1.What is an argument? 6.There are three parts to an essay. Which choice contains all of them?

a. Is an idea that supports the claim a. Thesis, Lead, Hook

b. Is an idea that has feelings in it. b. Introduction, Body, Conclusion.

c. Is an idea that tells a story. c. Claim, Counterclaim, Rebuttal.

d. All of the above d. Only A and B

2. What does an argumentative essay presents in order to let the reader know why it is 7.These are the elements of an argumentative essay.
more favorable?
a. Claim, Argument
a. The main idea of an essay.
b. Evidence, claim and conclusion
b. Evidences for a claim
c. Claim, Counterargument, Rebuttal.
c. A sentence that gets the reader's attention.
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
8.In which paragraph is the thesis found?
3.What do you call an idea which the opinions of people are different?
a. Body
a. Argument
b. Introduction
b. Issue
c. Conclusion
c. Claim
d. None of the above
d. Evidence.
9.How many paragraphs should your essay possess?
4.What is a counterargument?
a. at least four
a. Agreeing with your opponent's claim.
b. at least two
b. The response to an argument.
c. at least three
c. An idea given by the opposing side against the claim given.
d. at least five
d. All of the above
10.Your thesis statement must include the points you will discuss. At least how many
5.What is a rebuttal? should you have in your essay?

a. The response counterargument. a. Three

b. The conclusion. b. One

c. The return to your claim. c. Four

d. All of the above d. Two

11.This are the components of an argumentative essay. An argumentative essay presents evidences for a claim in order to let the reader know
why it is more favorable. It also shows why the other side of an issue is unfavorable or less
a. Introduction and Body. favorable. It also includes, like any other essay, an introduction and conclusion.
b. Refutation and Conclusion An argumentative essay is a piece of writing that takes a stance on an issue. In a good
c. Introduction, Body and Conclusion argumentative essay, a writer attempts to persuade readers to understand and support their
point of view about an issue by stating their reasoning and providing evidence to support it.
d. All of the above
Argumentative essay writing is a common assignment for high school and college students.
12.It is the body paragraph where facts of the given thesis statements of the essay are Generally, argumentative essay topics are related to science, technology, politics, and
written? health care.
a. Introduction  The following are terms related to an argumentative essay.
b. Refutation Issue – an idea about which the opinions of people are different.
c. Body Claim – a statement by an author about an issue. A claim has a significant amount
of disagreement about it. A claim needs supporting arguments. A claim is also
d. Conclusion
called a position, stand, or point of view.
13.What is a Conclusion?
Argument – an idea that supports the claim. An argument needs supporting
a. This is rephrasing the thesis statement only. evidences.

b. This is rephrasing the introduction. Evidence – facts in the real world that can be used to support an argument.

c. It is rephrasing the thesis statement, major points and call attention. Examples of evidences are statistics, data from studies, historical events, habitual
practices, and other facts that can support an argument.
d. None of the above
Counterargument – an idea given by the opposing side against the claim
14.What is logic? given in the argumentative essay.
a. Reason Rebuttal – the response to the counterargument
b. Feelings Pro – an argument in favor of a claim or advantage regarding something
c. Facts Con - an argument against a claim or disadvantage regarding something
d. Opinions

15. It is also called the gateway of an essay? Why is it important to learn to write an argumentative essay?
a. Introduction Learning how to write an argumentative essay will help you to develop critical thinking
b. Body and research skills along with developing how to rationally defend a position. These skills
will help you progress academically and occupationally.
c. Refutation
Argumentative essays have the following elements: claim, arguments, evidences,
d. Conclusion counterargument, rebuttal, and conclusion
Components of an Argumentative Essay b. Is an idea that has feelings in it.

INTRODUCTION – it is an introductory paragraph; it is in the start of the essay. c. Is an idea that tells a story.

