10

settling velocity of particle A to that of particle B? Assume equal densities.

(b)~xplain 1.he following tenns:-

(1) Reverse osmosis 8
(ii) Flocculation
Q (a) !='esign a river intake with respect to (i) number & size of the opening in the
7 mtake well; (ii) size, shape & height of the intake well; (iii) the gravity pipe
for raw water connecting the intake well and jack well. The data supplied is :-

R.L. of river bed = 11 Om

R. 1 · of lowest water level = 113m
R. L. of high flood level = 125m
R. 1 · O~ normal water level = 118m
Populat10n = 65,000
b) Av~rage water demand = 2001/head/d 6
( Wnte a note on dynannc . programming. and its types.

END
 Ro 11 No·-------------------
Total No. of pages: 1
B. Te~h. [ENVIRONMENT]
FOURTH SEMESTER

MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION (MARCH 2019)

EN-208: FLUID MECHNICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES

MAX. MARKS: 20
TIME: 1 Hour 30 minutes

NOTE: Answer ALL Questions.

Assume suitable missing data, if any

l(a) Define the viscosity and explain the Newton's law of viscpsity. 2

(b) Differentiate between the Eulerian and Lagrangian methods of representing fluid flow. 2
(c) State and derive the Bernoullis Equation, 2

2 Water flows in circular pipe at one section the diameter is 0.3 m, and the static pressure 4
is 260 KPa gauge, the velocity is 3 m/s and the elevation is 10 m above the ground level.
The elevation at a section drawdown is 5 m, and the pipe diameter is 0.15 m. Find out
the gauge pressure at the drawdown section.

3 Determine the total pressure on a circular plate of diameter 1.5 m which is placed 4
vertically in water in such a way that the center of the plate is 3 m below the free
surface. Find the position of center of pressure also.

4 Derive an expression for the velocity distribution for laminar flow through a ~ircular 2
pipe. Also sketch the distribution of velocity and shear stress across of the pipe.

5 Define the velocity potential function and stream function and derive the Laplace 2
equation.

6 Explain the various types of fluids with neat diagrams.

2
Tota l No . of pages: 1 Roll No.-------- -----------

FOURTH SEMESTER B. Te ch. [ENVIRON MENT)

MID SEMEST ER EXAM!N ATI ON (MARCH 2018)

EN-208: FLUI D MECH NICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES

TI ME: 1 Hour 30 min utes MAX. MARKS: 20

NOTE : An sw er A LL Questi on s.
Ass ume suita ble m issi ng data, if "'ny

1. Define the properti es of fl uid with examples and neat sketches. 2

2. Differen tiate between the Eul erian and Lagrangian methods of

represe nting fluid flow. 2

3. What do you mean by velocity potential and stream function s. 2

4. State and derive the Bernoulli's Equation. 4

5. An oil of specific gravity 0.8 is flowing through a venturim eter having inlet
diamete r 20 cm and through diamete r 10 cm. The oil mercury differen tial
manom eter shows a readings of 25 cm . Calculate the discharge of oil
through the horizontal venturi meter. Take Cd= 0.98. 4

6. Define the terms meta centre and meta centric height. 2

7. Differen tiate between forced vortex and free vortex with example . 2

8. What do you mean by Orifice ? Explain the differen t hydrauli c coefficie nt

2
Total No. of pages : 1
R'oll No.~-----------------
FOURTH SEMESTER
B. Tech. [ENVIRONMENT]
MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION (MARCH 2q20)

EN-208: FLUID MECHNICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES

Tilvffi: l Hour 30 minutes MAX. MARKS: 20
NOTE: Answer ALL Questions.
Assume suitable missing data, if any

l (a) Explain the various types of fluid with examples and neat sketches.

(b) What is the difference between dynamic viscosity and kinematic viscosity? Stare their units
of measurements.

{c) A rectangular plane surface is 2 m wide and 3 m de.ep. ft lies in vertical plane in water. 3
Determine fotal pressure and position of center of pressure on the plane surface when its
. upper edge is horizontal and coincides with water surface. >

2 (a) Define.the velocity potential function and s~~eam functi'on with examples.
. . .. .. -. . ·. . .
. - .
(b) Differentiate between the Eulerian and Lagrangian methods of representing fluid
flow.

(c) The velocity vector in a fluid flow is given by 3

V = 4 x3 i -IO x2y j +2t k..
Find the velocity and acceleration of a 'fiuid particle at (2, I, 3} at t-1.
3 (a) An oil of specific gravity 0.8 is flowing through a venturimeter having inlet diameter 3
20 cm and through diameter 10 cm. The ·oil mercury differential manometer shows
a readings of 25 cm. Calculate the discharge of oil through the horizontal
venturimeter. Take Cd= 0.98.

