Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Tieng Anh Chuyen Nganh TC-NH
Tieng Anh Chuyen Nganh TC-NH
Tieng Anh Chuyen Nganh TC-NH
I. Terminologies
Abenomics: Abenomics refers to the economic policies advocated
by Shinzō Abe, is based upon "three arrows" of fiscal stimulus, monetary
easingand structural reforms.
Bank account (Tài khoản ngân hàng):an arrangement that you have with
a bank that allows you to keep your money there, to pay in or take out
money, etc.A bank account can be a deposit account, a credit card, or any
other type of account offered by a financial institution.
Base-rate tracker mortgage (Khoản vay thế chấp theo lãi suất cơ bản):
The mortgage interest rate is linked to the interest rate announced by the
Central Bank.
Capped mortgage (Khoản vay thế chấp theo lãi suất giới hạn):The
mortgage interest rate can only rise as far as a certain level.
Cash dispenser (máy rút tiền):a machine in or outside a bank, etc, from
which you can get money from your bank account using a special plastic
card.
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Central bank (ngân hàng trung ương):A central bank, reserve bank,
or monetary authority is an institution that manages
a state's currency, money supply, andinterest rates. Central banks also
usually oversee the commercial banking system of their respective
countries.
Checks(Cheques - Séc):a printed form that you can write on and sign as a
way of paying for something instead of using money.
Congress (Quốc hội): the name of the group of people who are elected to
make laws.
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Credit report (Báo cáo tín dụng): A report contains information about
your credit – and some bill repayment history – and the status of your
credit accounts. How often you make your payments on time. How much
credit you have. How much credit you have available. How much credit
you are using. Whether a debt or a bill collector is collecting on money you
owe.
Custom duty (Thuế hải quan): A customs duty or due is the indirect
tax levied on the import or export of goods in international trade. In
economic sense, a duty is also a kind of consumption tax. A tariff, which is
actually a list of commodities along with the levied rate (amount) of
customs duty, is popularly referred to as a customs duty.
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Direct deposit (Direct credit - Gửi tiền trực tiếp): is a banking term that
describes a deposit of money by a payer directly into a payee's bank
account. The electronic transfer of money from one bank account to
another.
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Electronic fund transfer (EFT - Chuyển tiền điện tử): Electronic funds
transfer (EFT) is the electronic exchange, transfer of money from one
account to another, either within a singlefinancial institution or across
multiple institutions, through computer-based systems.
Excise tax (Thuế tiêu thụ đặc biệt): is an inland tax on the sale, or
production for sale, of specific goods or a tax on a good produced for sale,
or sold, within a country or licenses for specific activities.
Finance (Tài chính, tài trợ): Provide funding for a person or enterprise
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Fiscal cliff (Vách đá tài khoá): The United States fiscal cliff was a
situation that came into existence in January 2013 whereby a series of
previously enacted laws would come into effect simultaneously, increasing
taxes while decreasing spending.
Fiscal stimulus (Kích thích tài khoá): Fiscal stimulus refers to increasing
government consumption or transfers or lowering taxes. The stimulus will
cause sufficient economic growth to fills that gap partially or completely.
Fraud and Identity Theft (Gian lận và đánh cắp danh tính)
Go public (IPO – Chào bán cho công chúng đầu tư): Become a public
company.Before securities can trade on a securities market (stock
exchange), they must be issued to the public. A public issue of debt or
equity can be sold directly to the public with the help of underwriters.
Initial public offering (IPO) (Phát hành cổ phiếu lần đầu ra công
chúng): is a type of public offering in which shares of stock in a company
usually are sold to institutional investorsthat in turn sell to the general
public, on a securities exchange, for the first time. Through this process,
a private company transforms into a public company. Initial public
offerings are used by companies to raise expansion capital, to
possibly monetize the investments of early private investors, and to become
publicly traded enterprises.
Interbank rate (Overnight rate - Lãi suất liên ngân hàng/Lãi suất cho
vay qua đêm): The interbank rate is the rate of interest charged on short-
term loans between banks. Banks borrow and lend money in the interbank
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Interest-rate cap (Trần lãi suất): An interest rate cap is the maximum
(lending or borrowing) interest rate set by, for example, the State Bank of
Vietnam in certain period of time to implement their monetary policy.
Maturity (Đáo hạn): Maturity date refers to the final payment date of
a loan or other financial instrument, at which point the principal (and all
remaining interest) is due to be paid.
Mergers and acquisition (M&A) (Thâu tóm và sáp nhập): the buying,
selling, dividing and combining of different companies and
similar entities that can help an enterprise grow rapidly in its sector or
location of origin, or a new field or new location, without creating a
subsidiary, other child entity or using a joint venture.
Monetary aggregates (Money supply – Cung ứng tiền tệ): is the total
amount of monetary assets available in an economy at a specific time.