- this is called the “gateway” of an essay. d. All of the above

2. What does an argumentative essay presents in order to let the reader know why it is
- it is because it attracts the attention of readers to the
more favorable?
essay and gives the readers background information about the
topic. a. The main idea of an essay.
- it also introduces the thesis statement of the essay, b. Evidences for a claim
which is the heart of an essay, and tells what to be discussed in
the body paragraphs. c. A sentence that gets the reader's attention.

BODY – it is the body paragraph where facts of the given thesis statements of the essay d. All of the above
are written. 3.What do you call an idea which the opinions of people are different?
- it is where the arguments are written to support the statements. a. Argument
REFUTATION/COUNTERARGUMENT – it is the argument to refute earlier
arguments and give weight to the actual position. b. Issue
CONCLUSION – it is rephrasing the thesis statement, major points, call attention, or just c. Claim
having the concluding remarks. It even has some recommendations.
d. Evidence.
Direction: Read the sentences and identify if they are a claim or a statement. Encircle the
4.What is a counterargument?
correct answer.
1. All mammals are warm-blooded. [ Statement , Claim ] a. Agreeing with your opponent's claim.
2. Whales are mammals. [ Statement , Claim ]
b. The response to an argument.
3. The Harry Potter Novel is the number 1 best-selling book of all time. c. An idea given by the opposing side against the claim given.
[ Statement , Claim ]
4. Not all dogs belong to the canine family. [ Statement , Claim ] d. All of the above
5. Wolves are canine. [ Statement , Claim ] 5.What is a rebuttal?
6. The universe was created with a Big Bang. [ Statement , Claim ]
7. Paper is made from trees. [ Statement , Claim ] a. The response counterargument.
8. Water plants can filter pollution. [ Statement , Claim ] b. The conclusion.
9. China is the best country in the world. [ Statement , Claim ]
10. Some plants can be watered once a week. [ Statement , Claim c. The return to your claim.

d. All of the above

1.What is an argument?
6.There are three parts to an essay. Which choice contains all of them?
a. Is an idea that supports the claim
a. Thesis, Lead, Hook
b. Introduction, Body, Conclusion. c. Introduction, Body and Conclusion

c. Claim, Counterclaim, Rebuttal. d. All of the above

d. Only A and B 12.It is the body paragraph where facts of the given thesis statements of the essay are
written?
7.These are the elements of an argumentative essay.
a. Introduction
a. Claim, Argument
b. Refutation
b. Evidence, claim and conclusion
c. Body
c. Claim, Counterargument, Rebuttal.
d. Conclusion
d. All of the above
13.What is a Conclusion?
8.In which paragraph is the thesis found?
a. This is rephrasing the thesis statement only.
a. Body
b. This is rephrasing the introduction.
b. Introduction
c. It is rephrasing the thesis statement, major points and call attention.
c. Conclusion.
d. None of the above
d. None of the above

9. How many paragraphs should your essay possess?

14.What is logic?
a. at least four
a. Reason
b. at least two
b. Feelings
c. at least three
c. Facts
d. at least five
d. Opinions
10.Your thesis statement must include the points you will discuss. At least how many
should you have in your essay? a. Three 15. It is also called the gateway of an essay?
b. One a. Introduction
c. Four b. Body
d. Two c. Refutation
11.This are the components of an argumentative essay. d. Conclusion
a. Introduction and Body.

b. Refutation and Conclusion

Directions: Select the best answer to each question by writing the letter of your choice on C. narrow
your answer sheet.
D. specific
1. It is the most complex skill in communication.
6. In informative writing, the following are considered evidence except for -
A. Listening
A. data
B. Reading
B. facts
C. Speaking
C. opinion
D. Writing
D. statistics
2. This writing technique gives information and straightforward facts regarding a
topic. 7. It is considered as the road map in an informative text.