(b) Define the viscosity and explain the Newton's law of viscosity.

,. (c) Differentiate between venturi meter and orifice meter with neat sketches.

4 (a) Define the viscosity and explain the Newton's law of viscosity. 2
(b) ~ pitote-tube placed at the center of 300 mm pipe line has one orifice pointing 3
upstream and other pegJel)~ict±l~ _lQ. it. .T~~-mean-..velocity in pipe is o.80 of the--
· centrar ve!ocity: Ff;d the discharge through the pipe if the pressure difference
between tow orifices is 60 mm of water. Take the coefficient of pi tote-tube as Cv ==
0.98.

- E,1,.JD -
Q.6 \Vrite short notes on any four

(a) Types of Tube wells

(b) Standard for water supplies
(c) Tube Settlers
(d) Types of chlorination \J
(e)O&MofWaterTreatmentPian ts , .t
..
v\
1
c~·. '
__.____./
(f) Water softening
(g) Desalinations
(h) Intake Structures
Total No. of pages: 1
FOURTH SEMESTER Ro 11 No.-------------------
8. Tech. [ENE]
END SEMESTER EXAMINATION
(May-2018)

EN-208: Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics Machines

TIME: 3.0 Hrs
NOTE: -
Answer any FIVE Questions.
Assume suitable missing data, if any
-
MAX. MARKS: 40
- J
_

5t
1. (a) ate th e Newton's Law of viscosity. Explain the importance of viscosity in fluid motion. What is
the effect of temperature on viscosity of water and that of air. 2
(b) Determine the total pressure on a circular plate of diameter 1.5 m which is placed vertically in
water in such a way that the center of the plate is 3 m below the free surface. Find the position of
center of pressure also. 6

2
· (a) What are the conditions of equilibrium of a floating body and submerged body? 2
(b) The water is flowing through a pipe having diameters 20 cm an d 10 cm at sections 1 and 2
respectively. The rate of flow through pipe is 35 Ifs. The section 1 is 6 m above from datum and
the section 2 is 4 m above datum. If the pressure at section 1 is 39.42 N/cm 2 • Find the intensity of
pressure at section 2. 6

3. (a) Define the velocity potential function and stream function . 2

3
(b) A 25 mm diameter nozzle discharges 0.76 m of water per minute when the head is 60 m. The
diameter of the jet is 22.5 mm. determine the : (i) the values of coefficients Cc, Cv and Cd and (ii) the
loss of head due to fluid resistance. 6

4. Show that velocity distribution for turbulent flow through rough pipe is given by
u/u. = 5.75 log1o(Y/k) + 8.5
where u. = shear velocity, y = distance from the pipe wall, k = roughness factor. 8

5. Water is flowing through a pipe of diameter 30 cm at a velocity of 4 m/s. Find the velocity of oil
flowing in another pipe of diameter 10 cm, if the condition of dynamic similarity is satisfied between
the two pipe. The viscosity of water and oil is given as 0.0lpoise and 0.025 poise. The specific gravity of
oil is 0.80. 8

6. Pelton wheel has to be designed for the following data: Power to be developed= 6000 KW, Net head
available = 350 m ; Speed = 600 rpm ; Ratio of jet diameter to wheel diameter =1/10 and Overall
efficiency 90%; find no of jets, diameter (d) of the jet, diameter (D) of wheel and quantity of water
required. Assume Kv = 0.98 & Speed ratio Ku= 0.46. 8

