GUESS AND CHECK

1. In Mrs. Brown’s class, there are 24 students, there are 6 more girls than boys. How many
boys and girls are there?
Guess Boys 6 + Girls Total
1st 9 15 24

Boys = 9
Girls = 15
2. Norman collects black and gray rocks. He has 3 total of 48 times as many black rocks as
gray rocks. How many of each kind of rocks does Norman have?

Guess Black Gray Total

1st 36 12 48

Black rock = 36
Gray rock = 12
3. There were grapes and mangoes. There were 10 more grapes than mangoes. Together
there were 24 grapes and mangoes. How many of each grapes and mangoes have?

Guess Grapes + 10 Mangoes Total

1st 17 7 24

Grapes = 17
Mangoes = 7
4. James collects 60 vapes, disposable and not disposable. Disposable divide of 5 than not
disposable. How many does James collect of each vapes?
Guess Disposable ÷ 5 Not Disposable Total
1st 50 10 60

Disposable = 50
Not Disposable = 10
5.
Diagram
1. A group of NEUST-SIC students were asked if they had been to a Wild Mantis basketball
game or a Wild Mantis Volleyball game this year. The Venn diagram below summarizes the

results.
a. Explain what each number in the diagram represents.
Answer:
- 52 in region I represents the 52 students who had been to a Wild Mantis basketball game, but
had not been to a Wild Mantis Volleyball game.
-12 in region II represents the 12 students that had been to both a Wild Mantis basketball game
and a Wild Mantis Volleyball game.
-63 in region III represents the 63 students who had been to a Wild Mantis Volleyball game, but
had not been to a Wild Mantis basketball game.

b. How many students went to a Volleyball game or a Basketball game?

Answer:
In this case “or” implies that a student had seen at least one of the two sports. This counts the
students represented in regions I, II and III. Students that had been to both sports also need to be
counted.
Answer: 52+12+63 = 127

2. A group of students was surveyed to determine which of three types of foods they liked. The
Venn diagram below summarizes the results.
 a. Explain what each number in the diagram represents.
Answer:
-4 represents the 4 student that liked pizza, but didn’t like tacos or hamburgers.
-3 in the upper represents the 3 students that liked pizza and hamburgers, but didn’t like
tacos.
-2 in the upper represents the 2 students that liked hamburgers, but didn’t like tacos or
pizzas.
-2 in the middle represents the 2 students that like pizza and tacos, but didn’t like
hamburgers.
-5 represents the 5 students that liked all three foods.
-1 represents the 1 student that liked tacos and hamburgers, but didn’t like pizza.
-3 in the lower represents the 3 students that liked tacos, but didn’t like hamburgers nor
pizza.
b. How many students were surveyed?
Answer: I need to add up each number inside the diagram, as they all represent a student that was
surveyed. Answer: 4+3+2+2+5+1+10+3 = 30
c. How many students liked exactly one of the three types?
These are the students represented in hamburger only, pizza only and taco only.
Answer: 4+2+3 = 9 students

3.) In a class of 50 students, each of the students passed either in mathematics or in science or in
both. 10 students passed in both and 28 passed in science. Find how many students passed in
mathematics ?
Answer & Solution:
Let M = The set of students passed in Mathematics
        S = The set of students passed in Science
We may solve the given problem using Venn diagram.
Let "x" be the number of students passed in Mathematics. By representing the given details in
venn diagram, we get:
-10 students passed in both subjects
- 28 passed in Science, we put 18 because we already have the number 10 that both passed.
( 10+18=28 ).

From the Venn diagram

x + 10 + 18 = 50
x = 50 - 28 = 22
Therefore, the number of students passed in mathematics is 32.

4.) In a school, all the students play either Basket ball or Volley ball or both. 400 students play
Basketball, 370 students play Volley ball and 220 students play both games.
Find: (a) the number of students who play Basket ball only
          (b) the number of students who play Volley ball only
          (c) the total number of students in the school
Answer & Solution:
Let A = The set of students who play basket ball
       B = The set of students who play volley ball
- First we put 220 on the intersection of the two sports or the students play both games.
- Basketball (400-220= 180) Volleyball (370-220= 150).

