LAB1

Design Analysis of Differential Cascode OTA

Name: Mudassir Ali
Roll No.: 21i-2425
Section: IC Design
Date: Feb 22,2022
Subject: Mixed Signal IC Design
Submitted to: Google Classroom
 Lab Tasks (Analysis of Differential Cascode OTA)
1. Schematic of Cascode OTA

Figure 1: Schematic of Differential Cascode OTA

The sizing of the transistors is as follow:

M0,1,2, 3 = W/L=14u/350n
M4,5, 6, 7= W/L= 2.8u/350n
M9,8= W/L= 9.1u/350n
 2. Testbench for the Cscode OTA

Figure 2: Test bench for the Cascode OTA

3. AC Analysis:

Figure 3: Gain and Phase plot of the OTA

From the above AC analysis results it can be seen that the maximum gain of the OTA of 65.21 dB while
the 3dB bandwidth is 30.95 KHz. The WUG is 56.62 MHz, and the phase margin is around 94 degrees.
 4. CMRR Calculations

Figure 4: Testbench for Common mode gain calculations:

Figure 5: Common Mode Gain Plot

The Differential mode gain was calculated in previous task and the common mode gain plot is shown
above. Now the CMRR can be calculated by using the below formula.

CMRR= A DM (dB)−A CM (dB)

A DM =65.21 dB∧ A CM=−23.96 dB

CMRR=65.21−(−23.96 ) =89.17 dB
 5. Transient Analysis:

Figure 6: Testbench for Transient Analysis

The values of different voltages and frequencies are set as shown below:

V1: DC Voltage= 1.2V Amplitude= 50 uV Frequency=1 KHz Initial Phase=180 o

V2: DC Voltage= 1.2V Amplitude= 50 uV Frequency=1 KHz

Figure 7: Transient Analysis results of the OPAMP

The above transient results shows that an input of 50 uV was applied at the input and an out of 87.21
mV was achieved which is almost a gain of 1744.2 V/V.
In order to measure the distortion in output signal. Fourier transform of the waveform was taken and
shown below:

Figure 8: The Fourier transform of transient analysis output

The above Fourier transform of output signal shows that there is a difference of -35 dB in amplitude of
fundamental and 1st harmonic which means that the output is linear. The criteria to consider a
waveform linear is that the difference between the fundamental signal and the 1 st harmonic should be
greater than 30 dB.

6. Power Dissipation:

Figure 9: Figure showing the power dissipation

The above figure shows that the dissipating power of OPAMP is 172.8 uW
 7. Slew Rate

Figure 10: Testbench for the slew rate calculation:

Figure 11: Slew rate calculation of the OPAMP

The above figure shows that the slew rate of the OPAMP is 2.44 V/us
 8. Noise Analysis:

Figure 12: Testbench for Noise Analysis

Figure 13: 1/f and thermal noise of the OPAMP

1 1
The above plot shows the ∧thermal noise of the designed OPAMP at Output side . The noise is
f f
−9 −22
10 v
¿ 1.345 x (−173 dB ) at 1.15 Hz . The value of thermal noise is 6.709 x 10 v (−423.5 dB)
√hz √hz
 Assignment
The figure typical structure of a folded cascade op-amp, folded cascade topology is called as “folded
cascade” because it comes from a folding down n-channel Cascode active loads of a different-pair and
changing the MOSFET to the p-channel.
 These topologies allow the input common-mode level of being close to the power supply voltage as
well as providing a high output swing, wide input common-mode range and preferably steering in low
voltage supply circuits. (Why is this so?)
 However, this topology has higher noise compared to the telescopic op-amp. (Why is this so?)
 Design the Folded Cascode Amplifier (you can change the schematics) and see the above claims are
true.

As Discussed with Dr. Hassan in the class the assignment part of this lab report
will be submitted latter when he deliver a lecture on OPAMPS

9. Conclusion:
In this lab differential Cascode OTA was designed in Cadence Virtuoso. Different parameters of
the OPAMP were calculated and plotted using the analysis tools of Virtuoso.