Shri Alpesh N. Patel Postgraduate Institute of Science & Research

PS03CINT31 || Unit 02
Shri Alpesh N. Patel Postgraduate Institute of

Science & Research
Department of Information Technology
M.Sc. Information Technology
Semester-3
PS03CINT32 || Mobile Application Development
Unit-2: Introduction to Activities and User Interface

Design
• Introduction to Activity
• Activity lifecycle phases
• Introducing Toast
• Introduction to Views and layouts and Common UI components
• Input and Selection components
• Adapters
• Menus and Dialogs
• Working with intents
• Types of Resources
Shri Alpesh N. Patel Postgraduate Institute of Science & Research, Anand Page 1
Introduction to Activity:
The android.app.Activity class represents an activity we allow the user to
interact with on the screen. The android.app.Activity class takes care of
creating an empty window for has to place visual content using the
setContentView() method.
An activity object has four states:
• Active: If an activity in the foreground of the screen (at the top of the stack),
it is active or running.
• Paused: If an activity has lost focus but is still visible, it is paused. A paused
activity is completely alive (it maintains all state and member information
and remains attached to the window manager), but can be killed by the
system in extreme low memory situations.
• Stopped: If an activity is completely hidden by another activity, it is stopped.
It still retains all state and member information, however, it is no longer
visible to the user so its window is hidden and it will often be killed by the
system when memory is needed elsewhere.
• Destroyed: If an activity is paused or stopped, the system can drop the
activity from memory by either asking it to finish, or simply killing its
process. When it is displayed again to the user, it must be completely
restarted and restored to its previous state.
Lifecycle of an Activity of Android:
The entire lifecycle of Activity object is divided into 3 nested lifetime periods:
• Entire lifetime: The period between the moment the activity is created
and the moment the activity is destroyed.
• Visible lifetime: The period between the moment the activity is started
showing on the screen and the moment the activity is stopped showing on
the screen.
• Foreground lifetime: The period between the moment the user resumes
interaction with this activity and the moment the user switches to other
activities leaving this activity paused.
Introducing Toast:
In Android we can use the Toast component to display short pop-up messages
to the user that automatically disappear in few seconds.
Code snippets to create a Toast Message :
//display in short period of time

Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Message", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
//display in long period of time
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"Message", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
• The first parameter in the context and next is our message and the second
is the time of the message.
• We can use LENGTH_LONG to show for long time and LENGTH_SHORT
to show for short time.
• We can add this line anywhere in our android activity .java file.
• We can add in the onCreate() function to show the message at start of
the activity.
There are two types of Toast view.
1. Normal Toast View. 2. Custom Toast View.
Introduction to Layouts:
• The fact that available space on mobile screen is small, User Interface
design of mobile application is very important.
• For Android each screen follows one or more layout.
• Layouts are like container that holds various view or layouts.
• Placing of views on the screen depends on the layout selected.
• Basic Layouts are:
1. Linear Layout
2. Table Layout
3. Absolute Layout
4. Relative Layout
5. Frame Layout
1. Linear Layout: Linear Layout is the simplest layout. As the name suggest
views are place in the linear flow one after the other. i.e. horizontally or vertically.
Vertical Orientation Horizontal Orientation

Vertical Orientation:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<LinearLayout
<Button android:text="Button01"
android:id="@+id/Button01"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

<LinearLayout <Button android:text="Button01"
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
</LinearLayout>
2. Table Layout:
• This layout places the view/components
in tabular format as seen below.
• As shown Table consist of three rows
(TableRow) and each row as two
views/components. Maximum numbers
of components in a single row specify the
number of columns in table. While width
of column is determined by the maximum
width of the components in the column
across all the rows.
<TableLayout android:id="@+id/TableLayout01"
<TableRow android:id="@+id/TableRow01">
<TextView android:id="@+id/TextView01"
android:text="First Name:"
android:width="100px" />
<EditText android:id="@+id/EditText01"
android:width="220px" />
</TableRow>
android:text="Second Name:" />
<EditText android:id="@+id/EditText02" />
</TableRow>
<Button android:id="@+id/Button01"
android:text="Submit" />
<Button android:id="@+id/Button02"
android:text="Reset"
</TableRow>
</TableLayout>
3. Relative Layout:
This layout is the flexible layout of all. This
layout allows placing of the components relative
to other component or layout.
<RelativeLayout android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout01"
android:text="First Name:"
android:layout_below="@+id/RelativeLayout01" />
android:layout_below="@+id/EditText01"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/EditText01" />
android:text="Second Name:"
<Button android:text="Submit"
<Button android:text="Reset"
</RelativeLayout>
4. Absolute Layout:
This layout is used for placing views at the exact
location on the screen using x and y co-
ordinates. As shown below in the XML, for both
EditText and Button x and y coordinates have
been specified
via android:layout_x and android:layout_y resp
ectively
android:id="@+id/AbsoluteLayout01"
android:layout_x="12px"
android:layout_y="12px" />
<Button android:text="Search" android:id="@+id/Button01"
android:layout_x="220px"
android:layout_y="12px" />
</AbsoluteLayout>
5. Constraint Layout:
• ConstraintLayout is a layout on Android that
gives you adaptable and flexible ways to
create views for your apps.
• ConstraintLayout, which is now the default
layout in Android Studio, gives you many
ways to place objects.
• This allows you to create large, complex,
dynamic and responsive views in a flat
hierarchy.