(a) The number of students who play basketball only is 180

(b)The number of students who play Volleyball only is 150
(c) The total number of students in the school
  =  180 + 220 + 150
  =  550

5.) 85 students are in the writing competition

     200 students are on a sports competition
     60 students participate in both activities
a) Create a Venn diagram to model the information.
b) How many students were in writing compt. or sports?
c) How many were in writing compt., but not sports?
Answer & Solution:
I will create a two set Venn diagram. One set will be labeled writing compt., the other sports.
First, we put 60 on the intersection of the writing and sports competition. In the given we have

85 participants in writing competition but now we already have the 60 in the diagram, to have a
total of 85 we subtract ( 85-60=25) and we get 25. To get the appropriate number of Sports
competition in the diagram we subtract ( 200-60 = 140) and we get 140.
Working Backwards
1. Leah sells cakes. Simon bought 3 slices of chocolate cake. Jerry bought twice more than the
number of pieces that Simon bought. There are 3 slices left. How many slices of chocolate cake
did Leah make?
Sol.:
12 slices
3 - left
2 x 3 = 6 Jerry
3 - Simon

2. Che loves shoes, and she owns a certain number of pairs. Last Monday, she went to a thrift
store and bought two pairs of heels and three pairs of flats. The next day, she saw a cute pair of
sneakers in an online shop and immediately checked it out. On the same day, she gave Miyo a
pair of heels and a pair of flats. When Friday came, she counted her shoe collection and ended up
having 36 pairs in the shoe rack. How many pairs did she have last Sunday?
Sol.:
36 +2 – 1 – 5 =3 2 pairs

3. Tim ordered an album which takes 3 months to be delivered. He received it on March. When
did he order it?

Sol.:
December.
Jan - 1st month,
Feb - 2nd,
Mar - 3rd

4. Blue flew to America right after he graduated in elementary. He finished his education there
and got his bachelor’s degree. He’s now 25 years old and working for 3 years. How old was Blue
when he went to America?

Solution:
25 years old
Secondary education- grade 7-12 (6 years)
Bachelor’s- 4 years
Work- 3 years
25 – 3 – 4 – 6 = 12

12 years old
5. I ate an apple last night. Ate another one this morning. I went to the grocery store this
afternoon to buy 5 apples and ate one on the way home. I have 6 apples now. How many
apples did I have yesterday?

Sol.:
6 – 4 + 1 + 1 = 4 apples

6. Lexie wants to know her calculus score. She multiplies it by 2, deduct 4 from the product,
increased 12 to the difference and divided the sum by 5. She ended up with 10. What is
her calculus score?

Reverse:
÷ x
- +
+ -
x ÷

Solutions: Check:

10 x 5 = 50 21 x 2 = 42
50 – 12 = 38 42 – 4 = 38
38 + 4 = 42 38 + 12 = 50
42 ÷ 2 = 21 50 ÷ 5 = 10

The score of Lexie in Calculus is 21.

7. Jana sleeps at 8:40 pm; Jona takes 20 minutes to finish her dinner and answered her
assignment for 30 minutes. What time did she start eating dinner?

Jona sleeps 8:40 pm

Finished her dinner 20 minutes
Answered her assignment 30 minutes

Solution:

8:40 pm 8:20pm
- 20 minutes - 30 minutes

8:20 pm 7:50 pm

Jona started eating her dinner at 7:50 pm.

8. Nikka paid Php 750 for her grocery bill, Php 450 for her lunch and bought 5 pcs of
doughnut for Php 35 each. She has Php 500 left. How much was Nikka’s total money?

Solution:
Php 500 money left
Php 450 lunch
35 x 5 = Php 175 (doughnut)
Php 750 Grocery bill

Solution: Check:
500 1875 (total)
+ 175 - 750 (grocery bill)
450 1125
750 - 450 (lunch)
1,875 675
175 (doughnut)
500 (money left)

The total money of Nikka was Php 1,875.

9. Ann likes burger. She ate twice as many burger as Rose. Rose likes burger and she ate
half the number of burger as Joy. Joy ate 4 burger. How many burger did Ann eat?

Solution:
Joy 4
Rose 2
Ann 4

4 – 2 (half) = burger ate by Rose

2 x 2 (twice) = 4 burger ate by Ann

Ann ate 4 burger.

10. Micah bought a box of pizza yesterday. She ate ½ then John also ate ¼ of the pizza if the
pizza had 8 slices. How many slices are left from an 8 slices?

8
Micah ½x8= =4
2
4 slices by Micah
 8
John ¼x8== =2
4
2 slices ate by John

4+2=6 total of Micah and John

Slices 8 – 6 = 2 slice left

There are 2 slices of pizza left from an 8 slices pizza.

Listing

1. Louie making his exercise every morning on the first day. He exercises for 20 minutes on
the first day, second day he exercises for as 25 minutes. He wants to increase his exercise
time by 5 minutes to meet his goal. If he continues to exercise every morning for the
whole week. What will be his total exercise time on every morning?

Days Exercise time

1 20 mins
2 25 mins
3 30 mins
4 35 mins
5 40 mins
6 45 mins
7 50 mins

On Sunday, the total exercise time of Louie is 50 mins by using the pattern of adding 5
mins a day.

