Spell Checking - Paper

You might also like

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 8

.

  +,-)  *  )    %& '( "#$ 


  
! "#$            

11th International CSI Computer Conference (CSICC’2006), School of Computer Science, IPM, Jan. 24-26, 2006, Tehran, Iran.

   


 

        

'
() %# & $  ! "#  

! *+$ ,- . !


/
QasemiZadeh@DigitalClone.net

g" 2 f( 5!4 (e. !- >d 1F  !  I(+N !Q1
2
  50 627 2
3!2  240 12)( 3  : 
( 5!4 . 0 1
1F  !    1
1 " -"  " ,=2 1 , 
 !+  ;<
67 ., - 19 8
.X) 28 2>12-  h 87 5!4 (a:, 1!E 0 
!= 0 A?2.67 @2# 3+ >   
!  50
,2 F 827 %2C) I2) 1
1/ 5!4 1
 P  0C8 1 (... . . 2E  %!7 C80 D 1
8 
  1 , B(+-
2 C2 0 50 2
 12)!( T J# 0 , !H W( K I2 , F J #H EG/ 
F -0 1)( 3 
>2d !N2/ %!271
+;
>5!4 3 8 
  . !-  L0 .,2 2- 129 8 
  > 50 K? 67 I4;
j !2 12 " O;2 "  " 2Eg"  i (+- 5!4 (e .!-  2/0 0 2> >
 O 
MN
I
 E  1
  ;/
 2 2T 0 2- 50 12)!( 2T J# 50  P !  . 2E 2 %!7 C80 RQ  50 A? P  1 ,
!N/ %!71
&> 0 !;/ %!71
&> >5!4 3 .  >1
2CF !$+N2F 1SN2 12
!T) IH 1SN .  ;/ L0
.!-  >d .,2 2- I2# 21 !$+NF ,= 0 
-,>
P 2 0 ( 5!4 D k/  0 W/ 1
( >5!4 1 $P  2 2 .3! U<+ I- K? 67  !F! I4;
 2 18m 8 1
.!E  l0  P 1
.!-  0C8 O 12F  .,2 2
 2> 50 0 2
P *2 !2H 0 3!
2 50 W2/  20 32 2E .!E C80 1/ 5!4 1
0 1F! P 
3! 0 W 
+# . 87 IH  1 V4;
\o
!N2/ P 12
E 2 50 k2/  2E 0 .n!;/ P 1
E *2 2C> 2!  1 !    !  &+N>
p!2 0 12
 P !2  1 , ( 5!4 0 3

.!E 32  . 2
X2 YC2
!$+N2F 8 0 . +=!4 X .!-
.  &N( (+- 0 K? . !- 19 %V4; 3 I 
-0 , -  W>0Z/
. 2E %!27 (+2- 0 K?2 20 32
2 1N( E . 2#Q 2
 L 2/ . 28 2> 50 67 :  
2K 2
 50 0  !2H W( K? 0 1  &>!= W 
.E50 .!T) IH
\\
2
 1)!( CE> 0   L / !H ,=   W(
32 1
,  K? 0 
 .>  T  1/ 5!4
#$%$ "!
0 0 212
2! 2 > 50  1)!( D  1> 
1 X! K
+4 ! >0  != 1F 0 , 1F .
 0 & 
0 1+2-  50 W( (+- >0  . r/  q+ +
2
2> 50 3+N2; &2>   ., - I4;  X \ 50 1
T  1/ 5!4 
 1)!( Js (+- 0 .   F 50
C2F  50 . !2-  1+= 1F 0 01F .
 !H 1
1F!
2 12> 
 ,  (+- >0 
 .> 
. 50 += 
1
., - I4; ]5!4 X 1
+4 !
2
  20 3+4 ! 1 5!4 .!E ( 50 ,=) ^67
5
Bound Morpheme 12 ",2= "  b P 5!4(a : !-  &N( 1+ 0 1
,
6
Inflectional Morpheme
7
Derivational Morpheme
8 1
Affix Word
9 2
Prefix Morpheme
10 3
Suffix Morphology
11 4
Part of Speech (POS) Free Morpheme
> 4/ 3 1K+ . !-  L!P , - „<; P J2 12
K? >0  . 0  1
> 50  1)!( D
., ; ;+ 8 
  ! K+ 
20 
2 N2
."2 3>
., (+- >0  +
L!2P 2
2+# f 2us !2T) OH &+N D [‚]  2 I2H 2t 12u(  ., 
N
(+- 0  K?
 &(+N2 ,2-O D2 L0 3  ., - 19 h 1t8 20 j !2 . K?2 20 2
1N2(  (+- >0 3+8E
  827 %2VQ 12 02K+ >1 1
3+ D  60 2 50,=2 12 3+0  0 , +4 C 1/ 1
(+-
 W2/ C2 &+N2 32 .,2 2- A2 . ! C != 2 50,=2 12 3+0
 K? 0 1 ) . E 
2
&+N2 32 ,2((  . !2-  L!2P ,  K+ >20  2
28 2
  1 ! 1F! 
 . E 
> JN 
0 
1(#Q   P . 50 D  >
 „<; 0 K?2 20 .2E 2 2 (+2- >0  I# K?
.  20  .,=2-
&>   M
0 vH)  !   (+-
!2T) I2H I4; I 
E50 
+# L0 D [ae]   I27 F 5!4  0 1/ 5!4   1u
 K?
2=… 2
02s 62E D2  1)( 3  ., - 19 ?2<; 3!2  0 , 
W/ I
 V j  1/ 1
0 WC8
1 , - K+ 50 ,= %VQ > 1
E50 %VQ 0 1/ 5!4  1u
 (+- 0  1 ) w   ,#
. E  %!7 6E 3  !$+NF #4 RQ  M(8 L / 2
W2/ I2
s 9C820  2P ,2
2F 5!4 
!212
,2 2- X$  3 * 1
 8 
 
