ACCESSABILITY ANALYSIS

CONTENT
› ACCESSIBILTY – OBJECTIVE
› ACCESSIBILTY – KPI FORMULA
› RRC & RAB ESTABLISHMENT FAILURE CAUSES
› TROUBLESHOOTING FLOW CHART
› MAIN ACCESSIBILITY ISSUES
› ADMISSION CONTROL FLOW CHART
› DL POWER CONGESTION ANALYSIS
› CHANNELISATION CODE CONGESTION ANALYSIS
› CE CONGESTION ANALYSIS ( UL & DL )
› ASE CONGESTION ANALYSIS
› HIGH PROCESSOR LOAD ANALYLSIS ( Mp LOAD )
› CONNECTION LIMIT
› HIGH UL NOISE
› FAILED AFTER ADM ANALYSIS
› SPECIAL ANALYSIS
› CONCLUSION

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ACCESSABILITY Objective
› Accessibility is defined as the ability of a user to access the UMTS network
successfully to utilize the available services. The metrics within Ericsson RNC and
OSS provide counters and KPI’s that describe the behaviors and experience of the
subscribers while accessing the UMTS network.
› This is divided up into a number of areas, CS and PS, as well as being divided on
an RRC and RAB basis.
› The services which have counters for Accessibility are:
– CS Voice
– CS Data
– SRB
– Video
– PS Streaming & Interactive
– HSDPA Streaming & Interactive
– EUL (HSUPA)

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ACCESSABILITY KPI FORMULS

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RRC Setup Failure Causes
› PLoad=pmNoRejRrcConnMpLoadC
› DENIED_ADM=pmNoRrcReqDeniedAdm
› FAIL_RADIO=pmTotNoRrcConnectReq - pmTotNoRrcConnectReqSucc – pmTotNoUtranRejRrcConnReq
› FAIL_AFT_ADM=pmTotNoUtranRejRrcConnReq - pmNoRejRrcConnMpLoadC – pmNoRrcReqDeniedAdm
› DEN_CS=pmNoRrcCsReqDeniedAdm
› DEN_PS=pmNoRrcPsReqDeniedAdm
› RL_DENIED_ADM=pmNoRlDeni edAdm
› FAILURES_AFTER_ADM=pmNoFailedAfterAdm
› ADMCONTROL_REQDEN=pmNoReqDeniedAdm
› BLOCK_HW=pmNoFailedRrcConnectReqHw
› BLOCK_HW_CS=pmNoFailedRrcConnectReqCsHw
› BLOCK_HW_PS=pmNoFailedRrcConnectReqPsHw
› BLOCK_NODE_CS=pmNoRrcCon nReqBlockNodeCs
› BLOCK_NODE_PS=pmNoRrcConnReqBlockNodePs
› BLOCK_HW_CS=pmNoFailedRrcConnectReqCsHw
› BLOCK_HW_PS=pmNoFailedRrcConnectReqPsHw
› BLOCK_NODE_CS=pmNoRrcConnReqBlockNodeCs
› BLOCK_NODE_PS=pmNoRrcConnReqBlockNodePs
› REQDEN_CODES=pmNoRrcReqDeniedAdmDlChnlCode
› REQDEN_ULHW=pmNoRrcReqDeniedAdmUlHw
› REQDEN_DLHW=pmNoRrcReqDeniedAdmDlHw
› REQDEN_DLPOWER=pmNoRrcReqDeniedAdmDlPwr
› REQDEN_SPEECH=pmNoOfNonHoReqDeniedSpeech
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RAB Establishment Failure Causes

› REQDEN_ULASE=100 * (pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackUlAse)/(pmNoRabEstablishAttempt)
› REQDEN_DLASE=100 * (pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackDlAse)/(pmNoRabEstablishAttempt)
› REQDEN_CODES=100 * (pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackDlChnlCode )/(pmNoRabEstablishAttempt))
› REQDEN_DLPOWER=100 * ((pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackDlPwr )/(pmNoRabEstablishAttempt))
› REQDEN_SFHYST=100 * ((pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptExceedConnLimit )/(pmNoRabEstablishAttempt))
› REQDEN_ULHW=100 * ((pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackUlHwBest )/(pmNoRabEstablishAttempt))
› REQDEN_DLHW=100 * ((pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackDlHwBest )/(pmNoRabEstablishAttempt))

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Troubleshooting Flowchart
› The following flowchart may be useful for troubleshooting accessibility issues
based on the problem areas

Microsoft Office
PowerPoint 97-2003 Present

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Main Accessibility issues
› DL Transmitted Carrier Power Admission
› DL Channelization Code Admission
› UL / DL HW (CE) Admission
› ASE Admission
› High MP load.
› Connection limit.
› High UL NOISE [RSSI]
› FAILURE AFTER ADM

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Admission Control Workflow

Resource request Yes, then block

Is admission blocked
by Congestion Control

Yes,
No, then No Yes,
then accept then
block Check if the requested + Check if the requested block
estimated # compressed mode RL DL PWR + estimated PWR
> >
compModeAdm pwrAdm

