AIS Notes

 Title: Purpose of Aeronautical Information
 References: AIS Manual

Annex 15
© CATC-TZ JULY 2013 Revision: 2

Slide 1 of 15 Member
At the end of the topic trainees will be able to:
 Define AIS
 List and Explain purpose of AIS
 List scope of information handled by AIS
 Describe origin of aeronautical information

Aeronautical Information Services (AIS)
 A service established within the defined area of
coverage responsible for the provision of
aeronautical information /data necessary for the
safety, regularity and efficiency of air navigation.

The establishment of AIS was contributed by the
following factors;
 Needs of the operator
 Need for uniformity
 Needs of international exchange of aeronautical
information
 Responsibility of the pilot in-command
 Responsibility of AIS

 The operator of any type of aircraft must have
available information concerning the air navigation
facilities and services expected to be used.
 Know the regulations concerning entry into and
transit of the airspace of each state in which they
operate
 Know aerodromes, navigation aids, Meteorological
services, Communication services and Air Traffic
services are available and the procedures and
regulations associated with them
 Know airspace restrictions or hazards and changes
on facilities affecting safe operations of aircraft.
 In accordance with article 37 of convention Annex
15 is designed to promote uniformity in the
collection and distribution of aeronautical
information, in the interest of safety, efficiency and
economy of civil aviation.

 The exchange of information with AIS of the other
states enables the provision of preflight information
needed by international operations.
 Amount and scope of information handled by AIS
will vary from state to state.

 Pilot in Command to become familiar with all
available information appropriate to the intended
flight.
 Become familiar with regulations and procedures
of all states to be overflown.
 Know the types of information that must be carried
on board an aircraft and that no flight may be
commenced unless there is reasonable assurance
that the facilities and services requires for the
flight are available and operational as specified on
Annex 6 Part 1.
 Annex 15 specifies that each contacting state
must provide an AIS for collection and
distribution of aeronautical information for use by
all types of aircraft operations- to facilitate
international operations.
 A state could make arrangements with one or
more contacting states for the provision of a joint
AIS or to delegate the authority for the provision
of aeronautical services to a non governmental
agency

 There are three categories of information;
 Information of permanent nature
 Information of temporary nature
 Information of explanatory, advisory or
administrative nature.

 Information of lasting character such as physical
characteristics of an aerodrome and associated
facilities shall be published in the Aeronautical
Information Publication (AIP)

 Information of temporary nature or short
duration shall be published in NOTAM

 Information which does not qualify for inclusion
in the AIP or NOTAM but which relate to flight
safety, technical, administrative or advisory
nature shall be published in the Aeronautical
Information Circulars (AIC)

An AIS does not normally originate the
information which it processes and issues
 The raw data is provided by those responsible
with the operations of the various air navigation
facilities and services.
 The effectiveness of AIS to provide efficient
services, depends upon the acquisition of the
required information from the other aeronautical
services.
 We have learned about
 Definition of AIS
 Purpose of AIS
 Scope of information handled by AIS
 Origin of Aeronautical information

 Establishment of Sound Organization Base

 Explain Objective of AIS
 Identify AIS units and their main duties
 Explain the technical orientation of AIS units
 State adequate resources for AIS
 Explain working arrangements
 Explain the liaison of AIS Headquarter with
other related services
 List minimum requirement for staff,
accommodation, facilities and equipments

 To ensure the flow of information
necessary for the safety , regularity
and efficiency of international civil
aviation.
3 Slide 3 of 17 Member
 AIS Headquarters/Head office
 International NOTAM Office
 Aerodrome (AD) AIS Units

 Production and sale of aeronautical publications
 Exchange of Aeronautical
documents/publications with other states
 Reception and distribution of ICAO documents
internally
 Initiate/respond to inquiries on Aeronautical
data/publications
 Maintenance of ICAO documents library

 Origination and promulgation of NOTAM for
national and international distribution
 Maintenance of NOTAM database/bank
 Amendments of Aeronautical documents
 Respond/initiate inquires on Aeronautical
data/information
 Issue monthly NOTAM checklist and plain
language summary

 Face to face briefings
 Maintenance of self briefing board/service
 Checking, acceptance of filled flight plan forms and
transmission to relevant units
 Filling and amendment of Aeronautical documents
 Passing ETA to public address/relevant Authorities
 Preparation of Pre-Flight Information bulletins

 Users of AIS
 Pilots
 Air traffic controllers
 Airline operational controllers
 Chart/document producing agencies
 AIS is thus technically oriented in the nature of
service it provides

 Highly skilled and competent staff in sufficient
numbers
 Suitable accommodation
 Necessary equipment
 These are the prerequisite to safe and
expeditious to provision of accurate aeronautical
information

 Factors which determine the size and scope of a
states AIS are:
 Volume of aircraft operations
 The extent to which civil aviation facilities
provided.

