GURU GOBIND SINGH POLYTECHNIC, NASIK

SAMPLE PAPER SOLUTION

ELECTRICAL ESTIMATION AND CONTRACTING (22627)
(22

Semester :VI Year: III

Course/Subject: Electrical Estimating and Contracting Course Code: 22627
Name of the Faculty: Ms. Parneet Kaur Chowdhary Dept.: EE

Q.1) Attempt any FIVE of the following. 10 Marks

a) Draw the symbol for i. Isolator ii. Lightning Arrester.
Ans: i) Isolator:

ii) Lightening Arrester

b) State any four I.E rules for electrical installation.

Ans:
1. Every installation is to be properly protected near the point of entry of supply
cables by a two-pole
pole linked main switch and a fuse unit. In a two wire installation
if one pole is permanently earthed, no fuse, switch or circuit breaker is to be
inserted in this pole. A 33-pole
pole switch and fuse unit is to be used in 3-ph
3 supply.
2. The conductors used are to be such that size of conductor should carry rated
current and partial over load current safely.
3. The conductors installed are to be safe in all respects.
4. Every sub-circuit
circuit is to be connected to a distribution fuse board.

1
c) Compare industrial and residential electrical installation. (Any 2 points)
Ans:

or

2
d) Write any two factors for selection of LT (415V) power cables.
Ans: 1) Current Carrying Capacity:
While selecting cable, current carrying capacity is the most important factor. From the
full load current of the circuit, the safety current taken for selection of cable is Full
load current x 1.5.
2) System Voltage:
This decides which system is used for DC system, AC system, 2 wire, 3 wire, 4 wire
system and so on. Operating voltage is LV or HV i.e. 440V / 230V, 6.6kV, 11kV,
66kV or 132kV.

e) Write the recommended illumination level for i. Parking area ii. National
Highway.
Ans: i) Parking area: 50 lux
ii) National Highway : 30 lux
f) Explain Supplementary estimate.
Ans: Sometimes during the execution of project, some additions may be needed in
the original work. The estimate for additional work is called supplementary estimate.

g) Define tender and state its types.

Ans: Tender is an invitation from the owner to the contractor to execute some work at
specified cost in specified time. It is published in the form of tender notice in
newspapers, notice boards, gussets, etc. according to the cost of works. Following are
types of tender:
1. Open tender
2. Sealed Tender
3. Limited tender
4. Single tender
5. Rate Contract tender

3
 Q.2) Attempt any THREE of the following. 12 Marks
a) Draw the wiring diagram and single line diagram for control of two lamps
and one fan by individual switches.
Ans:

b) A newly constructed residential unit is having following load. (i) 8 Lamps of 40W
(ii) 4 ceiling fan of 65W (iii) 4 Sockets of 6 Amp having 100 watt. (iv) 2 Sockets of
16 Amp having 2 KW. Calculate: i. Total lighting load ii. Total power load iii.
Size of distribution board iv. Number of sub-circuit.
Ans:

4
5
c) Describe the procedure to prepare a design for commercial electrical installation.
Ans: Following steps are to be followed for Design consideration of electrical
installation in commercial building:
1) Find out the type of load and total electrical load for the given commercial
installation.
2) Differentiate this total electrical load in lighting load and power load.
3) Make the no. of lighting sub circuit for lighting load.
No. of lighting sub circuit =
Or
.
No. of lighting sub circuits =
4) Make the no. of power sub circuits for power load.

6
No. of lighting sub circuits =
Or
.
No. of power sub circuits =
5) Find out total power consumption of every lighting and power sub circuits.
6) Find out rated Input current for every lighting and power sub circuit.
P = V1 cos∅
P = Input power for every sub circuit
V = voltage = 230 V
I = Input current for every sub circuit
7) Determine the size of wire required for every sub circuit by considering overload
starting surge and future expansion.
8) Draw the single line diagram.
9) Mark the batten on plan layout.
10) Find out the total length batten required for every sub circuit and whole
commercial installation.
11) Find out the total length and size of wire required for every sub circuit.
12) List out the material required for whole commercial installation.
13) Find out cost of material and labour in estimation chart.
14) Find out the total cost of estimation with profit margin and contingencies charges.
15) Find out per point charges.
16) Draw the circuit diagram.

d) Explain how rating of main switch, motor switch, DB and cable is decided in
Industrial Installation.
Ans:1) Deciding rating of main switch:The rating of main switch supplying only
one motor is equal to the starting current of that motor. But if supply is given to
number of motors from a main switch, its current rating is equal to starting current of
largest motor plus full load current of remaining motors. The voltage rating will be
equal to supply voltage rating.
2) Deciding rating of motor switch: The rating of motor switch is decided according
to the starting current of that motor.
3) Deciding rating of distribution board: The size of the distribution board is
decided from the number of circuits to be fed from it. The voltage rating of the
distribution board depends upon the voltage of the circuits supplied from it and the
current rating is the highest starting current of the circuits supplied from it.