.[a],
,2) 32- 
+#  D  [az]  .[az] 0 [~] *q 
1+ 1/ 1
,#N ;E IH 1
1F! 
 >0 E
2P .,2 2- K+2 !T) E IH D 19 , F >+ X .\2! 0 !N/ .!;/ :,- &>!= 0 1+ 1 .&
I2H 
Hu 0 !T) OH &+N D .[~]  +m  24 .[e][a] 2 !2F0 2! 28  1 , r 1

2
Perslex *2 .,2 ! 19 8 
 (+- 0 87 1N2!&2> . !2 1F! P 1

1 8 
  &  %V4;
2 32 1
;2 ., - 19 [a{] Englex *  X )  1 w, (+- >0 
K? >0  >0E  !

D2 129 


Xerox finite state >C
 D 1
0 [a|] 02
0 X2
 2
. >20 32 WC28  I7 > 50 IH
., - K+ 8 
 
!T) OH &+N . (+2- 20 "g" 2
1N2(  4 1; "g"  &+N>
„<;2 0 50 827 2> 2EZ0 I2H .!T) OH 6> 50,=2 2
. 2E 2 2 @2H
!2 1)( 3  1GP
2
.,2 P !2H W( 1u0 1
P  1+8E %!7 %T ., K? ( >0 WC8  I7 > 50
i

 >1)!(  F 
1+ D +
 .6> 3 1
 2#Q 2
 L /   I9N  4 !T) IH 1SN
0 2
1+2 3 1
1F! 
k† ., - 19 8 
  L 2/ 2>&+N .  >
 q 
0 .-

2F L0 D2 .2E50 2
, F J -0  K+ .& #H 
.
 > 50  J W-!/ .  !F0 !T)
., - 19 > 50 87 IH 
 I9N2 32+   82 , 3G> 0 
L / ,
12   . !-   ‡- 8  
 >1)!( .e W<
 L / 
 + >L0 ., !T) >O- / Q
 - !T) IH 
P 1u
 0 += .E50 1
z W<
 0 2Q . 2- X2$ 2> +;2
.,2 2-  ;2/ !T)
0P !2T) 2OH Q    ;/ L0 { W<
 .. !- !22
2 >22+ ,22) 322- 22
22+# !22T) 22>OH
} W2<
. !-   ‡- | W<
 &+N += ., - 2
+#  0 P >L0 P 
0V .[~][}] [|][{][z],
^
 ;2/ 0 2
‰F 1
 +  0 , P , 1
ˆ+ O
€
  1; >&+N Q  K+ 
C 3- E 
. !-  1+= / P > 
.[aa][aƒ][‚][], - 19  !=
6!2 2K< * 
+# 
  I(+N  D [] 
 )*+ , (  #'%$ "& 2>2
 2
&+N2 32 .,2 - 19 !T) OH 