 For efficient working AIS Headquarter should
coordinate with:
 Related technical services
 The international NOTAM office (NOF)
 Aerodrome/Heliport AIS units
 The cartographic services
 The printing and distribution services

In order to fulfill efficiently the role to collect and
distribute information from and to all concerned,
AIS must establish and maintain a direct and
continuous liaison with other related services as
follows:
 AIS of other states
- To meet operational requirements within the states
for preflight information.

 Technical services within the state
- Ensure timely promulgation of all significant
operation within the states and to the other states
 Military services within the state
- Receive and promulgate information concerning

navigation warning or any special military
facilities or procedures available to or affecting
civil aviation

 The air traffic service of the state
- To ensure the immediate transmission of all
required information for Air traffic control and for in-
flight information purposes
 All aircraft operating agencies
- To ensure that pre flight information requirements
are adequately met
 Any other services
- Which may be source of information/have a reason
for requiring information about civil aviation
 Adequate table/counter for processing
information
 Adequate filling/database system
 Receiver and transmitter linked to AFTN
 Typewriter or computer terminal
 Duplicator or photocopier machine
 Telephone and telefax equipment
 Reliable clock
 Reference charts and documents

 We have learned about
 Objective of AIS
 AIS units and their main duties
 Technical orientation
 Adequate resources
 Size and scope of states AIS
 Working arrangements
 Liaison with other related services
 Arrangements with other states
 Minimum facilities and equipment
 State the three types of AIS units
 Name any two duties of each of the AIS
units
 “AIS is technically oriented" Discuss
 State the factors that determine size and
scope of states AIS
Name the adequate resources for AIS

 For efficient working arrangements, AIS
should coordinate with certain service and
units, name them
 Why should AIS establish and maintain a
direct and continuous liaison with:
a) AIS of other states
b) Technical service within the states
c) The military service within the states
d) ATS of the other states
e) Aircraft operating agencies

 Distribution of Information

• Define integrated aeronautical information
package
 Define the AIP, AIP Supplement, AIP
amendment, AIC and AIRAC
• Identify the AIP structure -AIP parts and
sections
• State and explain the conditions and
considerations to be observed during
publication of AIP
• List down 3 significant dates
• Explain briefly AIRAC dates during holidays
DEF- A package which consists of the following
elements
 AIP including amendment service;
 Supplement to the AIP
 NOTAM and PIB;
 AIC and
 Checklist and lists of valid NOTAM

● Definition:
A publication issued by or with the authority of a
state and containing aeronautical information of
a lasting character essential to air navigation.

 AIP is prepared in accordance with Standard
and Recommended Practices of -Annex 15 & 4
and Docs 8126 and 8697
 Abbreviations used are from Doc 8400

 The AIP must be self – contained and include a
table of contents. It should be published in loose
leaf form.
 The AIP is divided into three main parts;
- PART 1 – General (GEN)
- PART 2 – En-route (ENR)
- PART 3 – Aerodrome (AD)

 Consists of FIVE sections, containing
information of an administrative nature and
explanatory nature.
 GEN 0 Preface
 Gen 1 National regulations and requirements
 GEN 2 Tables and codes
 GEN 3 Services
 GEN 4 Charges, Airports and ANS

 Consists of SEVEN sections, containing
information concerning airspace and its use.
ENR 0 Preface
 ENR 1 General rules and procedures
 ENR 2 ATS Airspace
 ENR 3 ATS Routes
 ENR 4 Radio Navigation Aids/systems
 ENR 5 Navigation warnings
 ENR 6 Enroute charts

Consists of FOUR sections, contains of
Aerodromes/heliports and their use
 AD 0 Preface
 AD 1 Aerodrome introduction
 AD 2 Aerodromes data
 AD 3 Heliport data

 Print on both sides
 Don’t use a sheet solely for the title page of
section
 Use dividers sparingly
 Don’t use fine quality papers since most
pages will be replaced frequently
 Speed is more important than quality
reproduction so do not use printing methods
sacrificed speed

 If no information is available for publication for a
specific categories, indication should be given
e.g. -NIL or To be developed e.t.c
 AIP binder should be durable, easy to use at a
desk and that will allows replacement sheets to
be inserted without difficulty.