<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schema
s.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:id="@+id/layout"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/data"
android:textSize="30sp"
android:text="www.tutorialspoint.com"
<TextView
android:id="@+id/data1"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:layout_marginTop="80dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:text="www.tutorialspoint.com"
android:textSize="30sp"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<Button
android:layout_height="53dp"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
android:text="Button"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.43"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/data1"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
User Interface Components:

• Button • Label • PasswordTextBox
• CheckBox • ListPicker • Screen
• DatePicker • ListView • Slider
• Image • Notifier • Spinner
• TextBox • TimePicker • WebViewer
Button:
• Button with the ability to detect clicks.
• Many aspects of its appearance can be changed, as well as whether it is
clickable (Enabled), can be changed in the Designer or in the Blocks
Editor.
Properties:
BackgroundColor Returns the button's background color
Enabled If set, user can tap button to cause action.
FontBold If set, button text is displayed in bold.
FontItalic If set, button text is displayed in italics.
FontSize Point size for button text.
FontTypeface Font family for button text.
Height Button height (y size)
Width Button width (x-size)
Image Image to display on button.
Shape Specifies the button's shape (default, rounded,
rectangular, oval). The shape will not be visible if an
Image is being displayed.
Text Text to display on button.
TextAlignment Left, center or right
TextColor Color for button text.
Visible Specifies whether the component should be visible on the
screen. Value is true if the component is showing and
false if hidden.
Events
Click() User tapped and released the button.
GotFocus() Indicates the cursor moved over the button so it is now
possible to click it.
LongClick() User held the button down.
LostFocus() Indicates the cursor moved away from the button so it is
now no longer possible to click it.
TouchDown() Indicates that the button was pressed down.
TouchUp() Indicates that a button has been released.
CheckBox:
• Check box components can detect user taps and can change their boolean
state in response.
• A check box component raises an event when the user taps it.
Properties:
Checked True if the box is checked, false otherwise.
Enabled If set, user can tap check box to cause action.
Height Check box height (y-size).
Width Check box width (x-size).
Text Text to display on check box.
TextColor Color for check box text.
Visible If set, check box is visible.
Events
Click() User tapped and released check box.
GotFocus() Check box became the focused component.
LostFocus() Check box stopped being the focused component.
DatePicker:
• A button that, when clicked on, launches a popup dialog to allow the user
to select a date.
Properties:
Day The Day of the month that was last picked using the
DatePicker.
Enabled If set, user can tap check box to cause action.
FontBold If set, button text is displayed in bold.
FontItalic If set, button text is displayed in italics.