 2
 2>1)!( 0 
- X$ > 
1+  !Q1
 W2/ B!28 &+N2 .,2 - WP NO 0 /5 . 
.3!2 L0 0 +2 L0 . !-  &N( 1+ 0 1
8 
 2> 50 2
 1)!( 1 
 b 4/ 0 
 ,  K+
 .,2 !+ 
 ,=  > E 1/ 
+ L0
1
Infix
5 2
Non Deterministic Finite State Automata
6 3
Memory Based Learning Stemmer
7 4
Part of Speech (POS) Corpus
(+- 5!4 • - 
&N( 0E ,K> 1
8 XV CF .
1+ 3
K? >5!4 • !+2  > E 1/ 
+ L0 1 $P  .[\h],
‰F >1; g\ I2H 12
+;2
0 1+- 14 !H 0 67 1u
 1
 .,
,K7 > 50 

>1; g] - 19 >1+ [\l][\i]  /  !H M
0  I(+N 50
 > 50 

1; g^ :[\h] # + L0 
 m >1; gb 2-
12F(1) N)   V
j (+N 0 (+N !  :& •
)!K ,K7 >1; gf 12
!2 K  0 C  !  ?<-  
P0
8 3;/ ΠCF gh . 0  
8 >1- gi 2> O!2O  2O 24  - 0 ( 0 ,) :,K7 •
( m >,N
/ gl .   &
,N
50 • 12
!=   .  *T-   OF 1F  :I8 •
K70 0 18m N g\ 0 >     1
  1  !-     
 !
>%!7 g] ,2) X! K  1
Js > 1+N
0 D 1
   1

4  g^ .  ,) .b .^ -.] „<-.\ : 


I?+ m g{ 2 ,K27 20 I28 X! K 1
! K 1 >0E  1 : •
= :  A
 ) g| .C8  O ? 0   N
28  2
 2>1)!(  R 
0E D 
1+ 3
.;  & F 1
j ! 1  1 :m •
2
82 2#+ 0 L 28 !2 
  w>  19
 •
.,22 28 2
  2> 50 +22-! %!27 12 I2H
%!7 •
2
2- 129 
1+ O!O 1  ( 3 
EO
.>  ;  O > 50 !+ W( :60 •
- Q >&+!O) 0 
!  j (+N 
 >1)!(
+2 
1+ 13 *0 .   I4; 0 
1+ 3
!2 
 W  +N !  O # 1
.-
rEŽ
3!2 2>L0 D 1

 !H IH , F  8 %VQ
12 2(u M
0 0 >
1+ D 
 
 IH , F 
!2F0 X .
1+ 3 X0 I4; . 0P  &>8 - 

12
1F! 
.  19 m %!71
., 
>1+ 3 
28 2
  XV2 C2F  2=

Š= >0E 0 1+
%2
$ 0 12+8E%!27 %2)u 1
1F! 
0 - 1+KE 1 1GP
%  X2 2
+2 -
  1 , C > 3 .,
2
1+2 .12)0 2>1<N2  / 0 Q  -JN
 0P &>28 J#2 2
1+2 32 !F0  . !-  1+=-
2
1+2 .,2 2- A2 2
 2>12)!( 2
F
I2H I N2 ,2 F  24 0 !2
>!<  0C8 %VQ
 2-129 2
1+ 1#- N
. 0H  ! CF . -19
. 0P  &>8 
 1
., +;E L0
2 2
 2> 12)!(  F A -
 3!  -0
0   28 2> 50 2
 2>1)!( .  ;/ 
1+
12
12F! 2
.[eƒ][a‚] 2  129 8 
  XV CF
.2> 2 2 1+N2
2
 >1)!( 0 

 >1)!( 1+
 2F 2
1+2 []o]. +2 
1+  !F! „!
 *!Q  0 >  I4;  
, 8 .

 >1)!(
3  .,  19 3! - 
 1
1F! 

