▪ Politics

came from the Greek word

Politiká.
▪ As members of the society, people
are naturally obligated to
participate in a political system as
social citizens.
▪ Politics refers to the actions or
activities concerned with achieving
and using power in a nation or
society. It is also defined as the
ways that power is shared in an
organization and the ways it is
affected by personal relationships
between people who work
together.
▪ Aristotle stated, “man is, by
nature, a political animal.” This
is because man is a social
being and that people
naturally drawn to various
political involvements in order
to satisfy their social needs.

▪ A person does not just aspire

to relate to others but wants to
create a society in which he is
part of (Bernardo, 2016)
POLITICS AS IMBIBED BY MAN IMPLIES SEVERAL THINGS:
▪ Politics is concerned with power. Power inequalities can be
observed within societies. The one who holds power holds
influence.
▪ Politics functions based on a particular social economic and
cultural context. The nature of politics and political systems is
dependent on the culture of the state. Political claims made by
advocates are influenced by their geographical location and
ideology.
▪ The political is also personal. One’s personal choices reflect
his/her personal politics; both are indistinguishable.
▪ Politics goes hand in hand with the society. Politics pervades the
structure of society, and thus influences inhabitants in their beliefs,
ethics, and behavior.
▪ However, the political
self is not only shaped
by one’s political
affiliation or beliefs.
One’s sense of
accountability should be
manifested in promoting
certain advocacies
through healthy political
engagement. This is
aligned with the concept
of active citizenship.
 ACTIVE
CITIZENSHIP

▪ Active citizenship refers to the structured forms of

engagement with political processes and
everyday forms of participation in society. It is
also defined as the process of sharing decisions
which affect one’s life and the life of a community
in which one lives. Participation is the
fundamental right of citizenship.
▪ Active citizenship is anchored on one’s cognitive
and behavioral engagement to participate in
formal and informal political activities. Different
people manifest different levels of active
citizenship; some they take a more active
approach in making their voices heard.
▪ Active citizenship is also associated with the “sense of
community.” People, including adolescents, participate in
communal activities because it gives a sense of belonging in a
particular group. Active citizenship may facilitate ethnic pride
and provide a voice to the woes of their social group.
▪ For the younger generation, active citizenship can contribute to
their social development. Engaging in such activities can also
enhance efficacy and competence of the younger generation, as
they are the “future leaders” of the society. The participation of
the youth in nation-building activities enhances their value
orientation and fosters integrity, compassion, and the sense of
justice, which are crucial to the holistic development of a citizen
of a nation.
▪ Active citizenship helps an individual embrace his/her
individuality through the choices he/she makes and the
behavior he/she manifests. The political self is a result
of various personal and environmental factors that
impact the individual. The participation of the youth in
political discourse and social activities can result in
cultural and political paradigm shifts that may be felt
even by future generations.Thus, the future begins now.
 Family
▪ The family has a hierarchical structure
▪ Through hierarchy of positions, status and power.
▪ Example: Father acts as a leader and
establishes rules to maintain order in the family
▪ This shows that authority is necessary in the

ORIGIN OF development of political self and identity

School

POLITICAL SELF ▪ The school’s responsibility is to teach moral,

spiritual, and political values that will help the
students to become patriotic and morally upright
citizen .
▪ Example: UTS subject, GMRC, ROTC
▪ The school is like a family, where the teacher acts as
the leader in classroom that sets the rules and
regulation to maintain order in class.
 Church
▪ Helps the shape ideals of citizenship and
democracy through the religious
teachings, values and tradition

ORIGIN OF Peers
▪ Interaction with the peers encompasses
POLITICAL SELF and emphasizes the equal distribution of
power, rights, and privileges among
members of the group
Mass Media
▪ Key to the source of information on
politics
 YOU KNOW
YOU'RE A
FILIPINO IF...
A.Who is a Filipino
Article IV Section 1 of the 1987 Constitution (Official
Gazette Republic of the Philippines) states that you
are a Filipino citizen if:
▪ You were born in the Philippines;
▪ Your parents are citizens of the Philippines;
▪ You were born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino
mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon
reaching the age of majority; and
▪ You are naturalized in accordance with law.
Being a Filipino is not reflected by citizenship
alone. The values and traits must also be
manifested.
▪Every Filipino has his/her own
identity very much different from
other nationalities. His/her values,
traits, community life, are the ones
that will stand out from the rest of
the people.
▪Values are universally recognized
as a driving force in ethical
decision.
▪The Filipino value system of
Filipino values refers to the set of
values or the value system that a
majority of Filipinos have.
B.Values and Traits of a Filipino
Pakikipagkapwa Tao – This is the
shared sense of identity and
consciousness of the "other". It means
treating others with respect and dignity
as an equal, not someone below the
individual.
Family Orientation – The basic and
most important unit of a Filipino's life.
Joy and Humor – The famous trait is the
ability of Filipinos to find humor in
everything. It sheds light on the optimism
and positivity of Filipinos.
Flexibility, Adaptability, Creativity –
Studies show that Filipinos often have an
aversion to a set of standardized rules or
procedures; they are known to follow a
natural clock or organic sense of time-doing
things; they are present oriented.
Faith and Religiosity – Filipinos
have a strong faith in God as seen
in their various practices.
Resiliency – Filipinos developed a
sense of resourcefulness or the
ability to survive with whatever
they have.
Utang na Loob – This is a way of showing gratitude for a
favor or assistance extended to a person, such debt can
never be fully paid, and the obligation can last for
generations. It is expected that when the grantor asks for
help, the debtor needs to return the favour with no
excuses.
Bahala Na – Filipinos have the tendency to utter this
expression especially if they are about to perform a difficult
task or if they have exhausted all possible efforts in
performing a task. This shows their belief that someone up
there will take care of the rest for things that they are in little
or no control at all.
Hard work and Industry - Filipinos are
very determined and persevering in
accomplishing whatever they
set their minds to.
Hospitality – Filipinos have been known to
be amazingly friendly to strangers. They
treat visitors, foreigners, or guests as if they
have known them already.
Bayanihan – This term comes from the word “bayan” which
means nation, town or community. This is a Filipino trait of
helping others without remuneration. This is a communal
trait which shows favorable deed towards one another in
the community.
Hiya – Filipinos are generally dependent on what other
people will think or say about them. Social approval,
acceptance by a group and belonging to a group play a
vital role in their life. Expressions such as “nakakahiya,”
“ano nalang ang sasabihin nila” are oftentimes heard from
them.
Passivity– Filipinos' lack of initiative for
change is also one reason why our country
does not progress. Some Filipinos also lack
courage and confidence.
Gossiping – Filipinos are fond of talking about
others; business. Sadly, this does not bring any
good to the subjects. Secrets are brought out,
failures and flaws are emphasized, and
relationships are destroyed.
Compadre System – It is expected that friends over non-
acquaintance are given priority to be given a favour such
as job placement, promotion and the like.(Panopio, Corder-
McDonald, & Raymundo, 1995); (David & Macaraeg, 2010)
Crab Mentality - There are some Filipinos who got a bitter
view at competition-that if we cannot win, no one will.
Mañana Habit - the regular tendency or practice of putting
off until tomorrow what can be done today. It tends to occur
subconsciously, like most of our procrastination problems.
It is a way of thinking and doing acquired through previous
repetition of task-avoidance experiences.