J. A. et al.,Conserving the Worlds Biological Diversity, Prepared and

Published by the IUCN, WRI, CI, WWF-US, & the World Bank
Copyright 1990
2. Canter, Environmental Impact Assessment, 1996
3. Canter, Environmental Impact Assessment, 1996
4. Greeley Polhemus Group, 1991
5. Simenstad et al., 1991
6. Ref. : Rau and Wooten Environmental Impact Analysis Handbook, 1980
7. Ref. : Geoghegan J. et al., Ecological Economics Vol. 23 (1997), pp 251-264
8. Ref. : Alfred J.R.B. et al., The Red Data Book on Indian Animals Part 1, Vertebrata by,
Copyright Govt. of India, July 1994
9. Ref. : Heijungs R. et al., Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of products-Background,
Oct. 1992 (9267), RIVM, Leiden, Netherlands
10. Eberhard O. V., Peter J. S., Modelling forest growth II. Bio mass partitioning in Scots pine,
Ecology. Model., Vol. 86 (1996) 73-89
11. Tonu O., Xiwei Y. & Paul A. A., The forest modelling series ForM-S : applications to the
Solling spruce site, Ecolog. Model., Vol.83 (1995) 207-217
12. Hartmut B., TREEDYN3 forest simulation model, Ecolog. Model., Vol.90 (1996) 187-227
13. Schroder U., Richter O. & Velten K., Performance of the plant growth models of the Special
Collaborative Project 179 with respect to winter wheat, Ecolog. Model., Vol. 81 (1995) 243-
250
14. Odum.E.P., Basic Ecology, by Copyright 1983 by CBS College Publishing
15. Efraim H., Natalie S. & Robert E. U., Energy flow through the Lake Ontario food web:
conceptual model and an attempt at mass balance, Ecolog. Model., Vol. 86 (1996) 1-36
16. Ichiro A., Diversity and rank-abundance relationship concerning biotic compartments,
Ecolog. Model., Vol. 82 (1995) 21-26
17. George P. M., Marc P. A., Dispersal probability and forest diversity in a fragmented
landscape, Ecolog. Model., Vol. 87 (1996) 91-102
18. Carlo C. M. and Hal C., Implementing i-state configuraion models for population dynamics:
an object-oriented programming approach, Ecolog. Model., Vol. 68 (1993) 75-89
19. Catchpole E.A., Hatton T. J., & Catchpole W.R., Fire spread through non homogeneous fuel
modelled as a markov process, Ecolog. Model., Vol. 48 (1989) 101-112
20. Yegang Wu, Sklar F. H., Gopu K., & Rutchey, Fire simulations in the Everglades Landscape
using parallel programming, Ecolog. Model., Vol. 93 (1996) 113-124
21. A.L. Jenson, Dynamics of fish populations with different compensatory processes when
subjected to random survival of eggs and larvae, Ecolog. Model., Vol. 68 (1993) 249-256
22. Heinz .G. S., Midhat H., John G.E. & J.H. McCormick, Validation of a fish habitat model for
lakes, Ecolog. Model., Vol. 82 (1995) 211-224
23. Odum.E.P., Basic Ecology, by Copyright 1983 by CBS College Publishing
24. Ichiro Aoki, Flow-indices characterizing eutrophication in lake-ecosystems, Ecolog. Model.,
Vol. 82 (1995) 225-232
25. Ichiro Aoki, Information theroetical approach to comparative study of lakes, Ecolog. Model.,
Vol. 73(1994) 1-12
26. Soren. N. N., Modelling structural dynamical changes in a Danish shallow lake, Ecolog.
Model., Vol. 73(1994) 13-30
27. Baretta J. W., Ruardij P., Vested H. J. & Baretta-Bekker J. G., Eutrophication modelling of the
North Sea: two different approaches, Ecolog. Model., Vol. 75 /76 (1994) 471-483
 Annex IX

Occupational Health Impacts

Annex IX

List of references related to occupational health exposure

1. Access to Medical and Exposure Records

OSHA 3110, US DL, Washington, 1989.

2. Ahlbom A, Norell S

Introduction to Modern Epidemiology

Epidemiology Resources Inc, Chestnut Hill, 1990.

3. Baselt R C

Biological Monitoring Methods for Industrial Chemicals

Biomedical Publications, Davis, 1980.

4. Chong J

Health Effects of Coal Tar and Bitumens

Occupational Health Program, Mc Master University, Hamilton, 1986.

5. Computer Aided Management Of Emergency Operations

US EPA, 1992.

6. Counting Injuries and Illnesses in the Workplace: Proposals for A Better

System,

Eds Pollack E S and Keimig D G,

National Academy Press, Washington, 1987.

7. Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety Vols 1 & 2, Third Ed

Ed Parmeggiani L, ILO, Geneva, 1989.

8. Gochfeld M

Medical Surveillance in the Workplace: Complementary Preventive

Strategies

Environmental Research, 59, 67-80, 1992.

9. Hearing Conservation, OSHA 3074, US DL, Washington, 1992.

10. Injury and Illness Data Available from 1988 Workers' Compensation
Records,

US DL, Washington, 1990.

11. Injury Control

MMWR Reprints, US DHHS, Washington, 1992.

12. Medical Management of Chemical Exposures in the Petroleum Industry,

American Petroleum Institute, Washington, 1982.

13. NIOSH Occupational Disease, Injury and Hazard Surveillance Activities FY

91,

US DHHS, Washington, 1993.

14. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

US DSSH, Washington, 1990.

15. NIOSH Surveillance of Occupational Illness and Injury in the United States -
Current Perspectives and Future Directions

US DSSH, Atlanta, 1987.

16. Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards

US DHHS and US DL, Washington, 1981.

17. Occupational Injuries and Illnesses in the United States By Industry, 1991
US DL, 1993.

18. Sax N I,

Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials

Van Nostrand, New York, 1979.

19. Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risks

US DSSH, Washington, 1987.

20. Surveillance in Occupational Health and Safety

Ed Baker E L,

US DHHS, American Journal of Public Health Supplement, Dec. 1989.

21. The Abbreviated Injury Scale,

Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, Des Plaines, 1990.

22. The Factories Act, Government of India, New Delhi.

23. The Third National Injury Control Conference: Setting the National Agenda
for Injury Control in the 1990s

US DHHS, Washington, 1992.

24. Vijayan V K

Spirometric Norms in India

mimeo, Madras.

25. Workplace Exposure to Asbestos: Review and Recommendations,

US DHHS and US DL, Washington, 1980

Abbreviations:

DHHS US Department Of Health and Human Services;

DL US Department Of Labour;
EPA US Environmental Protection Agency;
HSE UK Health and Safety Executive;
NIOSH US National Institute Of Occupational Safety And Health;
OSHA US Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
 Annex X

Risk Assessment

Annex X

Guidance for Assessment Relevance and Reliability of Analytical Methods

and Framework used for Impact Prediction: Risk Assessment

Relevance

Name Application Remarks

Consequence Analysis for Visualisation Heat load, pressure wave

 EFFECT of accidental chemical release scenarios & toxic release exposure
& its consequence neutral gas dispersion

Consequence Analysis for Visualisation

of accidental chemical release scenarios
& its consequence
 WHAZAN
 HEGADIS Consequence Analysis for Visualisation Dense gas dispersion
of accidental chemical release scenarios
& its consequence
 HAZOP and Fault For estimating top event probability Failure frequency data is
Tree Assessment required
 Pathway reliability For estimating reliability of equipment Markov models
and protective and protective systems
system hazard
analysis
 Vulnerability Estimation of population exposure Uses probit equation for
Exposure models population exposure
 F-X and F-N curves Individual / Societal risks Graphical Representation
 Annex XI

Impact Mitigation Measures

Annex XI

IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES

The best way of impact mitigation is to prevent the event occurring. All efforts
should be made to locate the developmental activities in an area free of agricultural
lands, cyclones earthquakes, ecologically sensitive, erosion, forests, flooding,
human settlements, land slides, natural scenic beauty, water logging. In case this is
not feasible the next step is to look at the raw materials/technologies/ processes
alternatives which produce least impact i.e. adopting or using processes or
technologies which are efficient and produce recyclable wastes/minimum
waste/wastes that can be easily disposed, without affecting the environment.
However if the developmental activity produce the adverse impact action has to be
taken to mitigate the same. Following are some of the methods available.

Air

• Attenuation of pollution on pathway or protection of receptor through green

belts.
• Particulate removal devices such as: cyclones, setting chambers, , scrubbers,
electrostatic precipitators, and bag houses
• Gas removal devices using absorption (liquid as a media), adsorption
(molecular sieve), and catalytic converters
• Uses of protected, controlled environment, such as oxygen masks, Houston
Astrodome, etc.
• Control of stationary source emission (including evaporation, incineration,
absorption, condensation, and material substitution)
• Use of masks
 • Dilution of odourant (dilution can change the nature as well as strength of an
odour)
• Odour counteraction or neutralise (Certain pairs of odours in appropriate
concentrations may neutralise each other)
• Odour masking or blanketing (certain weaker malodours may be suppressed
by a considerably stronger good odour).

Noise

• The mitigation measures may include damping, absorption, dissipation, and

deflection methods. Common techniques involve constructing sound
enclosures, applying mufflers, mounting noise sources on isolators, and/or
using materials with damping properties.
• Performance specifications for noise represent a way to insure the procured
item is controlled.
• Ear protective devices should be used. When an individual is exposed to
steady noise levels above 85-dB (A), in spite of the efforts made to reduce
noise level at the source, hearing conservation measures should be initiated.

Water

• Conjunctive use of ground/surface water, to prevent flooding/water

logging/depletion of water resources. Included are land use pattern, land
filling, lagoon/reservoir/garland canal construction, and rainwater harvesting
and pumping rate.
• Minimise flow variation from the mean flow
• Segregation of different types of wastes
• Storing of oil wastes in lagoons should be minimised in order to avoid
possible contamination of the ground water system.
• Surface runoff from oil handling areas should be treated for oil separation
before discharge into the environment. If oil wastes are combined with
 sanitary sewage, oil separation will be necessary at the wastewater treatment
facility.
• All effluents containing acid/alkali/organic/toxic wastes should be processed
by treatment methods. The treatment methods may include biological or
chemical processes.
• The impact due to suspended solids may be minimised by controlling
discharge of wastes that contain suspended solids; this includes sanitary
sewage and industrial wastes. Also, all activity that increases erosion or
contributes nutrients to water (thus stimulating alga growth) should be
minimised.
• For wastes containing high TDS treatment methods include removal of
liquid and disposal of residue by controlled land filling to avoid any possible
leaching of the fills. All surface runoffs around mines or quarries should be
collected treated and disposed.
• Cooling towers can be used to convert once-through systems into closed
systems. Treated wastewater (such as sewage, industrial wastes, or stored
surface runoffs) can be used as cooling water makeup. Chromium may be
recovered from cooling tower blow down before treatment and disposal of
tower blow down. . Cooling water can be processed or stored in artificial
ponds until the difference in temperature between it and the receiving water
is nearly equal
• Waste-containing radioactivity should be treated separately by means of de-
watering procedures, and solids or brine should be disposed of with special
care.

Land

• The environmental impact of soil erosion can best be mitigated by removing

vegetative cover only from the specific site on which construction is to take
place and by disturbing the vegetation in adjacent areas as little as possible.
Land clearing activities should be kept to the absolute minimum and use
crushed stone rather than asphalt or concrete for surfacing parking areas
should be attempted.
• Disturbing the existing vegetation and natural contour of the land as little as
possible can mitigate increases in surface runoff. Vegetation along
watercourses should not be cleared indiscriminately. Neither should potholes
 or swamps be drained unless absolutely necessary for successful completion
of the activity.
• Construction, land management, or mining activities that result in the soil
being laid bare could be scheduled in such a way that some type of
vegetative cover appropriate to the site could be established prior to the
onset of intense rain or windstorms. If grass is to be seeded, mulch of straw
will help to protect the soil from less extreme erosive forces until vegetative
and root development begins.
• Natural drainage patterns can often be maintained by preparing sodden
waterways or installing culverts.
• Steep slopes can be terraced, thereby effectively reducing the length of
slope.
• Check dams built near construction sites can reduce the quantity of eroded
soil particles reaching free-flowing streams or lakes.
• Use of floating foundations and height restrictions in earthquake zones and
increased foundation height, wall strength, and roof support in areas
periodically subject to cyclones can reduce the hazards.
• All forms of temporary structures should be avoided from the flood plain,
and all permanent structures should be raised to a height above the level
which flood waters can be expected to reach once every 100 years (100-year
flood).
• Installation of underground drainage structures helps to reduce sediment
loads
• Engineering plans can be drawn to reduce the area of earth cuts on fills
below what might otherwise be acceptable, provide physical support for
exposed soil or rock faces, concentrate or distribute as appropriate the
weight loading of foundations to areas or state better able to support that
weight,
• use small charges for mining/blasting,
• restricting the number, frequency and area of movement of heavy machinery
• Compatibility between adjacent land uses can best be assured by providing a
green belt between the proposed activity and nearby properties where any
significant degree of incompatibility is likely to result.
Ecology

• Intruding as little as possible on their habitat can best mitigate the impact of
activities on animals. If such animals use the area where the activity will
take place, the activity should be concentrated to the maximum extent
possible in those parts of the area that they least often frequent.
• During the planning phase of an activity, an attempt should be made to avoid
extending into the home range wild animals. If this is not feasible, the
activity should be completed, as quickly as possible, and regular and
sustained use of the area over time should be minimised.
• Regular or sustained intrusions of men or equipment into nesting areas of
birds should be avoided to the maximum possible extent, especially while
eggs are being incubated by the adults and until the young have left the nest.
The sanitation cuttings of non-commercial individual trees should destroy no
known nests.
• Restricting the input of polluting substances into watercourses, estuaries, and
the open sea can mitigate Impacts upon fish and shellfish populations.
Additionally, when a part of the activity involves water level control,
changes in such levels should be programmed to the extent it is possible to
do so in a way that will minimally disturb nesting and feeding habitat.

