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Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person – Grade 11

Quarter 3 – Module 13: Defining a Human Person
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

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Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
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Victor M. Javeña EdD
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Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
Introduction of Philosophy of the
Human Person 11
Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 13
DEFINING A HUMAN PERSON
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person Grade

11 Self-Learning Module on Defining Human Person!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person Self-

Learning Module on Defining A Human Person !

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

At the end of this lesson, students are expected to

a. Enumerate what makes us a Human Person
b. Make sense of Aristotle’s idea of a soul or the Tripartite Soul Theory
c. Evaluate one’s limitations and the possibilities

PRETEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. (5 questions)

1. A Greek Philosopher who had shared the Tripartite Theory of Soul

a. Aquinas c. Plato
b. Aristotle d. Socrates

2. In the Tripartite Theory of Soul, which of the following DOES NOT belong
to the group?
a. Animal Soul c. Material Soul
b. Human Soul d. Plant Soul

3. Which of the following best describe the ability of Plant Soul?

a. animates c. senses
b. grows d. thinks

4. The following are the capability of an Animal soul, EXCEPTS.

a. animates c. senses
b. grows d. thinks

5. It the kind of soul that can do all the faculties or capabilities of all being.
a. Animal Soul c. Material Soul
b. Human Soul d. Plant Soul
 RECAP

Direction: Enumerate examples of facts and opinions based on the

given categories.

CIRCUMSTANCES FACT OPINION

1. AT SCHOOL

2. AT OUR HOME

3. IN OUR
GOVERNMENT

4. IN OUR
BARANGAY

5. IN OUR CIRCLE
OF FRIENDS

LESSON

Have we asked ourselves the question, “What makes us all human

person?”, or “What makes us different from all other living beings?”
Answering these questions may be reasonable to few, and practically a non-
sense of staffs to entertain by most. But have we ever wondered the
differences that all things have, and the uniqueness we all have?
Aristotle’s Tripartite Soul Theory or the Idea of a soul defines that
souls have different kinds basing on their functionality. Aristotle (384–322
B.C.E.) a Greek Philosopher and numbers among the greatest philosophers
of all time with Plato as his peer. Aristotle's Idea of the Soul considers that
while various collections of materials, (Matter), may have potential for life as
a plant, or as an animal, it is Soul, (referred to as Form), which is required
to provide necessary capacities for actualization of that potential for life.
This only means that all things have material component or Matter that are
in potency or has potential to become something, which are made possible
to happen with its soul or the Form that actualizes or realizes this
potentiality to actuality. Hence, plants vegetate, animals mobilize, and man
thinks.
 Aristotle proposes the different kinds of souls:
plant soul, animal soul and human soul. Plant soul is for
plants that made it possible to the intake of nutrients,
growth, and reproduction. Animal soul also possess
some of the functionality of plant soul for animals can
also grow, and multiply. But what makes animal differ
from plant is that animals can move or mobilize from one
plant to another, sense and expresses emotions. Human
soul or spirit is the superior kind of soul among the rest. https://images.app.goo.gl/b4AuUiXSjF6gmfzZ9
Like in plant and animal souls,
human soul also can grow and multiply, move and
expresses emotion. But what makes human soul
different is its ability to think and reason. Thomas
Aquinas (1225-1274) called human soul as spirit or
our likeness in God’s Image and likeness.
https://images.app.goo.gl/A9pWcQKVvSRxSQYf7

With the said Tripartite Theory of Soul by Aristotle, we come to realize

what makes our actions human, or how do we behave as human person.
Being endowed with the ability to think, we may say that human person is
in control of one’s life. Human person can think, decides, judges, and
manage one’s living. We can evaluate then ourselves with our actions
whether we are acting or doing things accordingly - that we act of human
and not of anything else.

ACTIVITY

Direction: Complete the chart below. Make sure that you ask or consult your
parents or any adult who have witnessed your development and reflect
before you write your answer. Copy and fill out the chart in your notebook.

Age Things that I can do Things that I cannot do

0-3

4-7

8-11

12-17

18 and up
 WRAP-UP

To wrap up the lesson, list realizations you learned from the Tripartite Soul
Theory of Aristotle.
1. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

VALUING
The Tripartite Theory of Soul of Aristotle makes a good realization of
one’s action. We can understand then how plants, animals and human
behave accordingly. It is a good realization to do, especially in trying to
consider human action, when for instance one acts without thinking or any
reflection when someone did something wrong. In these scenarios, we can be
reminded that being human is a responsibility to act accordingly, with
human soul that actualizes our potentiality.

POSTTEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. The Tripartite Soul Theory explains that:

a. each soul has its own capabilities or powers
b. discloses the order of being, with its soul’s capabilities
c. there are 3 kinds of souls: plant soul, animal soul and
human soul
d. ALL OF THE ABOVE
2. Aside from the ability to gain nutrients and grow, what else is the
capability of a plant soul?
a. animates c. senses
b. multiplies d. thinks

3. Why did Aquinas call Human Soul as Spirit?

a. Because human soul is same as animals
b. Because human soul possesses all souls’ capabilities
c. Because human soul is in likeness of God’s image and
likeness
d. NONE OF THE ABOVE

4. According to Aristotle, “All things have matter and are actualizes by

Form.” What does it mean?
a. All living beings have soul
b. All things are in act of potency to actuality
c. That all things are in action or realization
d. ALL OF THE ABOVE

5. Do animals think?
a. No, because they cannot do reasoning
b. No, because they cannot express emotions
c. Yes, because they can be trained
d. Yes, because they can understand human

KEY TO CORRECTION

B 5. A 5.
D 4. D 4.
B 3. C 3.
C 2. B 2.
B 1. D 1.
Pretest Posttest
 References
A. Ramos. 2016. Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person.
Manila. Rex Book Store Inc.
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy cited from
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle/
Tripartite Soul Theory cited from
http://www.tripartite-soul-theory.com/aristotles/idea-of-the-soul.html