 >1)!(
2O 62Q  . !2- 182m 2 P 12
 0 1+  P  , 34
 !2H 0 827 . 2 > EZ0 1/ 
>5!4 
1+
2 1 >  I4;  1+N
, 8 .1+N

 >1)!(
!212
5!24 2
1+2 32  .2E 2 F 1+ 
12u
 2 0 W(   ; 
  0 , „<; 0 0H  P
2
 2>1)!( 
1+ . !-  

 0 3+4 !
12#F 2 P  K+ O %# 1
. 0  1
7= !+
: ,N# 1t 3 
R
u 8 > 50
 +2 A2   / .1+8E%!7 
1+  .  ;(
!  E50 5!4 •
1+2-O   .1 IH  P I) 1
. 8 67
 gb ,K7 g^ & g] I8 1‹/ g\
 W2 ] 0 \ > *0F  F 
1+ 3 ., -
;(  !+ > 50 g]
., -
m g^ M
 6 g] 18m 6 g^
32 .!2- 2 &N2( +4 !2 2>1+ 1
!= 0E 0 3
W2 0 .(2+KE   2/ 2 0 X!2 K 
 )]  W  P 2OF 0 50 *02+ W2( 0 !2H 1
1F! 
>
1+
2
 ) bXV2 I2H 0 (
 > 50 
 IH 
 )^ 
 !2H 2> 02E  3N2/ 0 3;2/ 2>1+N2
0 0 > 0E 
> . !-  
&N( .( 
 ,8
1
1F! 
%Q# 0 &>K 4- 1
B!8 
1+ 14 
0V ., 1+8E %!7 A+<
K+2 2
2>12  2- $ W2  .2>1 3  D .2-
1+- !F0 > 0E 3
(u M
0 1 , 1+8E %!7
.  M
 2
0 32 . !2- 2  m! 
,N  (u M
0 3
2
 L 2/  1 , E50 W %VQ 1!$ fE50 2
.2>  I4;  87 IH !!  " . >0Eg
.,2 1+N
0 
 > 50 1
W 3 . E   K+ ! ,2 2-  . /0 0 > >
 O  Hu 1)u
. 0P 2 &>28  1 -
  1/ 0 1)0 W E50 2O %02K .  !2F0 2>2
 32 2q 2
M2
0 3 1
2
1+2 12
1F! 
.E50  1!$ W>0Z/ 3 X$  A2+< K?2 >0 1!$ E . - 19 
1+
., - 1  .e W<
 - 19 28 
 !  Š!?= 1
 3 ., %!K+ > 0E 
h
 2O/ D2 I2- u2 33/  - Q E50  P 12
!2
 12/  2F 2( >20  4 P 1
2F Š2= !2 D2  
 > 50  D > 1 ,  ,2 WC28 0 827 I2H  ,)!  J# . !- >d 1+-!
50  !2 182m I2-  2O/ 32 >W . 1+8E .- >!=
2
.,2 Š2= 50 D2 ‡V27 0 50 6r .E50 1
F 2>12)!( 02E  ->d 
 >1)!( .!H IH 
- K+ L – 1??= += D  
 > 50 
, F W 1/ 7 !1
 P > EZ0 >1



0 ,2 != ,V 
 1)!( D 
50 > L0 3  ., >1)!( > EZ0 1!$ . !-  K+ > 50 !H IH
1 i1N!&> > 50 .   != Š= > EZ0 
 1)!( > 0 !-  &>8 1+N
0 

 >1)!( J O!O  

2 2 0 2
 2>1)!(  !-  LO %!7 D 1
. !-  
\Lg1??= U0 I4- 1

2=…  2O/  12EF %!?


D > 0 -
 %0K+
+= 0 1+8E %!7 
1+ - 1+KE 1 !Q> . - +* *+  #'%$ ". -
;2 2P &>28 J#2 XV2 C2F >  
 >1)!( I8 p 3
m 3

!2T) IH 


W 3  1 , - E50 0 
m   ,K7
. !-  K+ „=- m &
,=  +=  .  ;/ &+N  E50 

18m 60 M
 60 1F 1#-
212 !$+N2F ,2= ., - K+ 1 !$+NF
,2=   +=2 .,2 2- 28 [ea]  2
3)0 #01* *+ #'%$ "/ -
 ’+; 1)0 >1+- 1 ,  1!E 1
1 !$+NF ‰F >1; 8 3;/ CF  

1;
P 12$+ 1 !2- 2 2=… 2
D   . !- =… >  4 ,V  I8 1; 8 >1-
L0 32  ., + >  
 J  ;8 ,N
50  ,K7 >1;
 2E 12 1
E > . !-  =… 6 D .,=  E >   A)
8m 1N(
 
6 1
“ , E - .  - , 0 M0 .“ m 1;  >1;
.2  - +EC
 
6 1
, , E - 0 +4 ! : 
0 ( #
.2 2 2-  00 1+2-  2
+2 12
M0 E -
W2/ J# ., 0 “ , > E M! ,= W/
)( "2
P 50 12)!( . 50 2> 2 + E  . !-   00 1+- 
12+8E 2t  2
 2

0K+ >1 -
 
2
.,2 - =… L – 1??= ,N) > 1
1
3 1
1F! 
. 0   1

 L /  1 ; ., -
 50 2$> ,=2 2
 ;2 ) F0 W : # 1
2
Semantic
3 .(2
  50,=2 !2 ) (5!+=2) 627 W . (