Socio-economic Aspects

• Including, in the proposed activity funds, a welfare plan that would permit
assistance for those people who would be impacted might reduce some
adverse impacts. For example, when a number of jobs are to be disbanded, a
service could be set up in which those people who would be without jobs
could obtain assistance in locating jobs in other areas.
• In problems caused by relocation, effective rehabilitation and resettlement
schemes may be drawn.
 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL

(INDUSTRY SECTOR PROJECTS)

Note 1 : All information given in the form of annexures should be part of this file
itself. Annexures as separate files will not be accepted.
Note 2 : Please enter x in appropriate box where answer is Yes/No

I. General Information

A. Name of the Project :

B. Plant Capacity (TPA) :

C. Location

Village Tehsil District State

D. Geographical Information
1. Latitude

2. Longitude

3. Elevation above Mean

Sea Level (metres)

4. Total Area envisaged for setting up

of project (in ha.)

5. Nature of terrain (hilly, valley, plains,

Coastal plains etc.)

6. Nature of Soil (sandy, clayey, sandy

loam etc.).

7. Permeability (cm/sec)

Industry Sector Projects 1

 E. Alternate sites considered

1. ____________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________

F. Reasons for selecting the proposed site based on comparative evaluation of

environmental considerations

II. Environmental Setting

A. Current land usage of the proposed project site Area (in hectares) .

1. Notified Industrial Area/Estate

2. Agricultural

Irrigated

Unirrigated

3. Homestead

4. Forest

5. Grazing

6. Fallow

7. Marshy

8. Mangroves

9. Others (Pl. specify)

Total

B. Please indicate area earmarked for each of the following (in ha.)

Industry Sector Projects 2

 1. Plant Facilities

2. Ash Disposal

3. Storage (Fuel)

4. Storage (Water)

5. Storage (Hazardous Waste)

6. Storage (Hazardous Chemicals)

7. Storage (Others)

8. Approach Road(s)

9. Township

10. Green Belt

11. Others (Please specify)

Total

C. Is the proposed site located in a low-lying area ?

Yes No

If yes,

1. Level before filling (above MSL, in metres) ___________________

2. Level after filling (above MSL in metres)_______________________

Quantity of Fill Material required Source

(in cum.)

Industry Sector Projects 3

 D. Proximity to sea/water bodies :

Other Water bodies like

River/creek/lake etc.
Sea
(Please specify)
Distance of site*
boundary (in m)
Distance of plant
facilities (in m)
* From highest flood line/high tide line

E. Whether any of the following exist within 7 km. of the periphery of the project

site. If so, please indicate aerial distance and the name of the eco-system as

given under the Table.

S.No. Name Area falling within 7 km Aerial Distance

periphery of project (ha.) (in km.)

1 National Park/Wildlife
Sanctuary

2 Tiger Reserve/Elephant
Reserve / Turtle Nesting
Ground

3 Core Zone of Biosphere

Reserve

4 Habitat for migratory birds

5 Lakes/Reservoir/Dams

6 Stream/Rivers

7 Estuary/Sea

8 Mangroves

9 Mountains/Hills

10 Notified Archaeological sites

11 Any other archeological sites

Industry Sector Projects 4

 12 Industries/Thermal Power
Plants

13 Defence Installation

14 Airports

15 Railway Lines*

16 National / State Highways*

* 0.5 km from Railway lines/National / State Highway should be maintained.

F. Description of the flora/vegetation within 7 km under following headings.

1. Agricultural crops : ______________________________________

2. Commercial crops : _______________________________________

3. Plantation : _______________________________________

4. Natural Vegetation/Forest Type :-____________________________

5. Grass Lands : ____________________________________________

6. Endangered species : ______________________________________

7. Endemic species : _________________________________________

8. Others (Please Specify) : -___________________________________

G. Description of fauna (non-domesticated) within 7 km under following headings.

1. Total listing of faunal elements

2. Endemic fauna species

3. Endangered Species

4. Migratory species

5. Route of migratory species of birds and mammals

6. Details of aquatic fauna (if applicable)

Industry Sector Projects 5

 III. Meteorological Parameters

A. Seasonal – Monitoring Data (continuous monitoring for one full season except
monsoon should be carried out)

1. Temperature (in 0C)

(a) Maximum_______ (b) Minimum______ (c) Mean___________

2. Rain fall (in mm) ______________________________________

(a) Maximum_______ (b) Minimum______ (c)Mean___________

3. Mean value of humidity (in %)

4. Inversion occurrence

(a) In percentage (b) Height in meters

5. Seasonal Wind-rose pattern (16 points on compass scale)

6. Hourly Mean Meteorological data (based on one full season data

collected at site required as input for air quality modeling)

Hour Low/Medium Wind Speed Predominant Ambient air Hourly Mixing

Cloud in (Km/h) wind direction temperature stability depth (in m)
amount (in (in deg K)
OCTAS)

1.

2.

3.

…..

……

23.

24.

Attach additional sheet as required.

.
Industry Sector Projects 6
IV. Ambient Air Quality Data

[Frequency of Monitoring should be as per guidelines of CPCB and monitoring should

cover one full season (excluding monsoon)]

A. Season and period for which monitoring has been carried out

B. Frequency of sampling

C. Number of samples collected at each site.

Date, Time & Wind direction & 24 hourly Permissible Remarks

Location Speed Concentration as Standard(As per (Name of the
monitored (in µg/m3.) EPA/SPCB consent) instrument and
sensitivity)
SPM, RPM,
SO2,Nox,CO

D. 24 hourly concentrations (in µg/m3)

Pollutant(s) Maximum Minimum Mean 98%

SPM

RPM

SO2

NOx

CO

E. Specific air pollution issues in the project area.

Industry Sector Projects 7

V. Manufacturing Process details

A. Raw materials (including process chemicals, catalysts, & additives).

List of raw ‘Physical and ‘Quantity Source of Means of transportation

materials to be chemical nature (tonnes/month) materials (Source to storage site)
used at all of raw material full production with justification
stages of capacity
manufacture

B. Brief description of the process :

C. Details of process technology know how/collaboration :

D. Production profile (tonnes/year)

Name of Products, Existing Proposed activity Total

Byproducts and
Intermediate (new/modernization/expansion)
Products
A. Main Products
1.
2.
B. By-Products
1.
2.

C. Intermediate
Products
1.
2.

Industry Sector Projects 8

 E. Means of transportation of raw material and final products

Means of Transport Raw material Final Product

( in TPA ) ( in TPA )

1. Road

2. Rail

3. Pipeline

4. Others, Please specify

VI. Water

A. Water Requirement (cum/day)

Purpose Avg. Peak Source Type Treated / Remarks
Demand Demand untreated/Fresh/
Recycled

1. Project
(i) Process
(ii) Cooling water
(iii) DM water
(iv) Dust
Suppression
(v) Drinking
(vi) Green Belt
(vii) Fire Service
(viii)Others
2. Township
(i) Green Belt
(ii) Drinking

(iii) Others (Please

specify)
TOTAL

Industry Sector Projects 9

C. Source of Raw Water Supply

S.No. Source Cu.m./hr Cu.m./day

1 Sea

2 River

3 Groundwater

4 Other surface water bodies (Please

specify)

C. Lean Season flow in case of surface water source (cusecs/cumecs)

D. Groundwater (a) Recharge Rate/Withdrawal rate

1. Ground water level (metres)

(i) Premonsoon

(ii) Postmonsoon

(to be obtained from Central/State Ground water authorities)

E. Competing Users of the Water Source :

S.No. Usage Present Consumption Addition Proposed as Total

(cu.m/day) per local plan

Surface Ground Surface Ground Surface Ground

1 Irrigation

2 Industry

3 Drinking

4 Others (Please
specify)

Total

F. Physico- chemical analysis of Raw Water at intake point

Industry Sector Projects 10

 G. Physico- chemical analysis of treated water to be used in project/township.

H. Waste Water Management

1. Description of waste water treatment plan with flow chart

2. Characteristics of discharge stream(s) before and after treatment

Item Characteristics

Before After

3. Daily discharge (m3/day) from different sources

(a) Plant operation

(b) Workshop

(c) D.M. Plant effluent

(d) Domestic
(e) Other (specify)

Total

4. Quantity of water recycled

(a) (in %)

(b) (in cum/day)

5. Details of recycling mechanism

6. Mode of final discharge/disposal of treated effluent :

Mode Length (in m.) Quantity(in m3/day)

(i) Open Channel

(ii) Pipeline

(iii) Others (Please

specify)

Total

Industry Sector Projects 11

 7. Point of final discharge :

Final Point Quantity discharged (in m3/day)

(i) Green belt within the plant/township

(ii) Agricultural land

(iii) Fallow Land

(iv) Forest Land

(v) River/Stream

(vi) Lake

(vii) Estuary

(viii) Sea

Total

8. Lean season flow rate in case of discharge in a river/stream (cusecs)

9. Downstream users of water (in case of river, reservoir, lake(cusecs)

(a) Human

(b) Irrigation

(c) Industry

(d) Others (Pl. specify)

10. Analysis of river water 100 metres upstream of discharge point and 100 metres
downstream of discharge point (except in rainy/monsoon season) along with
details of aquatic life.

11. What is the predicted impact on water quality of the receiving body due to
discharge ? (Briefly state the prediction tool adopted)

Industry Sector Projects 12

VII. Solid Waste Management

1. Details

S.No Source Qty(TPM) Form Composition

(Sludge/Dry/Slurry
etc.)

.1 Raw water treatment

plant

2 ETP

3 Process

4 Spent Catalyst

5 Oily Sludge

6 Others (Pl. Specify)

B. If waste(s) contain any hazardous/toxic substance/radioactive

materials or heavy metals, provide data and proposed precautionary

measures.

C. What are the possibilities of recovery and recycling of wastes?

D. Possible users of Solid Waste (s).

E. Method of disposal of solid waste (s)

Method Qty(TPM)

Industry Sector Projects 13

 1. Landfill

2. Incineration

3. Recovery

4. Downstream users

Industry Sector Projects 14

 F. In case of landfill

1. Is solid waste amenable for YES NO

landfill

2. Dimensions of landfill

3. Life of landfill years

4. Proposed precautionary and mitigative measures along with design features

G In case of incineration:

1. Details of incinerator

(i) Type

(ii) Size

(iii) Capacity

(iv) Fuel

2. Likely composition and quantum of emissions

S.No. Composition Quantity (in cu.m/hr)

VIII. Noise Pollution Control and Management

A. Source

B. Level at Source (dB)

C. Level at project boundary Capacity (dB)

D. Abatement measures (give source-wise details)

Industry Sector Projects 15

IX. Fuel/Energy Requirements
A. Total Power Requirement (MW)

Project Township Other(pl.specify) Total

Present (in
existing)
Proposed
Total

B.. Source of Power (MW)

SEB/Grid Captive power plant DG Sets

Present
Proposed
Total

C. Details of Fuel used

S.No. Fuel Daily Calorific value % Ash %
Consumption(TPD) (Kcals/kg) Sulphur
Existing Proposed

1 Gas

2 Naphtha

3 HSD

4 Fuel Oil

5 Coal

6 Lignite

7 Other (Pl.
specify)

D. Source of Fuel (Distance in km)

1. Port

2. Mine

3. Refinery

4. Storage depot/Terminal

Industry Sector Projects 16

 E. Mode of Transportation of fuel to site

1. Trucks (numbers/day)

2. Pipeline(length in km.)

3. Railway Wagons (numbers/day )

X. Atmospheric Emissions

A. Flue gas characteristics(SPM, SO2, NOx, CO)

S.No. Pollutant Source of Emission rate (kg/hr) Concentration in flue

gas (g/m3)
Emission

1 SPM

2 RPM

3 SO 2

4 NOx

5 CO

B. Size distribution of SPM at the top of the stack

S.No. Range % by weight

1 Micron

2 1-10 Micron

3 10-20 Micron

4 <20 Micron

Industry Sector Projects 17

 C. Stack emission Details (All the stacks attached to process units, Boilers,
captive power plant, D.G. Sets, Incinerator both for existing and proposed
activity).

Plant Stack Height Intern Emissio Temp. of Exit

Exhaust Gas
section No. from al n Rate Exhaust Velocity
& ground Diame (kg/hr) Gases (m/sec)
units* level ter * (deg K) Temp Density Specific Volum
(m) (Top) Heat etric
(m) Flow
(m3)
1 st

2 nd

3 rd

4 th

5 th

6 th

7 th

& so
on

*Note: Please indicate the specific section to which the stack is attached. For
e.g.: Process section, D.G. Set, Boiler, Power Plant, incinerator etc.

