DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AN AUTOMATIC ICE CREAM MAKER

YLKIN VILLASOR ARESTO

JAN KRISTOFFER CADAVOS
MANES AIMEEAEL KHRISTYA
DAQUE SANCHEZ JOSHUA
SIMENE TANGARA

UNDERGRADUATE THESIS PROPOSAL SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY

OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE
OFENGINEERING, CENTRAL MINDANAOUNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL
FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DECEMBER 2022
 I. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Ice cream is a popular dessert consumed worldwide, with a global market

size of USD 62.7 billion in 2020 (Grand View Research, 2021). The demand for

ice cream has increased over the years, and manufacturers are constantly

looking for ways to improve their production processes to meet the growing

demand. One way to achieve this is through the use of automatic ice cream

makers.

An automatic ice cream maker is a machine that automates the process of

making ice cream, from mixing the ingredients to freezing and churning the

mixture into ice cream. Automatic ice cream makers have several advantages

over traditional methods of ice cream production, including increased production

efficiency, consistency in quality, and the ability to offer customization options to

consumers (Amadeo, 2020).

The traditional method of ice cream production involves manual labor,

which can be time-consuming and expensive. With the increasing demand for ice

cream, there is a need for a more efficient and cost-effective production method.

However, existing automatic ice cream makers in the market have certain

limitations, such as high energy consumption, limited production capacity, and

the inability to produce different flavors and textures of ice cream (Lai, Hsu, &

Yeh, 2013). Therefore, there is a need to design and fabricate an automatic ice
cream maker that can address these limitations and meet the growing demand

for high-quality ice cream. An automatic ice cream maker has the potential to

address these challenges and revolutionize the ice cream production industry.

The proposed study aims to design and fabricate an automatic ice cream

maker that can produce high-quality ice cream efficiently. The development of an

automatic ice cream maker requires the integration of various components such

as a compressor, condenser, motor, and mixing bowl into a single system. The

design of the machine will require a significant amount of research in areas such

as materials selection, design and fabrication techniques, and performance

evaluation.

The development of an automatic ice cream maker has numerous

advantages over the traditional method of ice cream production. Firstly, an

automatic ice cream maker can streamline the production process by automating

various stages, including mixing, freezing, and dispensing. This machine will

reduce the manual labor required in the traditional method of making ice cream,

enabling users to produce a large volume of ice cream within a short time. This

will lead to a significant reduction in labor costs and increase production

efficiency.

Secondly, an automatic ice cream maker can improve the quality of ice

cream produced. The traditional method of ice cream production involves a lot of

manual intervention, which can lead to inconsistencies in the quality of ice cream

produced. An automatic ice cream maker will ensure that the ice cream is
produced consistently, with the same quality and texture every time. This will

increase customer satisfaction and loyalty, which can lead to increased sales and

revenue.

Thirdly, an automatic ice cream maker can offer customization options,

allowing users to produce different flavors, textures, and consistencies of ice

cream to meet individual preferences. This can lead to increased customer

satisfaction and loyalty, which can translate into increased sales and revenue.

The proposed study will focus on the design and fabrication of an

automatic ice cream maker that can produce high-quality ice cream efficiently.

The study aims to investigate the different factors that can affect the performance

of the machine, such as the mixing speed. The study will also evaluate the

performance of the machine concerning production capacity, energy

consumption, and the quality of ice cream produced.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The ice cream production industry is facing various challenges, including

high labor costs; inconsistent quality of ice cream produced, and limited

customization options. The traditional method of ice cream production involves a

lot of manual intervention, which can lead to inconsistencies in the quality of ice

cream produced. This can lead to decreased customer satisfaction and loyalty,

which can negatively affect sales and revenue. Furthermore, the high labor costs

associated with the traditional method of ice cream production can reduce the
profitability of the industry.

The development of an automatic ice cream maker can address these

challenges by reducing the manual labor required in the production process,

ensuring consistent quality of ice cream produced, and offering customization

options to meet individual preferences. However, the design and fabrication of an

automatic ice cream maker require careful consideration of various factors,

including production capacity, energy consumption, and the quality of ice cream

produced.

Therefore, the problem addressed in this study is to design and fabricate

an automatic ice cream maker that can produce high-quality ice cream

consistently, with increased production efficiency and customization options. The

study aims to address the following research questions:

1. What are the factors that influence the design and fabrication of an

automatic ice cream maker?

2. How does the energy consumption of an automatic ice cream maker

compare to the traditional method of ice cream production?

3. How does the quality of ice cream produced by an automatic ice cream

maker compare to that of the traditional method of ice cream

production?

4. What customization options can be offered by an automatic ice cream

maker to meet individual preferences and increase customer

satisfaction and loyalty?

 1.3 Objectives of the study

The general objective of this study is to design and fabricate an automatic ice

cream maker that can address the challenges faced by the ice cream production

industry, leading to increased production efficiency, profitability, and customer

satisfaction.

