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DPWH Cost Estimation
DPWH Cost Estimation
Planning Service, PMO- Implementing Offices POCW with the assistance from
Feasibility Studies PMOs, ROs and DEOs PMOs, ROs, DEOs
Cost Estimation Process
• Direct Cost
• Labor
• Materials
• Equipment
• Materials
• labor processing & transport
• equipment
Unit Price Analysis
Labor Categories
• Monthly Wages based on 314 days per year, 8 hours per day (Basic Daily Wage
x (314/12))
• Leave, vacation and sick = Basic Monthly Pay / 12
• Bonus, 13th Month Pay = Basic Monthly Pay / 12
• SSS, Medicare, Employer's Compensation = Amount Representing
Employer's Contribution, Graduated Scale
• Pag-ibig, Employer's Compensation = Amount Representing Employer's
Contribution, (2% of Basic Monthly Wage or P100 max.)
• Rate per Hour = Total rate per month x (12/314/8)
Unit Price Analysis
Basic Calculation
• Bare Month Rental – Bare monthly rate ÷ 200h/mo.
• Repair & Miscellaneous
• Repair - 6.3% of Bare Rental
• Spare Parts – 5.1% of Bare Rental
• Miscellaneous – 0.6% of Bare Rental
• Fuel
• Fuel – Price/lit. x HP x 0.1514
• Oil & Lubricant – Price/lit. x HP x 0.003
• Labor
• Operator or driver – Labor rate/hr
Unit Price Analysis
Sample calculation of
adjusted equipment rates
in spreadsheet
Unit Price Analysis
Materials Category Sample Materials
• Commercial Materials – Portland Cement
– Reinforcing Steel Bars (RSB or Rebars)
– Lumber
– Plywood
– Tie Wire
– Structural Steel
– Common Wire Nails (CWN) assorted sizes
– Emulsified Asphalt (SS-1)
– Cut-Back Asphalt (MC-70/MC-250)
– Asphalt Cement Penetration 85/100
– Joint Sealer
– Reflective Paints
– Metal Beam Guard Rails,
– Guard End Pieces
– Reflective Pavement Stud (raised or low profile)
– Fuel (Diesel/gasoline/premium gasoline
– Lubricants
• Contractor’s processed materials
– Reinforced Concrete Pipe Culvert (RCPC)
– Base/Subbased Courses
Unit Price Analysis
• Cycle time
• Loader
– Load bucket and shift gears
Total Cycle
Up to P1Million 13 15 1 29
Above P1M to
12 14 1 27
P5M
Above P5M to
12 13 1 26
P10M
Above P10M to
11 12 1 24
P20M
Above 20M to
11 11 1 23
P50M
Above P50M 10 10 1 21
Unit Price Analysis
Cost Currency Components:
• Foreign Cost Component
• imported equipment & spare parts
• foreign currency component of locally goods
• & services
• wages of expatriate personnel
• foreign overheads & profits
Area of a Rectangle
Area of a Circle
A = width x length = (wl)
A = πr2
Perimeter of a Rectangle
Circumference of a Circle
P = 2(lwidth) + 2(length) = 2(w) + 2(l)
C = 2πr = πD π = 3.14 159
Unit Price Analysis
Sample Formula of Solid Geometric Figures
where:
Q = bowl capacity in loose cubic meters f
= soil conversion factor
60 = minutes per hour E
= efficiency factor
Cm = total cycle time in minutes
Unit Price Analysis
Bowl Capacity of Dozers (loose yards)
Tractor Model Bulldozer Angle Dozer
D4 1.25 m3 1.82 m3
D6 1.44 m3 2.01 m3
D7 2.20 m3 2.58 m3
D8 2.40 m3 2.97 m3
Conversion Factors, f
Converted to
Present
Soil Type
Condition In-place Loose Compacted
Sand In-place 1.00 1.11 0.95
Loose 0.90 1.00 0.86
Compacted 1.05 1.17 1.00
Common Earth In-place 1.00 1.25 0.90
Loose 0.80 1.00 0.72
Compacted 1.11 1.39 1.00
Clay In-place 1.00 1.43 0.93
Loose 0.70 1.00 0.63
Compacted 1.11 1.59 1.00
