UNIVERSITY

OF THE PHILIPPINES – MANILA Physics 108

2nd Semester AY 2021-2022 Modern Physics

JOCSON, MARIELLA ANN M.

Members: CHAVEZ, MARIA CRISTINA
Score:
____/55

Program: 2nd Year - BS Applied Physics - PHYSICS 108 Date Submitted: 10/03/22

Assignment #4

Answer the following completely:

1. The animation shows a charged particle traveling first through a region where there are electric and
magnetic fields. You can change the value of the electric field (between 0 and 200 kV/m). The magnetic
field is 0.1 T in that region as well as the region to the right where there is no electric field (position is
−3
give n in mm, 10 m). Restart.

DATA ACQUIRED FROM THE SIMULATION:

Snapshots of the online simulation with varying electric fields. Most of the electric field values
deflected while traversing through the electric and magnetic field. However, the particle at the e le ctric
fie ld: 150 kV/m remained moving undeflected along the parallel lines of the fields. It is also observed
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES – MANILA Physics 108
2nd Semester AY 2021-2022 Modern Physics

that in the particle at 150kV/m, there is only a shift in the initial and final y-position of the particle in the
( )
region—initial position at 𝑥𝑖, 𝑦𝑖 = (10. 8 𝑚𝑚 , 0 𝑚𝑚 ), final position after collision at the bottom at
(𝑥𝑓, 𝑦𝑓) = (10. 8 𝑚𝑚, − 35. 3 𝑚𝑚 ).

a. What is the velocity of the particle as it passes through the region of crossed electric and magnetic
fields?

b. What is the charge to mass ratio of this particle (it is not an electron)?
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES – MANILA Physics 108
2nd Semester AY 2021-2022 Modern Physics

2. The animation illustrates a charged particle in a Millikan oil drop apparatus (position is give n in mm
and time in se conds). When the voltage between the plates is off, the drop falls freely with a constant
speed because it quickly reaches terminal velocity due to air resistance. When the voltage is on, the
droplet is suspended between the plates. Some constants used in this animation that may be useful: density
of the oil is 875 kg/m3 , density of air is 1 kg/m3 , and the viscosity of air in this animation is 7 × 10−6 N·s/m2 .
The droplet is not shown to scale to make it visible.

DATA ACQUIRED FROM THE SIMULATION:

According to the graph, an oil drop at zero voltage When a voltage of 280 V is applied, the oil drop is
fell for 9.2 seconds at a height of 2.5 mm. suspended, as shown in the figure.
Coordinate s would be ;
(x,y) = (0mm,0mm) to (0mm, -2.5mm)

a. If the voltage required to suspend the drop is 280 V, how many excess electrons does the drop have?

Assuming that the oil-drop soon attained its constant speed when it free-fell and that the oil-drop
has a constant speed (called a terminal speed, vT, due to the air resistance), then:

Without attempting to explain the expression's origin (since air resistance significantly affects the
oil drop's free fall condition), the air's drag force is produced by using the formula of Stokes law’s drag
force which is given by 𝐹𝐷𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑡 = 6π𝑟η𝑉𝑇. The symbols η is for the viscosity of air in the system while
𝑟 is the radius of the particle which in this case is the droplet which is assumed to be shaped spherically.

Accounting for the buoyant effects of air, the apparent weight of the droplet can be written as
4π 3
𝑊 = 3
𝑟 (ρ − ρ𝑎𝑖𝑟)𝑔. The stoke’s law calculates the rates of destabilization of an emulsion by
equating gravitational force with the opposing hydrodynamic force. The symbols ρ signifies the droplet’s
density (at dispense) while ρ𝑎𝑖𝑟 is for the density of the air (continuous phase) and lastly, 𝑔 for the
gravity caused by the acceleration.
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES – MANILA Physics 108
2nd Semester AY 2021-2022 Modern Physics

The droplet is suspended after the voltage is turned on by the electric force provided by the
𝑉
electrostatic equation; 𝐹𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 𝑞𝐸 = 𝑞 𝑑 where d is the plate separation, V is the applied voltage,
and q is the droplet's charge. Applying these different formulas while the droplet has reached terminal
velocity and is in free fall, the following can be observed;

−19
The re fore , 𝑞 = 6. 4 𝑥 10 𝐶 with the numbe r of 4 e le ctrons.

b. If the same drop were to only have one excess electron, what voltage would be required?

We would require 4 x 280 V even if there was just one extra electron in the droplet or a voltage
of 1.12 kV to suspend the particle.