Emission rate (kg/hr.) for each pollutant (SPM, SO 2, NOx etc. should be
specified.
D. Details of fugitive emissions (Indicate the points of fugitive emissions and quantities
estimated)

E. Predicted impact on air quality (as per CPCB Guidelines for conducting the air
quality modelling)

Industry Sector Projects 18

XI. Pollution load statement (Applicable to Expansion and Modernization Projects only)

Parameter Existing Proposed Total Remarks

Plant Expansion/Modernization

1. Land area (ha)

2. Raw water
(m3/day)

3. Power (MW)

4. Waste water
(effluent
generation)
(m3/day)

a. Process
b. Domestic

5. Air emissions
(gms/hr.)

a. SPM
b. CO
c. SO 2
d. NOx
e. Others (like
HC, Cl2,
NH3 etc.)

6. Hazardous
Chemical
Storage (give
item-wise)

7. Solid waste
(TPD)

a. Non-
Hazardous
b. Hazardous

Industry Sector Projects 19

XII. Storage of chemicals (inflammable/explosive/hazardous/toxic substances)

S. Name Number of Capacity Physical and Consumpti Maximum Source of Means

No Storage’s (TPD) Chemical on Quantity of Supply of
Composition (in TPD) storage at transpor
any point of -tation
time

XIII. Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene.

A. What are the major occupational health and safety hazards anticipated. (Explain
briefly).

B. What provisions have been made/propose to be made to conform to health/safety

requirements. (Explain briefly).

C. Details of personal protective equipment provided/to be provided to the workers.

D. Details of proposed measures for control of fugitive emission/odour nuisance from

different sources.

E. Details of fire protection and safety measures envisaged to take care of fire and
explosion hazards.

XIV. Pollution Control Aspects

A. Details of Pollution Control Systems :

S. No Existing Proposed to be installed

i) Air
ii) Water
Iii) Noise
iv) Solid Waste

Industry Sector Projects 20

 B. Efficiency of each pollution control equipment/system installed.
1. Existing Units
S. Name of the System Design Efficiency % Present Working
No. Equipment efficiency %
1
2
3

2. Proposed Project

S.No. Name of the System Equipment Design Efficiency %

1
2
3

XV. Green Belt Plan

A. Total area of project/township (in ha.)

B. Area already afforested (for existing projects), in ha.

C. Area proposed to be afforested (in ha.)

D. Plant species proposed

1. Indigenous
2. Exotic

E. Width of green belt (minimum, in m.)

1. Along plant boundary

2. Roads and avenues within the plant

3. Ash Dike

4. Township

5. Other-ornamental, garden spaces,

6. Commercial plantations etc.

Industry Sector Projects 21

 F. Trees planted & proposed
Nos.

1. Planted

2. Survival rate

3. List of species planted

4. Proposed

5. List of Species

XVI. Construction Phase Management Aspects

A. Estimated duration of construction in months

B. Number of persons to be employed for construction

1. Peak

2. Average

C. What provision has been made for the sewage treatment for the construction
workers?

D. How the fuel (kerosene/wood, etc.) requirement of labour force will be met to
avoid cutting of trees from the adjoining areas

E. Proposed Health care Measures with emphasis on protection from endemic

diseases.

F. Educational and other social welfare measures proposed.

Industry Sector Projects 22

XVII. Human Settlement

S.No. Aerial distance from the periphery of the site

Upto 500m 500m to 3000 m from the 3000m to 7000m from
from periphery the periphery
periphery
1 Population
2 Number of
Houses
3 Present
Occupational
Pattern

XVIII. Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan (Wherever applicable)

A. Village(s) affected by the project:

S. No. Village (Tribal/Others) Population Occupation Average Income

per annum

B. Population to be displaced

S.No Name of Village Population

Landoustees only Homestead oustees Land and Homestead
only oustees

C. Salient features of Rehabilitation Plan.

(i) Site where the people are proposed to be resettled

(ii) Facilities proposed at the resettlement site

(iii) Compensation package

(iv) Agency/Authority responsible for their resettlement.

Industry Sector Projects 23

XIX. Expenditure on Environmental Measures

A. Capital cost of the project (as proposed to approved by the funding agency/fina ncial
Institutions

(Rs. Lakhs)

B. Cost of environmental protection measures (Rs. Lakhs)

S.No. Recurring Cost per annum Capital Cost

1 Air Pollution Control
2 Water Pollution Control
3 Noise Pollution Control
4 Environment Monitoring and
Management
5 Reclamation borrow/mined
area
6 Occupational Health
7 Green Belt
8 Others ( Pl. Specify)
Total

3. Details of organizational set up/cell for environmental management and

monitoring.

4. Details of community welfare/peripheral development programmes

envisaged/being undertaken by the project proponent :

XX. Public Hearing details :

A. Date of Advertisement:

B. Newspapers in which the advertisement appeared

(with copies)

C. Date of Hearing

D. Panel Present

E. List of public present along with address and occupation

Industry Sector Projects 24

 F. Summary/details of public hearing report

S.No. Issues raised Recommendation of panel Response of Project

Proponents
1

The data and information given in this Performa are true to the best of my knowledge and belief

Date: Signature of the Applicant with

full name & address.
Place:
Given under the seal of organisation
on behalf of whom the applicant
is signing.

Industry Sector Projects 25

 LIST OF DOCUMENTS TO BE ATTACHED WITH THE QUESTIONNAIRE
(Industry Sector Projects)

S.No Documents to be Attached

1. Topographic map of the site indicating contours (1:2500 scale)
2. Topographic map covering 7 kms radius from the periphery of the site indicating
main features
3. Wind rose diagram of the site (Seasonal)
4. Wind rose diagram of the site (Artific ial)
5. Site map indicating the positions of ambient air quality monitoring
stations vis-à-vis wind direction
6. Flow sheet of the process adopted indicating mass input/output, brief description
of the process including technological and engineering details
7. Alternative technologies considered along with details of criteria used for
selecting the technology and results of evaluation
8. Approval of ground water board/ irrigation department/ Municipality etc. for
supply of water
9. Mass balance for water used by the project in a flow chart
10. Flow chart for waste water treatment with mass balance
11. Site map indicating solid waste disposal facilities
12. Approval of electricity connection and supply of electricity
13. Lay out map of the plant showing the position of stacks for deciding the inter
stack distance
14. Site map indicating the storage facilities
15. Approval of Chief controller of explosives for lay out and storage of hazardous
substances
16. Layout of green belt indicating width on all sides, trees, lawns and bushes
17. Copy of advertisement issued in respect of public hearing
18. No objection certificate from the pollution control board
19 In case of proposals for expansion copies of renewals of consent from SPCB /
PCC
20. In case of expansion proposal copy of approval of factory inspector
21. Copy of the application submitted to the State Government for the forest
clearance in case diversion of forest land is involved
22. Comments/Observations/Recommendation of Chief Wildlife Warden in case
wildlife habitat/ migration path exists within 25 kilometers of the project site
23. Hydrogeological report in case ground water is to be used and/or the area is
drought prone or the waste water is likely to be discharged on land
24. Environmental Audit report for the previous two years in case of expansion of
existing undertaking
25. In case the proposal involves installations in coastal zone, copy of the application
forwarded by the State Government

Industry Sector Projects 26

 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL
(MINING SECTOR PROJECTS)
Note 1 : All information given in the form of annexures should be part of this
file itself. Annexures as separate files will not be accepted.
Note 2 : Please enter x in appropriate box where answer is Yes/No

I. General Information

A. Name of the project

B. Objective of the project

C. Location of mine (s)

Village Tehsil District State

D. Does the proposal relate to:

1. New mine Yes No

1. Expansion

(i) Increase in ML area Yes No

(ii) Increase in annual
production Yes No

3. Renewal of ML Yes No
4. Modernisation Yes No

II. Site Information

A. Geographical Information

1. Latitude

2. Longitude

3. Survey of India Topo sheet No. (optional)

4. Elevation above Mean

Sea Level

B. Total lease Area (in ha.)

Mining Sector Projects 1

 C. Dominant nature of terrain
1. Flat Yes No

2. Undulated Yes No

3. Hilly Yes No

4. Coastal Yes No

III. Land usage of the lease Area (in ha.)

A. Agricultural

B. Forest

C. Waste land

D. Mangroves

E. Grazing

F. Marshy

G. Surface water bodies

H. Others (Specify)

Total

IV. Whether the mine lease area falls in seismically active zone?
Yes No Zone No.

If yes, earth quakes in last 10 years

A. Severity (Scale)

Mining Sector Projects 2

 B. Impact i.e. Damage to

1. Life Yes No

2. Property Yes No

3. Existing mine Yes No

V. Whether the proposed project falls in landslide prone zone?

Yes No

VI. Break -up of the Land use proposed

A. Mining Lease Area (in hectares)

1. Area to be mined

2. Storage for top soil

3. Overburden/Dumps

4. Mineral storage

5. Infrastructure (Workshop, Administrative Building)

6. Roads

7. Rails

8. Green Belt

9. Township

10. Tailings pond

Mining Sector Projects 3

 11. Effluent treatment plant

12. Coal handling plant /

mineral separation plant

13. Others (Specify)

14. Total Area

B. Township (outside mine lease)

1. Total Area

2. No. of dwelling units

3. Distance from mine site

VII. Distance of water bodies (in Km)

Distance River Bank * Other Water bodies *
of Sea / creek / lake etc.
(specify)
Mine lease boundary

Ancillary facilities

*From highest flood line / high tide line

VIII. For projects falling within CRZ

A. Whether the mineral to be mined is of rare/strategic nature and not available

outside CRZ?

Yes No

If so, annex a scaled location map duly certified* by the Chief Hydrographer
indicating low tide line* (LTL), high tide line* (HTL), mining lease area and
its distance from LTL and HTL, sand dunes and settlements within 10 km.

Mining Sector Projects 4

IX. Indicate aerial distance from the periphery of core zone / buffer zone of following
(up to 10 km):

S.No. Areas Name Aerial Distance from (in

km.)
CORE BUFFER
ZONE ZONE
1 National Park

2 Sanctuary/Tiger
Reserve/Elephant/any other
Reserve

3 Core Zone of Biosphere

Reserve

4 Habitat for migratory birds

5 Archaeological sites
(i) Notified
(ii) Others
6 Defence Installation

7 Industries/Thermal Power
Plants

8 Other Mines

9 Airports

10 Railway Lines

11 National / State Highways

X. Description * of flora & fauna in the core and buffer zones.

[* Consult the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 as amended subsequently and list
species with (1) Common name (2) Scientific name and (3) under which schedule of
the Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972 and as amended subsequently ,the identified
species fall. Get the list authenticated by an Expert in the field / credible scientific
institute / Chief Wildlife Warden office.]

Mining Sector Projects 5

 A. Flora

1. Agricultural crops

2. Commercial crops

3. Plantation

4. Natural vegetation / forest type

5. Grass lands

6. Endangered species

7. Endemic species

8. Others (Specify)

B. Fauna

1. Total listing of faunal elements

2. Endangered species

3. Endemic species

4. Migratory species

5. Route of migratory species

6. Details of aquatic fauna, if applicable

XI. Details of mineral reserves

Quantity (in Million tonnes)

A. Proven

B. Indicated

C. Inferred

D. Mineable reserves

Mining Sector Projects 6

XII. Major geological formation/disturbances in the mine area

A. Geological & Structural maps submitted Yes No

B. Geomorphological contour
map / section submitted Yes No

C.
1. Faults

2. Dykes

3. Shear Zone

4. Folds

5. Other weak zones

D. Source of data

XIII. Production of mineral and life of mine

A. Rated capacity of mine (millon tonne/annum)

B. Life of mine (Years)

C. Lease period (Years)

D. Date of expiry of lease (D /M /Y)

E. In case of existing mines

1. Date of opening of mine

2. Avg. production in the last five years

( million tonnes/annum )

3. Avg./ Projected production for the next 10 years

( million tonnes/annum )

F. Whether plans & sections provided? Yes No

Mining Sector Projects 7

XIV. Type and method of mining operations

S.No. A. TYPE S.No. B. METHOD

1 Open-Cast 1 Manual

2 Underground 2 Semi-mechanised

3 Both 3 Mechanised

XV. Ancillary operations for mineral processing

A. Existing

B. Additional

XVI. Loading, transportation and unloading of mineral and waste rocks on surface:

A. Manual.

B. Tubs, mine cars, etc.

C. Scrapper, shovels, dumpers/trucks.

D. Conveyors (belt, chain, etc.)

E. Others (specify).

Mining Sector Projects 8

XVII. Mine details

A. Open-cast mines

1. Stripping ratio (mineral to over burden in tonne/ m3)

2. Thickness of top soil (in m.)

(i) Minimum

(ii) Maximum

(iii) Avg.

3. Thickness of overburden (in m.)

(i) Minimum

(ii) Maximum

(iii) Avg.

