( Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bayombong 3700, Nueva Vizcaya
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

Name: Missy S. Aquino Score: __________

Class Schedule: 3-4 pm MWF CBE206 Date: July 20, 2022

ETHICS (Ge Ethics)

Chapter 5- Assignment

I. LEARNING ACTIVITIES
CULTURAL RELATIVISM

a. View a short video clip that introduces the “FILIPINO WAY” through the video
identify and analyze crucial Filipino qualities that represent that represent their moral
identity amidst their moral experiences.

Answer:
Every country, including the Philippines, has its own set of values and stereotypes.
We Filipinos are convinced that our country possesses the best values and
characteristics in the world. Despite the fact that we have been colonized by several
countries, many of our ancestors' core values have survived and are still honored today.
The short video clip I watched, titled "The Filipino Way," demonstrated the
characteristics and qualities of Filipinos. The video depicts how hardworking Filipinos
are despite the challenges they have faced. It demonstrated that Filipinos are hospitable,
which is one of the most popular characteristics of Filipinos. Foreign visitors who visit
the Philippines fall in love with the warm hospitality they receive. It is a distinct value
system that has existed for thousands of years. Another feature is that Filipinos value
their families so much that they tend to keep families intact across generations.
Whereas in families, it is important to spend quality time together, especially after a
long day at work. Even simple activities such as watching television or eating a family
meal will be valued and prioritized in everyone's schedules. Filipinos are not perfect,
but we have great qualities that each of us should be proud of.

b. Student Activity: individual discussion on the Filipino core values 1. Pakikiramdam, 2.

Pakikisama, 3. Pakikipag-kapwa tao, 4. Hiya, 5.Kagandahang Loob, 6. Utang na Loob,
7. Lakas ng Loob o Bahala na, 8.) Pagkamaasikaso 9. Paggalang sa nakakatanda 10.
Pagmamahal sa Pamilya and their effect to one’s moral identity.

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Filipino Core Values Explanation Application
(Its Significance to you) (In your situation or life)

1. Pakikiramdam • Pakiramdam is • Pakikiramdam is

described as an essential essential in one's
"shared inner life because
perception" that without it, there are
complements Kapwa's no feelings, no
"shared identity." It is sensitivity, and no
an emotional notion that shared inner
comes with being perception. We
Filipino. Pakiramdam have this kind of
operates in accordance Filipino core value
with all Filipino values. in our lives, which
This steering emotion is pakikiramdam,
initiates the because it provides
spontaneous voluntary the tacit leads on
actions that accompany how to act
self-sharing. All actions appropriately in
are initiated by a keen, such situations.
deep inner feeling.
Because of kapwa,
Filipino feelings, or
pakiramdam, are a
collaborative process in
which emotions are
shared.

2. Pakikisama • Pakikisama is a typical • Pakikisama is

Filipino trait that simply about getting along
means "getting along with others, from
with others." family to friends to
Pakikisama implies a neighbors and
genuine intrinsic acquaintances. We
appreciation of communicate with
togetherness. It is a lot of people in
significant to me our lives and
because I value group getting along with
harmony and unity. them is the most
People prefer to blend in important thing we
rather than stand out. If can do to build a
progress is made, it strong relationship
should benefit the entire with each other.
group, and no one
should be left behind.

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3. Pakikipag- • Pakikipagkapwa-tao • Paikipagkapwa-tao
kapwa tao refers to relating to
another person as a
fellow human being.
Filipinos most visibly
demonstrate
pakikipagkapwa-tao
through bayanihan and
the "boodle fight." The
former is more common
in the country's rural
areas. Pakikipagkapwa-
tao is significant
because it benefits
people by fostering
strong communities and
families who look out
for one another. It
assures Filipinos that
they can rely on the
people around them for
assistance in times of
need.
4. Hiya • The core value of • We have these
Philippine society is
"hiya," which governs
Filipinos' social and
individual behavior.
Since ancient times, this
instilled sense has made
most Filipinos shy and
reticent. As a result,
most Filipinos are afraid
to speak openly about a
problem, concern, or
request.
5. Kagandahang • To open one's heart to • Kagandahang loob
Loob another is to have
kagandahang loob
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can be practiced
simply by looking
out for others in
today's world,
where everyone
seems to be driven
by what benefits
them. This entails
being more
empathetic, aware
of the needs of
others, and willing
to help others
unconditionally
(whether you get
something out of it
or not). Living in
this manner can
contribute to a less
selfish, more
loving, and
humane world.
values in our lives
where we are not
confident in doing
other things and
become shy or
"hiya" for various
reasons. To
overcome it, we
must think
positively and get
along with others
in order to never
undergo shyness in
ourselves.
is the act of giving
a portion of oneself
 (good will). It is to
demonstrate to the other
that one is sincere, and it
is relevance.
6. Utang na Loob • The essence of utang na
loob is the obligation to
repay someone who has
done one a favor. The
favors that elicit the
Filipino's sense of utang
na loob are typically
those whose value is
impossible to quantify
or, if quantifiable,
involves a deeply
personal internal
dimension.
7. Lakas ng Loob o • Lakas-ng-loób literally
Bahala na translates as "courage,"
while bahala na is
sometimes translated as
"fatalism" or
"resignation," but it is
more positively
translated as "courage to
face uncertainty."The
distinctive history of the
Philippines must also be
considered in order to
see that this is not just
any kind of courage, but
self-sacrifice courage
for the kinship group.
8. Pagkamaasikaso • The importance of
pagka maasikaso is to be
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for the benefit of
others. As
Christians, it is
essential that we
have these values
because they will
benefit us and
others.
• Utang na loob, or
debt of gratitude, is
defined as
repaying a favor in
an acceptable
manner, and it is
important for us as
individuals to be
grateful to those
who help and
support us in our
times of need.
• In our lives, we
tend to say bahala
na, and later on, we
have these values
of courage, or
lakas ng loob. In
order to not say
bahala na in every
situation where we
don't know what
will happen, we
must have courage
in ourselves to not
be afraid of what
will happen next.
This set of values
will enable us to be
less concerned
about the events of
our lives.
• • Our parents have
raised us and have
 hospitable and attentive.
With these values, a
person is responsible for
doing work on people
and has good behavior.
taken good care of
us since we were
children. They
have the values of
"Pagkamaasikaso,"
which we greatly
appreciated and are
grateful for. As we
get older, these
values help us to be
better people.