Pragmatic
4
Discourse .(2
 P 2> 50 12/ 2

 1F ,= 
 ) !H W
5
Lexicon
6
Database
7 1
Homograph Attribute-Value pairs
129 2
1+2 0 21 !$+NF ,=  E50 
 ! >C
 P&>8 J#  += 3 M! E50
2 K+2 !2T) I2H X$ , F 
 > 1)!( 
- ,2 F 1+2- !$+NF  
, 3G> 0 \ CF !$+NF
W2/ 2
 2 C2
 21 !$+NF ,= . . !-  1+- W/
32  2-  ;2/ L0 .2> 2 2 
 +=  1+-
,2> 
D ! W O/ D 0 CF !$+NF  W>0Z/ =' <:; 89 , ,
675 4 "3
 ;/ L0 . !-  K+ !T) L / , F .!$+NF N 12!$ 0 50 2
 12)!(  !2 „<; !T) IH  6>
%2# 12
.,2 !Hg  -0 . # >L0 I
(  . - W2 2 62> 32 12

+ ., P 87 > EZ0
0 2
2- ,2> W2/ 1SN2 1
50 !T) L / O D2 12
j 2! W 3 .-
 
 67 0H  0
., - I#  1 !$+NF ,= W 0   / ! 3! I4- 1
1 ]10 W N4
2$  .2
 602  1+2- D !T) OH &+N  00 12F! 
.P  &>8 . !-  19 E50 J)s  1 ^ H;
 .&+N2  2- 0 602 1+2- 1 !7 ., . 8 F >L0 . 
 W 19  10 W >, 0H 1

32 
-
- =… E50  P 1; 0 !
  
 I42- 12
12 H; W   +NE K+ ! 1
O>
.2-
12+8 2T A
? I) 1
- =… 50 I4- 1 %0K  B!2 .2 2 2/ !2 YC2
N
> 4/ 0 E50
p!2 0 !2 2>!= L /   00 60 1+- . !T) OH . -
.  „<;  P 
M# 87 > EZ0 0 50 >%!7 1 $P  ., #  K? 67 
!T) IH
12$+ 32 1
. 8 
 > 50 0 
1+8E %!7 

P 2=… 24 1$+  .,  0 p!+ N
50 > 87
J D  
 > 1)!(  CF  D > OF 1 & .,2- >!< *# 1
 X  0 ,N r/4 E50 
.,2 ,2
Ž .2> 2  2F 2- 67 50 D I4; 1 !2
b ! > 
  K? 67 
& 3! 1+<#-!=
>  .,8E t  %0K+ OF 3 50 D  k/ !  627 50 D2 I2H 2
.  !Q1
., r/q+ + 0
0V2 . E  !  7= >0   .> OF 3  D *2 2
 2> 50 2
)!2+ !Q1
1 3! N4  . -
 12 E50 >1)!( 3
>0E 0 M
0 N4 13 
p! 0 J 1 , P L0 3 *4- . E  K+ . !- 
.  !F0 !-  >d J D 0 *2 .  ,2> 2> 50 I2H 
- €<+ 3! *
. 0P 2 &>28  2CF !$+N2F 4 1 ,= += 2 ,) 3+
 J# #+- J +  0 3! , 
-
- 8 0,1,01,10 > 50 E50  E *q !1
.32 2
0V . !-  P IH 0 50 „<;  &+N !
2)!   ˆ+ !+ 0110 1+- >;  k/ &+N OP . P * , F J J  ! „<; 0 3! 0P ‰F
2
. 10 , 01 0 01 , 1 , 0 0 0 , 1 , 10 0 0 , 1 , 1 , 0 : +2 2>L0  ., 08 u= 
> 0 , / 
2
 00 1+2- *!2Q WC28 0 2
 > 50  -  P 0 2
3!2 12 1   / 1
50 D IH 
%2-1
L /  0 &+N %  ;/  . CF !$+NF 2 3+8 > J#  3 !  N
 .-
- *
!$+N2F 28 D2 2
&+N2 .O %# 1
.
  WC8 J# !  
 , 34 + 0 !-  - / ‰
 0
2 D   -19 %  ;/   . !-  1F! YC
N
!2  . 2E  2$ 3!2 !2F0 I) 1
&+N /
!$+NF 8 WC8 ., t ! 0 *!# !  P  !  12
2 0 €!F D   IH 3+8 / - 1 !7 .O
,2   0 #+2- 2>€!2F 129 .!$+N2F  WC8 J#  %2VQ  +N2 ,2 34 .-
€!F 3)0 O %#
3!2  !$+N2F 28 W>2 
. !-  &+N P D2 1N2!&> > 50  !  N
 1 0
,
,2 F 2> D2 !212
3! 3 . !-  K+ f ! - %# 1
.-
87 s 0 87 I4- 3  !  50
  ;/ &+N  . !-  K+ !$+NF 8   0H  12 2!H 12m8 2>L0 !2 
+# >L0 .O
3!2 !t 3 
. !-  X$ 67 3! 101
 3 .  K+ IH , F 3/ 1