 Information should be carefully checked
 Edited and presented in the simplest form
 Use of English is recommended or
bilingual/multilingual edition so as to enable
those not familiar with the language to
understand and interpret the information

 Definition-Permanent changes to the
information contained in the AIP

 Should be allocated serial number
 Should be by issue of replacement of pages
 Hand amendments or annotations be kept to a
minimum
 Be amended/reissued at regular intervals
 Operational significant changes to an AIP must
be published in accordance with AIRAC
procedures

 Definition
 Temporary changes to the information
contained in the AIP which are published by
means of special pages
 Purpose
 Bring to the attention of users any temporary
changes of long duration or short duration
with extensive text/graphics.

 Must be allocated a serial number which is
consecutive and based on calendar year
 The pages should be printed on coloured paper
preferably yellow
 May be divided into specific disciplines i.e. GEN,
ENR & AD
 Checklist of current AIP supplements must be
issued at intervals of not more than one month
and such information to be included in the
monthly printed plain language list of valid
NOTAM.
 Definition:
A notice containing information that does not
qualify for the origination of a NOTAM or for
inclusion in the AIP, but which relates to flight
safety, air navigation, technical, administrative or
legislative matters

 Long term forecast of major changes in
legislation, regulations, procedures or facilities
 Information of purely explanatory or advisory
nature liable to affect flight safety
 Information/notification of an explanatory or
advisory nature concerning technical,
legislative or purely administrative matters.

 Should be numbered consecutively on a
calendar year basis
 AIC information is effective for long periods and
requires little amendment so it may remain for
several years without inconvenience
 Review and re-issue on a yearly basis is
however advisable
 A checklist of AIC in force be issued as an AIC
at least once a year

 WHITE -Administrative
 YELLOW -ATC
 PINK -Safety
 MAUVE -Danger area maps
 GREEN -Maps and charts

 DEF-AIRAC
An acronym signifying a system aimed at
advance notification based on common effective
dates of circumstances that necessitate
significant changes in operating practices

 Information concerning changes in facilities,
services or procedures requires amendment to
 - airline operations manual
 -Other documents produced by various aviation
agencies
• The organizations responsible for maintaining
publications up to date usually work to a pre-
arranged production programme
• Schedule of predetermined dates will facilitate
production programme.

 Changes of facilities, services or procedures can
be anticipated
 Be made effective in accordance with
predetermined schedule of effective dates
 Be identified by the acronym AIRAC

◦ Latest date for information to reach AIS
◦ Publication date
◦ Effective date

 Distributed at least 42 days in advance of the
Effective Dates for usual changes
 Reach recipients at least 28 days in advance
 Be in accordance with international agreed
schedule of Effective Dates
 Information shall not be changed further for at
least another 28 days after indicated effective
dates

 AIRAC effective dates falling within major
holiday periods e.g. Christmas should be
skipped to avoid delay of mails caused by
increased burden on postal services

 Dissemination of Aeronautical Information

 At the end of the topic trainees will be able to:
• Define NOTAM
• Explain the origination of NOTAM
• Explain the value of NOTAM
• Explain information to be promulgated and not
to be promulgated by NOTAM
• Explain briefly about sensitive NOTAM and
System NOTAM or Qualifier line
• Explain the distribution of NOTAM

 Definition
 A notice distributed by means of
telecommunication containing information
concerning the establishment, condition or
change in any aeronautical facility, service,
procedure or hazard, the timely knowledge of
which is essential to personnel concerned with
flight operations.