9. Paggalang sa • Respect is the • • We are taught to

nakakatanda foundation of all respect the elderly,
friendly relationships. and these values
Respecting the elderly are extremely
entails being kind and valuable. We
considerate to them and respect our elders
listening to them, even by saying "po and
if you don't agree with opo" to them
them. Paggalang sa whenever they
nakakantanda is speak to us, and
significant as they are this is one way
honored and respected they know they are
for all that they have treated with
done. respect.

10. Pagmamahal sa • Family love, also • Family is

Pamilya known as pagmamahal everything in our
sa pamilya, is a bond lives, and
characterized by pagmamahal sa
affection, respect, pamilya is the love
loyalty, and healthy that can motivate
attachment. Family love and inspire us.
is a unique type of life
love that is not found in
other relationships.
Despite life's ups and
downs, it is usually
unconditional and
never-ending.

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II. ASSIGNMENT

1. Survey differences in moral behavior of different cultures. List down examples.

Answer:
Moral judgments and moral behavior differ significantly across cultures.
Cultures differ in terms of the specific norms that they hold dear and that guide
group members' behavior. Values are motivating goals that shape attitudes,
behaviors, and judgments. In East Asian cultures, for example, children are taught
to focus on developing harmonious social relationships with others, with the
dominant norms relating to group togetherness, connectedness, and duty and
responsibility to their family. When asked to describe themselves, members of East
Asian cultures indicate that they are particularly concerned with the interests of
others, including close friends and colleagues. As one example of these cultural
differences, Shinobu Kitayama and his colleagues discovered that East Asians were
more likely than Westerners to experience happiness as a result of their connections
with other people, whereas Westerners were more likely to experience happiness
as a result of their own personal accomplishments.

2. What are the strengths and weaknesses of cultural relativism?

Answer:
Cultural relativism contends that ethics is not based on universal or
objective principles but rather varies across cultures. Strong cultural relativists
argue that all ethical ideals are culturally dependent, while soft relativists argue that
there may be universal ideals that are modified by cultures in ways that require
comprehension. Cultural relativism's strength is that it promotes greater diversity
and understanding of ethical differences while decreasing the likelihood of
imperialist imposition of values. Cultural relativism's weakness is its proclivity for
quietism, which may jeopardize action to protect human rights.

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 III. EVALUATION

IV – CULTURE AND ITS ROLE IN MORAL BEHAVIOR

( Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong 3700, Nueva Vizcaya
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

Name: Missy S. Aquino Score: __________

Class Schedule: 3-4 pm MWF CBE206 Date: July 20, 2022

Individual Work: At the end of this section, you submit an essay wherein you narrate a personal
experience, analyze how problems were rooted in Filipino qualities, and from hindsight,
recommended how you would

Title: FILIPINOS QUALITIES AND PROBLEMS

Interacting with people reveals other people's personalities. Filipinos have a strong and
resilient personality. The ability to cope with and recover from setbacks is referred to as resilience.
People who maintain their calm in the face of a disaster are resilient. Filipino resilience has deep
roots, and it is an important part of the country's rich culture.

The Philippines is prone to months of typhoons, earthquakes, and other calamities due to
its frightening fault lines and location in the Pacific typhoon belt. These disasters have the potential
to cause massive floods and landslides. Raging mud and water rivers endanger properties and
livelihoods in both urban and rural areas. As Filipinos, we are affected by these natural disasters.
Despite these disasters, Filipinos have proven to be resilient. Not long ago, the largest superstorm
in recorded history ripped through the country, causing massive devastation. Not long after that, a
typhoon ravaged our homeland, causing floods and landslides, and we will never forget that
experience. Therefore, it is during these calamities that a Filipino's resiliency shines through. Our
family, together with our neighbors, continues our work. So, we save what we can and repair what
is broken. Despite that, we never give up and move forward.

Some may wonder where this resilience of the Filipino spirit comes from, but others argue
that it is a result of hundreds of years of living under the thumb of more massive and more powerful
nations. Others may argue that, while Filipinos understand suffering, they also recognize that joy
can be found in the smallest of things in life, and that those small things that make us happy, when
combined, can make all the difference in the world.

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 ( Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayombong 3700, Nueva Vizcaya
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

Name: Missy S. Aquino Score: __________

Class Schedule: 3-4 pm MWF CBE206 Date: July 20, 2022

Test I: Each statement portrays something regarding the results of Cultural Relativism. Determine
what applies to each item.

Write:
A = Ethnocentrism
B = Xenocentricism

A 1. View that one particular ethnic group is somehow superior to all others.
B 2. This attitude is what we call “colonial mentality”.
B 3. The mode of acting of every man is manifested through his ions.
A 4. The group may not like to mix with other people.
A 5. Get themselves to be isolated and eventually stagnate.
A 6. Prevent a person from learning other culture.
A 7. We tend to compare evaluate and even judge from our own point of view.
B 8. Is the preference for the products, styles or ideas of someone else’s culture rather than
one’s own culture.
B 9. Individual would value the goods, services and other cultural elements of another nation.
B 10. Certain circumstances of some individuals may attempt to elevate the perception among
others.