>L0
.12 3 YC
I4; .-
‰ 0 ‰F +N
   ;/ !2H  .!2T) 2EI2H 2
2-  ;/ L0  0 $ 
.,2 P  !2
‰ 0 ‰F  Q *!? 0 3! 0P‰F
C 1
Ž &+N P 0 
.P * 0 3! 19 !H 1
Partial Match
2- 19 k 0 M! 3! 3 .  ;/ &+N  .  2
Procedural Knowledge
3
Declarative Knowledge
5 4
Heuristic General
> 3 . 0P I8  I#  1- !  OG> *q !1
0 32 .,2 2- C2 2 P  E 2 1

 87 3! 1
J2 D2 12
.!2 2
+# >&+N  1 , C X ] # , 0H 0 \18Q0 , 0H >k .k
3   ;/ &+N  .,8E   1F! ! 3! * W2  k 0 3  +N { 0 z - *0F . 1+8E
$  ., - * # , 0H k  ! .> 
2- r2EX 
 >1)!( 
k >!+ 0 >u C
12 >  ; 
 1)!( U0 > 
d+ !+ 0 u ., #9, ,:$ @;$ + 0 1? "> -
12
!2
 
 1)!(  k/ !  u D 
d+ 1)!( P $AB 75 D #6
 
.=  
!+ D C E E
F 1 0 0 1
G 1 0 0 1
 ,B 1 0 0 1
D $ 1 0 0 1
HI 1 0 0 1
 J 1 0 0 0

1 D +=  
 1)!( D !F0 .- 1+KE 1 !u>
2O 
 > 1)!( ! 
, 0H D  !-  J#
28 12- 2#  12 !27 *q !1
.
!F!

J2 P  24 "" !2 24 2EP 2-


1+- !F0
1;2 ! . NO 
 
O )q .k4)
0 !
>!<
1;2 !2  ‰2 12 ,2 I28 D  +  "-ed" 1+-rE
128Q0 , 02H k . !-  J P  "-ing" +

k 3 >!+ 0 >u .>  W  ,0 3>
U0 2> 2
d+ !+ 0 u . - rEX 
 >1)!(
 O4 
!  1)!( 0 3 P 1 >  ; 
 1)!(
.=  -
1+- !F0 J D

#9 , ,:$ @;$ + 0 1? "3 -


,
675 F0<' P(, Q* "! O $AB #6 #7
 
C E B,
2 &+N2 0 1+2- D2 14O> .,  N
 L0 C $AB 0 0 0 1
 2- 1+= 1 !$+NF ,= 0 
 00 1+- . !- K;; ,B 1 0 0 1
. 9CF W/ 3  E> . !-  W/ 9CF I4- 1
E50 E #6 0 0 1 0
 . !2- 2t &+N2 E50 > 50  4 
50  ,N D  1 0 0 0
2/ 29CF > 1+- 1(
1
0 !-  6r  00 1+- (
  L' 0 0 0 0
12
9CF 1+- - 18m  W/ X >  .!-  18m - MN$ * 0 1 1 0
, 0H 0 18Q0 , 0H  N  . 9CF > 1+- 1(
J$ * 0 1 1 0
%!27  . !2- 2 K+2 ” X  Q 
#
2 !2- 2 !$+NF E50  1+- (
 