 NOTAM shall be originated and issued promptly
whenever the information to be distributed is of;
 Temporary nature and of short duration or
 Operationally significant permanent or
temporary changes of long duration are made at
short notice
Exceptions: Extensive text and/or graphics
NOTE : Information of short duration containing
Extensive text and/or graphics must be
published as an AIP supplement

 Establishment, closure or significant changes in
operation of Aerodrome(s)/heliport(s) or runways
 Establishment, withdrawal and significant changes
in operation of aeronautical services (AGA, AIS,
ATS,COM,MET,SAR, etc)
 Establishment, withdrawal to significant changes
made to visual aids
 Interruption of or return to operation of major
components of aerodrome lighting system
 Establishment, withdrawal or significant changes
made to procedures for air navigation services
 Occurrence or correction of major defects or
impediments in the maneuvering area
 Changes to and limitations on availability of fuel, oil
and oxygen
 Major changes to search and rescue facilities and
services available
 Forecast of solar cosmic radiation, where provided
 Allocation, cancellation or change of location
indicators
 NOTE: for more Circumstances ref AIS manual

 Routine maintenance work on aprons and
taxiways which does not affect the safe
movement of aircraft
 Runway marking work, when aircraft operations
can safely be conducted on other available
runways or the equipment used can be removed
when necessary
 Temporary obstacles in the vicinity of
aerodromes/heliports that does not affect the
safe operation of aircraft
 Partial failure of aerodrome/heliport lighting
facilities where such failure does not directly affect
aircraft operations
 Partial temporary failure of air ground
communications when suitable alternative
frequencies are known to be available and are
operative
 The lack of apron marshaling services and road
traffic control
 Note for more information refer AIS manual

 The basic purpose of any NOTAM is the
distribution of information in advance of the
event to which it relates.
 Exceptions- in case of un-serviceabilities
(Notification of un-serviceability of aids to air
navigation, facilities, communication services
should give an estimate of the period of
unserviceable/restoration of service).

 NOTAM should be distributed through AFTN
 NOTAM should not remain in force for more than
3 months
 If circumstances notified exceed 3 months; -
 Replacement/New NOTAM should be issued
 Issue AIP Supplement

The NOTAM format is aimed at
standardizing presentation of information
in order to facilitate understanding of the
message by the addressee. The NOTAM
format has two parts
 Part for com. service handling message
 Part containing NOTAM information

 GG HTZZNAAX
101200 HTDAYNYX
A0010/13 NOTAMN
Q)HTDC/QNDAS/IV/BO/AE/000/999/
0630S03930E150
A) HTDA
B) 1301270730 C) 1302120600
E) DME U/S REF. AIP HTDA AD 2.19

NOTAM are promulgated in series to suit the
needs of states.
 Series for NOTAM are taken from letters A-Z
excepted S and T where S is for SNOTAM and
T is for Trigger NOTAM
In East Africa NOTAM are promulgated as
series A, B, and C

 Information on the general rules, en-route
navigation and communication facilities, airspace
restrictions and activities taking place above
FL 245 and information concerning major
international aerodromes e.g HTDA, HUEN, HKNA
etc

 Information on the airs space restrictions on
activities taking place below FL 245.
 Facilities and procedures at other aerodromes
available for international civil aviation plus all
aerodromes of entry and exit.

 Information concerning all other national
aerodromes/ airstrips

 NOTAMN- Containing new information
 NOTAMR- Replacing previous NOTAM
 NOTAMC- Canceling previous NOTAM
For NOTAM R and C should be followed
by cancelled or replaced NOTAM e.g.
NOTAMR A0010/03 or NOTAMC B0030/03

 This line is divided into 8 fields, each separated
by a stroke.
 If no entry is to be made in a field no need to
transmit blanks.

1 FIR
2 NOTAM Code
3 Traffic
4 Purpose
5 Scope
6 Lower Limit
7 Upper Limit
8 Coordinates & Radius

 Insert ICAO location indicator, FIR
 More than one FIR, insert country indicator plus
XX e.g. FBXX. List FIR within the state on item
A)

Five letter code
 1st letter-Q- a code abbreviation for use in NOTAM
composition
 Note: Each NOTAM must deal with only one
subject and one condition concerning the subject.
 2nd &3rd letters- Subject-RWY, VOR
 4th & 5th letters- Condition/status
Not available, insert XX
 QAGXX-AGA, QRCXX- RAC,
 QCOXX - COM and QXXXX- Others