2. Nico started on his new work by making souvenir anklet. On the first day, he made 4
anklets for 3 hrs, on the second day he made 8 anklets for 6 hrs. How many anklet he can
make for 12 hrs?

Anklet Hours

4 3
8 6
12 9
16 12

Nico can do 16 anklet for 12 hrs by using a pattern by adding 3hrs every 4 anklet.

3. Mark always buys chocolates because this is his favorite food. On Monday, he bought 2
bars, on Tuesday he bought 4, and 8 on Wednesday. How many bars of chocolates will
Mark buy on Friday?

Chocolate Day
2 Monday
 4 Tuesday
8 Wednesday
16 Thursday
32 Friday

Mark will buy 32 bars of chocolates on Friday. The pattern used is multiplying by 2.

4. Jonas wants to give a Christmas gift to his five siblings. He gave Php 10,000 to his first
sibling, Php 5,000 to the second, and Php 2,500 to the third. How much money will Jonas
give to his fifth sibling?

Siblings Amount
1st Php 10,000
2nd Php 5,000
3rd Php 2,500
4th Php 1,250
5th Php 625

Jonas will give his fifth sibling an amount of Php 625. The pattern used is dividing by 2.

5. Ryan is planning to build his dream house. He started it by buying hollow blocks. He
started to buy 50 pcs hollow blocks on Monday, 250 pcs on Tuesday and 450 pcs on
Wednesday. How many pieces of hollow blocks will Ryan buy on Sunday?

Hollowblocks Day
50 Monday
250 Tuesday
450 Wednesday
650 Thursday
850 Friday
1050 Saturday
1250 Sunday

Ryan will buy 1,250 pcs of hollow blocks on Sunday. The pattern used is adding 200
every day.

6. Janna is going to upgrade his phone to Iphone 14 pro max and it costs 75,000. She wants
to save money from her salary. On the first month, she saved Php 5000, on the second
month she saved Php 10000, and Php 15000 on the third month. How much money does
Janna needs to save on the fifth month to complete the amount she needed?

Month Amount
1st Php 5,000
 2nd Php 10,000
3rd Php 15,000
4th Php 20,000
5th Php 25,000

Janna still needs an amount of Php 45,000 to complete the amount she needed. The
pattern used is adding 5000 to the previous month.

7. Justin wants to distribute his youth volunteers to the 6 chapels of their parish. He deploys
1 youth volunteer to the first chapel, 4 in the second, and 7 to the third chapel. How many
youth volunteers will Justin deploy on the sixth chapel?

Chapel Youth
1st 1
2nd 4
3rd 7
4th 10
5th 13
6th 16

Justin will deploy 16 youth volunteers on the 6th chapel. The patter used is adding 3 on
the previous number of youth volunteer.

8. Jessica is a newly hired nurse at UST Hospital. On her first day, she was only on duty for
three hours. On the next day, the hospital needs more nurse, so Jessica needs to work for
2 more hours, she needs to duty for 5hrs. On the third day, there was an accident in which
the students were food poisoned, hence Jessica needs to work for 7 hrs. How many hours
does Jessica spent at the hospital if she worked for 5 consecutive days?

Days Hours Therefore, Jessica spent 35 hrs at the

1 3 hrs hospital in 5 consecutive days.
2 5 hrs
3 7 hrs
4 9 hrs
5 11 hrs
9. A construction firm will be penalized each day of delay in construction for bridge. The
penalty will be Php 4000 for the first day and will increase by Php 1000 for each
following day. Based on its budget, the company can afford to pay a maximum of Php
16500 toward penalty. Find the maximum number of days by which the completion of
work can be delayed.

Solution:
 Day Amount
1st 4000
2nd 5000
3rd 6000
… …

Sn  =  165000

(n/2)[2a +(n - 1)d]  =  165000

Substitute a  =  4000 and d  =  1000.

(n/2)[2(4000) + (n  -1)1000]  =  165000

(n/2)[8000 + (n - 1)1000]  =  165000

(n/2)[8000 + 1000n - 1000]  =  165000

(n/2)[7000 + 1000n]  =  165000

n[7000 + 1000n]  =  165000 x 2

7000n + 1000n2  =  330000

Divide each side by 1000. 

7n + n2  =  330

n2 + 7n - 330  =  0

(n - 15)(n + 22)  =  0

n  =  15, -22

10. If a clock strikes once at 1'o clock, twice at 2'o clock and so on. How many times will it
strike a day?

Solution:

1, 2, 3, ..............................12
 =  2 x (n/2)[a + l]

Substitute n  =  12, a  =  1 and l  =  12. 

=  2 x (12/2)[1 + 12]

=  12[13]

  =  156

Therefore the clock will strike 156 times in a day.