A. Analytical A. Body

B. Informative B. Conclusion

C. Opinion C. Introduction

D. Persuasive D. Thesis Statement

3. Informative writing is sometimes called _____________ writing.

A. argumentative 8. The road map is usually found in the ______________ part in any type of writing.

B. explanatory A. body B. conclusion C. introduction D. topic sentence

C. narrative 9. This is where facts, statistics, statements, and other supporting details are
included.
D. persuasive
A. body
4. It is the purpose of an informative text.
B. conclusion
A. to educate
C. introduction
B. to entertain
D. thesis statement
C. to narrate
10. This part summarizes and reiterates the thesis statement of an informative text.
D. to persuade
A. body
5. In choosing a topic, it must be ______________.
B. conclusion
A. broad
C. introduction
B. extensive
D. thesis statement
B. TRUE or FALSE
Directions: Write T if the statement is true and F if otherwise.
11. Transitional words and phrases are used in informative writing for smooth flow of
information.
12. Biased information is needed in informative writing.
13. The thesis statement is the most significant component of an informative text.
14. In explaining a topic, reliable and credible sources are needed.
15. Accurate and essential data are included in an informative text.
Informative writing explains a specific topic. The information included in informative texts
is grounded on facts. Informative or informational texts may follow a number of structures
like description, sequence, cause and effect, problem-solution, and comparison and
contrast.
An informative text educates readers about a topic or subject. It is meant to inform others
using credible sources as evidence – facts, statistics, and other research data. Informative
texts usually answer the five Ws: who, where, when, what, and why. Sometimes, they also
describe “how” to do or accomplish something.
When choosing a topic for informative writing, focus on a specific topic. Consider the
topic that is not too broad or too narrow. A topic is too broad if you cannot explain it in one
or two pages. For example, you cannot choose special education as the topic because it has
a big scope. Rather, you can be more specific and select causes of hearing-impairment as
your topic. On the other hand, a topic is too narrow when it is very simple and can be
explained in a sentence or a short paragraph.
Just like any type of writing, informative texts follow a structure – the introduction, body,
and conclusion.
The introduction
Grabbing the attention of readers is part of the beginning - formally known as introduction.
It is where the thesis statement is found. The thesis statement is considered the most
essential part of informative writing. According to Kristina Barroso in her article
“Informative Writing Techniques”, the thesis statement is known as the road map of an
informative text because the whole essay is built around it. The thesis sentence is a
sentence that summarizes the entire essay.
Aside from stating the thesis statement, writers introduce the main idea, provide definition
for difficult words/concepts, and give a short description on what will be discussed.
The body
The body or the middle part is where the thesis statement is fully explained. Evidence such
as facts, statistics, statements from experts, and other supporting details are found in this
section. This section requires citing sources of information. The evidence presented will be
the basis if the information is reliable, accurate, and unbiased.
The conclusion
The conclusion reiterates the thesis statement and summarizes the main points of the
informative text. No new evidence must be presented at this point because all ideas must
have already been discussed in the body.
Tone, clarity (being clear) and transition words
Aside from the structure, other features and techniques of informative writing need to be
considered. First is tone or attitude of the author toward the topic. The attitude of the
author toward the topic should always be formal, objective, and neutral. As mentioned
above, informative writing is fact-based - biased information is unacceptable. The writer’s
opinion and beliefs do not have a place in informative writing. Second, always be specific.
Provide clear answers to the five Ws and one H of the topic you are writing about. Employ
language that is clear, formal, and unbiased. Also, do not forget to use transitional words
(discussed in previous modules) for organized and smooth flow of ideas. In doing so,
readers can get a better understanding of the information they read.
Informative essays vary in length, but all good informative pieces are a product of an
application of several writing techniques. Below are some of the best tips/techniques to
help you write an excellent informative text.
Open with an attention grabber and conclude with a summary of the main points of the
essay.
Use appropriate transitional words to ensure the logical flow of ideas.
Observe formal tone.
Utilize proper language and applicable vocabulary to the topic. Similarly, avoid biased
language.
Make use of formatting, nonlinear texts such as flowcharts, graphs, graphic organizers, and
digital texts with hyperlinks when needed.
 On your answer sheet, write T if the statement is true and F if otherwise.

