A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

1. Collects data (input)

2. Processing
3. Produces information (output)

COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware
 Input Device - Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer
 Output Device-Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people
 System Unit- Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to
process data
 Storage Device- Holds data, instructions, and information for future use
 Communications Device- Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and
information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
ADVANTAGES OF USING COMPUTERS
 Speed
 Reliability
 Consistency
 Storage
 Communications

DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERS
 Violation of Privacy
 Public Safety
 Impact on Labor Force
 Health Risks
 Impact on Environment

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY- the technology used to store, manipulate, distribute or create

information. All these can be summed up easily – It’s having knowledge, and knowledge comes from
having information.

Information technology literally refers to any development that mainly involves computer-based
information systems comprising of software applications and the computer hardware.

Internet- is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government

agencies, educational institutions, and individuals

USES FOR THE INTERNET:

 Communicate
 Research and Access Information
 Shop
 Bank and Invest
 Online Trading
 Entertainment
 Share Information
 Download Videos
 Web Application

IMPORTANCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

As a general view, information technology today permits us to gather, handle and interconnect a
gigantic volume of information. And its sustainable development improves its competence, capability
swiftness and precisions of any components it provides. Information technology has achieved a lot in
this present era and will continue to evolve.

. It is indeed truthful to say that the information technology has successfully infiltrated human
existences, occupying the biggest part of every lifestyle; the importance of information technology;
touching lives.

Advantages:
 Increase in globalization
 The world’s economy is becoming a single independent system
 Information can be shared quickly
 No more linguistic and geographical boundaries
 Communication has become an easier, cheaper, and faster system
 Social Media
 Business have become more cost effective
 New jobs

SOCIAL NETWORKING WEB SITE (Online Social Network)- encourages members to share their interests,
ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users

DISADVANTAGES:
 Rise in unemployment
 Job redundancies, downsizing, and outsourcing has occurred
 IT has no job security
ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN DAILY LIFE

IT is a set of tools that can help provide the right people with the right information at the right time.
Though IT is not a solution to everything, for IT to work, people Must learn how to use it.

THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN BUSINESS SUCCESS

The path of innovation in business means doing something different, smarter or better that will make a
positive difference in terms of value, quality or productivity by using emerging or proved technologies of
the world.

Currently online shopping, digital marketing, social networking, digital communication and cloud
computing etc. are the best examples of change which came through the wave of information
technology.

Now accurate business planning, effective marketing, global sales, systematic management, real time
monitoring, instant customer support and long-term business growth cannot be achieved at the
optimum level without IT.

THE IMPORTANCE OF IT IN BUSINESS

• accurate analysis
• choosing the right technology
• future vision.

 DECISION MAKING- Speed and accuracy are at the heart of making right decision for your
business.
 MARKETING AND BUSINESS GROWTH- The overall marketing covers public relation, advertising,
promotion and sales which subsequently impact on business growth.
o Digital Marketing-a modern phenomenon which let you promote your products or
services all over the world.
o SEO-Search engine Optimization
o PPC-Pay per Click

 CUSTOMER SUPPORT AND SATISFACTION

 provides many channels to communicate with the customer such as:
o email
o webinar
o social media
o member portals
o online newsletters
o text or multimedia messaging through the smart phone

 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND GLOBALIZATIONS-managers can manage or monitor their

organizational resources virtually anywhere in the world by using their personal computer,
laptops, tablets or Smartphone.

ROLE IN THE MODERN ORGANIZATION

• Communications
o live chat systems
o online meeting tools
o video-conferencing systems
o Voice over internet protocol (VOIP) 
o telephones and smart-phones

• Inventory Management-systems track the quantity of each item a company maintains, triggering an
order of additional stock when the quantities fall below a predetermined amount.

• Data Management-able to store and maintain a tremendous amount of historical data economically,
and employees benefit from immediate access to the documents they need.

• Management information Systems (MIS) -Progressive companies use that data as part of their
strategic planning process as well as the tactical execution of that strategy.
o to track sales data, expenses and productivity levels
 o to track profitability over time
o to maximize return on investment and identify areas of improvement
o to assist managers, track sales on a daily basis, allowing them to immediately react to lower-
than-expected numbers by boosting employee productivity or reducing the cost of an item.

• Customer Relationship Management (CRM)- systems capture every interaction a company has with a
customer, so that a more enriching experience is possible

THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION

Advancement of information technology in education has improved research.
o Online libraries that assist teachers and students with comprehensive reading materials
o Teachers and lecturers are also able to post their work online for their students
o Students also get updated information
o Easy access to different learning resources
o Help to improve teaching skills and learning abilities of the students

Students and teachers can also easily download eBooks from the internet which can be read from
anywhere through your phone or tablet.

The hearing-impaired use electronic devices called hearing aids. They can also use visual learning where
sign language is used on electronic media to enhance communication.

IMPORTANCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION

The world of education is changing as the modern world continues to grow. With so much progress
happening, it’s important that education be able to reach students in new ways so that their students
are prepared for the future.

THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN MEDICAL SCIENCE

Health information technology (HIT) is the application of information processing involving both
computer hardware and software that deals with the storage, retrieval, sharing, and use of health care
information, data, and knowledge for communication and decision making.

In 1949, Gustav Wagner established the first professional organization for health informatics in
Germany.

Health informatics also called Health Information Systems

o It is a discipline at the intersection of information science, computer science, and health care.
o It concerns with the resources, devices, and methods required for optimizing the acquisition,
storage, retrieval, and use of information in health and biomedicine.
o Applied to the areas of:
o nursing
o clinical care
o dentistry
o pharmacy
o public health
o occupational therapy, and (bio) medical research

Use of IT in Medical Education

o Computer assisted learning (CAL)
o Virtual reality (VR)
o Human patient simulators
o Advanced Life Support” (ACLS)
o Haptics- “the science of touch”
o Electronic Medical Records (EMR)

Importance of Information Technology in Healthcare

Most medical offices can now send and receive digital medical information from doctors you’ve had in
the past.

Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)