7
 4) Deciding rating of cable: At the time of starting motor draws much more current
as compared to its full load current. To sustain this starting current, the current rating
of the cables is 1.5 times the full load current of the motor i.e. 150% of Full load
current.

Q.3) Attempt any THREE of the following. 12 Marks

a) State the methods of opening of tender and explain any one method.
Ans: There are 3 methods of opening tenders:
1. Negotiated tender
2. Selective tender
3. Open competition tender

Procedure for Open Tender:

 In Open tender method, tenders are invited from contractors by public
advertisement.
 Any contractor who has requisite finance and equipment to complete the work
is allowed to submit the offer.
 The sealed tenders (bids) received from various contractors are then opened in
presence of the contractors at the time and place specified in the tender notice.
 Comparative statement of the rates quoted by various contractors is prepared.
 After checking the comparative statement the lowest tender shall be accepted
as rules by the authority.

b) List the materials required for overhead service connection (Any Eight).
Ans: Following are the materials required for overhead service connection:
1) Poles and their fittings: The supporting structures for overhead line conductors are
various types of poles and towers called line support. The line supports should have high
mechanical strength, light weight, economical and long life. Following are the types of
Line supports
a) Wooden Poles
b) Steel Poles
c) Reinforces Concrete (RCC) Poles

2) Conductors and their accessories: Conductor is a physical medium to carry electrical

energy form one place to other. It is an important component of overhead and
underground electrical transmission and distribution systems. The choice of conductor
depends on the cost and efficiency. The most commonly used conductors are:
a) Copper Conductor

8
 b) All Aluminium Conductor (AAC)
c) Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR)
d) Cadmium Copper Conductor (CCC)
e) Galvanised Steel Conductor (GSC)

3) Earthwire and its accessories: All metal supports of overhead lines and metallic
fittings attached should be permanently and efficiently earthed. Earthing can be done in
two ways:
a) A continuous earth wire made up of galvanized steel is run over the supports and
then connected to earth at four points in every 1.6 km.
b) In second method, every pole is earthed and the earth wire is run along the pole to
the ground and connected to the earth rod pipe.

4) Insulators:The overhead line conductors should be supported on the poles or towers

in such a way that currents from conductors do not flow to earth through supports i.e.,
line conductors must be properly insulated from supports. This is achieved by securing
line conductors to supports with the help of insulators. Generally pin type, shell type and
shackle insulators are used in overhead distribution line.

5) Stays or Guys with their associated arrangement: In case of overhead line to

prevent tilting of pole during abnormal weather conditions and high velocity winds, a
stay or guy wire is provided which is a stranded steel wire. These stay wires and stay rod
arrangement are used to maintain tension in the overhead conductor.

6) Anticlimbing devices: In order to prevent the climbing of unauthorized person on the

poles, barbed wire is wrapped on the pole at height of 2.5 metre from the groud.

7) Danger sign boards: A danger sign board is provided on each pole as a warning
measure indicating the working voltage of the line and the word “Danger”.

8) Guarding wires: A guarding wire is provided for safety of life, installations and of the
communication circuits. When guard wires are provided, if a line conductor breaks, it
becomes earthed before falling on the ground. There are two types of guards: a) cradle
guard and b) box or cage guard.

9
 c) Draw wiring diagram and single line diagram of 3phase, 415V, 5HP
Induction motor installation.
Ans: a) Wiring diagram of 3phase, 415V, 5HP Induction motor installation:

b) Single line diagram of 3phase, 415V, 5HP Induction motor installation:

d) State any eight electrical equipment required in 11 kV HT substation.