Directions: Answer each question by writing the letter of the best answer on your answer 11. Adverb phrases are used in informative writing for smooth flow of information.
sheet.
12. Unbiased information is needed in informative writing.
1. It is the most complex skill in communication.
13. The conclusion is the most significant component of an informative text.
A. Listening B. Reading C. Speaking D. Writing
14. In explaining a topic, reliable and credible sources are needed.
2. This writing technique gives information and straightforward facts regarding a
topic. 15. Accurate and essential data are included in an informative text.

A. Analytical B. Informative C. Opinion D. Persuasive

3. This is where facts, statistics, statements, and other supporting details are A. Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet.
included. 1. Which type of writing aims to convince the readers to agree with the writer’s
A. body B. conclusion C. Introduction D. thesis statement opinion or perspective?

4. It is the purpose of an informative text. A. Argumentative Writing C. Informative Writing

A. to entertain B. to educate C. to narrative D. to persuade B. Descriptive Writing D. Persuasive Writing

5. In choosing a topic, it must be ______________. 2. Which of the following statements best describes argumentative writing?

A. broad B. extensive C. narrow D. specific A. It presents the writer’s side about an issue and the evidence to prove his points.

6. It is considered as the road map in an informative text. B. It uses emotive language to sway the readers to agree with the writer’s opinions.

A. Body B. Conclusion C. Introduction D. Thesis Statement C. It usually ends with a call to action.

7. In informative writing, the following are considered evidence except for: D. All of the above.

A. data B. facts C. opinion D. statistics 3. Which of the following is not an acceptable evidence to prove one’s point?

8. The road map is usually found in the ______________ part in any type of writing. A. opinions of random people C. statement of experts

A. body B. conclusion C. Introduction D. topic sentence B. research findings D. statistics

9. Informative writing is sometimes called _____________ writing. 4. Besides knowledge about the topic, what is an important aspect to consider when
writing a persuasive or an argumentative essay?
A. argumentative B. Explanatory C. narrative D. persuasive
A. length of the essay C. knowing the target audience

B. extensiveness of vocabulary D. using all writing techniques

10. This part summarizes and reiterates the thesis statement of an informative text.
5. What persuasive writing technique uses an interrogative statement to emphasize
A. body B. conclusion C. Introduction D. thesis statement the obvious and make the reader reflect about it?

B. TRUE or FALSE A. Appeal to Authority C. Repetition

B. Appeal to Emotion D. Rhetorical Question B. He is against it because of its many negative effects on the child.

6. What technique aims to persuade the readers by telling that everybody else has C. He supports it because it can make children comply.
accepted the idea or that the majority is already doing it?
D. He supports it because experts say it is effective.
A. Appeal to Authority C. Repetition
B. Identify if the statement is a description or an example of persuasive or
B. Bandwagon D. Rhetorical Question argumentative text. Write P for persuasive and A for argumentative.

7. Which of the following is a thesis statement? 11. It aims to make the readers acknowledge the truthfulness of the writer’s claims.

A. An app or tablet can provide children with an alternate medium for education. 12. It involves analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of information or evidences to give
a solid support to the argument.
B. Gifted children can also benefit from technology-based learning environments.
13. It usually ends with a call to action.
C. The use of technology and screen time can be positive for children.
14. Diane Dimond wrote on her blog, “And once robbed of their self-esteem, they can
D. Technology allows children to excel academically. suffer from mental and physical problems, drop out of school and even commit suicide.”
8. What is the purpose of a counterargument in argumentative writing? No one likes the way insults feel, and this is why bullies are criminals.