B. Underground mines

Depth (m) Thickness (m)

1. Seam/
Ore body

2. Mode of entry into the mine

(i) Shaft

(ii) Adit

(iii) Incline

Mining Sector Projects 9

 3. Details of machinery to be used

(i) On surface

(ii) At Face

(iii) For transportation

(iv) Others

4. Method of stoping (metalliferrous mines)

(i) Open

(ii) Filled

(iii) Shrinkage

(iv) Caving

(v) Combination of above

(vi) Others (Specify)

5. Depillaring method
(i) Caving

(ii) Stowing

(iii) Partial extraction

Mining Sector Projects 10

 6. Ventilation arrangement

(i) Existing

(ii) Proposed

7. Subsidence

(i) Anticipated subsidence (in m.)

(ii) Magnitude of surface strains

(iii) Slope change

(iv) Identified possible subsidence areas

(v) Major impacts on natural drainage pattern, human habitat,

water bodies, etc.

(vi) Salient features of subsidence monitoring and control.

XVIII. Surface drainage pattern at mine site

A. What is the pre-mining surface drainage pattern at the site?

B. Do you propose any modification / diversion in Yes No

the existing natural drainage pattern?

Provide location map indicating contours,

direction of flow of water, and proposed
route/changes, if any i.e. realignment of river/nallah/
any other water body falling within core zone.

XIX. Vehicular traffic density

Type No. of vehicles per day

A. Existing
B. After the proposed activity

C. Whether the existing road Yes No

network is adequate?

D. If no, provide details of alternative proposal

Mining Sector Projects 11

XX. Mineral(s) transportation from the mine site

Qty. (in TPD) Percentage (%)

A. Road

B. Rail

C. Conveyors

D. Rope way

E. Water ways

F. Pipeline

G. Others (Specify)

Total

Mining Sector Projects 12

 XXI. Status of mining lease area (in ha.)

Purpose Required Acquired To be acquired

Govt. Private Govt. Private Govt. Private

Forest Others Agricultural Others Forest Others Agricultural Others Forest Others Agricultural Others
1. Mining area
2. Area for
storage/dumps
3. Ancillary
facilities
(processing
plant etc.)
4. Tailing
dam/pond
5. Township
6. Area for green
belt
development
7. Roads etc.
8. Other
infrastructure
(specify)
Total:

Mining Sector Projects 13

XXII. Baseline Meteorological & Air Quality data

A. 1. Micro-meteorological data
(Continuous monitoring for full season except monsoon through autographic instrument)

2. Seasonal wind rose pattern (16 points of compass i.e. N, NNE, NE, ---)
- Day time

- Night time

- 24 – hours period

3. Site specific monitored data

Hourly Average Wind Speed (kmph) Cloud Cover**

(Octas of sky)
Month 1 2 3 …………………………………………………………………….……….….30 / 31 day

Mining Sector Projects 14

4. Rainfall (in mm)

(i) Total (Annual)

(ii) 24 hr highest

5. Wind speed (kmph)

(i) Max.

(ii) Mean

(ii) % of Calm

6. Temperature (deg. Celsius)

(i) Min.

(ii) Max.

(iii) Mean

7. Relative Humidity (%)

Mean
* 24-Hours rainfall should be reported from 08:30 hrs. IST of previous day to 08:30 hrs IST of the day.

* Rainy day is considered when 24 hrs rainfall is ≥ 2.5 mm.

** Visual observations of cloud cover should be recorde d four times a day at regular intervals.

Mining Sector Projects 15

 B. Ambient air quality data* (RPM, SPM, SO 2, NOx, CO)

*Frequency of monitoring should be as per guidelines of CPCB and

monitoring should cover one full season except monsoon.

1. Season & period for which monitoring has been carried out

2. Frequency of sampling

3. No. of samples collected at each monitoring station

Day, Wind 24-hr. concentrations as monitored Permissible AAQ Name of

Time and Speed and (in µg/ m3 ) Standards instruments
Location Direction used and
SPM RPM SO 2 NOx CO Pb** EPA* SPCB sensitivity

* EPA – As notified under the Environment (protection) Act , 1986

AAQ as monitored (24 hourly)
SPM RPM SO2 NOX CO Pb**

Max.

Min.

Mean

98 percentile

** For mineral specific site only

# Annex a location map indicating location of AAQ stations, their direction &
distance w.r.t. project site.

# Attach additional sheets as required to provide complete data as monitored for one
season.

Mining Sector Projects 16

XXIII. Stack emission detail , if any
(Frequency of stack monitoring should be as per CPCB guidelines)

Exhaust / Flue
S. No. Process / unit Height of Internal top Flue Gas Emission rate (kg/hr) Heat emission
of operation Stack (m) dia. (m) Exit rate from top of Gas
(e.g. DG Set, Velocity SPM NOx SO2 CO stack (K.cal/hr) Temperature in
Boiler) (m/sec) degrees celcius.

A. Equipment used for stack monitoring

XXIV. Details of fugitive emissions during mining operations

XXV. Air Quality Impact Prediction (AQIP)

A. 1. Details of model(s) used for AQIP including grid
size, terrain features, and input meteorological data
2. Maximum incremental GLC values of pollutants based on
prediction exercise
(in ug/m3)
S.No. Pollutants Incremental Value Ambient Air Quality Resultant Air Quality
1. SPM
2. RPM
3. SO2
4. MOX
5. CO

Mining Sector Projects 17

XXVI. Water requirement (m3/day)

Purpose Avg. Demand Peak Demand

A. Mine site

1. Mine operation

2. Land reclamation

3. Dust suppression

4. Drinking

5. Green Belt

6. Beneficiation

7. Washeries

8. Fire Service

9. Others ( pl. specify)

B. Township

1. Green Belt

2. Domestic

3. Other (pl.specify)

TOTAL

XXVII. Source of water supply*

S.No. Source M 3/day

1 River ( name )

2 Groundwater

3 Other surface water bodies (pl. specify)

*Annex a copy of sanction letter from the concerned authority for drawing water

Mining Sector Projects 18

XXVIII. Lean season flow in case of river (cumecs)

XXIX. Ground water potential of the area

A. Average water table (metres) below ground level

1. Pre-monsoon

2. Post-monsoon

B. Annual recharge rate (cubic metres)

C. Avg. withdrawal rate (cubic metres)

XXX. Physico-chemical analysis* of water at intake point (*All parameters as per

drinking water standards)
XXXI. Competing users of the water source
Additional proposed Total
S.No. Usage Present Consumption
as per local plan (m3 /day)
including pumping
(m3 /day)
(m3 /day)

Surface Ground Surface Ground Surface Ground

1 Irrigation

2 Industry

3 Mining

4 Domestic

5 Others
(specify)

Total

XXXII. Waste Water Management

A. Daily discharge (m 3/day) from different sources

1. Mine discharge
2. Workshop

Mining Sector Projects 19

 3. Domestic

4. Beneficiation

5. Washeries

6. Others (Specify)

7. Total

B. Are you planning to provide waste

water treatment plant? Yes No
If yes, provide a flow sheet for treatment.

C. Quantity of water recycled / reused/

to be recycled in
1. Percentage
2. M3 /day

D. Point of final discharge

Final Point Quantity discharged (in m3/day)

1. Surface
(i) Agricultural land

(ii) Waste land

(iii) Forest land

(iv) Green belt

2. River

3. Lake

4. Estuary

5. Sea

Total

Mining Sector Projects 20

 E. Users of discharge water

1. Human Yes No

2. Livestock Yes No

3. Irrigation Yes No

4. Industry Yes No

5. Others (specify)

F. Details of the Water body where final effluent is/will be discharged

cumecs

1. Average flow rate

2. Lean season flow rate
3. Aquatic life
4. Analysis of river water 100 meters upstream and
100 meters downstream of discharge point.

XXXIII. Water balance statement in the form of flow diagram indicating

source (s), consumption (section-wise) and output.

Mining Sector Projects 21

XXXIV. Solid Waste

A. Solid waste quantity and quality

Name Composition Quantity Method of disposal
(Lump/fines/slurry/ (m3/month)
Sludge/others)
1. Mining activity

a. Top Soil

b. Over burden

c. Others (specify)

2. Effluent Treatment
Plant(sludge)
Total

Annex layout plan indicating the dump sites

B. 1. Does waste (s) contain any
hazardous/toxic substance/
radioactive materials or Yes No
heavy metals?

2. If yes, provide details and

precautionary measures.

C. Recovery and recycling possibilities

D. Possible user (s) of the solid waste
E. 1. Is the solid waste suitable for
backfilling? Yes No
2. If yes, when do you propose
to start backfilling.

Solid waste (s) Accumulated To be generated % of A & B to be

(A) (B) backfilled
A B
Over burden
Others (Specify)

F. Reclamation & rehabilitation plan

Mining Sector Projects 22

 G. In case waste is to be dumped
on the ground, indicate

1. Associate d environmental problems

2. Number & type of waste dumps

(i) Height of dumps (metres)
(ii) Slope of the dump (angle)
(iii) Proposed bio-engg. mitigation measures

XXXV. Noise level (dB)

A. Source

S.No. Source Noise Level (dB)

Max. Min. Mean

B. Abatement measures

XXXVI. Fuel/Energy requirements

A. Total power requirement (MW)

S.No Mine Site Township Others (specify) Total
1 Present
2 Proposed /
additional
Total

B. Source of power (MW)

S.No. SEB/Grid* Captive power plant DG Sets
1 Present
2 Proposed
Total

* Annex a copy of the sanction letter from the concerned authority

Mining Sector Projects 23
 C. Details of fuels
S.No. Fuel** Daily Calorific % Ash % Sulphur
Consumption(TPD) value
Existing Proposed (Kcals/kg)
1 HSD

2 LSHS

3 Other
(specify)

**Furnish a copy of fuel analysis report

XXXVII. Storage of inflammable / explosive materials

S.No. Name Number of Consumption Maximum Quantity
Storages (in TPD) at any poin t of time
1 Diesel

2 Fuel Oil

3 Explosives

4 Others
(pl. specify)

XXXVIII. Occupational and community health, safety and hygiene

A. What major occupational and community health and safety hazards (surface
and U/G fire, inundation, explosion etc.) are anticipated?

B. What provisions have been made/ proposed to conform to health and safety
requirement?

C. In case of an existing mine, furnish a comprehensive report on health status

of the workers.

D. Mineralogical composition of RPM (dust)

E. Details of personal protective equipment provided/ to be provided to the

workers

F. Information on radiation protection measures,if applicable.

Mining Sector Projects 24

XXXIX. Plantation

A. Lease area (in ha.) Existing mine New mine

1. Area broken up

2. To be broken up

3. Unbroken area

B. Total Township area (in ha)

C. Area afforested and proposed (in ha.)

Peripheral Dumps Roads Township Others

1. Existing
2. Proposed
D. No. and type of trees planted & proposed
1. Existing
(i) When plantation was started? Date
(ii) No. (iii) Survival rate %

(iv) Type of species (v) Avg. height

( in m )
2. Proposed
Type of Species Number (per ha)

XL . Human Settlement

Core Zone Buffer Zone

Mining Sector Projects 25

 Population*

Number of
households

(* As per latest available census record or actual survey)

XLI. Rehabilitation & Resettlement (R&R) Plan

A. Name and no. of villages falling within

1. Core zone

2. 500 m from the blasting site (s)

3. Township site

B. Village(s) affected by the project:

S.No. Village name Population Occupation Average Annual

(within mine Income
lease)

Tribal Others

C. Population to be displaced / Land oustees

Name of Village(s) Number of oustees
falling within
Land (only) Homestead (only) Land and Homestead
(Both)

Mining Sector Projects 26

 Mining Lease
1.
2.
§
§

Township Site
1.
2.
§
§

D. Whether R&R plan has been finalised? If yes salient features of R&R plan for
oustees

1. Site where the people are proposed to be resettled

& facilities to be provided
2. Compensation package including funds earmarked
3. Agency/Authority responsible for their resettlement
4. Period by which resettlement of Project Affected People will be over
XLII . Pollution Control
A. Details of pollution control measures
S.No. Existing Proposed to be installed

1 Air

2 Water

3 Noise

4 Solid Waste

B. For existing units

Mining Sector Projects 27
 1. Difficulties encountered in implementing pollution control
measures/Environmental management plan.

2. Efficiency of each of the pollution control equipment/system installed

S.No. Name of the system/ Design efficiency % Present working
equipment efficiency %

C. For proposed Units

S.No Name of the system equipment Design efficiency %

XLIII. Capital cost of the project in Rs. Lakh

(as proposed to the funding agency/financial
institution)

XLIV. Cost of environmental protection measures in Rs. Lakh

S.No. Capital cost Recurring Cost per

annum
1 Pollution Control
2 Pollution Monitoring
3 Occupational Health
4 Green Belt
(Mine+Township)
5 Reclamation /
Rehabilitation of mined out
area
6 Others (specify)
Total

XLV. Amount earmarked / proposed for socio -economic

welfare measures for the nearby villages other than R&R plans.

A. Villages (name) to be adopted , if any

B. Socio -economic package.
C. Amount earmarked ( in Rs. Lakh )

Mining Sector Projects 28

XLVI. Public Hearing

A. Date of Advertisement
B. Newspapers in which the advertisement
appeared
C. Date of hearing ( D/M/Y )
D. Public Hearing Panel chaired by & members present
E. No. of people attended the public hearing meeting
and number of people from the lease area.