Ans: The following equipment are installed in distribution substations:
1. Distribution Transformer:The distribution transformer is a main and largest
equipment of distribution substation. It is basically a static electrical device which
steps down the primary voltage of 33kV or 11 kV to secondary distribution voltage of
415-440 volts between phases and 215 volts between phase and neutral.

2. Circuit breaker:The circuit breaker is an equipment which automatically cut off

power supply of the system when any fault or short circuit occurs in the system. It
detect and isolate faults within a fraction of a second thereby minimizing the damage
at the point where the fault has occurred.

1
0
3. Lightning Arrester:Lightning arrester is a most important protective device of
distribution substation to protect valuable equipment as well as working personnel. It
arrests and discharges over voltage to earth during lightning strokes. These are
installed between line and earth near equipment.

4. Air Break (AB) switches / Isolator:Air break switches are used to isolate equipment
for maintenance and also for transfer of load from one bus to another.

5. Insulator:The main function of an insulator is to insulate live conductor or equipment

at different voltages with reference to the ground structures as well as provide
mechanical support.

6. Busbar:The busbar is a conductor used to connect two and more equipment located
side-by-side when the currents are very high. These are usually rectangular,
sometimes tubular, bare copper bars supported on insulators.

7. Earthing:Provision of an effective, durable and a dependable earthing in a substation

and switching stations is very important for the safety of operating personnel as well
as electrical devices. The voltage levels do not rise above tolerable thresholds and that
the earth connection is rugged to dissipate the fault to the earth.

8. Distribution panel board:Distribution panelboard consists of MCCBs, control

equipment, meters and relays are housed in the control room.

1
1
Q.4) Attempt any THREE of the following. 12 Marks
a) Draw wiring diagram for the residential load shown in Fig. No. 1.

Ans: The wiring diagram will be as follows:

1
2
b) Prepare schedule of material for Industrial load as shown in Figure No. 2.

Solution:

1
3
1
4
1
5
 SCHEDULE OF MATERIAL

Sr.
Description Unit Quantity
No.
1 Main Switch, ICTP, 500 V, 30A Nos. 1

2 Motor Switch, ICTP, 500 V, 15A Nos. 2

3 Rigid conduit 12 mm size m 1

4 Rigid conduit 16 mm size m 25

5 Conduit bends 16 mm size Nos. 10

6 Conduit Saddles 12 mm size Nos. 50

7 PVC 7/1.06 mm Cu wire m 3

8 3/1.06 mm Cu wire m 25

9 3/0.737 mm Cu wire m 40

10 Flexible conduit 12 mm size m 2

Boards of iron sheet fixed on

11 Nos. 3
angle iron frame 30 cm x 30 cm

12 Cu wire No. 8 for earthing m 25

13 Clips for fixing earth wire Nos. 50

Screws 3.18 cm x 8 SWG for

14 Nos. 100
fixing saddles
Sundries such as sand, cement,
15 L.S. L.S.
tape etc

1
6
c) State the different methods of cable termination for LT (415V) line and
explain any one method.
Ans:

1
7
d) Draw the single line diagram of LT (415V) substation.
Ans:

e) State the factors to be consider to design street light installation.

Ans:
1. Luminance Level Should be Proper
Luminance always influences the contrast sensitivity of the obstructions with
respect to the back ground. If the street is brighter, then darker surroundings
makes the car driver adapted, unless the driver will be unable to perceive the
objects in the surroundings. As per CIE, 5m away from the road on both sides will
be lit by Illuminance level at least 50% of that on the road.
2. Luminance Uniformity must be achieved
To provide visual comfort to the viewer’s eyes, enough luminous uniformity is
needed. Luminous uniformity means the ratio between minimum luminance level

1
8
 to average luminance level, i.e.

It is termed as longitudinal uniformity ratio as it is measured along the line passing

through the viewers position in the middle of the traffic facing the traffic flow.
3. Degree of Glare Limitation is always taken into Design Scheme
Glare means visual discomfort due to high luminance. There are two types of glare
created by the street light luminaires, first type is disability glare and second type
is discomfort glare. Disability glare is not a strong factor, rather discomfort glare
is a common factor due to unplanned street lighting scheme.
4. Lamp Spectra for Visual Sharpness depends on the Proper Luminaries
It is very much essential to make an object as per its size and dimension.
5. Effectiveness of Visual Guidance is also an important factor
It helps a viewer to guess how far another object is from his position.