A. It is primarily aimed at setting argumentative from persuasive writing. 15. Slow internet speed in the Philippines is a problem in ensuring quality education.
The country fell six notches to 121 out of 139 countries, its 12.09 mbps far below the
B. It is meant to make the essay longer and meet the word count. global average of 30.89 mbps; this is why Filipino learners cannot keep up with
international standards
C. It provides a chance for the writer to acknowledge the loopholes of his own
arguments. Persuasive writing is a type of writing that aims at convincing people to think, feel, or to
act in the writer’s way. Persuasive texts may be in the form of essays in books, articles in
D. It is intended to weaken the opposing arguments by presenting evidence that
newspapers and magazines, posters and, of course, advertisements. All these forms of
would invalidate their claim.
persuasion try to get the readers to agree or to take an action. A persuasive writing usually
9. Which of the following is an example of a counterargument? contains: a) the writer’s opinion, which he/she wants the readers to accept; b) evidence or
information to support the writer’s opinion; c) the action that the writer wants the readers to
A. The result of several studies have shown that corporal punishment is harmful. do.
B. Poor cognitive development skills is also a result of the stress caused from the Here are some of the effective and commonly used persuasive techniques used by writers
anxiety associated with corporal punishment. to achieve their purpose.
C. Corporal punishment can cause children to have a poor view of their own self- Rhetorical Question. This is a question that is not intended to be answered. Instead, it is
worth, which may be an entirely internalized behavior. meant to state the obvious, or to challenge the readers and to make them think. For
example: Wouldn’t you do everything to make your family happy?
D. Although corporal punishment can provide positive and temporary child
compliance, the effects of such action is deleterious and can last for many years. Repetition. Repeating key words or phrases will likely make readers remember them.
10. From the given options in #9, what is the writer’s stand about the issue on Bandwagon. This is the technique that would convince a reader to believe in an idea
corporal punishment? because the majority or everybody else believes it’s true. For example: Nine out of 10
students got higher grades because of the modular learning setup.
A. He is against it because he has experienced it when he was a child.
Appeal to Emotion. The use of emotive language can help sway the readers to side with the 1. Which of the following statements best describes argumentative writing?
writer or to do what he says. For example: Be thankful that you have more than what you
need. Others children do not even have a roof above their head, but they study harder than A. It presents the writer’s side about an issue and the evidence to prove his points.
anyone. B. It uses emotive language to sway the readers to agree with the writer’s opinions.
Appeal to Authority. The writer needs to establish himself as an authority in the topic he is C. It usually ends with a call to action.
writing about by using facts, figures, and other proofs that would support his opinions or
claims. D. All of the above.

2. Which type of writing aims to convince the readers to agree with the writer’s
opinion or perspective?
Argumentative writing is a type of writing wherein the writer aims at presenting an issue
(be it scientific, political, social, etc.) and then taking side or making a stand, which he will A. Argumentative Writing C. Informative Writing
have to support by giving proof or evidence. This task requires that the writer read about
B. Descriptive Writing D. Persuasive Writing
the topic and research about evidence (e.g., statistics, statement of experts, legal
documents). 3. What technique aims to persuade the readers by telling that everybody else has
accepted the idea or that the majority is already doing it?
As mentioned in earlier, it is quite similar with persuasive writing in some aspects, but
argumentative texts adopt a fair, formal and reasonable tone; hence, emotive appeal do not A. Appeal to Authority C. Repetition
play a significant role here
B. Bandwagon D. Rhetorical Question