Source: Construction Equipment Manual, BRS/DPWH
Unit Price Analysis
Sample Calculation for Work Output
Given: Average haul distance one way – 30 m
Soil type - common earth
Efficiency factor (E) - 80%
Speed - 2.5 kph
Required: Determine in place cubic meters moved per hour if D7 tractor dozer is to be used. Solution:
Step 1. From conversion factor table, the soil conversion factor (f), soil type common earth loose to in-place, f = 0.80
From dozer bowl capacity table, D7 tractor dozer, Q = 2.2 m3
Step 2. Determine fixed time
@ 2 gear shift @ 10 sec. per shift = 20 sec = 0.33 min
Step 3. Determine variable time
Travel forward 30 m @ 2.5 kph
Concrete Proportion
Sample Calculation:
Solution:
Determine Item 310 – Bituminous Concrete Surface Course, Hot-Laid (AC – Asphalt Concrete)
The derived quantities are then summarized in the bill of quantities and subsequently, manually
entered in the estimated construction cost spreadsheet which are multiplied by the unit prices to
come up with total cost of that item and summed up all the pay items to calculate the total direct
cost. After which, indirect cost is applied to determined the total estimated project cost.
Unit Price Analysis
Sample of Bill of Quantities
Item Number Description Unit Quantity
100(1) Clearing and Grubbing ha. 20
102(1) Unsuitable Excavation m3 1,000
102(2) Surplus Common Excavation m3 11,000
103(3) Foundation Fill m3 2,000
103(6) Pipe Culverts and Drainage Excavation m3 1,858
104(1) Embankment m3 7,500
105(1) Subgrade Preparation (Common Material) m2 3,000
105(3) Subgrade Preparation (Unsuitable Material) m2 5,000
200 Aggregate Subbase Course m3 10,455
201 Aggregate Base Course m3 12,156
301(1) Bituminous Prime (MC-70 Cut-Back Asphalt) ton 30,780
310 Bituminous Concrete Surface Course, Hot-Laid m2 5,689
500(1) RCPC 610mmØ l.m. 3,105
Unit Price Analysis
Sample of unit
price analysis in
spreadsheet
Unit Price Analysis
Sample of Summary of Construction Pay Items Unit Prices
Unit Price Analysis
Sample of Total Estimated Project Cost
Unit Price Analysis
Sample of the Program of Work (POW)
Unit Price Analysis
Sample of the Approved Budget for the Contract (ABC)
Unit Price Analysis
Sample of the Minimum Equipment Requirement
Maintenance Cost
Highway Maintenance
Two Categories:
• Routine Maintenance
• vegetation control
• cleaning and repairing culverts General Cost
• cleaning ditches
• cleaning and repairing traffic signs
• climatic loss of gravel on shoulder
• Periodic Maintenance
• road surface repairs
• resurfacing
• shoulder repair & resurfacing
Maintenance Cost AADT
0
EMK Factors
Basic Formula:
Road:
MCR = EMKbudget x Ft x Fw x Length AADT
where:
MCR = maintenance cost for road
EMKbudget = annual allocation
Bridge:
MCB = EMKbudget x Fb x Length
where:
MCB = maintenance cost for bridge
EMKbudget = annual allocation
Fb = factor for bridge type
Length = in meter
Source: BOM/
DPWH
Maintenance Cost
• Resurfacing
• Asphalt Concrete Overlay
where:
L = length in meters
W = width in meters
Qtytable = Periodic Maintenance Task Table
unit rateactivity = maintenance unit price analysis
Frequency = benchmark of traffic volume in terms of v.u. as shown in Periodic
Maintenance Task Table
Maintenance Cost
Sample of Summary Routine Maintenance Unit Cost