F. Summary/details of public hearing in tabular form

.Issues raised Response/Commitment of Suggestions made by
by Public Project Proponents public hearing

XLVII. Whether the following approvals* (wherever applicable) have been obtained ?

A. Site clearance from MoEF Yes No

B. NOC from State Pollution Control Board Yes No

C. NOC from Atomic Energy Division Yes No

D. Mining plan approval from IBM /

Ministry of Coal Yes No

E. Forestry clearance under FCA, 1980 Yes No

F. Chief Controller of Explosives Yes No

G. Commitment regarding availability

of water and power from the concerned
State Authorities Yes No

Mining Sector Projects 29

 * (Annex copies)

XLVIII. Was/Is there any court case relating to the project or related activities?
If so, details thereof.

The data and information given in this Performa are true to the best of my knowledge and
belief.

Date: Signature of the Applicant with

full name & address.
Place:
Given under the seal of organisation
on behalf of whom the applicant
is signing.

Mining Sector Projects 30

 LIST OF DOCUMENTS TO BE ATTACHED WITH THE MINING PROJECTS
PROFORMA

S.No. Documents Refer

Proforma
Ques.No.
1. A scaled map (1 : 2500) duly certified* by the Chief Hydrographer 8(A)
indicating low tide line* (LTL), high tide line* (HTL), mining lease
area and its distance from LTL and HTL, sand dunes and
settlements within 10 Km.
2. Geological and structural maps. 12 (A)
3. Geomorphological contour map / section. 12 (B)
4. Plan and sections 13 (F)
5. A location map of the mine lease area indicating existing water 18 (B)
bodies (river, nallah, other drainage channel), direction of flow of
water, contours and proposed changes in alignment of
river/stream/nallah/any other water body, if any.
6. Seasonal wind rose diagrams for day time, night time and 24 hours 22(A.2)
period.
7. A location map indicating AAQ stations, their direction and 22(B)
distance with respect to the project site.
8. Physico-chemical analysis report of water at intake points (all 30
parameters as per drinking water standards)
9. Water balance statement in the form of flow diagram indicating 33
input source(s), consumption (section-wise) and output.
10. Analysis report of water 100 m upstream and 100 m downstream of 32 (F.4)
discharge point
11. Layout map indicating solid waste / top soil dump site(s) 34(A)
12. Mine site reclamation and rehabilitation plan. 34(F)
13. Fuel analysis report 36(C)
14. A report on health status of workers 38(C)
15. Public hearing report 46(F)
16. A copy of site clearance letter. 47(A)
17. A copy of NOC from the State Pollution Control Board 47(B)
18. A copy of NOC from the Atomic Energy Division 47(C)
19. A copy of mining plan approval from IBM / Ministry of Coa l 47(D)
20 A copy of forestry clearance 47(E)
21. A copy of approval of Chief Controller of Explosives 47(F)
22. Copies of commitments regarding availability of water and power 47(G)
from the concerned State authorities

Mining Sector Projects 31

 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL
(THERMAL POWER SECTOR PROJECTS)

Note 1 : All information given in the form of annexures should be part of this
file itself. Annexures as separate files will not be accepted.
Note2 : Please enter x in appropriate box where answer is Yes/No

I. General Information
A. Name of the Project

B. Generation Capacity (MW)

C. Location

Village Tehsil District State

D. Geographical Information

1. Latitude

2. Longitude

3. Elevation above Mean

Sea Level (metres)

4. Total Area envisaged for setting up

of project (in ha.)

5. Nature of terrain (hilly, valley,

plains, Coastal plains etc.)

6. Nature of Soil (sandy, clayey, silty

loam etc. with permeability in cm/sec)
7. Permeability (cm/sec)

Thermal Power Sector Projects 1

 E. Alternate sites considered

1. ___________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________

F. Reasons for selecting the proposed site on comparative evaluation on

environmental consideration.

II. Current land usage of the proposed project site Area (in hectares) .

A. Notified Industrial Area/Estate

B. Agricultural

1. Irrigated

2. Unirrigated

C. Homestead

D. Forest

E. Grazing

F. Fallow

G. Mangroves

H. Marshes

I. Others (Please specify)

Total

III. Is the proposed site located in a low-lying area ?

Yes No

Thermal Power Sector Projects 2

 If yes,

A. Level before filling (above MSL, in. metres) _____________________

B. Level after filling (above MSL in metres) _______________________

Quantity of Fill Material required Source

(in cum.)

C. Does the project involve land preparation/reclamation ?

Yes No

If yes provide details

IV. Please indicate area earmarked for each of the following (in ha.)

A. Plant Facilities

B. Ash Disposal

C. Storage (Fuel)

D. Storage (Water)

E. Storage (Hazardous Waste)

F. Storage (Hazardous Chemicals)

G. Storage (Others)

H. Approach Road(s)

I. Township

Thermal Power Sector Projects 3

 J. Green Belt

K. Others (Please specify)

Total

V. Proximity to sea/water bodies :

Other Water bodies like

River/creek/lake etc.
Sea
(Please specify)
Distance of site*
boundary (in m)
Distance of plant
facilities (in m)

* From highest flood line/high tide line

VI. Whether any of the following exist within 7 km. of the periphery of the project site.
If so, please indicate aerial distance and the name of the eco-system as given under
the Table.

S.No Name Area falling within 7 Aerial

km periphery of project Distance (in
(ha.) km.)

1 National Park/Wildlife
Sanctuary

2 Tiger Reserve/Elephant
Reserve/Turtle Nesting
ground

3 Core Zone of
Biosphere Reserve

4 Habitat for migratory

birds

5 Lakes/Reservoir/Dams

Thermal Power Sector Projects 4

 6 Stream/Rivers

7 Estuary/Sea

8 Mangroves

9 Mountains/Hills

10 Notified
Archaeological sites

11 Any other
Archaeological sites

12 Industries/Thermal
Power Plants

13 Defence Installation

14 Airports

If located within limits of municipal bodies, please confirm.

From National/ State Highways and railway lines, distance of 0.5 km should be
maintained.

If located in the landing funnel of the airport, clearance from Airports Authority of India
should be obtained.

VII. Description of the flora/vegetation within 7 km under following headings.

A. Agricultural crops : _________________________________________________

B. Commercial crops : ________________________________________________

C. Plantation : _________________________________________________

D. Natural Vegetation/Forest Type : ______________________________________

E. Grass Lands : ______________________________________________________

F. Endangered species : ________________________________________________

G. Endemic species : _______________________________________________

H. Others (Please Specify) : _________________________________________

Thermal Power Sector Projects 5

VIII. Description of fauna (non-domesticated) within 7 km under the following headings

A. Total listing of faunal elements

B. Endemic fauna species

C. Endangered species

D. Migratory species

E. Route of migratory species of birds and mammals

F. Details of aquatic fauna (if applicable)

IX. Meteorological Parameters

A. Seasonal – Monitoring Data (continuous monitoring for one full season except
monsoon should be carried out)

1. Temperature (in 0 C)

(a) Maximum_______ (b) Minimum______ (c) Mean_____________

2. Rain fall (in mm) ______________________________________

(a) Maximum_______ (b) Minimum___________(c) Mean____

3. Mean value of humidity (in %)

4. Inversion occurrence

(a) in percentage (b) Height in meters

5. Seasonal Wind-rose pattern (16 points on compass scale)

Thermal Power Sector Projects 6

 B. Hourly Mean Meteorological data (based on one full season data collected at site
required as input for air quality modelling)

Hour Low/Medium Wind Speed Predominant Ambient air Hourly Mixing depth
Cloud amount in (Kmph) wind direction temperature stability (in m)
(in OCTAS) (in deg K)

1.

2.

3.

…..

……

23.

24.

Attach additional sheet as required.

X. Ambient Air Quality Data

[Frequency of Monitoring should be as per guidelines of CPCB and monitoring should

cover one full season (excluding monsoon)]

A. Season and period for which monitoring has been carried out

B. Frequency of sampling

Thermal Power Sector Projects 7

 C. Number of samples collected at each side

Date, Time & Wind direction & 24 hourly Permissible Remarks

Location Speed Concentration Standard(As per (Name of the
as monitored EPA/SPCB instrument
(in µg/m3.) consent) and
sensitivity)
SPM, RPM,
SO2,NOx.CO

D. 24 hourly concentrations (in µg/m3)

Pollutant(s) Maximum Minimum Mean 98%

SPM

RPM

SO2

NOX

CO

E. Specific air pollution issues in the project area.

XI. Water Requirements (cum/day)

Purpose Avg. Peak Source Type Treated / Remarks

Demand Demand untreated/Fresh
/Recycled

A. Project
1. Process
2. Cooling water

Thermal Power Sector Projects 8

 3. DM water
4. Dust suppression
5. Drinking
6. Green Belt
7. Fire Service
8. Others (pl. specify)

B. Township
1. Green Belt
2. Drinking
3. Others (pl. specify)

C. Total

XII. Source of Raw Water Supply

S.No Source Cu.m./hr Cu.m./day

1 Sea

2 River

3 Groundwater

4 Other surface water bodies (Please

specify)

XIII. Lean Season flow in case of surface water source (cusecs/cumecs)

XIV. Groundwater

A. Recharge Rate

B. Withdrawal rate

C. Ground water level (metres)

1. Premonsoon

2. Postmonsoon

Thermal Power Sector Projects 9

XV. Competing Users of the Water Source :

S.No Usage Present Addition Proposed as Total (cu.m./day)

Consumption per local plan
(cu.m/day) (cu.m./day)

Surface Ground Surface Ground Surface Ground

1 Irrigation

2 Industry

3 Drinking

4 Others
(Please
specify)

Total

XVI. Physico chemical analysis of Raw Water at intake point

XVII. Physico chemical analysis of treated water to be used in project/township.

XVIII. Waste Water Management

A. Description of waste water treatment plan with flow chart

1. Coal storage

2. Other than coal storage

Thermal Power Sector Projects 10

 B. Composition/characteristics of discharge stream(s) before and after treatment

S.No Item Characteristics

Before treatment After treatment

C. Daily discharge (cu.m./day) from different sources

1. Cooling

2. Processing

3. D.M. Plant effluent

4. Domestic

5. Others ( specify )

6. Total

D. Quantity of water recycled

1. (in %)

2. (in cu.m/day)

E. Details of recycling mechanism

Thermal Power Sector Projects 11

 F. Mode of final discharge/disposal of treated effluent :

S.No Mode Length (in m.) Quantity(in

cu.m/day)

1 Open Channel

2 Pipeline

3 Others (Please specify)

Total

G. Point of final discharge:

S.No Final Point Quantity (in cu.m/day)

1 Green belt within the plant/township

2 Agricultural land

3 Fallow Land

4 Forest Land

5 River/Stream

6 Lake

7 Estuary

8 Sea

Total

I. Lean season flow rate in case of discharge in a river/stream (cusecs/cumecs)

1. Human
2. Irrigation
3. Industry
4. Others (pl. specify)

Thermal Power Sector Projects 12

 K. Analysis of river water 100 metres upstream of discharge point and 100 metres

downstream of discharge point (except in rainy/monsoon season) along with

details of aquatic life.

L. What is the predicted impact on water quality of the receiving body due to

discharge ? (Briefly state the prediction tool adopted)

XIX. Quantity of fly ash/residue produced per day (tonnes)

Dry Wet

A. Fly Ash

B. Bottom Ash

C. Others, pl. specify

Total :

XX. Solid Waste Management

A. Details

Source Qty(TPM) Form

1. Raw water treatment

Plant

2. ETP

3. Process

4. Others (pl. specify)

B. If waste(s) contain any hazardous/toxic substance/radioactive materials or heavy

metals, provide data and proposed precautionary measures.

C. What are the possibilities of recovery and recycling of wastes?

D. Possible users of Solid Waste (s).

Thermal Power Sector Projects 13

XXI. Method of disposal of solid waste (s)

Method Qty(TPM)

A. Landfill

B. Incineration

C. Recovery

D. Downstream users

XXII. Please indicate the methods used for handling ash

A. Collection

B. Transport

C. Disposal

XXIII. Utilisation of ash (tonnes per day)

A. Proposed use

1. Bricks

2. Cement

3. Road construction

4. Landfill

5. Soil amendment

6. Others (Pl. specify)

B. In case of landfill

1. Is solid amenable for landfill? Yes No

2. Dimensions of landfill

3. Life of landfill (Years)

Thermal Power Sector Projects 14

 4. Proposed precautionary and mitigation measures along with design

Features.

C. Indicate the phased programme for utilisation of fly ash. (Number of years for full

utilisation, area etc.)