Q.5) Attempt any TWO of the following. 12 Marks

a) Design electrical installation scheme (layout and wiring diagram) of small
industrial unit having 3 phase load of 30kW flour mill. Also, prepare the list
of materials required.
Ans: Solve using same steps as 5b

b) Draw the layout and estimate LT (415V) underground service connection for
10 HP flour mill.
Ans:

1
9
Solution:

2
0
2
1
2
2
 SCHEDULE OF MATERIAL
Sr.
Description Unit Quantity
No.

1 Main Switch, ICTP, 500 V, 60A Nos. 2

2 Rigid conduit 12 mm size m 3.85

3 Rigid conduit 25.4 mm size m 5.5

4 PVC insulated 7/1.06 mm Cu Wire m 45

5 Conduit bends 12 mm size Nos. 4

6 Conduit bends 25.4 mm size Nos. 4

7 Conduit Saddles 12 mm size Nos. 10

8 Conduit Saddles 25.4 mm size Nos. 10

9 Flexible conduit 12 mm size m 1

10 Flexible conduit 25.4 mm size m 1

Boards of iron sheet fixed on angle iron frame 30
11 Nos. 2
cm x 30 cm
12 Cu wire No. 8 for earthing m 10

13 Clips for fixing earth wire Nos. 50

14 Screws 3.18 cm x 8 SWG for fixing saddles Nos. 100

15 Sundries such as sand, cement, tape etc L.S. L.S.

9 Flexible conduit 12 mm size m 1

2
3
 c) Prepare the list of materials and devices required for public lighting
installation.
Ans: The figure below shoes general design of public lighting installation and the various
materials required for it:

1) Steel tubular poles on the street are erected for lighting of streets.
2) Distance from road ends: 1.5 m.
3) Base of pole: Concrete platform below base plate.
4) Earthing: All poles shall be perfectly earthed.
5) Earth wire shall be carried through G.I. pipe for its protection.
6) Base plate: mild steel 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm.
7) Terminal box: contain fuse, neutral link and earth thin able.
8) Wires from terminal box to run through pipe for tube connection.
9) Electric light sources: The sources normally used in public lighting are:
a) Incandescent lamps,
b) Mercury vapour lamps,
c) Tubular fluorescent lamps,
d) Sodium vapour lamps,
e) Solar Panels to Flurocent tubes
f) LEDs (New upcoming pattern on low wattage high illumination)

2
4
Q.6) Attempt any TWO of the following. 12 Marks
a) Prepare tender notice and quotation for electrical installation of four 2 BHK
residential units.
Ans: Tender Notice sample:
Tender Notice
Sealed quotations are invited from reputed manufacturing & suppliers for
supply of 2BHK residential units, quantity four to the under mentioned firm as per
the terms & conditions specifies in tender form available in the office.
The estimated cost is ₹ 1 lacs & cost of blank tender form is 100/- Last date
for issue the tender form & document is 30 April 2020& it should be submitted
before 5 pm of 15 may 2020.
Right of rejection the tender without any intimation is kept.
Tender form available place
Sr.No. Name of Work Estimated Security Time Limit Tender
cost of work Deposit Form

Electrical
installation of 4
1 2BHK residential ₹ 1 lacs ₹25,000 4 months Open tender
units at G.D.
Road, Mumbai

Date & Time:

Name of the officer to contact –
Place:
Date:
Phone: Fax: e-mail Id:

2
5
Quotation Format

2
6
 b) Write the aim of public lighting installation.
Ans: Following are the objectives of Public lighting installation:
1. To improve the visibility to facilitate the flow of traffic and pedestrian.
2. Reduce accidents during night.
3. Prevention of crime and aid to police protection.
4. To enhance the appearance of roads at night.
5. Promotion of business and working hours in industry during night.
6. To enable driver to observe part of the road he expects to traverse in next 5-15
seconds, his own position and movement with respect to the road, position of
obstacles on the road, possibility of traffic and pedestrians crossing the road
during the night time.

c) An auditorium Hall whose dimensions are 12m x 8m is to be fitted with an

electric installation. Estimate the quantity of material. Assume the height of
ceiling to be 5m. The wiring is running at a height of 2m from the floor. The
load in the hall is 12 fluorescent lamps, 6 fans and 8 (5 Amp) Sockets and 2
(15 Amp) Socket outlets.
Ans:

2
7
2
8
2
9