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  • Grundfos Technical Article Pump Rotation and 3 Phase Motors

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    Goodluckleo De Great
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    1) Three-phase motors can rotate either clockwise or counterclockwise with equal power output, but pumps are designed to rotate in only one direction for optimal performance. 2) If a pump is rotating in the wrong direction, its performance will be reduced to at most half of its designed capacity, and long-term operation in the wrong direction can severely damage the pump. 3) At startup, the rotation direction of a three-phase motor connected to a pump cannot be determined, so the pump's performance must be checked and verified.

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    1) Three-phase motors can rotate either clockwise or counterclockwise with equal power output, but pumps are designed to rotate in only one direction for optimal performance. 2) If a pump is rotating in the wrong direction, its performance will be reduced to at most half of its designed capacity, and long-term operation in the wrong direction can severely damage the pump. 3) At startup, the rotation direction of a three-phase motor connected to a pump cannot be determined, so the pump's performance must be checked and verified.

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    270 views1 page

    Grundfos Technical Article Pump Rotation and 3 Phase Motors

    Uploaded by

    Goodluckleo De Great
    1) Three-phase motors can rotate either clockwise or counterclockwise with equal power output, but pumps are designed to rotate in only one direction for optimal performance. 2) If a pump is rotating in the wrong direction, its performance will be reduced to at most half of its designed capacity, and long-term operation in the wrong direction can severely damage the pump. 3) At startup, the rotation direction of a three-phase motor connected to a pump cannot be determined, so the pump's performance must be checked and verified.

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    GRUNDFOS TECHNICAL ARTICLE:

    PUMP ROTATION & 3-PHASE MOTORS

    Pumps operating on 3-phase motors have several advantages in our industry: high efficiency, consistent power
    and sometimes smaller physical size to name a few. Another tidbit of information about a 3-phase motor is that
    they can just as easily turn in one direction as it does the other. A 3-phase motor can generate the same amount
    of power turning clockwise as it does when it turns counter-clockwise.

    Pumps on the other hand do care which direction they turn - they are designed to turn in only one direction.
    When a pump is turning in the wrong direction, it will perform and deliver water, but the performance is at best
    one half of what it is designed to be capable of producing. Allowing the pump to operate in the wrong direction
    long term can cause severe damage to the pump and motor assembly.

    During the initial wiring of the incoming power to the control, or the motor leads to the starter, there is no way
    to determine which direction the motor will rotate. Therefore, the pump’s performance needs to be checked
    and verified at start-up.

    When on a pump installation that uses a 3-phase motor seems to be “off” at startup, you can use a simple check
    to confirm that the pump and motor assembly is not running in reverse.
    1. Disconnect incoming power supply.
    2. Reverse/interchange any 2 of the 3 INCOMING power leads going into the motor starter.
    OR
    3. Reverse/interchange any 2 of the 3 motor leads connected to the OUTGOING side of the motor starter.
    4. Reconnect the power supply and start pump/motor assembly.
    5. Recheck performance.

    VFD Installations:
    If you are using a Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) as part of your installation, reversing the 2 INCOMING power
    leads to the VFD will not change the rotation of the 3-phase motor. The VFD is receiving the incoming power and
    generating an outgoing 3-phase sign wave to adjust the speed of the motor. To reverse the rotation of the
    motor in VFD installations, the motor leads on the OUTPUT side of the drive must be reversed.

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