XXIV. Noise Pollution Control and Management

A. Source

B. Level at Source (dB)

C. Level at project boundary (dB)

D. Abatement measures (give source-wise details)

XXV. Fuel Requirements

A. Details of Fuel used

S.No Fuel Daily Consumption Calorific % Ash % Sulphur
(TPD) value
Existing Proposed (Kcals/kg)
1 Gas

2 Naphtha

3 HSD

4 Fuel Oil

5 Coal

6 Lignite

7 Other
(please
specify)

Thermal Power Sector Projects 15

 B. Source of Fuel (Distance in km)

1. Port

2. Mine

3. Refinery

4. Storage depot/Terminal

C. Mode of Transportation of fuel to site

1. Trucks (numbers/day)

2. Pipeline(length in km.)

3. Railway Wagons (numbers/day)

XXVI. Coal handling and dust suppression

Give details of dust suppression/collection equipment for reducing pollution from

coal fines and other fugitive emissions from coal handling

A. Wagon tippling
B. Conveyer transfer points
C. Storage
D. Crushing mills
E. Bunker filling
F. Other (pl. specify)
XXVII. Emissions and Stack details

A. Flue gas characteristics(SPM, SO2 , NOx )

S.No Pollutant Source of Emission rate Concentration in flue gas

kg/hr
Emission (g/m3 )

1 SPM

2 RPM

3 SO2

4 Nox

Thermal Power Sector Projects 16

 B. Size distribution of SPM at the top of the stack

S.No Range % by weight

1 Micron

2 1-10 Micron

3 10-20 Micron

4 <20 Micron

C. Stack emission details

- Frequency of stack emission monitoring as per CPCB guidelines

- Emission rate for each pollutant (kg/hr)

S. Stack Stack Stack Temp. of Exit SPM NOX Heat

Attached Height Internal exhaust Velocity SO2 emission
No. to (m) diameter gases (m/sec) rate (in
(m) (deg K) k.cal/hour)

Equipment used for stack monitoring should be indicated.

XXVIII. Predicted impact on air quality (as per CPCB Guidelines for conducting the
air quality mode lling)

Thermal Power Sector Projects 17

XXIX. Storage of chemicals (inflammable/explosive/hazardous/toxic substances)

S.No Name Number Capacity Physical and Consum Maximum Source Means of
of (TPD) Chemical -ption Quantity of of transport-
Storages Composition (in TPD) storage at Supply ation
any point of
time

XXX. Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene.

A. What are the major occupational health and safety hazards anticipated. (Explain
briefly).

B. What provisions have been made/propose to be made to conform to health/safety

requirements. (Explain briefly).

C. Details of personal protective equipment provided/to be provided to the workers.

D. Details of proposed measures for control of fugitive emission/odour nuisance

from different sources.

E. Details of fire protection and safety measures envisaged to take care of fire and
explosion hazards.

XXXI. Green Belt Plan

A. Total area of project / township (in ha.)

B. Area already afforested (for existing projects), in ha.

C. Area proposed to be afforested (in ha.)

D. Plant species proposed

1. Indigenous

2. Exotic

Thermal Power Sector Projects 18

 E. Width of green belt (minimum, in metres)
1. Along plant boundary

2. Roads and avenues within the plant

3. Ash Dike

4. Township

5. Other-ornamental, garden spaces,

Commercial plantations etc.

F. Trees planted & proposed

Nos. Survival rate

1. Planted

2. Proposed

3. List of species
planted

XXXII. Construction Phase

A. Estimated duration of construction in months

B. Number of persons to be employed for

construction

1. Peak

2. Average

C. What provision has been made for the sewage treatment for the construction
workers?

D. How the fuel (kerosene/wood, etc.) requirement of labour force will be met to
avoid cutting of trees from the adjoining areas

E. Proposed Health care Measures with emphasis on protection from endemic

diseases.

F. Educational and other social welfare measures proposed.

Thermal Power Sector Projects 19

XXXIII. Human Settlement

Aerial distance from the periphery of the site

Upto 500m from 500m to 3000 m from 3000m to 7000m from
periphery the periphery the periphery
Population

Number of Houses

Present Occupational
Pattern

XXXIV. Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan (Wherever applicable)

A. Village(s) affected by the project:

S. No. Village (Tribal/Others) Population Occupation Average Income
per annum

B. Population to be displaced

S.No Name of Population

Village
Land ous tees only Homestead Oustees Land and
only Homestead
oustees
1
2
3

C. Salient features of Rehabilitation Plan for oustees

1. Site where the people are proposed to be resettled

2. Facilities proposed at the resettlement site
3. Compensation package
4. Agency/Authority responsible for their resettlement.

Thermal Power Sector Projects 20

XXXV. Pollution Control Aspects

A. Details of Pollution Control Systems :

S.No Control system for Existing Proposed to be

installed
1 Air
2 Water
3 Noise
4 Solid Waste

B. Efficiency of each pollution control equipment/system installed for the existing

units

S.No Name of the System/ Design Efficiency % Present Working

Equipment efficiency %
1
2
3

XXXVI. Expenditure on Environmental Measures

A. Capital cost of the project (as proposed to approved by the funding
agency/financial institutions
(Rs. Lakhs)

B. Cost of environmental protection measures (Rs. Lakhs)

S.No Recurring Cost per annum Capital Cost
1 Air Pollution Control
2 Water Pollution Control
3 Noise Pollution Control
4 Environment Monitoring
and Management
5 Reclamation
borrow/mined area
6 Occupational Health

7 Green Belt
8 Others ( Pl. Specify)

Thermal Power Sector Projects 21

 C. Details of organizational set up/cell for environmental management and
monitoring.

D. Details of community welfare/peripheral development programmes

envisaged/being undertaken by the project proponent :

XXXVII. Public Hearing details :

A. Date of Advertisement

B. Newspapers in which the advertisement appeared

(with copies)

C. Date of Hearing

D. Panel Present

E. List of public project along with address and

occupation

F. Summary/details of public hearing report

S.No Issues raised Recommendation of panel Response of Project Proponents

The data and information given in this Performa are true to the best of my knowledge and belief

Date: Signature of the Applicant with

full name & address.
Place:
Given under the seal of organisation
on behalf of whom the applicant
is signing.

Thermal Power Sector Projects 22

 LIST OF DOCUMENTS TO BE ATTACHED WITH THE QUESTIONNAIRE

Thermal Power Sector

S.No Documents to be attached

1 Topographic map of the site indicating contours (1.2500 scale).

2 Topographic map covering 7kms radius from the periphery of the site indicating
main features.

3 Wind rose diagram of the site (Seasonal)

4 Wind rose diagram of the site (Artificial)

5 Site map indicating the positions of the ambient air quality monitoring stations vis-
à-vis wind direction.

6 Flow sheet of the process adopting indicating mass input/output brief description of
the process including technological and engineering details.

7 Alternative technologies considered along with details of criteria used for selecting
the technology and result of evaluation.

8 Approval of ground water board/irrigation departments/Municipality etc for supply

of water.

9 Mass balance for water used by project in a flow chart.

10 Flow chart for waste water treatment with mass balance.

11 Site map indicating solid waste disposal facilities.

12 Lay out of the plant showing the position of stack for deciding the inter stack
distance.

13 Site map indicating the storage facilities.

14 Approval of the controller of explosives for lay out and storage of hazardous
substances.

15 Lay out green belt indicating width on all sides, trees, lawns and bushes.

16 Copy of advertisements issued in respect of public hearing.

17 No objection certificate from the pollution control board.

Thermal Power Sector Projects 23

 18 Incase of proposals for expansion copies of renewals of consent from SPCB/PCC.

19 Copy of the application submitted to the state Government for forest clearance in
case diversion of forestland is involved.

20 Comments/Observation/Recommendation of chief wildlife warden in case wildlife

habitat/migration path exists within 25 kilometres of the project site.

21 Hydro-geological report in case ground water is to be used and/or the area is

drought prone or the wastewater is likely to be discharged on land.

22 Environmental audit report for the previous two years in case of expansion of the
existing undertaking.

23 In case the proposal involves installations in coastal zone, copy of the application
forwarded by the State Government.

Thermal Power Sector Projects 24

 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL

(FOR RIVER VALLEY AND HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS)

Note 1 : All information given in the form of annexures should be part of this file
itself. Annexures as separate files will not be accepted.
Note2 : Please enter x in appropriate box where answer is Yes/No

I. General Information

A. Site Information

B. Geographical Location

Village/s District/s Tehsil/s State/s

C. Latitude

D. Longitude

E. Elevation above Mean Sea Level

F. Total Area proposed for the Project (in ha.)

G. Nature of Terrain

H. Technical Classification of
Soil (loam, sandy etc./aerial extent (ha)

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 1

II. Existing land usage of the proposed project site area (in hectares)

Main Submergence Canal network Township Resettlement Others Total

Structure

i)Agriculture

a) Irrigated

b) Unirrigated

ii)Homestead

iii)Forest

iv)Grazing

v)Fallow

vi)Water bodies

vii) Marshes

viii)Others(Pl.
specify)

Total

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 2

III. Alternate sites considered from the environment angle.

A. _________________________________________________________

B. _________________________________________________________

C. _________________________________________________________

D. _________________________________________________________

IV. Reason for selecting the proposed site from the environment angle

V. Details of site

A. Seismicity

1. Whether the proposed dam site fall in seismically active area

Yes No
If yes
2. What is the estimate of of seismic hazard?

3. What models used for estimate ?

(a) Determistic seismotectonic approach

(b) Combined seismotectonic probabilistic approach

4. Result of prediction

B. Landslide prone zone

1. Is the proposed project in the landslide prone zone

Yes No

2. If yes

(a) Geomorphological condition

(b) Degree of susceptibility to mass movement

3. Whether any major landslide occurred in the past?

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 3

 4. If yes,

(a) Frequency of occurrence/decade

(b) Area affected (ha)

(c) Population affected (nos)

C. Flood/Cyclone/Droughts

1. Is the area prone to flash flood?

Yes No

2. If yes

(a) Frequency of occurrence/decade

(b) Area affected (ha)

(c) Population affected (nos.)

3. Is the area prone to cyclone?

Yes No

4. If yes

(a) Frequency of occurrence /decade

(b) Area affected (ha)

(c) Population affected (nos)

5. Whether there is any relation between cyclone occurrence and flash

floods ?

Yes No

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 4

 6. If yes, provide details

7. Is the area prone to droughts

Yes No

8. If yes,

(a) Frequency of occurrence per decade

(b) Area affected (ha)

(c) Population affected

D. Sites likely to be submerged

1. Mineral bearing

S.No. Name of the mineral Reserves (million tonnes)

Indicated Proven

2. Archaeological sites/monuments

S.No. Sites/monuments Antiquity

3. Place of worship

S.No. Place Period of construction

4. Agricultural land

5. Population likely to be affected

VI. Objective of the project

A. Irrigation (hectares)
River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 5
 B. Power generation (MW)

C. Drinking water supply (cumecs)

D. Industrial water supply (cu.m./day)

E. Flood control (area to be protected, in hec)

F. Others (pl. specify)

VII. Project profile

A. Height of the dam/reservoir (in meters)

1. Above mean sea level

2. From existing ground level

3. From deepest foundation level

B. Gross storage capacity (M cum)

C. Catchment area (Sq. Km)

D. Submergence area (hectares)

E. Command area (hectares )

F. No. of turbines

G. Capacity of each turbine (MW)

H. Length of the main canal (Km)

1. Lined

2. Unlined

I. Length of distributories (Km)

1. Lined

2. Unlined

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 6

 J.. Cropping pattern

1. Existing pattern

S.No. Crop Existing area (ha) Productivity (tonnes/hec)

2. Proposed pattern

S.No Crop Addl. area proposed to be Productivity Production Water

. brought under cultivation Requirement

K. Rationale for adopting the projected crop pattern

L. Irrigation intensity (%)

M. Water logging (ha)

1. Area already under water log

2. Area expected to be under water logging

after the completion of project

3. Cropping area likely to be affected by waterlogging due to the

project
(a) within the project area
(b) outside the project area

4. Infiltration rate (cms/hour)

(At least for two locations in each of the major soil groups identified)

Major Soil Group

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 7

 Infiltration Rate

5. Saturated hydraulic conductivity for major soil groups (m/day)

using in-situ auger hole / inverse auger hole method depending on
depth of water table from the ground level within 2 meter or
above 2 meters

N. Sedimentation (hectare meter/sq.km/year)

1. Present rate

2. Rate expected after catchment

after treatment

3. Empirical estimates

4. Historical observation

O. Length of river course which is likely

to dry up due to impoundment (km)

P. In case of project where flow of water will be reduced due to withdrawal of

water in between head race tunnel and tail race tunnel

1. Length (metre)

2. Flow rate in river (cumecs)

VIII. Please indicate the area earmarked for each of the following (in ha)

A. Dam structure

B. Penstocks

Forebay / surgeshaft

C. Power house

D. Township

E. Submergence

F. Main canals

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 8

 G. Distributary canal

H. Approach road

I. Green belt

J. Recreation facilities for tourist activities

K. Botanical garden for conservation of rare

and endangered species of flora

L. Others (Please specify)

Total

IX. Whether any of the following exist within 7 km. of the project site. If so,
please indicate aerial distance from the periphery of submergence of the site
and the name of the site

Arial Distance
S.No. Name
( in Km)

1 National Park

2 Sanctuary/Tiger Reserve/Elephant Reserve

3 Core Zone & Buffer Zone of Biosphere

Reserve

4 Habitat for migratory birds

5 Lakes/Reservoir/Dams

6 Stream/Rivers

7 Estuary/Sea

8 Mountains/Hills

9 Archaeological sites

10 Archaeological sites listed in notification

11 Defence Installation

12 Industries/Thermal Power Plants

13 Municipal Corporation/Municipal
Council/Nagarpanchayat (by whatever name
it is known in the state)

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 9

 14 Mangroves

15 Airports

16 Railway lines

17 National Highways

X. Description of the vegetation (a) within project site (b) within 7 Km from the
periphery of project site under following headings