7. Write short notes on any Two 2x4 = 8

(a) Turbulent flow
(b) Laminar Boundary Layer
(c) Prandtl,s mixing length theory
(d) Flow between parallel plates
 • \' \· h · · d'"n eter contains a gate valve. The pressure at the center of
!.\ . 8) A pipe me \\' 1\C IS'4 !TI 111 lu l ' • _ • •
the pipe is 19.6 N/cm'. If the pipe is filled with oil of spec, hc gravity 0.87. find the lore<
exei.ed by the oil upon the gate and position of center of pressure. J
b) In a two dimensional incompressible flow. the fluid velocity components are given by
u= x-4y and v = -y-4x. Show that the velocity potenlial esists and determine its form. Find
alo;c the stream function. 5
5. a1 State and drive the Euler's equation of motion. A horizontal venture-meter with inlet
diameter 20 cm and throat diameter \ 0 cm is used to measure the now of water. The pressure
at inlet is \ 7 .658 N/cm2 and the vacuum pressure al the throat is 30 cm of ml!rcur). Find 1h~
discharge of water through venture-meter. Take C11=0.98. 3+5
Or
Drive. the expression
. for the velocity distribution , relati·on b et ween ma:'\1111um
· to a,erngt!
ve\ocny for laminar flow through circular pipe and al so d rive · t he expression· for drop of
pressure head for a given length. · 8
Tot al No of pages= 2
Roll No.---------------·--
FOU RTH SEMESTER
B. Tech. [EN E]
END SEM EST ER EXA i\ . AfI O'\ (\I.w -20 19)
. ll'\
· I !\l
EN- 208 ·· Fl uat
TIME; 3.0 HOURS echnnics an<l Ilycl t :rnlics Machines
MAX. MAR KS: 40
NO TE: A
ns\ver all the Questions,
Assume suitable missing data. if any • •
•
1t used m a reaction turbine?
•
I. What .is a draf t tub e an d d ra,tr: tube theory? Why 1s
. . on for
. e the expressi
Descnbe with sketch t\\O d'rr-. types of. draft-tubes. Als. odnv
. 11,er ent 8
etlic1enc) of draft tube.
Or
through rough pipe is given by
Sho\\' that velocity distribution for turbulent flow
u/u* = 5.75 log,c,(y/k) .!. 8.5
pipe wall. k = roughness factor.
whe re u·* = shea r velo cit), ) = distance from the
2. A Pelton wheel is to be designed for the follo
wing specifications. Shaft power is t~1ual
to 11.772 kW. Head 380 m. speed= 750 rpm. 110
= 86 %. Jet diameter (d) not exceed
8
one-sixth of wheel diameter.
Or
Pelton wheel with a gross head of
The penstock supplies \\ater from a reservoir to the
in the penstock. The rate of now of
50 m. One third of the gross head is lost in friction
penstock is 2.0m is. The angl e of
3
water through the nozzle fitted at the end of the
n by the water to the runner and
deflection of the jet is 165°. Determine the.power give
speed ratio= 0.45 and C,=1.0.
also hydraulic efficienc} of the Pelton wheel. Take of fluid
of viscosity? Explain different types
3. a) What do you understand by Newton's Law J
flow based on Ne" ton· s L.m of viscosity. the pate.
olic with the ,en;:, 20 cm from
b) If the velocity protile of a fluid over a parab
t} gradients and shear stresses at n distance
where the velocity is I 20cm/s. calculate the \eloc1 5
of the fluid is 8.5poise.
of o, 1o, and 20 cm from the plate, if the viscosit>
Or
e pressure at A is -10.75 kP,,. Find the
In the arrangement shown in figure below. the gaug
ht of water =9.S I kNfm' and speciiic
specific gravity of the liquid B. take the specific weig
gravity of the liquid in the pipe = 1.62.

G --- ·2•7 05m

pa= -10 •75 kF'a

2 •500 m 2 , 394 nl
F

2 •015 m Liqu id a
C

Sp 9m =- l . 62
 ·ty o g is flo\ving throt1gh
. ilic grav1 · a
Q.3[a] An oil of spe~ inlet diameter 20 cm and throat diameter J
. ., vcnturi1nctcr hn\'tng . d' ffcrcntial manometer shows "
10 c1n The oil mcrcUJ y 1 . a '_..:,
· , 1. tlate the discharge of 011 through the ,
reading of 25 cin. ca cl ._"'
hori1ontal vent1iri1netcr take cd 0.9 8 . .
. .· d deinerits of ventunmeter with respect
[b] Discuss the n1er its an
to orifice meter.
Define continuity equation and Bernoulli, s equation. '
~
h
.
•••

•
\
l
-
{c1

·--- - Q.4[a]- of 15 cm
Calculate the loss of head in a pipe having diameter
_ -~ r · -.· _. and length 2 km. It carries laminar flow of oil specific gravity
0.85 and viscosity of 6 stokes at the rate of 30.48 11sec.
- [b] Derive the derivation for Laminar flow between two parallel
r
plates and sho\v the velocity distribution and shear stress
variation
[c] Derive the derivation for velocity distribution in turbulent
flov~ in pipes. Explain the p.ydro dynamically smooth and
rough boundary. ·
Q.S(a] . The cross section of a p· .
ipe carry1ng a o-iven dischar0 e l.=>
:~~enly e~larged. What would be the rati~ of two dian1:ter,
e pipe if the magnitude 0 f th l
of seclio • . e oss of head at this change
n is same irrespect. f ?
Assume Cc o. ivc O the direction of flow.
64
Cb] ExPl am
· ·111 detai I tht! l I I ·
.
1
line with neat sketch. Y( au lie grade line nnd Total energy
[c] Explain water l ,
1t1mn1cr pr
rapid closure and 1 CSSur c and derive derivation for
s ow closure.
 ·-[ ~ 7- Roll No .... .... ........ .
To tal No . of Pages 02
B.Tecb.lCD
: SEMESTER
ES TE R EX AM IN AT IO N M ay /J un .ei2Q l9 ,. r~.! "''V•: ~
ND SE M 11