4. What persuasive writing technique uses an interrogative statement to emphasize

To make sure that the content of each paragraph has substance, here are some the obvious and make the reader reflect about it?
argumentative writing techniques or tips outlined from Sarikas (2019) and other sources:
A. Appeal to Authority C. Repetition
Make your thesis crystal clear. Readers should be able to pinpoint immediate what your
thesis statement is; otherwise, it would make your essay weak. Make it stand out by B. Appeal to Emotion D. Rhetorical Question
putting it in the first paragraph of your essay. 5. Besides knowledge about the topic, what is an important aspect to consider when
Use evidence to support your side. For every point that you make, make sure you have writing a persuasive or an argumentative essay?
facts to back it up. This not only makes your essay stronger, but it also helps you build A. length of the essay C. knowing the target audience
your authority or credibility as a writer.
B. extensiveness of vocabulary D. using all writing techniques
Show why the other side is weak. The best argumentative essays are not that focuses only
on their side but those that present opposing arguments and then countering them. This tells 6. Which of the following is not an acceptable evidence to prove one’s point?
the reader that the writer has really considered all sides and found out which is better.
A. opinions of random people C. statement of experts
Use logical connectors. Knowing the right words or phrases to use plays an important part
in making sure that all the contents of the essay are organized. Therefore, make sure to use B. research findings D. statistics
where appropriate some logical connectors such as however, on the other hand, C.
consequently, therefore, and so on
7. Which of the following is a thesis statement?

A. An app or tablet can provide children with an alternate medium for education.
Multiple Choice: A. Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet.
B. Gifted children can also benefit from technology-based learning environments.
C. The use of technology and screen time can be positive for children.
D. Technology allows children to excel academically.
8. Which of the following is an example of a counterargument?
A. The result of several studies have shown that corporal punishment is harmful.
B. Poor cognitive development skills is also a result of the stress caused from the
anxiety associated with corporal punishment.
C. Corporal punishment can cause children to have a poor view of their own self-
worth, which may be an entirely internalized behavior.
D. Although corporal punishment can provide positive and temporary child
compliance, the effects of such action is deleterious and can last for many years.
3. It involves analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of information or evidence to give a
solid support to the argument.
4. Slow internet speed in the Philippines is a problem in ensuring quality education.
The country fell six notches to 121 out of 139 countries, its 12.09 mbps far below the
global average of 30.89 mbps; this is why Filipino learners cannot keep up with
international standards.
5. Diane Dimond wrote on her blog, “And once robbed of their self-esteem, they can
suffer from mental and physical problems, drop out of school and even commit suicide.”
No one likes the way insults feel, and this is why bullies are criminals.
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of these terms is often used interchangeably with the word “critique”?

9. What is the purpose of a counterargument in argumentative writing? A. Summary B. Synopsis C. Review D. Report

A. It is primarily aimed at setting argumentative from persuasive writing. 2. Which statement is not true about a critique?

B. It is meant to make the essay longer and meet the word count. A. It is a purely opinionated piece of writing about a story, novel, film, etc.

C. It provides a chance for the writer to acknowledge the loopholes of his own B. It is usually done by experts or people with considerable knowledge about the
arguments. work.

D. It is intended to weaken the opposing arguments by presenting evidence that C. It does not place emphasis on giving recommendations to possible readers or
would invalidate their claim. viewers.

10. From the given options in #8, what is the writer’s stand about the issue on D. It is an in-depth evaluation or assessment of a piece of work such as a short story
corporal punishment? or film.

A. He supports it because experts say it is effective. 3. Which of these story elements is not tackled in a critique?

B. He supports it because it can make children comply. A. Characterization B. Conflict C. Plot D. None of the above

C. He is against it because of its many negative effects on the child. 4. Which of these is not an appropriate subject for critical analysis?

D. He is against it because he has experienced it when he was a child. A. Films B. Novels C. Speeches D. Short Stories

B. Identify if the statement is a description or an example of persuasive or argumentative 5. What information or details is usually included in a critique’s introduction?
text. Write P for persuasive and A for argumentative. A. structure of the plot
1. It usually ends with a call to action. B. authenticity of the conflict
2. It aims to make the readers acknowledge the truthfulness of the writer’s claims. C. significance of the dialogues
D. background or summary of the text