A. Agricultural crops____________________________________

B. Commercial crops____________________________________

C. Plantation___________________________________________

D. Natural Vegetation/Forest Type_________________________

E. Grass lands _________________________________________

F. Endangered species___________________________________

G. Endemic species_____________________________________

H. Others (Please specify)________________________________

XI. Description of fauna within 7 km under following headings.

A. Rare and endangered species

B. Species which require management

C. Species of economic significance

D. Species of special interest to local population or tourists

E. Aquatic fauna of commercial/recreational value and migratory fish species along

with their spawning ground

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 10

 XII. Raw materials used during construction
Means of transportation
S. List of construction Quantity Source of
No materials to be used at material ( Source to storage site)
. all stages of (tonnes /month) with justification
construction
Peak Average

1 Cement

2 Stone

3 Steel

4 Sand

5 Others

(Pl. specify)

XIII. In case of stone quarries details of site & surroundings be provided.

XIV. Meteorological data ( Annual Average to be obtained from IMD )

(Seasonal – Monitored Data)
A. Temperature (in ° C)

1. Maximum_______2. Minimum______ 3. Mean________

B. Mean Rain fall (in mm)_______________________________

C. Wind Speed (Km/hr)

1. Maximum________2. Minimum_______3. Mean__________

D. Humidity________

E. Cloud Cover______

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 11

 XV. Water Balance.

A. Lean season flow (cumec)

1. at the dam/reservoir site

2. at the periphery of submergence

(major streams only)

3. one km. downstream of dam/reservoir

B. Water required (cumec)

1. Power generation

2. Irrigation

3. Drinking water

4. Industrial water

5. Others (please specify)

C. Ground water potential in command area.

Season Availability Slope % Area(ha) Location A Location B

yield in (kl/day)

Pre-monsoon 0-0.5 %

0.5-1 %

1-2 %

2-5 %

>5 %

Post-monsoon 0-0.5 %

0-05-1 %

1-2 %

2-5 %

>5 %

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 12

 D. Ground Water Quality

(Water samples may be taken 10 minutes after the starting of pumping for the
tubewells in each of the soil groups.

Parameters

1. Electrical conductivity (deci Simons/meter : d S/m )

2. pH

3. Residual Sodium Carbonate (Millie equivalent / liter : me/l)

4. Heavy metals (Only if industrial effluent is discharged in project area)

E. Groundwater withdrawal rate/recharge rate

F. Provide the average value of the following based on analysis of pumping test
(at least two tests for each of identified lithological zone) data

1. Transmissivity (Sq.meter/day)

2. Storage coefficient

3. Lithology of the testing site

XVI . Competing Water use downstream. (Cubic metre/day)

S.No. Usage Present Consumption Addition Proposed Total

Surface Ground Surface Ground Surface Ground

1 Irrigation

2 Industry

3 Drinking

4 Others
(Please
specify)

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 13

 Total

XVII. Physico chemical analysis of Raw Water to be used at project township

at intake point.

XVIII. Physico chemical analysis of treated water to be used in the

Project/Transship.

XIX. Waste Water Management

A. Waste water treatment plan

B. Composition/characteristics of discharge before and after treatment

Items Units Composition
Before After

C. Daily discharge (cum./day) form different sources

1. Domestic

2. Other

Total

D. Quantity of water recycled

(in %)

(in cu.m./day)

E. Details of recycling mechanism

F. Mode of final discharge/disposal

S.No. Mode Length (in m.) Quantity (in cu m./day)

1 Open Channel

2 Pipeline

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 14

 3 Others (Please specify)

Total

G. Point of final discharge :

S.No. Final Point Quantity discharged (in cu m.)/day

1 Agricultural land

2 Fallow Land

3 Forest Land

4 River

5 Lake

6 Estuary

7 Sea

Total

H. Lean season flow rate in case of river/stream

(cu m./sec)

I. Downstream users of water

1. Human

2. Irrigation

3. Industry

4. Others (Please Specify)

Total

J. Analysis of river water 100 meters upstream of discharge point and 100 meters
downstream of discharge point

XX . Solid Waste

Quantity

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 15

 A. Debris (tones)

Arising out of construction

B. Sewage (tonnes)

C. What are the possibilities of recovery and

Recycling of waste

D.. Possible uses of Solid Wastes

E. Method of disposal of solid waste

Method Qty (TPM)

1. Landfill

2. Recovery

3. Downstream users

XXI. Noise level during construction

A. Source

B. Level at source

C. Level at project boundary (dB)

D. If the source is within forest area/sanctuaries etc,

E. Impact of noise on wildlife habitat

F. Abatement measures

XXII. Pollution sources

S. Source Around the At a distance of 7 In the Within 7 Km in

No periphery of km from the catchment the stretch in
submergence periphery of area which the river
submergence zone is likely to dry
up

1 Industry

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 16

 2 Municipal
Waste
/Sewage

3 Mining

4. Beneficiation

Plants

5 Tail pond
dams

6 Run off from

Ash ponds

7 Others (Pl.
specify)

XXIII. Atmospheric Emissions in case of DG sets

A. Flue gas characteristics

S.No. Gas Characteristics (in g/Nm3)

1 SPM

2 SO2

3 Nox

4 CO

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 17

XXIV. Storage (of inflammable/explosive/hazardous/toxic substances)

S. Name Number Height Diameter Physical and Consum- Maximum Source of Means
chemical tion Quantity at Supply of
N Of Composition any point of transport
o. (in TPD) time (TPD) ation
Storages

XXV. Occupational Health

A. What are the major occupational health and safety hazards anticipated

B. What provisions have been made/proposed to be made to conform to health/safety

requirements

C. Details of personal protective equipment provided/to be provided to the workers

D. Is the area prone to disease like malaria/fileria etc.

XXVI. Catchment area

A. Total catchment area (ha)

B. Monuments in the catchment area

1.

2.

C. Sites of cultural importance in the catchment area

1.

2.

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 18

 D. Sites of religious importance in the catchment area

1.

2.

E. Other river valley projects in the catchment area

1.

2.

F. Major development projects located in the catchment area

1. Industry

2. Mining

3. Roads

4. Railways

5. Thermal power plant

6. Others (Pl. Specify)

G. Catchment area treatment plan

S.No Year Area to be treated (ha) Outlay

.
(Rs. lakh)
High erodabiltiy Very high erodability

Direct Indirect Direct Indirect

XXVII. Green Belt (other than catchment area)

A. Total area of project / township (in ha)

B. Area already afforested (for existing projects), in ha.

C. Area proposed to be afforested (in ha.)

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 19

 D. Width of green belt (minimum, in m.)

1. Periphery of the reservoir

2. Canal bank

3. Township

E. Trees planted & proposed Nos.

1. Planted

2. Survival Rate

3. Proposed

4. List of Species

XXVIII. Construction Phase

A. Estimated duration of construction (in months)

B. Number of persons to be employed for construction

Total From affected population Others

1. Peak

2. Average

C. Details of site and area where migrated labourers will be temporarily settled

D. What provision has been made for the sewage treatment for the construction workers?

E. How the fuel (Kerosene/wood, etc.) requirement of labour force will be met to avoid
cutting of trees from the adjoining areas

F. Measures of Health care with emphasis on protection from endemic diseases.

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 20

XXIX. Human Settlement

Aerial distance from the periphery of the reservoir

Upto 2000m 2000m to 5000 m from 5000m to 10000m

periphery of the from the periphery of
From periphery the reservoir
reservoir
Of the reservoir

Population

Number of

Houses

Present

Occupational

Pattern

XXX. Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan

A. Village(s) affected by the project

S. Villages Population Occupation Average Income

No. per annum

Tribal Mixed Others Tribals Others Tribals Others Tribals Others

B. Population to be displaced

S.No. Name of Population

Village Land oustees only Homestead oustees only Land and Homestead only

Tribal Others Tribal Others Tribal Others

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 21

 C. Rehabilitation Plan for oustees

D. Details of site where the people are proposed to be resettled

E. Compensation package with full details(tribals and others, separately)

F. Agency/Authority responsible for their resettlement

G. Whether the cost of Rehabilitation measure is included in the project cost ?

Yes No

H. If not, How the expenditure on rehabilitation measure is to be met ?

XXXI. Expenditure on Environmental Measures

A. Capital cost of the project (as proposed to the funding agency/financial institutions

(Rs Lakhs)

B. Cost of environmental protection measures (Rs. lakhs)

S.No Recurring Cost per annum Capital Cost

.

1 Catchment area treatment

2 Restoration of project site

3 Restoration of canal site

4 Cost of rehabilitation

5 Health delivery system

6 Conservation of flora &

fauna

7 Drainage

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 22

 8 Pollution Monitoring

9 Solid Waste Management

10 Green Belt of main project

site

11 Reclamation of
borrow/Mined area

12 Others (Pl. Specify)

Total

XXXII. Public Hearing

A. Date of Advertisement

B. Newspapers in which the advertisement appeared

C. Date of Hearing

D. Panel Present

E. List of persons present along with addresses and occupation

F. Summary/details of public hearing

S.No. Issues raised Recommendation of panel Response of Project Proponents

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 23

The data and the information given in this Performa are true to the best of my knowledge and belief

Date: Signature of the Applicant with

full name & address.
Place:
Given under the seal of organisation
on behalf of whom the applicant
is signing.

LIST OF DOCUMENTS TO BE ATTACHED WITH THE QUESTIONNAIRE IN

RESPECT OF RIVER VALLEY AND HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS.

1 Topographic map of the main project site indicating contours (1: 2500 scale), location
of structures, roads etc.

2 Topographic map covering 7 Kms. Radius indicating main features, ecologically

sensitive areas, area to be submerged, main canal net work (in case of irrigation
projects only).

3 Location map indicating areas for dumping of excavated material.

4 Comments/observations/Recommendations of Chief Wildlife Warden in case Wildlife

habitat/migratory path exists within 7 Kilometers of project site

5 Copy of the application submitted to the State Government for forest clearance in
case of diversion of forestland is involved.

6 Copy of advertisement issued in report of public hearing

7 Details of public hearing.

8 Ecological study.

9 Conservation plan for affected flora/fauna.

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 24

 10 Index map of catchment areas indicating year wise target (Physical & financial).

11 Action plan for control of water logging

12 Action plan for command area development in respect of irrigation potential.

13 Action plan for health delivery systems.

14 Action plan for rehabilitation & resettlement.

15 Plan for restoration of quarry areas/burrow areas and areas for dumping excavated
material.

16 Plan for green belt (other than catchment area).

River Valley and Hydroelectric Projects 25

 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL
(FOR ROAD/HIGHWAY PROJECTS)
Note 1 : All information given in the form of annexures should be part of this
file itself. Annexures as separate files will not be accepted.
Note2 : Please enter x in appropriate box where answer is Yes/No

I. General Information

A. Name of the project

B. Length (in kilo metres)

C. Location

Stretch of the Village Tehsil District State

Road/Alignment

D. Geographical information

1. Latitude From To

2. Longitude From To

3. G.T. Sheet No. (Survey of India Map No.).

4. Elevation above Mean Sea Level (metres)

Min. Max.

5. Total Area proposed for the Project (in ha.)

6. Nature of Terrain

Road/Highway Projects 1
 7. Nature of Soil
(Clayey, Sandy, silty, loam etc)

8. Permeability along the route

in various Sections
II. Current land use of the proposed project site Area (in ha.)

A. Agricultural

1. Irrigated

2. Unirrigated

B. Homestead

C. Forest

D. Notified Industrial Area/Estate

E. Grazing

F. Fallow

G. Mangroves

H. Orchards

I. Sand dunes

J. No development zone

K. Marshes

L. National Park/Sanctuary

Total

III. Alternate Routes/Alignments considered

A. ___________________________________________________

B. ___________________________________________________
Road/Highway Projects 2
 C. ___________________________________________________

D. ___________________________________________________

IV. Reason for selecting the proposed Route/Alignment:

V. Land use plan

A. Does the proposed project conform to the approved land use all along the
route/alignment? (To be certified by the concerned Department of State
Government).

Yes No

B. If not, clearly indicated, which of the stretches are not as per approved land use.

C. Does it conform to the Regional Development Plan?

Yes No

VI. Site Preparation

A. Is the proposed route/alignment located in low- lying area?

Yes No

B. Level before filling (above MSL in m)

C. Level after filling (above MSL in m)

D. Details of fill material required

Quantity of Fill Material Source

required (in cu.m)

Road/Highway Projects 3
 E. Gradient details

F. Would the above filling result in complete/partial filling of water

Bodies ?
G. Does the site involve stripping?

Yes No

If yes, provide the following details:

1. Size of the area to be stripped.

2. Location

3. Soil type

4. Volume and quantity of earth to be removed

5. Location of dump site

6. Proposal for utilisation of removed topsoil.

H. Does it involve cutting?

Yes No

If yes, please furnish the following details:

1. Size of the area to be cut.

2. Depth of cut

3. Location

4. Soil type

5. Volume and quantity of earth and other material to be removed

6. Location of dump site.

I. Does it involve tunneling?

Yes No.

Road/Highway Projects 4
 If yes, please furnish the following details:

1. Lithology

2. Geological structural fraction

3. Diameter (meters.)

4. Length (kilometer.)

5. Location

J. Does the site preparation require cutting of trees?

Yes No

If yes, please furnish the following details:

1. How many trees are proposed to be cut?

2. Species of the above trees

3. Are there any protected/endangered species?

Yes No.