FontSize Point size for button text.
FontTypeface Font family for button text.
Month The number of the Month that was last picked using the
DatePicker. Note that months start in 1 = January, 12 =
December.
MonthInText Returns the name of the Month that was last picked using the
DatePicker, in textual format.
screen. Value is true if the component is showing and false if
hidden.
Year The Year that was last picked using the DatePicker
Events
AfterDateSet() Event that runs after the user chooses a Date in the dialog
LostFocus() Indicates the cursor moved away from the button so it is now
no longer possible to click it.
TouchDown() Indicates that the button was pressed down.
TouchUp() Indicates that a button has been released.
Methods
LaunchPicker() Launches the DatePicker popup.
SetDateToDisplay Allows the user to set the date to be displayed when
(number year, number the date picker opens. Valid values for the month field
month, number day) are 1-12 and 1-31 for the day field.
Image:
• Component for displaying images.
• The picture to display, and other aspects of the Image's appearance, can
be specified in the Designer or in the Blocks Editor.
Properties:
Animation This is a limited form of animation that can attach a small
number of motion types to images. The allowable motions are
ScrollRightSlow, ScrollRight, ScrollRightFast, ScrollLeftSlow,
ScrollLeft, ScrollLeftFast, and Stop
Visible Specifies whether the component should be visible on the screen.
Value is true if the component is showing and false if hidden.
Label:
• Labels are components used to show text. A label displays text which is
specified by the Text property.
Properties:
BackgroundColor Color for label background.
FontBold If set, label text is displayed in bold.
FontItalic If set, label text is displayed in italics.
FontSize Point size for label text.
FontTypeface Font family for label text.
Height Label height (y-size).
Width Label width (x-size).
Text Text to display on label.
TextAlignment Left, center, or right.
TextColor Color for label text.
Visible If set, label is visible.
ListPicker:
• A button that, when clicked on, displays a list of texts for the user to
choose among.
• The texts can be specified through the Designer or Blocks Editor by setting
the ElementsFromString property to their string-separated
concatenation (for example, choice 1, choice 2, choice 3) or by setting
the Elements property to a List in the Blocks editor.
Properties:
Elements List of Choices to Display (as a list)
ElementsFromString Comma separated list of choices to use
Enabled Whether the ListPicker can be tapped
FontBold If set, list picker text is displayed in bold.
FontItalic If set, list picker text is displayed in italics.
FontSize Point size for list picker text.
FontTypeface Font family for list picker text.
Height Box Height (y-size)
Width Box Width (x-size)
Selection The selected item. When directly changed by the
programmer, the SelectionIndex property is also
changed to the first item in the ListPicker with the
given value. If the value does not appear,
SelectionIndex will be set to 0.
SelectionIndex The index of the currently selected item, starting at 1.

If no item is selected, the value will be 0. If an attempt
is made to set this to a number less than 1 or greater
than the number of items in the ListPicker,
SelectionIndex will be set to 0, and Selection will be
set to the empty text.
Text Title text to display on list picker.
TextAlignment Left, center, or right.
TextColor Color for text.
Title Optional title displayed at the top of the list of
choices.
Visible Specifies whether the component should be visible on
the screen. Value is true if the component is showing
and false if hidden.
Events
AfterPicking() Simple event to be raised after the picker activity returns
its result and the properties have been filled in.
BeforePicking() Simple event to raise when the component is clicked but
before the picker activity is started.
Methods
Open() Opens the picker, as though the user clicked on it.
ListView:
• This is a visible component that allows to place a list of text elements in
your Screen to display.
• The list can be set using the ElementsFromString property or using the
Elements block in the blocks editor.
Properties:
Elements Set a list of text elements to build your list.
Height Determines the height of the list on the view.
Width Determines the width of the list on the view.

