The aeroplane

1- “Who invented them?”

By 1900, the Wright Brothers were ready to test their first glider. It
was like a kite. They studied the best place to fly. They picked a
sandy spot in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. They camped out there.
Between 1901 and 1903, they went back and forth between Dayton
and Kitty Hawk. They were getting closer to flying. Finally, on
December 17, 1903, the time had come.
That day, they flew four times. Orville flew the Wright Flyer the first
time. That flight lasted 12 seconds. It went 120 feet. Their second
and third flights went up about 175 feet each. Wilbur flew the fourth
flight of the day. It went 859 feet. It took 59 seconds. After that last
flight, the wind blew very hard. It blew the Flyer across the sand.

2- “How long have people been using them?”

The Wright brothers invented and flew the first airplane in 1903,
recognized as "the first sustained and controlled heavier-than-air
powered flight".

3- “How have they helped people improve their lives?”

When airplanes first flew, they brought two new astonishing
experiences to the human race. One was simply the sight of a fellow
human being traveling through the sky at speed and in control. The
second novel aspect of airplane flight was what the aviators and
their passengers saw from the sky—experiencing our enhanced
vision for the first time.
 The thermometer

1- “Who invented them?”

Galileo Galilei invented a rudimentary water thermometer in 1593
which, for the first time, allowed temperature variations to be
measured. In 1714, Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the first mercury
thermometer, the modern thermometer.The first real medical
thermometer was invented by Sir Thomas Allbut in 1867.

2- “How long have people been using them?”

For almost a hundred years thermometers were basically
unchanged. They contained alcohol or mercury and were considered
to be very accurate.

3- “How have they helped people improve their lives?”

A thermometer is an instrument that measures temperature. It can
measure the temperature of a solid such as food, a liquid such as
water, or a gas such as air. The three most common units of
measurement for temperature are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and kelvin.