Neurons

Neuron A specialized cell transmitting

(Nerve Cell) nerve impulses.

The central part of the neuron

Cell Body that contains the nucleus.

The long thread-like part of a

nerve cell along which
Axon impulses are conducted from
the cell body to other cells.

A specialized part of the cell

body (or soma) of a neuron
Axon Hillock
that connects to the axon.

The gaps in the myelin sheath of

a nerve, between adjacent
Nodes of Ranvier Schwann cells.

Jason S. Martinez
www.meestermartinez.weebly.com
 A wrapping of myelin around
certain nerve axons, serving as an
electrical insulator that speeds
Myelin Sheath nerve impulses to muscles and
other effectors.

A junction between two nerve

cells, consisting of a minute gap
Synapse across which impulses pass by
diffusion of a neurotransmitter.

The space between neurons at a

nerve synapse across which a
Synaptic Cleft nerve impulse is transmitted by a
neurotransmitter.

Presynaptic Neuron The neuron sending the signal.

Postsynaptic Neuron The neuron receiving the signal.

Jason S. Martinez
www.meestermartinez.weebly.com
 A chemical substance which is
released at the end of a nerve
fiber by the arrival of a nerve
impulse and, by diffusing across
Neurotransmitters
the synapse or junction, effects
the transfer of the impulse to
another nerve fiber.

A small sac containing

neurotransmitters enclosed by a
Vesicles lipid bilayer

The change in electrical potential

associated with the passage of an
Action Potential impulse along the membrane of
a muscle cell or nerve cell.

The end of a neuron. The part of

Axon Terminals the neuron that sends the signal.

The part of the neuron that

receives the signal from another
Dendrites neuron.

Jason S. Martinez
www.meestermartinez.weebly.com
 Neurotransmitters
Behavior
Learning
Sleep
Mood
Dopamine Focus
Attention
Immune Health

Low levels lead to Restlessness

Gaba anxiety and irritability.

Cognition
Learning
Glutamate Memory

Mood
Depression
Anxiety
Sleep
Serotonin
Emotions
Appetite
Temperature

Triggers muscle contraction

Controls heartbeat
Acetylcholine
Stimulates hormones

Jason S. Martinez
www.meestermartinez.weebly.com
 Provides accurate assessment of
Norepinephrine danger or stressful situations

Metabolism
Attention
Focus
Epinephrine Stress
Fear
Anger
Panic, Excitement

Jason S. Martinez
www.meestermartinez.weebly.com