Selection Returns the text last selected in the ListView.
SelectionIndex The index of the currently selected item, starting at 1. If
no item is selected, the value will be 0. If an attempt is
made to set this to a number less than 1 or greater than
the number of items in the ListView, SelectionIndex will
be set to 0, and Selection will be set to the empty text.
screen. Value is true if the component is showing and
false if hidden.
Events
AfterPicking() Simple event to be raised after an element has been
chosen in the list. The selected element is available in the
Selection property.
Notifier:
The Notifier component displays alert dialogs, messages, and temporary alerts,
and creates Android log entries through the following methods:
• ShowMessageDialog: Displays a message which the user must dismiss
by pressing a button.
• ShowChooseDialog: Displays a message two buttons to let the user
choose one of two responses, for example, yes or no, after which the
AfterChoosing event is raised.
• ShowTextDialog: Lets the user enter text in response to the message,
after which the AfterTextInput event is raised.
• ShowAlert: Displays a temporary alert that goes away by itself after a
short time.
• LogError: Logs an error message to the Android log.
• LogInfo: Logs an info message to the Android log.
• LogWarning: Logs a warning message to the Android log.
• The messages in the dialogs (but not the alert) can be formatted using the
following HTML tags:<b>, <big>, <blockquote>, <br>, <cite>, <dfn>, <div>,
<em>, <small>, <strong>, <sub>, <sup>, <tt>. <u>
• We can also use the font tag to specify color, for example, <font
color="blue">. Some of the available color names are aqua, black, blue,
fuchsia, green, grey, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal,
white, and yellow
Properties:
BackgroundColor Specifies the background color for alerts (not dialogs).
NotifierLength specifies the length of time that the alert is shown --
either "short" or "long".
TextColor Specifies the text color for alerts (not dialogs).
Events
AfterChoosing Event after the user has made a selection for
(text choice) ShowChooseDialog.
AfterTextInput Event raised after the user has responded to
(text response) ShowTextDialog.
Methods
LogError Writes an error message to the Android system log. See
(text message) the Google Android documentation for how to access
the log.
LogInfo Writes an information message to the Android log.
(text message)
LogWarning Writes a warning message to the Android log. See the
(text msg) Google Android documentation for how to access the
log.
ShowAlert Display a temporary notification
(text notice)
ShowChooseDialog Shows a dialog box with two buttons, from which the
(text message, user can choose. If cancelable is true there will be an
text title, additional CANCEL button. Pressing a button will
text button1Text, raise the AfterChoosing event. The "choice" parameter
text button2Text, to AfterChoosing will be the text on the button that
boolean cancelable) was pressed, or "Cancel" if the CANCEL button was
pressed.
ShowMessageDialo Display an alert dialog with a single button that
g(text message, dismisses the alert.
text title,
text buttonText)
ShowTextDialog Shows a dialog box where the user can enter text, after
(text message, which the AfterTextInput event will be raised. If
text title, cancelable is true there will be an additional CANCEL
boolean cancelable) button. Entering text will raise the AfterTextInput
event. The "response" parameter to AfterTextInput will
be the text that was entered, or "Cancel" if the CANCEL
button was pressed.
PasswordTextBox:
• Users enter passwords in a password text box component, which hides
the text that has been typed in it.
• A password text box is the same as the ordinary TextBox component,
except that it does not display the characters typed by the user.
• You can get or set the value of the text in the box with the Text property.
• If Text is blank, you can use the Hint property to provide the user with a
suggestion of what to type.
Properties:
BackgroundColor Color for text box background.
Enabled If set, user can enter a password in the box.
FontBold If set, text is displayed in bold.
FontItalic If set, text is displayed in italics.
FontSize Point size for text.
FontTypeface Font family for text.
TextAlignment Left, center or right
TextColor Color for text.
Hint Password hint.
Events
GotFocus() Box became the focused component.
LostFocus() Box is no longer the focused component.
Slider:
• A Slider is a progress bar that adds a draggable thumb.
• You can touch the thumb and drag left or right to set the slider thumb
position.
• As the Slider thumb is dragged, it will trigger the PositionChanged event,
reporting the position of the Slider thumb.
• The reported position of the Slider thumb can be used to dynamically
update another component attribute, such as the font size of a TextBox.
Properties:
ColorLeft The color of slider to the left of the thumb.
ColorRight The color of slider to the left of the thumb.
MaxValue Sets the maximum value of slider. Changing the maximum
value also resets Thumbposition to be halfway between the
minimum and the (new) maximum. If the new maximum is
less than the current minimum, then minimum and
maximum will both be set to this value. Setting MaxValue
resets the thumb position to halfway between MinValue
and MaxValue and signals the PositionChanged event.
MinValue Sets the minimum value of slider. Changing the minimum
value also resets Thumbposition to be halfway between the
(new) minimum and the maximum. If the new minimum is
greater than the current maximum, then minimum and
maximum will both be set to this value. Setting MinValue
resets the thumb position to halfway between MinValue
and MaxValue and signals the PositionChanged event.
ThumbPosition Sets the position of the slider thumb. If this value is greater
than MaxValue, then it will be set to same value as
MaxValue. If this value is less than MinValue, then it will
be set to same value as MinValue.
screen. Value is true if the component is showing and false
if hidden.
Events
PositionChanged Indicates that position of the slider thumb has

