Our Lady Of Fatima University

Antipolo Campus
A.Y. 2022-2023

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter covered the research strategies and techniques used, as well as the locale of

the study, the data gathering instrument, the data gathering procedures, and the data analysis

adhered to by the researchers were also explained in this chapter.

Research Design

This study used a quantitative approach to identify and assess the development of

Charcoal as an Alternative Ink for whiteboard markers. Quantitative studies involve the process

of collecting and analyzing numerical data. It can be used to find patterns and averages, make

predictions, test causal relationships, and generalize results to larger populations. (Bhandari,

2022). The researchers utilized True Experimental Research Design to create an alternative ink

for whiteboard markers using charcoal. True Experimental Research Design is an effective

method for determining cause and effect relationships. The said approach and design are both

important in completing the study. This research aims to create an alternative ink for whiteboard

markers using charcoal.

Research Locale

The study was conducted at Our Lady of Fatima University-Antipolo Campus located at

Sumulong Highway Antipolo City. This location was chosen because it was convenient for the

researchers to look for respondents who were enrolled on the same campus and willing to
 Our Lady Of Fatima University
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A.Y. 2022-2023

participate in the research. This research was conducted and studied in between the months of

March to April of the year 2023. The location was also chosen to achieve the goal of learning

about the perceptions of SHS students of OLFU-Antipolo on a Charcoal Alternative Ink.

Key informant/Population Selection

The researcher decided to make use of Convenience sampling in order to pinpoint the

target population which is Senior High School students of OLFU Antipolo Campus. Using the

Heuristic Approach, the researchers came into consensus to randomly select 50 respondents, as

the selected respondents are to answer the survey accordingly and have the option to refuse the

offer to answer with their willingness to participate.

Research Ethics

Ethical considerations were strictly adhered to throughout the study. This includes the

data's confidentiality as well as the participants' anonymity. The data collected during this

procedure was strictly confidential and was only used for this study. The Data Privacy Act of

2012 was also included in the Google Form, stating that any personal information you provide in

this questionnaire will be used solely for the purposes of the study. There will be no negative

consequences for those who participate in the study. The researchers will also ensure the

participants' and their own safety while conducting this scientific research. Participants of OLFU

Antipolo senior high school students will give their full consent prior to the study. Furthermore,

the confidentiality of study participants would be protected.

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A.Y. 2022-2023

Research Instrument

The researchers used a survey questionnaire - Likert Scale type of test through Google

Forms as their instrument to create a 20-question survey to the research's target demographic,

based on the Statement of the Problem. The researchers used the 5-point Likert Scale to

determine the frequency, likelihood, quality, and importance of the scenarios provided in order to

collect the percentage of participants who interact in Our Lady of Fatima University - Antipolo

Campus.

Data Collection

The researchers gathered the necessary data and information through a survey method. A

series of close-ended questions that has been finalized by the researchers will be

compiled in a single Google Form before being released to a controlled group of

individuals that will meet the following criteria. (1) Must be a senior high school student

in OLFU-Antipolo, (2) Must be in the STEM strand. The survey consists of several

questions designed to answer the Statement of the Problem. Before beginning the survey,

the researchers requested permission to conduct the study in a consent letter to the

research adviser. The researchers contacted the respondents via email to request their

participation and permission to be a part of this research study. When the students

received the survey, the survey began. Finally, as soon as the respondents completed the
 Our Lady Of Fatima University
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A.Y. 2022-2023

survey, the researchers tallied the data, gathered it, and computed it for interpretation

based on the frequency with which the respondents answered the questions.

Data Analysis

The data gatherers in this study were organized and classified by the researchers in order to

be interpreted and analyzed. The collected data was coded, tabulated, tallied, and analyzed to

summarize and interpret the findings using descriptive statistical measures such as the ones listed

below.

1. Frequency distribution. A graph or data set in statistics is organized to show the

frequency of occurrence of each possible outcome of a repeatable event observed

numerous times. This is used to identify the respondents' gender, age, grade level, weekly

allowances, or personal profile; it is used on purpose to organize and summarize the

survey data in a tabular format.

2. Percentage Distribution. It is a data display that specifies the percentage for each data

point or grouping of data points. It's a great way to express the relative frequency of

survey responses and other data (Lavrakas, 2010). The researchers use it to express the

relative frequency of survey responses and other data involved. It is determined as

follows:
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Where:

% = Percentage

f = Frequency

100 = Constant Value

N = Total number of respondents

3. Likert Scale. The Likert scale generally offers five possible responses to a statement or

question, allowing respondents to indicate their positive-to-negative level of agreement or

feeling about the question or statement (Mcleod, 2023). This is more likely used to rate

the respondents' responses in the survey, which will be computed and assessed.

Scale Value Range Verbal Interpretation

5 4.21 - 5.00 Strongly Agree

4 3.41 - 4.00 Agree
3 2.61 - 3.40 Neither Agree or Disagree
2 1.81 - 2.60 Disagree
1 1.00 - 1.80 Strongly Disagree