6. Which of these questions should be asked when analyzing the characters in a A critique is an in-depth evaluation of a story, novel, film, or other reading/viewing
narrative? materials for the purpose of giving the public an insight into the text. Although a critique
shares the same root with the word “criticize,” it does not mean that the write-up merely
A. How are the characters developed and what makes them interesting and relatable? points out the faults or flaws in a story or film. Instead, a critique seeks to shed light on the
B. Are there equal number of male and female characters? content of a “text” (the story, novel, song, movie etc.) in order to help future readers or
viewers understand better the material that they are reading or viewing.
C. Who among the characters is likeable and who is not?
Critiques contain a careful evaluation mainly on the following elements of a narrative:
D. Why is the protagonist not a superhero material? characterization, setting, conflict, plot, dialogue, theme, and style. These aspects, as well as
the manner that they were presented in the material, are studied so that the critic can come
7. What detail can a critic use best to support his/her evaluation of a story?
up with a valid evaluation on whether or not the material is good, beautiful, or significant
A. Opinions of those who read the story especially for the readers or viewers.

B. Quotes from the story itself

C. Statements of the author

D. Reviews of other critics Setting: How well was the setting developed? Does it appeal to more than one of the
senses? Does it inform or connect to other aspects of the story such as character
development and narrative style?

For numbers 8-11, write TRUE if the statement is correct, and FALSE if not.
________ 8. Critiques may follow different formats but they generally have the same
content or foci.
________ 9. A critique is intended primarily to point out the faults or flaws in work.
________ 10. It is alright to not give a summary of the story critiqued because the readers
are most likely familiar with it already.
________ 11. A critic is encouraged to write “I think…” or “In my opinion…” in his/her
critical essay.
For numbers 12-15, identify the correct order of these steps in writing a critique by
assigning the numbers 1 to 4.
Characterization: How well-drawn are the characters in the story? Do we know enough
about them (life, attitudes, some type of history, etc.) to make them interesting and
relatable? Are there unnecessary characters?
Conflict and Plot: Is there a conflict in the story? Is the plot interesting, original and well-
developed? Are there unnecessary and confusing subplots?
Theme: How well does the story speak to the readers? Does it raise questions about life, or
provide profound insights?
Style: How distinctive or unique is the writing style? Are there literary devices or
techniques used? Is it purposeful? Does the style remind you of any other authors you have
read?

_____ 12. Give recommendations as needed.
_____ 13. Give a short summary of the story.
_____ 14. Give an overall evaluation of the story.
_____ 15. State your analysis of the setting, characterization, plot, etc.
Directions: Read and answer the questions below based on your initial knowledge of the
topic to be discussed. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer. Use a separate sheet
of paper for your answers.
1. Which of the following refers to the evaluation, analysis, description, or
interpretation of literary works?
A. Literary criticism A. Moralist Approach

B. Literary approach B. Formalist Approach

C. Literary device C. Marxist Approach

2. What element in a literary work is described as the series of related events? 8. How to analyze a text using formalist approach?

A. Theme A. Examine a text including the biographical information about the author and the
effect on the reader.
B. Setting
B. Scrutinize the point of view, structure, social and political ideas.
C. Plot
C. Analyze how the elements work together to give meaning to the text.
3. What do you call the opposition of forces which is essential to the plot?
9. Which of the following is TRUE about formalism?
A. Climax
A. It is concerned with the historical events outside of the story, cultural, and
B. Conflict religious beliefs.
C. Exposition B. It uses quick reading to get the main idea of the text and compare it with other
4. What is the most exciting part of a story? related works.

