PHYSICAL SCIENCE 2: DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION IN THE PHILIPPINE SETTING
NAME:Xyza Lee P. Lepaopao
Fharren Aizelle Socajel
Ybram James Amante
GRADE/SECTION: 11 STEM 2A
Class Adviser:Mr. Florencio Cuizon
WRITTEN WORK 4.1: RESEARCH REPORT ON LANDSLIDES
LANDSLID HISTORY
E NAME
1792 Unzen-Mayuyama Landslide
1792 Unzen- The 1792 Unzen-Mayuyama landslide was a
Mayuyama catastrophic event in which a large landslide
mega slide triggered a tsunami that caused significant
damage and loss of life in the Nagasaki region
of Japan. The most famous and worst landslide
and its resulting landslide-induced tsunami
disaster in Japan is the 1792 Unzen-Mayuyama
mega slide. This disaster in the history of
volcanic hazards in Japan is called “the
Shimabara Catastrophe.” Mayuyama is one of
the Unzen compound volcanoes in the eastern
part of Shimabara Peninsula, Nagasaki
Prefecture, Kyushu At about 8 PM on 21 May
1792, the landslide was induced by the
Shimabara-Shigatusaku earthquake that
occurred under Shimabara in the last stage of
eruptive activities of Mt. Fugen (Sassa et
al., 2002). After traveling around 5 km from the
top of Mt. Mayuyama, a tremendous amount of
debris and rocks rushed into the Ariake Sea and
DATE ACCOMPLISHED:4/
SUBJ.TEACHER:Mr.Richard Ardenio
S.Y. 2022 - 2023
SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS
1.)Loss of life: The landslide and resulting tsunami caused the deaths
of over 15,000 people, according to historical estimates. This loss of
life had significant social and economic impacts on the affected
communities, including decreased population and a loss of economic
productivity.
2.) Damage to infrastructure: The landslide and tsunami caused
significant damage to buildings, roads, and other infrastructure in the
affected areas. The cost of repairing and rebuilding this infrastructure
would have had a significant economic impact on the communities
affected by the disaster.
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
According to a study by Matsushi et al. (2011),
the landslide was influenced by a number of
environmental factors, including:
1. Heavy rainfall: The landslide occurred during
a period of heavy rainfall, which likely increased
the amount of water in the soil and contributed
to the instability of the slope.
2. Volcanic activity: Mt. Unzen is an active
volcano, and the study suggests that volcanic
activity may have contributed to the instability
of the slope.
3. Topography: The steep topography of the
slope may have also contributed to the landslide,
as it increases the likelihood of soil erosion and
instability.
4. Vegetation: The study notes that the lack of
 generated a giant tsunami that hit both sides of
the inland sea. The landslide and tsunami
reportedly killed a total of 15,153 persons. Out
of 15,153 persons, 10,139 persons died in the
Shimabara area, 5014 persons were killed on the
opposite banks by the tsunami wave.
Sassa et al. 2016).
Sassa K, Dang K, Yanagisawa H et al (2016) A
new landslide-induced tsunami simulation
model and its application to the 1792 Unzen-
Mayuyama landslide-and-tsunami disaster.
Landslides 13(6):1405–1419
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/
s10346-016-0691-9
The Payatas landslide is one of the most
The Payatas devastating landslides in Philippine history. It
Tragedy occurred on July 10, 2000, in the Payatas area of
Quezon City, Metro Manila, and resulted in the
deaths of more than 200 people.
The Payatas landfill was a large garbage dump
that had been in operation for more than two
decades. The dump was situated on the side of a
hill, and over time, the weight of the garbage
had caused the slope to become unstable.
In 1999, a smaller landslide had occurred at the
site, but it was not as severe and did not result in
any fatalities. Despite this, the dump continued
to accept garbage and was not properly managed
or regulated.
1. Loss of life and displacement: The landslide resulted in the
deaths of over 200 people and displaced thousands of others
who lived in the area. Many people lost their homes,
possessions, and loved ones, and had to rely on aid and
support from the government and non-governmental
organizations.
2. Economic impacts: The landslide disrupted the livelihoods of
many people in the community who relied on informal work
at the dumpsite or nearby businesses. It also caused
significant damage to infrastructure and property in the area,
which had an economic impact on the local economy.
3. Health effects: The landslide and the decomposing waste at
the dumpsite caused health problems for the people living in
the area. The toxic fumes and pollutants from the waste
affected the respiratory health of residents, and the unsanitary
vegetation on the slope may have contributed to
the landslide, as vegetation helps to stabilize soil
and prevent erosion.
Matsushi et al. (2011) also note that the
landslide was likely triggered by a combination
of these factors, rather than any single factor
alone.
Reference:
Matsushi, Y., Matsukura, Y., & Sassa, K.
(2011). Environmental factors affecting the
occurrence of the 1972 Unzen-Mayuyama
landslide. Landslides, 8(3), 317-325. doi:
10.1007/s10346-010-0247-2
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10346
-010-0247-2
The landslide had a significant environmental
impact on the surrounding area. The waste from
the dumpsite contaminated the soil and water
sources, and the landslide caused erosion and
disrupted the natural ecosystem.
The Payatas landslide was a tragedy that
highlighted the dangers of poorly managed
dumpsites and the need for proper waste
management practices.
 On July 10, 2000, heavy rainfall triggered a living conditions increased the risk of infectious diseases.
massive landslide at the site. The landslide
buried an entire community of informal settlers
who lived at the foot of the dump, killing more Pelling, M. (2003). The Vulnerability of Cities: Natural Disasters
than 200 people and injuring many more. and Social Resilience. London: Earthscan Publications
Ltdhttps://books.google.com.ph/books?
The disaster sparked outrage and calls for better hl=en&lr=&id=cjjBdCzB-
regulation of garbage dumps and landfills in the C0C&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=payatas+tragedy+
Philippines. In response, the Quezon City
government closed the Payatas dump and
initiated a program to relocate the affected
families and improve waste management
practices in the city.

The Payatas landslide remains a tragic reminder

of the dangers of poorly managed landfills and
the importance of proper waste management
practices to protect communities and the
environment.

Reference:
http://www.dr-koelsch.de/
Phillie_01_Payatas.pdf

The 2010 Zhouqu landslide was a devastating
The 2010 natural disaster that occurred in Zhouqu County,
Zhouqu Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu
landslide Province, China, on August 8, 2010.
The landslide was triggered by heavy rainfall,
and it destroyed roughly 300 homes and killed
over 1,400 people. The disaster also caused
significant damage to infrastructure, including
roads, bridges, and power lines.
The socioeconomic effects of the disaster were severe. Many people
lost their homes and livelihoods, and the local economy was
disrupted. The Chinese government allocated significant resources to
the relief and reconstruction efforts, but the recovery has been slow
due to the remote location of the affected area and the difficult
terrain.
The environmental effects of the landslide were
also significant. The massive amount of debris
and sediment created by the landslide blocked
the Bailong River, causing flooding and
threatening downstream communities. The
disaster also resulted in significant erosion and
soil loss in the affected area.
One study by Qin et al. (2013) analyzed the
environmental impact of the landslide and found
that it had caused significant changes in the local
landscape, including alterations to the river bed
and channel morphology. The study also found
that the landslide had caused a significant
increase in sediment yield in the affected area,
which could have long-term consequences for
the local ecosystem.

One study by Qin et al. (2013) analyzed the

environmental impact of the landslide and found
that it had caused significant changes in the local
landscape, including alterations to the river bed
and channel morphology. The study also found
that the landslide had caused a significant
increase in sediment yield in the affected area,
which could have long-term consequences for
the local ecosystem.