” !F0 X
.,2 &2  2 50  J2 C2F  D2 > ! d J
1F! •!/ 1+- D 
 0 
 00 1+-  + 1
1 O>
M22! ,22= W22/ 224 .”22 !22F0 %!227  . !22- 1
Mutual restriction
2
Order Restriction
2O N2 !2F0 X2 %!27  . !-  D O >N
;   V108 * O8 U0 "T - 1+2-  D> 1 , 
. r/  /  .W/ , F
 7 +;2/ 1 !u> . - „<; 
 1)!( D 
CF >
HW7;  E50  !F! j  80253 85 0 128Q 0 , 02H  N2 0 2> 12)!( 32  .2- 1+KE
 ,, - 67 11330 12 2 K+2 ”2 !F0 X  Q 
# , 0H
HW7;   87s I4- 
2002 0.022 ,2= W/ 1SN 1
87 IH 1SN .O %# 1
. !-
7 ,, -67 830 0.008 2 a I42-  &+!O) XE ’!
., - I#  1
(4 > 50 €N+ 
) > 50 I  94415 . !- 
,2((  0 !2-   / +;E
%!7 1
&+!O) 3
;   V108 )* O8 U0 "S - D2 2
0 2$ !2=8 X2O>  827 3!2   D
 7  12! 2 I42- . 2E 2 %!27 2- 12#  N
HW7;  E50  !F! j  6502 0.73 W  "-  " 0 "; !" 50 0 
&+N F0=
 ,, -67 1756 0.19 .> 
HW7;  87s I4- 
596 0.07
7 ,, - 67 204 0.03
(4 > 50 €N+ 0
) > 50 I  8854

€N2+ 2
2- 0 > 50 „<;  &+N W-!/ C
 24 2> 50 €N2+ 02
0 .%‚~ 

4 > 50
., !
%‚z 0
zƒ .24 2> 50 €N2+ 
. ;  „<; > 50   ")7,"  , * F01  I #  "> O
827 I4- ;  „<; 50 ! eze  > 50  ! "),+$"
50 ƒƒ  !2 eƒ{ .24 > 50 €N+ 0
. 1+-
D2 a 2- *!28 .2 1+2- 87 I4- . ;  „<;  B *+ "S
.>  W &+N ,
 
 1u
 {/a/e‚ –  3VP B- 10 0 
-  ;/ &+N
\
 
2 50 ‚{{a| 
I+; WP ! 4/ .- WP
/ 4/  - 67 > 50  = F01 ?, 50 eeƒƒƒ 2
I+; E50 D  WP 3 X$ 
.,
(a)*!8
&+N M! -  „<; - 67 > 50  !2F0 2E50  j 2 24/ 2> 50 ! %|  .- K+
%z    0 -  „<; !T) L /  > 50 %ae .,-
2

24 2> 50 €N2+ 2
&+N , 1u
 3 R
u | 2- *02F . !2#  00 50 „<;2 1
  &+N !

2 %‚ 2

4 > 50 €N+ X %!7  0 .%‚z 24 2> 50 3+8E t  
 WP 1$+ 17V= !Q1

2> 50 1;2  !2 182m 2


2+ 12
, WC8 . !-  24/ 32  - K+ > 50 .O !  .>  W
., r/4 ;  „<;  > 50  50 |‚|ƒ ., ]  50 ‚ƒ| 
I+;
(
2  50 ez‚ !2T) 2E IH .,- !F0 E50  j 
6Z   6*C "Y  2O 
50 ~a‚ 0  „<;   > 50 
1
8 
 > 50 !T) IH , F 3! -0 1)( 3  2E50  j 2 50 !2 %~a  .2O %# 1
.  „<;
W2/ &+!2O) 0 2E50 2
L0 2 O>> D  „<;2 !2T) 2OH M! > 50 %a‚ ., !
!F!

$  ., - 19 +=  +=  K+ 
1+- *0F ., ;  „<; - 0 50 . ! %  0 -
1 k 0 J)s  -19 D ! W O/ D  K+ .>  W  ˆ+ 3 17V= } -
2
 2>12)!( ;> O!O 0 8 
 67 3! 
1
,2= 2 ) 0 2
W2/ ,> , F ., P , 1
Token
2
Type
:C $ 1SN2 12
!T) L / 1SN .O %# 1
., - K+
O;2>0Z/ .+\$ \ ,  ?%0 I [ #  [\] 2- I2# 1 !$+NF ,= 0 
-,> W/
.azƒ .  . O>8 %)u 0 N X! !2T) I2H 2
L0 3 P O I7 ˆ+ .,
;2 C2 .+$  )*+ , 15 ]%0 .0N= . ; [e] ., 8 
 > 50
.az~a .  . >O; L0  K+22 E 22 . 22- 1229 L0 %!22 22(  224
[3] Kuhn, J. Compounding and derivational morphology in a
finite-state setting, ACL, 2003.
2 P  12 ,2 2/0 0 2> >
 O 
  ;/
[4] Attia, M. A. Developing a robust Arabic morphological 32 2O ,2C . E  %!7 C80 RQ  > 50 A?
transducer using finite state technology, 8th Annual CLUK
Research Colloquium, Manchester, 2005. +=  !u
-
 P 19 0 W 0P‰F E  .L0
[5] Vaillette, N. Logical Specification of Finite-State 2
 827 W2 0P ‰2F 
 €!  D   ;/
Transductions for Natural Language Processing PhD Thesis,
Ohio University, 2004. 827 2>,) 1 19 .L /  
, .  19
[6] Radek, S. Pavel, S. Automatic processing of Czech L0 2> ,C O  1N!&> > 50 !  Š!?=1
50
inflectional and derivative morphology, FIMU-RS-2001-03,
2001. 2> 50 !2T) IH 
# >L0  ., -  ;/
[7] Riazati, D. Computational Analysis of Persian
Morphology, MS Thesis, Department of Computer Science,
827 12)!( "
50 > 
 