To achieve the general objective, the study aims to accomplish the

following specific objectives:

1. To identify the design requirements and specifications of an automatic

ice cream maker, including the materials, components, and

subsystems required for its operation.

2. To evaluate the performance of the automatic ice cream maker in

terms of production capacity, energy consumption, and the quality of

ice cream produced.

3. To compare the performance of the automatic ice cream maker with

that of the traditional method of ice cream production, in terms of

production efficiency, quality, and customer satisfaction.

 1.4 Significance of the Study

The development of an automatic ice cream maker has significant

implications for the ice cream production industry. Firstly, an automatic ice cream

maker can reduce the manual labor required in the traditional method of ice

cream production, leading to a significant reduction in labor costs and increased

production efficiency. This can help ice cream manufacturers to produce a large

volume of high-quality ice cream within a short time, leading to increased sales

and revenue.

Secondly, an automatic ice cream maker can improve the quality of ice

cream produced. The traditional method of ice cream production involves a lot of

manual intervention, which can lead to inconsistencies in the quality of ice cream

produced. An automatic ice cream maker can ensure that the ice cream is

produced consistently, with the same quality and texture every time. This can

lead to increased customer satisfaction and loyalty, which can translate into

increased sales and revenue.

Thirdly, an automatic ice cream maker can offer customization options,

allowing users to produce different flavors, textures, and consistencies of ice

cream to meet individual preferences. This can lead to increased customer

satisfaction and loyalty, which can translate into increased sales and revenue.

The significance of this study lies in its potential to contribute to the

development of an automatic ice cream maker that can address the challenges

faced by the ice cream production industry. The study will provide insights into
the design and fabrication of an automatic ice cream maker and the different

factors that can affect its performance. The study will also evaluate the

performance of the machine in terms of production capacity, energy

consumption, and the quality of ice cream produced.

The findings of this study will be useful to ice cream manufacturers, researchers,

and policymakers. Ice cream manufacturers can use the design and fabrication

techniques developed in this study to develop their own automatic ice cream

makers, leading to increased production efficiency and quality. Researchers can

use the findings of this study to further investigate the development of automatic

ice cream makers and their potential impact on the ice cream production

industry. Policymakers can use the findings of this study to support the

development and adoption of automatic ice cream makers in the industry, leading

to increased competitiveness and sustainability

 1.5 Scope and Limitation

The scope of this study is to design and fabricate an automatic ice cream

maker that can produce high-quality ice cream consistently, with increased

production efficiency. The study will focus on identifying the design requirements

and specifications of an automatic ice cream maker, including the materials,

components, and subsystems required for its operation. The performance of the

automatic ice cream maker will be evaluated in terms of production capacity,

energy consumption, and the quality of ice cream produced. The study will also

compare the performance of the automatic ice cream maker with that of the

traditional method of ice cream production, in terms of production efficiency,

quality, and customer satisfaction.

However, the study has certain limitations. Firstly, it will not cover the

economic feasibility of the automatic ice cream maker, including the cost-benefit

analysis and return on investment. Secondly, the study will not cover the

optimization of the production process of the automatic ice cream maker,

including the identification of the optimal operating conditions and parameters.

Thirdly, the legal and regulatory aspects of the automatic ice cream maker, such

as safety regulations and intellectual property rights, will not be covered. Finally,

the study will not cover the environmental impact of the automatic ice cream

maker, including its carbon footprint and waste generation.

 II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

HISTORY OF ICE CREAM MAKER

Ice cream is a mixture of milk, cream, sugar, and sometimes other

ingredients that has been frozen into a soft, creamy delight using special

techniques (Moncel, 2023). Despite being a beloved pleasure for hundreds of

years, ice cream has only recently become typical due to the widespread usage

of refrigeration. Frozen custard, frozen yogurt, and even non-dairy varieties using

ingredients like coconut milk have all been created as a result of ice cream's

rising popularity.

Although ice cream is generally thought to be bad, according to

health professionals, it has a number of advantages and can occasionally be

enjoyed to improve mood and obtain enough amounts of protein, minerals,

antioxidants, and flavonoids (Arias, 2015).Simply whip 2 cups of cream, by hand

or with an electric mixer, until stiff peaks form. Slowly drizzle in a chilled can of

sweetened condensed milk. Add your desired flavourings or mix-ins. Remove to

an airtight container and freeze.

Ice cream was made by hand, by placing a bowl containing ice

cream mix in a barrel filled with ice and salt, and using a scraper to remove

growing ice crystals from the sides of the bowl until in the 1940s Nancy Johnsons

of Philadelphia invented the first ice cream maker machine. Her invention

comprised two spatulas that fitted tightly into a long cylindrical barrel. The spatula
contained holes and were attached to a shaft that could be rotated with a crank.

The outside of the cylinder was cooled with a mixture of salt and ice. The holes

made it easier to rotate the spatulas in the mix and simultaneously scrape ice

crystals off the inner wall of the cylinder. This invention simplified ice cream

production and ensured a more uniform texture than had previously possible

(Clarke, 2012).

