POSITION - The player positions him or herself in the service

LIBERO – Defensive and receive zone far from the end line.
SETTER – Set the ball to the attacker/spiker - He or she tosses the ball high in the air and
OUTSIDE HITTER – Left spiker forward.
OPPOSITE HITTER – Receive the ball front. Mostly - He or she steps forward and jumps to hit the ball
in the right side and backrow of the court with the palm of the hand at the highest point
MIDDLE BLOCKERS – Blocks and Assist possible and with as much force as possible.
- At the moment of the contact with the ball the
PLAYING POSITION player must slightly bend the wrist joint.
SPECIALIST – Offense, Defense, and Service - The contact may occur within the playing area as
long as the player jumps from the service zone
3 CONTACTS IN VOLLEYBALL and does not touch the playing area before
1ST – Libero touching the ball.
2ND – Setter
3RD – Spiker
SKILLS NEEDED IN PLAYING VOLLEYBALL SIDE ARM OR ASIAN SERVE

SERVING
- Is the act that puts the ball into play.
- Starts the “RALLY” in volleyball
- Also called SERVICE.
TYPES OF SERVING
UNDERHAND SERVE
- Hold the ball with the hand opposite the serving
- Beginning from the bottom and going upward.
hand.
- Stand sideways with respect to the net.
- Keep your legs slightly open, knees slightly bent
and torso leaning forward.
- Side serve - toss the ball low in the air and hit it
- Hold the ball with the hand opposite the serving with the hand open or closed.
hand (see picture above) - When the ball is at the waist level (lower than
- stand facing the net. the chest level).
- legs slightly open, knees slightly bent and torso - Asian serve - toss the ball high in the air, in front
leaning forward. of the body and above the head level, and hit it
- The leg matching the serving hand should be with the hand open when the ball is at the head
positioned in the back. level or a little higher (see picture above).
- Slightly toss the ball upwards and hit it with a PASSING
closed or open hand while hiding the thumb. - A volleyball pass is a done with the objective to
- The ball must be hit when it's under the chest, at move the ball to a teammate called a setter.
waist level The passing skill is performed.
- On a ball that has been served
OVERHAND SERVE - On a ball that is attacked by the opponent
- Hitting the ball when it's above the head level Basically, you perform a passing skill on any ball that
has been sent over the net to your teams’ side of the
court.
The pass in volleyball is known as a "bump" or a
"forearm pass" because it is performed using the
forearms to bump the ball.
3 TYPES OF OVERHAND SERVE
STANDING OVERHAND SERVE TYPES OF PASSING
FOREARM PASSING – Hit in the forearm
OVERHEAD PASSING – Set the ball over the net
ATTACKING OR HITTING
- An attack in volleyball is the action of hitting the
ball towards the opponent's court during a rally.
BLOCKING
- Hold the ball with one or both hands - Used to prevent the opponent from a successful
- Toss the ball upwards slightly higher than the attack hit and also used to deflect the ball
head (see picture above). coming from an attacker.
- With a firm open hand, hit the ball using the DIGGING
palm. - A dig is a defensive bump that keeps the ball
from hitting the floor when it's sent to your side
JUMP SERVE
of the court with an offensive attack, usually a
spike.
 OFFICIATING VOLLEYBALL
- Is a sport with many detailed rules; to have a
smooth game flow and a fair contest it requires a
team of officials.
1ST REFEREE
- Leader of the officials and is in charge of
managing the entire match.
- Decisions are final and can overrule any other
officials if they believe that call was a mistake/
- Often called “UP REF”.
BEFORE THE MATCH
1. Inspects the equipment, the balls, and the
playing area to verify their conditions are
satisfactory.
2. Performs the coin toss with the captains from
each team.
3. Manages the teams’ warm-up periods.
DURING THE MATCH
1. Signals the beginning of each rally by signaling
the server.
2. Calls faults and violations of the rules.
3. If they end the rally due to a fault, they signal
the kind of fault and indicate the team to serve
the next rally.
4. May issue warnings or sanctions to teams for
misconduct or delays.
END OF THE MATCH
1. Signals the end of the match.
2. Checks and signs the scorecard.
2ND REFEREE
- Stands on the floor at the end of the net, outside
the playing area, closest to the scorer’s table and
opposite the 1st referee.
- Often called “DOWN REF”.
1. Controls the players in their warm-up areas.
2. Controls the work of the scorer(s).
3. Verifies the players are aligned according to the
line-up at the beginning of the game and as
needed throughout.
4. Supervises the teams’ conduct in the bench area
and reports it to the 1st Referee if needed.
5. Authorizes, controls or rejects game
interruptions.
6. Controls and reports, if necessary, the number of
time-outs and substitutions each team has used.
7. In case of an injury, manages the injury recovery
time and substitution.
8. Checks the floor condition, focusing on the front
zone (the attack zone).
9. Monitors that the balls still fulfill the regulations
during the game.
10. Will indicate by hand signals the calls along
with the 1st Referee.
11. At the end of the match, will check and sign the
score sheet.
SCOREKEEPER
- Is in charge of the score sheet throughout the
match, in cooperation with the second referee.
- Assistant scorekeeper is responsible for
tracking the libero player’s entries and aiding the
scorekeeper.
- The scorekeeper and assistant scorekeeper are
seated at the scorekeeper’s table, positioned on
the side of the court opposite the first referee and
behind the second referee.
PRIOR TO THE MATCH
1. The scorer will receive the data from each team
like the starting line-up and the names and
numbers of the liberos and input it on the score
sheet.
DURING THE MATCH THE SCORER WILL
1. Record the points scored on the score sheet.
2. Track the serving order and notify the 2nd
Referee if someone serves out of order.
3. Notifies the 2nd Referee of, and records,
substitutions and time-outs being requested.
4. Notifies the referees of the end of the sets.
5. Announces the 8th point during tie-breaker sets
so the teams can switch sides.
6. Record all sanctions and warnings.
7. Controls the length of the intervals between sets.
AT THE END OF THE MATCH
- The scorer records the final result and completes
any incomplete notations. Then they sign the
scorecard themselves, before getting the captains
and referees to each sign it.
LINE JUDGE
- In International matches, 4-line judges are
required. In most other settings, only 2 are used.
- These line judges will stand at the corners of
the court and if there are only 2, diagonally
opposite one another at the corner of each
referee’s right-hand side.
- The line judge’s primary responsibility is to
make the call of whether a ball is in or out of
bounds when it lands near the line and signal
“in” or “out.”
THEY DO HOWEVER HELP BY MAKING MANY
OTHER CALLS:
- If a player on the receiving side has touched
the ball before it goes out of bounds,
- The ball hitting the antenna or any other
obstacle that’s out of bounds,
- The ball crossing the net outside of the
“crossing space” (the space between the
antennae),
- The server stepping on the line or into the
court before the service is complete,
- Any other player stepping out of bounds
during the service.
Line Judges should not hesitate to signal the referee
when these situations occur. The 1st Referee may ask a
line judge to repeat their signal if it was unclear.