If yes, provide details

VII. In case the route/alignment falls totally or partially in the CRZ area

A. What is the categorization of the area (as per approved CZMP)?

CRZ-I C CRZ-II CRZ-III

CRZ-IV

Road/Highway Projects 5
 B. Does the proposed activity qualify under the category of permissible activity?

Yes No

C. If yes, under what provision is it permitted?

Sl. No. Provision No.

D. In case the road passes through a flood plain of a river, please

furnish:

1. Detailed micro-drainage

2. Flood passages

3. Flood periodicity in the area

E. Does the proposed project involve construction on any sandy stretch?

Yes No

If yes, please furnish detail

F. Height (above MSL in metres.)

G. Does the project involve extraction of sand, leveling or digging of sandy stretches
within 500 mts of high tide line?

Yes No

If yes, mention the activity involved and area.

1. Stretch

2. Area (sq. metre)

Road/Highway Projects 6
 H. Does the project involve any dredging?

Yes No

If yes, please provide the following details (capital/maintenance):

Extent of dredging, disposal of dredged material etc)

I. Is any sand proposed to be removed from sand dunes?

Yes No

J. Does the project involve cutting/destroying of mangroves?

Yes No

If yes, give detail

1. Area

2. Species

3. Existing health

VIII. Details of the location:

Sea Other Water Bodies

River/Creek/Lake ,etc
(Please specify)

Distance of seaward boundary from

the edge of the alignment (in m.)

Distance of seaward boundary of

construction (in m.)

IX. Does the proposed project site involve any breeding or nesting ground?

Yes No

Road/Highway Projects 7
 If yes, provide the following details

A. Name of the aquatic organism

B. Type of habitat

C. Period of year in which activity takes place

D. Independent report of biohabitat study may be furnished.

X. Does the project have any adverse effect on biodiversity?

If so, details of flora and fauna so affected:

XI. Does the project involve any land reclamation?

Yes No

If yes, please provide the following details

A. Activity for which land to be reclaimed

B. Area of land to be reclaimed (Hectares)

XII. Whether there will be any change in the drainage pattern after the

proposed activity?

Yes No

If yes, what are the changes?

A. What is the maximum extent

B. Is any additional area to be flooded

Road/Highway Projects 8
XIII. Does the proposed alignment/route involve migratory path of animals?

Yes No

If yes, please provide the following:

A. Name of fauna

B. Habitat

C. Period of the year in which activity take place

XIV. Project Details (A summary of project proposal shall be enclosed).

A. Length of New alignment proposed (kms)

B. Width of the new alignment (metres)

C. Length of existing alignment proposed to be

Strengthened/widened (kilometers.)

D. Width of the existing alignment (metres)

E. Width of the existing alignment after

widening (metres)

F. Total length of the alignment (kilometres)

G. No. of Bridges Major

Minor

H. Length of Bridges (metres)

I. Width of Bridges (metres)

J. No.of Culverts

K. Length of Culverts (metres)

Road/Highway Projects 9
 L. Number and distance (metres) between

underpasses

M. No.of intersections

N. Length of Intersection (metres)

O. No. of Railway crossings

P. Length of Railway crossings (metres)

Q. No.of Villages through which

Alignment passes through

R. Population of the villages

Road/Highway Projects 10
XV. Raw material required during construction

S.No Item Quantity Mode of Transport Source

(Tonnes)
1 Bluemetal

2 Bricks

3 Sand

4 Cement

5 Bitumen

6 Diesel

7 Others(Please
specify)

XVI. Water required during construction:

A. Water Requirements (cu.m./day)

S.No Purpose Average Peak Demand Source Type Treated/ Remarks

Demand Untreated/Fresh/
Recycled

1 Road making

2 Dust
Suppression

3 Drinking

4 Others (Please
specify)

TOTAL

Road/Highway Projects 11
 B. Source of Raw Water Supply (Net)

S.No Source Cu.m/hr Cu.m./day

1 Sea

2 River

3 Groundwater

4 Rainwater harvesting

5 Municipal water supply

6 Others (Please specify)

XVII. Whether there will be any ingress of saline water into ground water

due to project?

Yes No

XVIII. Whether any of the following exist within 7 km of the project site. If so, Please
indicate aerial distance and the name of the site.

S.No Item Name Aerial Distance (in km)

1 National Park

2 Marine Park

3 Sanctuary/Tiger
Reserve/Elephant
Reserve/Turtle westing
ground

4 Core Zone of Biosphere

Reserve

5 Reserved Forest

6 Wildlife Habitat

Road/Highway Projects 12
7 Habitat of endangered/exotic
species

8 Coral Reef

9 Mangroves

10 Lakes/Reservoirs/Dams

11 Breeding Site

12 Nesting Site

XIX. Ambient Air Quality (for RPM, SPM, SO2, NOX, CO)

Procedures adopted should be as per guidelines of CPCB and should cover

one full season (Locations should be so selected to represent the varying

geographical locations and sensitive receptors)

S.No Stretch of Date, Time Concentration as Permissible Remarks

the road & Location monitored (in Standard (As (Name of the
ug/m3) per SPCB instrument and
guidelines sensitivity)
SPM, SO2, NOX,
CO

XX. Solid Waste

A. Solid Waste generated during Road Construction (Tonnes/Day)

1. Top Soil

Road/Highway Projects 13
 2. Overburden

3. Others (Please specify)

Total

B. Possible users of Solid Waste

C. Method of disposal of solid waste

Method Quantity (TPM)

1. Landfill

2. Others(Please specify)

3. In case of landfill

a) Is solid suitable for landfill Yes No

b) Dimensions

c) Life of landfill

d) Proposed precautionary and mitigation measures

e) Other alternative proposed along with details

Road/Highway Projects 14
XXI. Noise level (dB)

S.No Stretch of the Road Noise before Noise after Abatement

(Locations Should be so Construction Construction Measures
selected to represent the
varying geographical
locations and sensitive
receptors)

XXII. Projected Air Quality (taking into account the traffic projections on this road).
(SPM, SO2, NOX, CO in ug/m3)

S.No Pollutant Before Constructions After Construction

1 SPM

2 SO2

3 NOX

4 CO

XXIII. Storage (of inflammable/explosive/hazardous/toxic substances)

S.No Name Consumption Maximum Quantity Means of

at any point of time transportation
(in TPD)
(tonnes)

1 Bitumen

2 Diesel

3 Others (please
specify)

Road/Highway Projects 15
XXIV. Occupational Health

A. What are the major occupation health and safety hazards anticipated including
due to use of explosives, if any?

B. What provisions have been made/proposed to be made to conform to health/safety

requirements?

C. Details of personal protective equipment provided/to be provided to the workers

XXV. Green Belt

A. Total area of project (in ha.)

B. Area already afforested (for existing projects), in ha.

C. Area proposed to be afforested (in ha.)

D. Width of green belt (minimum, in m.) along the alignment

E. Trees planted and proposed

Nos.

1. Planted

2. Proposed

3. List of species

F. Proposal for maintenance of plantation

XXVI. Construction Phase

A. Estimated duration of construction

B. Number of persons to be employed for construction

1. Peak

2. Average

C. Proposal for employment of local people.

Road/Highway Projects 16
 D. What provision has been made for the sanitation for the construction workers ?

E. How the fuel (kerosene/wood, etc) requirement of labour force will be

met to avoid cutting of trees from the adjoining areas.
F. Measures for Health care with emphasis on protection from endemic diseases.

XXVII. Socio-economic profile

A. Human Settleme nt

Aerial distance from the periphery of the site

Upto 500 m 500 m to 3000 m 3000 m to 7000 m

From the Periphery From the Periphery From the periphery

Population

Of which

SC/ST

Number of
Houses

Present
Occupational
Pattern

B. Economic activity

S No. Population Occupation(Agriculture/Horticu Average Income per

lture/Fishing/Tourism/Transport annum
/construction)

Road/Highway Projects 17
XXVIII. Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan including vocational training and other
avenues of employment

A. Population to be displaced

S.No Name of Village Population

Land oustees only Homestead Oustees only Land +

Homestead
Oustees

B. Rehabilitation Plan for Oustees

C. Site where the people are proposed to be resettled

D. Compensation package

E. Agency/Authority responsible for their resettlement.

XXIX. Does it involve displacement of ethnic minority

Yes No

If yes, please furnish details

S.No Name of the Number of Males Number of Females Total

community

A. Please specify any special measures for their rehabilitation.

Road/Highway Projects 18
XXX. Pollution Control

A. Details of Pollution Control Measures/Environmental Safeguards:

S.No. Existing Proposed to be installed

1. Air

2. Water

3. Noise

4. Solid Waste

B. Protection of Forest/National Park./Sanctuary/Mangroves

1. Agricultural land

2. Grazing land

3. Top soil

4. Natural resources

5. Sand dunes and mudflats

6. Hill feature

7. Reclaiming borrow areas

8. Low- lying areas

9. Soil and slope stabilization

10. Preventing siltation

11. Archaeological and other Heritage sites

XXXI. Expenditure on Environmental Measures:

A. Capital cost of the project (as proposed to the funding agency/financial

institutions

(Rs.Lakhs)

Road/Highway Projects 19
 B. Cost of environmental protection measures (Rs. Lakhs)

S.No Recurring Cost per annum Capital Cost

1 Pollution Control

2 Pollution Monitoring

3 Solid Waste Management

4 Green Belt

5 Others (Please Specify)

Total

XXXII. Public Hearing

A. Date of Advertisement

B. Newspapers in which the advertisement appeared

C. Date of Hearing

D. Panel Present

E. List of Public present along with addresses and occupation

S.No Summary/details of public Recommendation of Response of Project Proponents

hearing Issues raised panel

4.

The data and information given in this Performa are true to the best of my knowledge and belief

Date: Signature of the Applicant with

full name & address.
Place:
Given under the seal of organisation
on behalf of whom the applicant
is signing.

Road/Highway Projects 20
Box 2. Checklist for Ecological Impact Assessment
While verifying the Impacts on ecology delineated in the Impact Assessment statement, the
reviewer may consider such of the following matters that are relevant to the proposed
development:
• The general character of the existing site in terms of fauna and flora; landscape and geological features,
lakes, creeks, marsh, mangroves, coral, forest and bush, sand dunes, mud flats, breeding and spawning
grounds, habitats, flight paths, migratory paths and aesthetics.
• The consistency of the proposed development with any relevant statutory instruments, planning
policies, heritage orders, measures under tribal or native people legislation, or international
conventions (protecting, say, wetlands and migratory birds, or threatened or endangered species).
• Alternative sites for the proposed development, or alternative designs or techniques, which might pose
reduced ecological risks. Reasons why this site is clearly preferable to all others.
• In that event, an ecological inventory of at least the most endemic and endangered species with major
plant and animal habitats, particularly habitats critical to the preservation of threatened or endangered
species. The geographical relationship of species on the site.
• Artificial features of the site as existing, such as roads, railways, buildings and other facilities relating
current uses to the local ecology: agricultural activities.
• A history of tribal activity on the site, with reference to archaeological, cultural, and heritage items.
• Outstanding individuals such as the oldest or largest of the trees; rare or uncommon species, races,
variants, and populations; unique or scarce habitats. Communities threatened or endangered.
• Plants or animals that could affect public health or safety: allergenic plants, poisonous and venomous
species, pest or nuisance population; populations that might expand dramatically if the immediate
environment were changed.
• The possible effects of the proposed development on terrestrial species (plants and animals); on aquatic
species (fauna, fish, coral); on habitats; on the aesthetics of the site; on natural resources such as soil,
geological formations, dunes, beaches, lakes, forest (including rain forest), coral reefs, mangroves,
swamps, outcrops, and the atmosphere; including the possible effects of noise.
• The implications of clear felling or selective logging for timber and other forest products; the effects of
road-building, drainage of wet areas, and the skidding, haulting of logs; the possibility of replacement
by mono culture plantations; the danger of forest fragmentation causing genetic isolation of animal
populations.
Box 1: Siting Criteria Delineated by MOEF
I. As far as possible prime agricultural land/forest land may not be converted into an industrial site
II. Land acquired should be minimum but sufficient to provide for a green belt wherein the treated
wastewater, if possible/suitable, could be utilized from wastewater treatment systems
III. Enough space may be provided for storing solid wastes. The space and the waste can be made
available for possible reuse in future
IV. Layout and form of the project must conform to the landscape of the area without unduly
affecting the scenic features of that place
V. Associated township of the project if any to be created must provide for space for phyto- graphic
barrier between the project and the township and should take into account predominant wind
direction
VI. Coastal Areas: at least 1/2 km from the high tide line (within 0.5 km of High Tide Line (HTL),
specified activities as per CRZ notification, 1991 are permitted)(The HTL is to be delineated by
the authorized agency only.)
VII. Estuaries: At least 200 meters from the estuary boundaries
VIII. Flood Plains of the Riverine systems: at least 500 meters from flood plain or modified flood
plain or by flood control systems
IX.Transport/Communication System: at least 500 meters from highway and railway
X. Major Settlements (3,00,000 population) at least 25 km from the projected growth boundary
of the settlement