(number changed.
thumbPosition)
Spinner:
• A spinner component that displays a pop-up with a list of elements.
• These elements can be set in the Designer or Blocks Editor by setting the
ElementsFromString property to a string-separated concatenation (for
example, choice 1, choice 2, choice 3) or by setting the Elements property
to a List in the Blocks editor.
Properties:
Elements Returns a list of text elements to be picked from.
ElementsFromString Sets the Spinner list to the elements passed in the
comma-separated string
Prompt Text with the current title for the Spinner window
Selection Returns the current selected item in the spinner
SelectionIndex The index of the currently selected item, starting at 1.
If no item is selected, the value will be 0.
Visible Specifies whether the component should be visible on
the screen. Value is true if the component is showing
and false if hidden.
Events
AfterSelecting Event called after the user selects an item from the
(text selection) dropdown list.
Methods
DisplayDropdown() Displays the dropdown list for selection, same action as
when the user clicks on the spinner.
TextBox:
• Users enter text in a text box component.
• The initial or user-entered text value in a text box component is in
the Text property.
• If Text is blank, you can use the Hint property to provide the user with a
suggestion of what to type. The Hint appears as faint text in the box.
Properties:
BackgroundColor The background color of the input box. You can choose a
color by name in the Designer or in the Blocks Editor. The
default background color is 'default' (shaded 3-D look).
Enabled Whether the user can enter text into this input box. By
default, this is true.
FontBold Whether the font for the text should be bold. By default, it
is not.
FontItalic Whether the text should appear in italics. By default, it
does not.
FontSize The font size for the text. By default, it is 14.0 points.
FontTypeface The font for the text. The value can be changed in the
Designer.
Hint Text that should appear faintly in the input box to provide
a hint as to what the user should enter. This can only be
seen if the Text property is empty.
MultiLine If true, then this text box accepts multiple lines of input,
which are entered using the return key. For single line text
boxes there is a Done key instead of a return key, and
pressing Done hides the keyboard. The app should call the
HideKeyboard method to hide the keyboard for a mutiline
text box.
NumbersOnly If true, then this text box accepts only numbers as
keyboard input. Numbers can include a decimal point and
an optional leading minus sign. This applies to keyboard
input only. Even if NumbersOnly is true, you can use [set
Text to] to enter any text at all.
Text The text in the input box, which can be set by the
programmer in the Designer or Blocks Editor, or it can be
entered by the user (unless the Enabledproperty is false).
TextAlignment Whether the text should be left justified, centered, or right

justified. By default, text is left justified.
TextColor The color for the text. You can choose a color by name in
the Designer or in the Blocks Editor. The default text color
is black.
Visible Whether the component is visible
Events
GotFocus() Event raised when this component is selected for input,
such as by the user touching it.
LostFocus() Event raised when this component is no longer selected
for input, such as if the user touches a different text
box.
Methods
HideKeyboard() Hide the keyboard. Only multiline text boxes need this.
Single line text boxes close the keyboard when the users
presses the Done key.
TimePicker:
• A button that, when clicked on, launches a popup dialog to allow the user
to select a time.
Properties:
Hour The hour of the last time set using the time picker. The
hour is in a 24 hour format. If the last time set was 11:53
pm, this property will return 23.
Minute The minute of the last time set using the time picker
Events
AfterTimeSet() This event is run when a user has set the time in the
popup dialog.
Menus and Dialogs:
• In android application menu is one of the important user interface entities

which provides some action options for a particular view.
• When you are designing an app it is very important to design a sensible
order and structure for the many options, features and settings that you
plan to build.
• Obviously, your interface plays a pivotal role in your app’s performance;
without it, your app would be nothing more than a disorganized collection
of functions.
• Menu items are a very old and famous user interface entity.
• Almost all users are comfortable using menus in their apps.
• Android provides an easy and flexible infrastructure to add menus in your
app.
• You create menus through XML resources or directly via code.
• Based on the menu item clicked, a certain action can be performed by
your app.
Android Dialogs:
• We can open dialogs from our activity via the showDialog(int) method.
• Dialogs which are created via an activity are bound to this activity.
• A dialog gets the focus until the user closes it.
• The Dialog class is the base class for dialogs.
• Typically, we use one of its subclasses.
• There are different types of Dialogs.
1. AlertDialog
2. ProgressDialog
3. DatePickerDialog
4. TimePickerDialog.
5. CharacterPickerDialog.
AlertDialog:
A Dialog with one, two or three button
controls.
DatePickerDialog:
A dialog with a DatePicker Control.
TimePickerControl:
A Dialog with a TimePicker control.
ProgressDialog:
A Dialog with a determine progressbar
control, which can be opened via
a ProgressDialog.open() method call.
CharacterPickerDialog:
A Dialog for choosing an accented character
associated with a base character.
Each Dialog must be defined within the activity in which it is used. A Dialog
may be launched once.
Method Description
onCreateDialog() Defining a dialog
onPrepareDialog(0 Initializing a dialog
showDialog() Launching a dialog
dismissDialog() Dismissing a dialog
removeDialog() Removing a dialog.
Working with intents:

1. Intents and intent filter
1.1. What are intents?
• Intents are asynchronous messages which allow application components
to request functionality from other Android components.
• Intents allow you to interact with components from the same
applications as well as with components contributed by other
applications.
• For example, an activity can start an external activity for taking a picture.
• Intents are objects of the android.content.Intent type.
• Your code can send them to the Android system defining the components
you are targeting. For example, via the startActivity() method you can
define that the intent should be used to start an activity.
• An intent can contain data via a Bundle. This data can be used by the
receiving component.
1.2. Starting activities
• To start an activity, use the method startActivity(intent).

• This method is defined on the Context object which Activity extends.
• The following code demonstrates how you can start another activity via
an intent.
# Start the activity connect to the

# specified class
Intent i = new Intent(this, ActivityTwo.class);
startActivity(i);
Intents types:
Different types of intents:
• Android supports explicit and implicit intents.
Explicit Intents:
• Explicit intents explicitly define the component which should be called
by the Android system, by using the Java class as identifier.
• The following shows how to create an explicit intent and send it to the
Android system.
• If the class specified in the intent represents an activity, the Android
system starts it.
Intent i = new Intent (this, ActivityTwo.class);

i.putExtra("Value1", "This value one for ActivityTwo ");
i.putExtra("Value2", "This value two ActivityTwo");
• Explicit intents are typically used within on application as the classes in

an application are controlled by the application developer.
Implicit Intents:
• Implicit intents specify the action which should be performed and
optionally data which provides content for the action. For example, the
following tells the Android system to view a webpage.
• All installed web browsers should be registered to the corresponding
intent data via an intent filter.
Intent i = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse("sanppgi.ac.in"));

startActivity(i);
• If an implicit intent is sent to the Android system, it searches for all

components which are registered for the specific action and the fitting
data type.
• If only one component is found, Android starts this component directly.
• If several components are identified by the Android system, the user will
get a selection dialog and can decide which component should be used
for the intent.
Resource Types:
Animation Resources: Define pre-determined animations. Tween
animations are saved in res/anim/ and accessed
from the R.anim class. Frame animations are saved
in res/drawable/ and accessed from
the R.drawable class.
Color State List Define a color resources that changes based on the
Resource: View state. Saved in res/color/ and accessed from
the R.color class.
Drawable Resources: Define various graphics with bitmaps or XML. Saved
in res/drawable/ and accessed from
the R.drawable class.
Layout Resource: Define the layout for your application UI. Saved
in res/layout/ and accessed from
the R.layout class.
Menu Resource: Define the contents of your application menus.

Saved in res/menu/ and accessed from
the R.menu class.
String Resources: Define strings, string arrays, and plurals (and
include string formatting and styling). Saved
in res/values/ and accessed from
the R.string, R.array, and R.plurals classes.
Style Resource: Define the look and format for UI elements. Saved
in res/values/ and accessed from the R.style class.
More Resource Types: Define values such as booleans, integers,
dimensions, colors, and other arrays. Saved
in res/values/ but each accessed from
unique R sub-classes
Ex. R.bool, R.integer,R.dimen

Shri Alpesh N. Patel Postgraduate Institute of Science & Research

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PS03CINT31 || Unit 02

Shri Alpesh N. Patel Postgraduate Institute of

Department of Information Technology

M.Sc. Information Technology

PS03CINT32 || Mobile Application Development

Unit-2: Introduction to Activities and User Interface

Lifecycle of an Activity of Android:

Code snippets to create a Toast Message :

//display in short period of time

Vertical Orientation Horizontal Orientation

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

User Interface Components:

TouchUp() Indicates that a button has been released.

FontItalic If set, button text is displayed in italics.

SelectionIndex The index of the currently selected item, starting at 1.

Width Determines the width of the list on the view.

PositionChanged Indicates that position of the slider thumb has

TextAlignment Whether the text should be left justified, centered, or right

Menus and Dialogs:

• In android application menu is one of the important user interface entities

Working with intents:

• To start an activity, use the method startActivity(intent).

# Start the activity connect to the

Intent i = new Intent (this, ActivityTwo.class);

• Explicit intents are typically used within on application as the classes in

Intent i = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse("sanppgi.ac.in"));

• If an implicit intent is sent to the Android system, it searches for all

Menu Resource: Define the contents of your application menus.

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