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Money judgment
Mortgage loan (Khoản cho vay thế chấp): is used by purchasers of real
property to raise money to buy the property to be purchased or by existing
property owners to raise funds for any purpose. The loan is "secured" on
the borrower's property.
Non-transaction deposit (Tiền gửi không nhằm mục đích giao dịch)
Offset mortgage (Khoản vay thế chấp bù trừ tài khoản): Your current
and mortgage accounts are combined to reduce the interest.
Outstanding loan (Dư nợ cho vay): The portion of a loan that has yet to
be repaid. Creditors sometimes use the term “outstanding balance” to
describe the part of a loan that still needs to be repaid.
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with the account provider for an overdraft, and the amount overdrawn is
within the authorized overdraft limit, then interest is normally charged at
the agreed rate. If the negative balance exceeds the agreed terms,
then additional fees may be charged and higher interest rates may apply.
Payroll tax (Thuế thu nhập cá nhân): Payroll taxes are taxes imposed on
employers or employees, and are usually calculated as a percentage of the
salaries that employers pay their staff. Payroll taxes generally fall into two
categories: deductions from an employee’s wages, and taxes paid by the
employer based on the employee's wages.
Public goods (Hàng hoá công cộng): a public good is a good that is
both non-excludable and non-rivalrous in that individuals cannot be
effectively excluded from use and where use by one individual does not
reduce availability to others. Public goods include fresh
air, knowledge, lighthouses, national security, flood control systems
and street lighting. Public goods that are available everywhere are
sometimes referred to as global public goods.
Reserve ratio (Tỷ lệ dự trữ): The required reserve ratio is sometimes used
as a tool in monetary policy, influencing the country's borrowing
and interest rates by changing the amount of funds available for banks to
make loans with.
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Residual value (Giá trị còn lại): The remaining value of assets after they
have been fully paid off debts when a firm sells its assets.
Retail bank (Ngân hàng bán lẻ): Retail banking is when a bank executes
transactions directly with consumers, rather than corporations or other
banks. Services offered include savings and transactional
accounts, mortgages, personal loans, debit cards, and credit cards.
Retained earnings (Lợi nhuận giữ lại): retained earnings refers to the
portion of net income of a corporation that is retained by the corporation
rather than distributed to shareholders asdividends. Similarly, if the
corporation incurs a loss, then that loss reduces the corporation's retained
earnings balance.
Revenue out-turn
Sales tax (Thuế doanh thu – Thuế VAT): A sales tax is a tax paid to a
governing body for the sales of certain goods and services. Usually laws
allow (or require) the seller to collect funds for the tax from the consumer
at the point of purchase.
Saving account (Tài khoản tiết kiệm): Saving accounts are accounts
maintained by retail financial institutions that pay interest but cannot be
used directly as money in the narrow sense of a medium of exchange (for
example, by writing a cheque). These accounts let customers set aside a
portion of their liquid assets while earning a monetary return.
Savings and loan association (S&L) (Tổ chức tiết kiệm và cho vay):
A savings and loan association (or S&L), also known as a thrift, is
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Share account
Social security (An sinh xã hội):. Social security may refer to social
insurance, where people receive benefits or services in recognition of
contributions to an insurance program. These services typically include
provision for retirement pensions, disability insurance, survivor benefits
and unemployment insurance. services provided by government or
designated agencies responsible for social security provision. In different
countries, that may include medical care, financial support during
unemployment, sickness, or retirement, health and safety at work, aspects
of social work and even industrial relations. basic security irrespective of
participation in specific insurance programs where eligibility may
otherwise be an issue. For instance, assistance given to newly arrived
refugees for basic necessities such
as food, clothing, housing, education, money, and medical care.
Spillover effects (Tác động lan toả): In economics, spillover effects are
economic events in one context that occur because of something else in a
seemingly unrelated context.
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Store card (Thẻ lưu trữ): A type of credit cards but you are restricted to
using them in certain shops or stores.
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Transaction deposit (Tiền gửi giao dịch) : can be used directly as cash
without withdrawal limits or restrictions. They are the only bank deposits
that require the bank to keep reserves at the central bank.
Value-added tax (VAT - Thuế giá trị gia tăng): is a form of consumption
tax. From the perspective of the buyer, it is a tax on the purchase price.
From that of the seller, it is a tax only on the value added to a product,
material, or service, from an accounting point of view, by this stage of its
manufacture or distribution. The manufacturer remits to the government the
difference between these two amounts, and retains the rest for themselves
to offset the taxes they had previously paid on the inputs.
Yield curve (Đường cong lãi suất): the yield curve is a curve showing
several yields or interest rates across different contract lengths (2 month, 2
year, 20 year, etc...) for a similar debt contract. The curve shows the
relation between the (level of) interest rate (or cost of borrowing) and the
time to maturity, known as the "term", of the debt for a given borrower in a
given currency.
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