A. Exposition C. It analyzes the work as a whole, the form of each individual part of the text from
the individual scenes and chapters, elements, and literary devices.
B. Climax
10. Which of these features of a text would a formalist critic be most interested in? A.
C. Rising Action Structure
5. Which of the following is the central or main character in a story? B. Author
A. Antagonist C. Reader
B. Protagonist 11-15. Read and analyze the introductory part of the story A Day in the Country by Anton
Chekhov (English 10 Learner’s Material pp.279-284). Answer the following questions.
C. Confidant
A dark leaden-colored mass is creeping over the sky towards the sun. Red zigzags of
6. Which among the elements of a short story refers to the perspective of the
lightning gleam here and there across it. There is a sound of far-away rumbling. A warm
character or narrator telling the story?
wind frolics over the grass, bends the trees, and stirs up the dust. In a minute there will be a
A. Symbolism spurt of May rain and a real storm will begin.

B. Point of view Fyokla, a little beggar-girl of six, is running through the village, looking for Terenty, the
cobbler. The white-haired, barefooted child is pale. Her eyes are wide-open, her lips are
C. Theme trembling.
7. What literary criticism approach analyzes the structure or form of each individual 11. What literary device is evident in the introduction of the story?
part of a story and it focuses only on the text itself?
A. Imagery
B. Metaphor Critique (noun) is a detailed evaluation or analysis of a literary piece. Critic is a person
who judges, evaluates, or analyzes a literary piece.
C. Irony
It discovers the true
12. Who are the characters introduced in the story? meaning of a work by
A. Fyokla and Anton giving attention to the
B. Terenty and the cobbler form or structure,
C. Fyokla and Terenty elements and literary
It analyzes the work as a whole, the form of each
devices operating in it.
13. Where do you think the story happened? A. The story happened in the province. part of the text from the individual scenes and ch
characters, the settings, the tone, the point of view,
B. The setting of the story was in the city. Structure/ form
and all other literary elements and devices such as im
Character- It is a person, animal, being , creature
C. The events took place in the jungle. - It scrutinizes the plot personified in a story.
14. Which of the following can be inferred from the exposition of the story? Setting-It is not only the place and time a story
(chronological sequence) but also includes the atmosphere.
In the beginning of the story… Tone- It is the overall emotion conveyed by
and the conflict in a story. choices of words, theme, sensory images, symbolis
A. the villagers were expecting for an approaching storm. narrator of the story such as suspenseful, affectionate
B. Fyokla and the villagers were preparing for a feast after the storm. sad.
Point of View- It answers the question “Who i
C. a storm destroyed the village. story?”
It examines a text xclusively
e as a self
-contained
Formalism or object in Types: 1. from
isolation First the
person-
world,It uses either of the two
biographical
15. They hear a whistle and a rumble, but not such a rumble as the stormclouds information
“I” about
or “We”.the author, or the is
The narrator text’s effect on in
a participant
carried away. A good train races by before the eyes of Terenty, Danilka, and Fyokla. The Formalist Approach the relating his or her own experiences direc
Formalism
engine, panting and puffing out black smoke, drags more than twenty vans after it. Its Formalist
or reader. observer.
power is tremendous. The children are interested to know how an engine, not alive and Approach It does not2. concern the historical
Second person- The events outside
story is toldofto “Y
without the help of horses, can move and drag such weights, and Terenty undertakes to the story,3.social, cultural,
Third religious
person- It nor
usespolitical
pronouns “The
explain it to them. id as.
“He”, “It” or a name. The narrator may be
e (all- knowing) or has a full access to the th
What is the point of view of the narrator in the story based on the text above? It emphasizes the value
experiences ofofallthecharacters
text as aninentity
the instory or
It studies how the o itself
A. First person point view limited omniscient who usually cannot see int
elements work together t . know the future, etc.
B. Second person point of view form unity and to give Theme- It is the author’s message to the reader
meaning to a text. Imagery-It consists of descriptive language
C. Third person point of view a. How do elements images in the mind of the readers through their senses
conspire or work
Literary Criticism is the evaluation, analysis, description, or interpretation of literary
works. together?
b. How does the
Critique (verb) means to critically evaluate, analyze or give careful judgment in which you
give your opinion about a literary work. conflict affect thes
 characters’ actions?

c. What do the object

s, events, images
or action symbolize?
v