PROCESS OF MAKING ICE CREAM TRADITIONALY

Traditional chemical engineering, product design, and multiscale

analysis are used in the manufacture of ice cream (Statler, 2019). The traditional

method involved putting the components into a narrow drum that was then

submerged into a bigger container that contained a mixture of ice and salt, which

was time-consuming and expensive. Milk and cream do not freeze until

temperatures drop below 20F (-6.7C), despite the fact that water does so at 32F

(0C) (guardian.co.uk logo, 2011).

TYPES OF ICE CREAM MAKER

There are two types of commercial ice cream machines: soft serve

and batch freezers. Depending on the type of confection you want to make and

the quantity you need to produce will determine which unit you add to your

commercial kitchen. First are the soft serve ice cream machines. It typically

produces a light and airy ice cream that has a soft texture to it, hence “soft
serve.” These units allow operators to dispense on-demand cones and cups with

the pull of a lever, which can also help with portion control. Soft serve machines

can also be used to dispense other treats like frozen yogurt, which also give

other confections that light, soft texture (Partstown, 2023).

Although there are many different kinds of soft serve machines,

these variations may generally be divided into four categories: the number of

flavours, capacity (countertop or floor models), feed mechanisms (gravity or

pressure), and cooling systems (air-cooled or water-cooled).

For more solid frozen desserts like traditional ice cream, gelato, custard,

sherbet and more, batch freezers are the perfect option. Just as the name

suggests, batch freezers allow you to produce a batch of one type of frozen

dessert (varies depending on capacity of exact unit), which allows for more

quality control and assurance (Partstown, 2023)

Batch freezers prepare frozen desserts by whipping and freezing

the liquid mix into a creamy, smooth texture. Usually, there is a lower amount of

overrun added in the mixture—between 30%-35%—which makes the ice cream

or gelato denser than soft serve but still palatable (Partstown, 2023). Similar to

soft serve ice cream makers, batch freezers are categorized by type, capacity

(including differences in countertop and floor models), and condenser types (air-

cooled vs. water-cooled).

 FEATURES OF ICE CREAM MAKER

Kids like participating in family activities like making homemade ice

cream. With a few basic ingredients and an ice cream machine, it is simple to

prepare. If you're considering purchasing an ice cream machine, you should

become aware with a few crucial aspects so you can pick the one that best suits

your requirements (PRALINE'S, 2016). An ice cream maker is a machine used to

make ice cream at home. It typically consists of a freezing bowl, a motorized

paddle, and a lid. There are various features to consider when choosing an ice

cream maker, including size, capacity, speed, and ease of use. Freezing

time: The freezing time of an ice cream maker can vary depending on the model.

Some ice cream makers require the freezing bowl to be pre-frozen for several

hours before use, while others have built-in compressors that freeze the mixture

as it churns (Nagaraj, 2018). Capacity: Ice cream maker machines come in

various sizes and capacities, from small countertop models that make a few

servings to larger models that can make several quarts of ice cream at once

(Rao, 2020).
 Speed: The speed at which an ice cream maker churns can affect

the texture and consistency of the final product. Some models have adjustable

speeds, while others have pre-set speeds that cannot be changed (Mondal,

2017). Ease of use: Ice cream maker machines can be simple or complex to use,

depending on the model. Some models require the user to manually mix the

ingredients and monitor the freezing process, while others have automatic

settings that make the process easier (Sharma, 2021).

BENEFITS OF ICE CREAM MAKER

Ingredient control: When using an ice cream machine, you have

total control over the components of your ice cream. This implies that you may

create healthy versions with less sugar or by using your preferred flavours and

ingredients (Healthline, 2021). Convenience: Making ice cream at home anytime

you want without leaving your house or visiting an ice cream shop is made

possible by owning an ice cream machine (CNET, 2021).

Cost-effectiveness: Making your own ice cream at home allows

you to create larger batches at a lower cost and avoid having to pay a premium

for store-bought varieties (The Spruce Eats, 2022). Fun and creative outlet:

Making ice cream can be a fun and creative outlet, allowing you to experiment

with different flavours and textures. It can also be a fun activity to do with friends

and family (Martha Stewart, 2021,). Dietary constraints: An ice cream maker
enables you to manufacture ice cream that satisfies your unique requirements if

you have dietary restrictions, such as lactose intolerance or a vegan or gluten-

free diet (Bon Appétit, 2021).

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%20the,to%2020F%20(%2D6.7C).

PRALINE'S. (2016, January 20). Retrieved from FEATURES TO LOOK FOR IN

AN ICE CREAM MAKER: https://pralinesownmade.com/features-to-look-
for-in-an-ice-cream-maker/

Statler. (2019). Retrieved from Ice Cream Production:

https://cbe.statler.wvu.edu/files/d/ace8e764-5a60-4cc9-ae89-
9e34d4af07a3/icecream.pdf

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https://www.bonappetit.com/story/homemade-ice-cream-dietary-
restrictions

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%20and%20freeze

Moncel, B. (2023). What is ice cream. Retrieved from

https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-ice-cream-1328784

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