Helwan University B.Sc.

Students
Mataria Faculty of Engineering Course: Pipe Lines
Mechanical Power Department Sheet No.1

In Fig.(1) water at 20 C flows by gravity form reservoir (1) to reservoir (2) via a
commercial steel pipe sch-40, 4" ND. One flanged gate valve and two flanged standard
elbows are installed in the pipeline.The valve and elbows have the same nominal
diameter as the pipe. The outlet and entrance of the reservoirs are sharp edged. The
water surface levels in the reservoirs (1) and (2) are Z1 [m] and Z2 [m] respectively.
The difference of water surface levels in the reservoirs is AZ = Z1-Z2 [m].

(1) Estimate the difference of the water surface levels in the reservoirs AZ, if the
flow rate is 115 m3/h.

(2) How much will be the flow rate, if AZ is 10 m?

(3) It is required to increase the flow rate to 240 m3/h while AZ is 10 m, what will be
the pipe size that ensures the required flow rate?

(4) It is required to decrease the flow rate to 60 m3/h by gradually closing the gate
valve while AZ is 10 m, and the pipe size is 4" (as problem 2) . Estimate how
much will be the percentage of opening the valve to achieve the required flow
rate? The loss coefficient K varies with opening the valve as per the following
table.
Percent Open 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20%
K 0.15 0.32 0.63 1.26 2.37 4.42 7.91 14.22 25.26

(5) In Problem 2 it is required to increase the flow rate to 200 m3/h by installing a
pump just before the gate valve, how much will be the pump head and the pump
break power if the pump is 75% efficient? AZ=10 m, the pipe size ND= 4" and
the gate valve is fully opened.