Yes, No No Yes,
then Check if the requested Check if the requested then
block code usage + estimated code usage ASE UL + estimated ASE UL block
> >
dlCodeAdm aseUlAdm

No Only checked if No
BE-service requests
Check if the requested Check if the requested
Yes, No Yes,
DL SF + estimated DL SF ASE DL + estimated ASE UL
then > > then
block sfXAdm aseDlAdm block
•X=8, 16 or 32

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DL POWER
› WCDMA Networks TCP (Tx Carrier Power) is always an important resource.
Available RBS Downlink TCP is limited by MCPA capability (20W, 30W & 40 W)

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DL POWER - COUNTERS
› FAILURE Counters:
– RRC : pmNoRrcReqDeniedAdmDlPwr
– RAB : pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackDlPwr

› CRITERIA
– ADMISSION REJECTION : Power > pwradm
– CONGESTION REJECTION : Power > pwradm+pwroffset

› Action:
– Check and align the Power parameters & DL attenuation parameters.
– Increase the value for pwrAdm + pwrOffset and could be less than 100%
– Optimize the parametrs minPwrRl, minPwrMax, interPwrMax, maxPwrMax,
maximumTransmissionPower.
– If 2nd carrier cell is not congested then share traffic by Qoffset (Idle mode)
– If 2nd carrier is congestion also, then check neighbor cells and try to off load traffic by reducing cpich
(-1 db) and adjust Qoffset values
– Do physical optimization incase of overshooting

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DL Transmitted Carrier Power Admission

› Non-HS DL Power > pwrAdm, block start

› Non-HS DL Power <pwrAdm, block release

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DL Power Congestion

› The threshold for detection of downlink congestion is determined by the

parameters pwrAdm + pwrOffset and the hysteresis time pwrHyst.
› When non-HS DL power + HS-required DL power > 100% utilization for a
hysteresis time maxPowerOverloadHystTime, then DL HSDPA-overload
happens.

DL Overload DL HS Overload

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DL CHANNELISATION CODE
› WCDMA Code tree is considered as one of the important Resource
› Below picture will clearly explain the code tree usage

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DL CHANNELISATION CODE - Lack of
DL CODE
› FAILURE Counters:
– RRC : pmNoRrcReqDeniedAdmDlChnlCode
– RAB : pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackDlChnlCode

› CRITERIA
– ADMISSION REJECTION : code > dlcodeadm

› Action:
– Increase dlCodeAdm from 90 to as high as 95
– Decrease pwrLoadThresholdDlSpeech.amr12200 from 50 to possibly as low as 0
– Reduce NumHsScchCode
– Reduce NumHsPdschCode
– Reduce the values for sf4Adm, sf8Adm, sf16Adm to free some codes for other uses
– Carrier addition

› SPECIAL CHECK (for Hybrid & IP Nodes)

– UlCreditUsage != AvgULCEUsage
› ACTION: IUB Reset

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UL/DL HARDWARE CHANNEL ELEMENT
› Ericsson RBS Hardware consumption is measured in terms of CE.

› RNC allocates CE resources based

on the Credit usage

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Lack of UL HW
› FAILURE Counters:
– RRC : pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackUlHwBest
– RAB : pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackUlHW

› CRITERIA
– ADMISSION REJECTION : CE Usage > Available CEs in DUW

› Action:
– Check availableRbsChannelElementsUplink & licenseCapacityRbsChannelElementsUplink
– Rejection in only one DUW (out of available two DUWs) - Tune the ulLicFractBbPool2
– Recommend for CE addtion.
– Reduce the values for sf4AdmUl, sf8AdmUl, sf16AdmUl,
– Switch off the 2ms TTI for EUL eulServingCellUsersAdmTti2
– Send more traffic to GSM if GSM is not congested Change
– Directed Retry to GSM loadSharingGsmThreshold
– Increase UlHwAdm

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Lack of UL HW
› SPECIAL CHECK (for Hybrid & IP Nodes)

› CRITERIA
CE FREEZE : UlCreditUsage != AvgULCEUsage

› ACTION:
– IUB Reset
CE FREEZE

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Lack of DL HW
› FAILURE Counters:
– RRC : pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackDlHwBest
– RAB : pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackDlHW

› CRITERIA
– ADMISSION REJECTION : CE Usage > Available CEs in DUW

› Action:

– Check availableRbsChannelElementsDownlink & licenseCapacityRbsChannelElementsDownlink

– Rejection in only one DUW (out of available two DUWs) - Tune the dlLicFractBbPool2
– Recommend for CE addtion.
– Reduce the values for sf4Adm, sf8Adm, sf16Adm,
– Send more traffic to GSM if GSM is not congested Change
– Directed Retry to GSM loadSharingGsmThreshold
– Increase DlHwAdm

› SPECIAL CHECK (for Hybrid & IP Nodes)

– DlCreditUsage != AvgDLCEUsage
› RECOMMENDATION: IUB Reset

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ASE – AIR SPEECH EQUIVALENT
› ASE is a Virtual capacity resource of air interface in WCDMA Network. It is a
measure of how much of user of this service load the air interface.