I- For information affecting IFR flights
V- For information affecting VFR flights
IV- For information affecting both IFR and VFR flights

N - For immediate attention of aircraft operators
B - Selected for PIB entry (PIB)
O - Concerning flight operations.
M - Miscellaneous NOTAM and subject for a briefing,
but it is available on request.
K - Is a Checklist

A- Aerodrome traffic
E- En-route traffic
AE- Both Aerodrome and En-route traffic
W- Navigation warning
K- Checklist

 Insert three figures in hundredth of feet e.g.
2,000feet to 25,000 feet = 020/250
 If lower and upper limits are not applicable, insert
000/999 (default figures)

 Insert latitude and longitude accurate to one minute
of the facility or service
 Radius of influence of facility in (NM)

A- Location
B- “From” (Beginning of activity)
C- “To” (End of activity)
D- Time schedule
E- NOTAM text in plain language
F - Lower limit
G- Upper limit
Note: Items D, F and G are optional.

 Use ICAO location indicator
 Use country indicator and XX e.g. HTXX
When location has no location indicator. Item E)
should include location in plain language. E.g. E)
IFAKARA AD CLSD

 Must contain a ten – figure date time group
YYMMDDHHHH in UTC
e.g.B)0312120630, meaning 12 December 2003 at
0630 UTC

YYMMDDHHHH in UTC e.g. C)0310250600
 Must contain PERM for permanent information e.g.
C) PERM
YYMMDDHHHH in UTC and EST where ending
period is uncertain e.g. C) 0310250600 EST
NOTAM with EST must be canceled or replaced.

 Must contain the specific schedule or periods
during which an occurrence takes place
(optional item) e.g D) October 15, 19 and 21
between 0730 - 1500

 Decoded NOTAM code by using abbreviations from
ICAO Doc 8400 (ABC) or plain language.
 The entry must be suitable for inclusion on PIB

 Applies to navigational warnings and airspace
restrictions
 Insert both lower and upper limits
e.g. F) SFC G) 30,000 FT MSL.

 At Dar es Salaam airport from 27th of January
2013 at 0730 UTC until the 12th of February
2013 at 0600 UTC, the distance measuring
equipment will be out of service for
maintenance.

 GG HTZZNAAX
101200 HTDAYNYX
A0010/13 NOTAMN
Q)HTDC/QNDAS/IV/BO/AE/000/999/
0630S03930E150
A) HTDA
B) 1301270730 C) 1302120600
E) DME U/S REF. AIP HTDA AD 2.19

1 What is the purpose of NOTAM format?
2 What is the difference between a NOTAM series
and NOTAM serial number?
3 Which items of the NOTAM format are optional?
4 Which item of the NOTAM format contains the
NOTAM text in plain language?
5 List down the 8 fields of the NOTAM qualifier line
6 Describe the composition of a NOTAM
code.
7 If Lower and Upper limits are not applicable what
will you put on the respective field in the qualifier
line?

 Preflight Information Bulletin (PIB)

 At the end of the topic trainees will be able to
 Define PIB
 Define the terms Pre flight and Post flight
information
 Identify the conditions for physical locations
 List Information to be held for each coverage
zone
 List types of PIB
 State by writing PIB format and Sequence
 List elements of oral and self briefing
 List factors for facilitating self briefing
 A presentation of current NOTAM information of
operational significance prepared prior to flight

 Preflight information
 Aeronautical information provided by AIS
personal to flight crews prior operations to
facilitate safe operation
 Post flight information

 Aeronautical data provided by flight crew to AIS
or ATS on any adequacy observed during the
course of operations for remedial action.

 Shall be made available at each aerodrome
used for;
 International Operations or
 Regular International commercial air transport
 Responsibility for provision;
 The AIS of the state
 Other agency appointed by the state

 The volume and type of traffic expected to use
the aerodrome
 Length and number of air routes originating at
the Aerodrome
 Units shall be manned by competent AIS
personnel
 Delegation be considered where minimum traffic
exists

 The main objective of Aerodrome AIS units is
 To avail to pilots the aeronautical information
required for a flight (Briefing)
 The information should be presented in such a
manner that will facilitate self briefing and save
time

 Oral briefing
Explanation from on duty Aeronautical
Information Officer on serviceability status of
facilities and services
 Self briefing
Presentation of information in such a way that
the crew/pilot will brief himself/herself
e.g. wall displays, NOTAM board, PIB