CE -2 11 t-. FL UI D ME CHAN IC S .,n,• It ,:--~ ·•:.II -~.,, j_, - {. :

Max. Ma rks : 70 .. . ,
Tim e: 3:0 0 Ho urs
es tio n by Se lec tin g an y tw o pa rts fro m reach · i,1,~" - : :
No te :A ns we r all qu l l "l:" ''- ,nu. N.'I\ I '
_1 .'
Questions.
tt:- , • ,.. ,<t., • • -r· • ,
qu es tio ns ca rry eq ua l ma rks .
All . t. ,
ble mi ss ing da ta, if an y.
As su me su ita
the dif fer enc e bet we en dy nam ic ·v1sco sity... ~d -. : .~
Q.1 [a] \\'h at is
of measurements. -
kin em ati c viscosity ? State their units
ian fluids
[b] De fin e Ne \\i on ian an d non-Newton
[c] Fin d ou t the minimum size of glass
tube that ca n used tobe
rise in the tub e is to be
me asu re \Vater level if the capillary
tension of \Vater in
res tri cte d to 2mm. consider surface
co nta ct wi th air as 0.073575 Ni m

Q. 2[a ] De fin e Follo,ving

(i) Steady flow
(ii) Unsteady flow
(iii) Un ifo rm flow 1' I I

(iv) No n uniform flo,v

is flowing is ha,,ing
[b] A pip e through \Vhich the ,vater
cross sec tio ns l and 2, ·
dia me ter s 20 cm and 10 cm at the
at section ·1 ts given .. ' ·
respectively. The velocity of ,vatcr
s. fin d the vel oci ty hea d at sec tio ns •l an d 2,:· ~~' ~~. s':r::.~.
40 m/
arg e. . ., ~--, -, -.-,s~1r,i ·• .1

rat e of dis ch
the fol\o,yin~ YeJQ.CAty. : .,. de,
[c] A steady two dimensional flo,,· ha s
,.
fieW •l n bi ' •·tl·.' tli.:- .rici:- t , , ml •
U= 2x 1·3y-5 I \'

v- 5x-2y-9
int ( 1, 1)
Determine the acceleration at the po
Q.N o.3 . (a) Wh at are flow nets?
(b) Wh at are the properties of flow net s?
(c) Ho,v the discharge is calculated by flow nets .
As an example, draw a diag ram sho win g flow
nets and
Lab el the m wit h various symbols and sho ,v the
Respective calculations and equations.

2+3 +5= 10 Ma rks

 -
Total No of pages : 1 R'oll No. ----- ----- -
FOUR.TI• <;E\ffiSTER B. Tech. [ENVTR O"-~fENTJ
MID SE\1ESTER EXA~HNATION (MARCH 2020)

EN-20S: FLUID MECHNICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINES

Tllvffi: I Hour 30 minutes MAX. M ARKS: 20
'\J'OTE: Answer ALL Questions.
Assume suitable missing data. if any

1 (a) Explain the various types of fluid with examples and neat sketches.
(b) What is lhe difference between dynamic viscosity and kinematic viscosi
ty? Stare their units
of measurements .

{c) A rectangular plane surface is 2 m wide and 3 m deep. It lies in vertica

l plane in water. 3
Dete:-mine to:al pressure and position of center of pressure on rhe plane surfac
e when r~
upper edge is horizontal and coincides with water surface . >

: (a) Define the velocity potential function and stream funct ion with examples.
.
. . . .
(b) Differentiate between the Eulerian and Lagrangian methods of representing
fluid
now.

(c) The velocity vector in a fluid flow is given by

3
V = t. x3 i -10 x1y j -2t k.
Find the velocity and accelecation'o f a fluid particle ac (2, I, 3) at t-1.
3 (e) An oil ofspecific gravity 0.8 is flowing through a venturimeter having
inlet diame
ter 3
20 cm and through diameter 10 cm. The 'oil mercury differential manometer
shows
a readings of 25 cm. Calculate the discharge of oil through the horizo
ntal
vcnrurimeter. Take ~= 0.98.

(b) Define the viscosity and explain the Newton's law of viscosity.
• (c) Differe
ntiate between venturi meler and orifice meter with neat sketches.

4 (a) Define lhe viscosity and explain the Newton's law of viscosity.
2
(b) A pitote-tube placed al the center of 300 mm pipe line has one orifice
pointing 3
upstream an~ other pc!'J'cndicular JQ it. The mean velocity in pipe is o.80
or the
central velocit~. Fin~ the discharge through the pipe if the pressure differe
nce
between tow onlic~s 1s 60 mm of water. Take the coefti cient of pi tote-tube
0.98. as Cv =

- E,ND -