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Electric Drive Systems: AC Machine (DC Sinamics) Presented To: Professor Lothar
Electric Drive Systems: AC Machine (DC Sinamics) Presented To: Professor Lothar
Group B:
Syed Khizar Hayat Matrikel No 454166
Goal / Tasks
Introduction
Commissioning
Safety Measures
Conclusion
DC Supply
3 Phase Inverter, Control
Unit, Electric Components,
Speed Control Unit etc.
Components
Rectifier
A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current, which periodically
reverses direction, to direct current, which flows in only one direction.
Inverter
Inverter is used to convert DC voltage from rectifier to three phase AC voltage to run
the 3 Phase AC motor.
Temperature Sensor
Used to measure the temperature of motor in order to prevent it from over
heating and to keep the motor within extreme limits.
Relay
The Relay is a switching device which gives a signal to the circuit breaker as
soon as the fault occurs in the power system.
Circuit Breaker
Electrical safety device
Received signal from the relay.
Protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by an overcurrent or short
circuit.
Stator Windings
Stationary part placed in stator of
motor.
Fig 1. Stator of AC Motor
Stator Frame, outer part (covering,
protection and mechanical strength)
Stator core (reduce eddy current &
Hysteresis loss)
Stator or field windings (3 windings,
120 degree apart, wound on the stator
of AC machine. Produces three phase Fig 2. Parts of the Motor
magnetic field.
Accompanying Course Information 8
3 Phase AC Motor (RECAP)
Rotor
The rotor surrounds the motor shaft and is the motor component that
rotates to produce the mechanical energy output of the motor.
The spinning fan draws ambient air from outside across the stator
and rotor for cooling.
Fig 6. depicts the latter approach, which is utilized in optical encoders [13] Fig 7. Tachometer Vs Encoders [14]
Fig 9. BGS Technic Revolution Counter with LASER [11] Fig 10. Tachometer measuring the RPM of a motor [12]
Fig 11. Oscilloscope showing real time signal (I,V) of the motor
Fig 13 Clamp meter used in the Lab for Oscilloscope Fig 14 Clamp meter for displaying values on the screen
Fig 15. Pedal used in the Lab to change the speed of the motor
Operation
Power = V x I
162.3 x 2.90
0.471 Watts
Effective Power = .11KW
Power = V x I
162.5 x 2.87
0.467 Watts
Effective Power = .12KW
• The rotor seeks to align its polarity against that of the stator field,
the result being a net torque is applied to the shaft
The load torque is produced by slip frequency. The motor speed is characterized
by a slip.
(ns − nr )
𝑆𝑙𝑖𝑝 =
ns
1000−962
Slip = = 0.038
1000
1000 − 100
Slip = = 0.90
1000
1000−200
Slip = = 0.80
1000
• The surge in current and torque are eliminated temporarily using soft
started at the time of starting.
• This in turn reduces the stress applied on an electric motor and shaft
attached with rotor
DC Supply
• Red Wire: Used for positive DC
• Blue Wire: Used for negative DC / Gnd
Potential Earth
• Yellow: used for potential Earth
Safety
(Probability of Failure per Hour) in accordance with IEC 61508, IEC 62061 and
ISO 13849-1.
The PFH value of a safety function depends on the safety concept of the
drive unit and it’s hardware configuration, as well as on the PFH values of
other components used for this safety function.
Corresponding PFH values are provided for the SINAMICS S120 drive
system, depending on the hardware configuration (number of drives,
control type, number of encoders used, ...).
Violation of limits may briefly lead to a speed higher than the speed set
point, or the axis may pass the defined position to a certain extent,
depending on the dynamic response of the drive and on parameter
settings.
Mechanical forces greater than the maximum drive torque may force a
drive currently operated in position control mode out of the Safe
Operational Stop state (SOS) and trigger a category 1 stop function to IEC
60204-1 (fault reaction function STOP B).