› ASE is equated to Speech RAB ASE (sum of DCH-SPEECH + DCH-SRB)

› ASE calculation for Speech RAB

› ASE for different RABs are

shown in the picture

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Lack of ASE
› FAILURE Counters:
– RAB : pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackUlAse & pmNoFailedRabEstAttemptLackDlAse

› CRITERIA
– UL ADMISSION REJECTION : ASE Usage > aseUlAdm
– DL ADMISSION REJECTION : ASE Usage > aseDlAdm

› Calculation of Actual ASEs:

– ASEs are cacluated by using the following counters

› Action:
– Generally ASE rejections will not be pegged due to higher value setting of aseUlAdm & aseDlAdm

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High Processor Load
› Calculation: pmSumMeasuredLoad / pmSamplesMeasuredLoad
› pmprocessorload
PROCESSOR LOAD
TOUCHING PEAK LOAD OF
94% in DUW1. Leading to
Fluctuation for both carrier in
DUW1 (FDD10 & FDD 7)

› Action
– Terminate MRR Recording
– Turn off unnecessary traces
– change reportingRange1a from 6 to 4,
– reportingRange1b from 10 to 8, and
– timeToTrigger1c from 11 to 12
– Incase of IUB congestion, Check and upgrade IUB
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Connection limit
› FAILURE Counters:
– EUL : pmNoOfNonHoReqDeniedEul
– HS : pmNoOfNonHoReqDeniedHs

› CRITERIA
– ADMISSION REJECTION EUL : EUL Serv Users > eulServingCellUsersAdm
– ADMISSION REJECTION HSDPA : HSL Serv Users > hsdpaUsersAdm

› Action:
– Need to recommend the increase in the license limit for HS and
– EUL users
– Increase hsdpaUsersAdm but need to leave scope for HS users
– needing access while in handover in connected mode.
– Increase maxNumHsdpaUsers
– Increase eulServingCellUsersAdm

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High UL Noises
› FAILURE Counters:
– RSSI : pmAverageRssi
[Low RSSI<-105,High RSSI>-95]

› RESONS
– Defective TMA and antenna
– Faulty Hardware
– Increase in traffic manly EUL traffic

› Action:
– Reduce OwnUuload and RotCoverage (if EUL throughput is currently good,
– otherewise we will be reducing EUL thp to an unacceptable level) to 80 and 100
– respectively
– Reduce aseUlAdm
– Set Sf4AdminUl to 0, set sf8AdmUl to 0 (if (not already done)
– reduce compModeAdm in outdoor cells
– Consider increasing CPICH of indoor sites

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FAIL AFTER ADM
› Description : Number of Radio Resource Control (RRC) or Radio Access Bearer
(RAB) establishment requests failed after being admitted by admission control.
› RRC and RAB establishment failures which occur after admission control can be
due to
– Iub transport Network blocking
– Node blocking
– NBAP RL setup failure (RAX or TXB congestion)
– Channel Code Allocation Failure (code not available)
– Core transport network congestion or failures
– timeout in the UE, RNC or RBS
– invalid parameter settings
› Formulas
– Failures due to RAXB congestion = (pmSetupFailuresSf128 + pmSetupFailuresSf16 + pmSetupFailuresSf256 +
pmSetupFailuresSf32 + pmSetupFailuresSf4 + pmSetupFailuresSf64 + pmSetupFailuresSf8)
– Failures due to TXB congestion = (pmSetupFailuresSf128 + pmSetupFailuresSf16 + pmSetupFailuresSf256 +
pmSetupFailuresSf32 + pmSetupFailuresSf4 + pmSetupFailuresSf64 + pmSetupFailuresSf8)
– DL Channel code alloc Failure = (pmNoDlChCodeAllocFailureSf8 + pmNoDlChCodeAllocFailureSf16 +
pmNoDlChCodeAllocFailureSf32 + pmNoDlChCodeAllocFailureSf64 + pmNoDlChCodeAllocFailureSf128 +
pmNoDlChCodeAllocFailureSf256)

› Action:
– Check and remove TAX/RAX Board congestion
– Check and upgrade IUB link in case of congestion
– Check and clear Hardware issues
– Check and clear Iub Link outages.
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SPECIAL ANALYSIS
› NODE B BLOCKING ANALYSIS

› ATM UTILIZATION CHECKUPs

› IUR DISCREPANCY CHECK

› VC QoS Mapping Issue

› UL CE Credits

› STEPS /Commands To CHECK ATM Discrepancy

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CONCLUSION
› This Presentation gives a complete analysis for Accessibility Failure reasons,
Methods to analyse and solutions to solve the same.

› Analysis is also provided for Node-B Blocking, ATM Iub Utilisation, IUR –
Discrepancy Check, VC QoS Mapping Issue, RAB Blocking due to DL CE Credits
& DL CE usage.

› Using this presentation, any Resource can start the delivery of the Accessibility –
KPI Monitoring.

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