 3! j ! . 8
RMIT, 1997. 2> 50 2
87 IH J 3
0 !-  „<; 50 P
[8] Yamashita, T. Matsumoto, Y. Language independent
morphological analysis, In Proceedings of 6th Applied 2- 2
&N2( 28 s 0 8 > 50 IH 1+ 0 1

Natural Language Processing Conference, pp.232-238, 2000. %!27 2> 50  2->d 0 p! "
3! €<+ .,
[9] Bosch, A. Daelemans, W. , Memory-Based Morphological
Analysis, ACL , 1999. IH 
34 >%!7 O> &>!<
1 !7 0 E 
[10] Snover M. G. Brent, M. R. A probabilistic model for  2
212
 I2H I 1$+ .&-
1+-  50 D !T)
learning concatenative morphology, NIPS, 2002.
[11] Goldsmith J. A. Unsupervised learning of the 0 I2H 2 WC28 J#2 . P A+< J 0 3! O>
morphology of a natural language, Computational Linguistics
27:2 pp. 153-198, 2000.
&+N2 .*!2  2-0 6V2= 2
.,2 L / &$ WC8
[12] Sgarbas, K. N. Fakotakis, N. D. Kokkinakis, K. G. A .   1
p0- , F 1)0 %m8 1
   ;/
straightforward approach to morphological analysis and
synthesis, Proc. COMLEX , Greece, 2000. > 50 
K? 67 0H    1+8E %!7 W>0Z/
[13] Megerdoomian, K. Unification-Based Persian 19 €!   K+ 4 + 1
 , - X$ 8
Morphology, Proceedings of the CICling, Mexico, 2000.
[14] Evan A. L. PC-KIMMO: A Two-Level Processor for 2 , 8 ,) 3  .  !F0 C (+- 67 
-
Morphological Analysis, Occasional Publications in Academic k 1
. 8 
  (+- >0 1
!
 !+ 0 u
Computing No. 16. Dallas, TX: Summer Institute of
Linguistics, 1990. . !- 18m 18Q0 , 0H 0 # , 0H >
[15] Megerdoomian, K. Finite-State Morphological Analysis
of Persian, COLING, 2004. !F0 X .&- 1F! P 
 *!Q  1 &  %V4;  4
.(X0 W220 ) / \\ )*+0\\, .!22E 22 .!22 [a}] 2t  1 I4; 3 ., 8 40+4) !+ 
+
.aze .  . Q8 %;+ “2 !H  1 0 60 W 
- K+ >+ 
C2 .\ )\*+ , `$ G  F [3)V . 9#Q#Q [!Y] 50 20   >178& 0 > 50 0
  178 , 0
.aze .  . >O; ; 129 .,2 F 32  &2  N2
X D - . !=  &; 1

.\6 , (\, +  )*+ 0, .  2- .!> [a] 28 40+4) !+ 
O!O 
>>
! 
.aze .  .C ; .  . 9 1F .-
E8  + 19 0
0\, a\+  a\5 b 6)*+ .H .X(
[a‚]
&2t ,2 F 3- E  >L0  K+ . 1  

N2 X!2 J2+ 302 0 12)u 2 .(P, \) 7+


.,2 - 1+8E t  34 ˆ+ 
1# 4 0 >k
.azz .  .(,) >O;
.Š2= !2+  1N!&> > 50  !+
 3 
1 , 
.07( #b #5 *  )*+ 0, .  . )™4; [eƒ]
L+N2E .32G> . E %!7 X
 ‰8 !T) IH 
C>
.aze . ; 0 8 O; %;+
[21] Bentley J. L. Sedgewick, R. Fast algorithms for sorting
2
0V2 .,2 2t 2 
  +;
W-!/ , F E50 &$
and searching strings, Proceedings of the 8th Annual ACM- 2> 50 (+2- I2H ,2 F &+N2 L+N2E 0 MN
13
SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 1997.
.-
 P  t  >  4 . 8

You might also like