 The physical layout of briefing office
 Space available
 Extent of coverage zone
 Demand of PIB
 The format of PIB
 An adequate wall display
 Easy access to basic information

 Should be situated in close proximity to other
aerodrome flight services and airline operations
 Meteorological briefings, flight clearance,
collection of fees and charges should be in
sound proof offices
 Preferably ground floor near the apron

To reduce ground time for transit flights
 Access to PIB should not involve customs
clearance and other formalities
 A big black letter C with yellow background
indicating location of the Aerodrome information
unit.

 It is advisable to locate the Air Traffic Services
and Aeronautical Information Services units in
close proximity.

 Factors affecting coverage zone
 Geographical coverage
 Anticipation of traffic requirements
 Depth of information
Coverage zone can be determined in
consultation of operators

 Detailed Information to held for each coverage
zone should include
 Relevant element of Integrated Aeronautical
information package
 Air routes shall be made available at each
aerodrome used for
 Entry and transit regulation of civil aircraft on
International flights
 Aerodrome available for International aviation
 Air Navigation aids and mobile communication
facilities
 Meteorological facilities

 Rules of the air and Air Traffic Services
procedures
 Controlled and restricted airspace
 Hazard to air navigation
 Search and rescue facilities
 Survival information
 Appropriate maps and charts
 Current NOTAM and other information of urgent
nature

 Traffic requirement can be determined from
operators
 Useful indication of future trends can be
obtained through study of the reports of regional
air navigation meetings, bilateral agreements
and statements from operators.

 Determination of geographical area can help to
take account of the depth of information required
within that area
 Maximum amount of information is required to
state or in particular aerodrome available by the
use of international traffic.

 Self briefing facilitated by;
 The layout of the briefing room
 The format of the preflight information bulletins
 The wall display
 The access to basic information

 Should be adjusted to meet pilots requirements
depending upon familiarity with the route
 A checklist may be used by briefing officer to
ensure the comprehensive briefing, clear and
sequenced.

 Should be provided in a standard format and
sequenced information
 Information of Operation significance which
differs from that in AIP
 NOTAM should be principal source of PIB

 Area type bulletins
 Route type bulletins
 Aerodrome type bulletins
 Immediate automatic notification of items of
urgent Operational significance
 Administrative bulletins

 The following area type bulletins can be made
available within an automated system
 ll PIB information
 IFR PIB information
 VFR PIB information
 OPSIG information
 Immediate notification information
 Only enroute information
 Selected list of location indicators and any
combination
 Route type can contain the same information as
area type bulletins in the form as
 FIR route specific: information regarding to FIR
crossed and specific departure, destination and
alternate aerodrome
 Narrow path route specific: information only by
area determined by a strip about the route with
departure, destination and alternate aerodrome

 Contain information on selected aerodromes
depending on user requirements
 Contain data on aerodrome within one or more
FIR, for specified sectors or for destination and
alternate aerodrome only. These requirements
should be established by agreement between
the AIS authority and other operators concerned

 Brought attention of operators concerned even
after the preflight briefing stage.

 Contain checklist of all current NOTAM by
state/FIR/aerodrome/heliport
 All NOTAM input since a specified date time
group. This can facilitates briefings

 Should be prepared for major traffic areas or air
routes
 Routes extending in the same direction may be
treated collectively
 Information for each area or route may be divided
into two categories and published as separate
bulletins
 General: routine serviceability reports, changes in
procedures
 Navigation Warnings: Area over which the flight of
aircraft is dangerous or restricted.
 Must have the following characteristics
 NOTAM text in significations abbreviated to
ICAO NOTAM code complemented by ICAO
abbreviations, indicators, designators,
frequencies and plain language
 NOTAM number to the right of text

 Must be prepared in the following sequence
 Heading: identity of origination, area covered
and for whom prepared
 En-route information
 Aerodrome information
 Navigation warnings

 Purpose
 To insure that any adequacy observed by an
operator in the course of operations of facilities
essential to the safety of those operations is
reported to the authority responsible for them
without undue delay.


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 Title: Purpose of Aeronautical Information

 References: AIS Manual

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- Receive and promulgate information concerning

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