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RIGHTEOUSNESS AND EXCELLENCE

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GRADE 11

Second Semester (3RD Quarter)

Week 1

Chapter 1
Introduction to Personal Development

NAME: ________________________________
GRADE & SECTION: ____________________________________
SUBJECT TEACHER: ____________________________________
 I. INTRODUCTION

A. OVERVIEW

Personal development has given birth to many related businesses that span
the globe. It includes image enhancement such as skin care and makeup,
fashion and clothing, and even body contouring; modelling and beauty
pageants; many others.

• Human Development and Personal Development

• What is Personal Development?

• Origins of Personal Development

TOPIC OUTLINE
• Psychology and Personal Development

• Personal Development in Adolescence

•Spirituality and Religious Beliefs in Personal Development

B. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

a. Understand and explain in your own words what personal development is;
b. Understand and explain the psychological basis of personal development;
c. Relate the concept of personal development to your own experiences as an adolescent;
d. Express your spiritual and religious beliefs and how these influence your personal
development;

1. Explain that knowing oneself can make a

person accept his/her strengths and
limitations and dealing with others better
2. Share his/her unique characteristics,
habits, and experiences
3. Discuss the relationship among
physiological, cognitive, psychological,
spiritual, and social development
4. Evaluate his/her own thoughts, feelings,
and behaviors
5. Show the connections between thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors in actual life
situations

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

II. PRETEST
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer on the space provided before the number.

_1. A person’s motivation to reach his or her full potential.

a. Esteem
b. Love/belonging
c. Self-actualization
d. Physiological
_2. The following words are three aspects of human development. Except for?

a. Physical
b. Cognitive
c. Psychosocial
d. Self-learning
_3. It serves as the foundation of personal development.

a. Psychology
b. Psychosocial
c. Physiological
d. Psychologist
_4. The inborn traits passed on by the generations of offsprings from both sides of
the biological parents' families.

a. Heredity
b. Environment
c. Maturation
d. Personality Development
_5. Is the world outside of ourselves and the experiences that result from our
contact and interaction with this external world.

a. Heredity
b. Environment
c. Maturation
d. Personal Development
_6. Is the natural progression of the brain and the body that affects the cognitive,
psychological, and social dimensions of a person.

a. Heredity
b. Environment
c. Maturation
d. Personal Development
_7. Defined as a process in which persons reflect upon themselves, understand
who they are, accept what they discover about themselves, and learn new sets of values,
attitudes, behavior, and thinking skills to reach their fullest potential as human beings.

a. Heredity
b. Environment
c. Maturity
 d. Personal Development
_8. The study of human thinking and behavior, serves as a foundation for personal
development.

a. Maturity
b. Psychology
c. Psychologist
d. Self-actualization

_9. The two proponents of humanistic psychology were _ and _.

a. Carl Roger and Abraham Maslow

b. Carl Rogers and Abrahams Maslow
c. Carl Rogers and Abraham
Maslow
d. Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmilhalyi

_10. They helped refocus this emphasis of psychology from a disease model
toward what is good and positive about human persons and their desire to achieve their
full potentials.

a. Carl Roger and Abraham Maslow

b. Carl Rogers and Abrahams Maslow
c. Carl Rogers and Abraham
Maslow
d. Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmilhalyi

Human Development and Personal Development

Developmental scientists identified the three aspects or domains of human development
(Papalia & Feldman, 2012) as:

1.physical development, which covers the growth of the body and the brain, motor and
sensory skills, and even physical health;

2. cognitive development, which covers our capacity to learn, to speak, to understand, to

reason, and to create; and

3. psychosocial development, which includes our social interactions with other people, our
emotions, attitudes, self-identity, personality, beliefs, and values.

While human development covers the whole lifespan of human existence in relation to the
three domains, personal development is one's own development and growth within the
context of the three aspects of human development. Human development is also influence by
the following:

 Heredity or the inborn traits passed on by the generations of offsprings

from both sides of the biological parents' families.
 Environment is the world outside of ourselves and the experiences that
result from our contact and interaction with this external world.
 Maturation is the natural progression of the brain and the body that
affects the cognitive (thinking and intelligence), psychological (emotion,
 attitude, and self-identity), and social (relationships) dimensions of a
person. The influence of physical maturation over a person's
development is most pronounced during his or her childhood and
adolescence stages.
Is It Personality Development or Personal Development?

You must be familiar with the term "personality development" and must have heard of learning
places where you could enroll to learn skills like table etiquette, how to sit properly and walk
with grace, how to dress up appropriately, and how to communicate better. In some
personality development centers, they also offer sessions that deal with oneself and how one
relates with others. Training in these skills brings about noticeable transformation and
improvement in one's personality.

Personality development has given birth to many related businesses that span the globe. It
includes image enhancement such as skin care and makeup, fashion and clothing, and even
body contouring; modeling and beauty pageants; and many others.

If personality development is all about these things mentioned above, then what is personal
development?

Let us see how the words "personal, "personality, and "development" are commonly defined.
We will use the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary to serve as our reference.

The word "personal" is defined as:

 belonging or relating to a particular person;

 made or designed to be used by one person;
 someone whose job involves working for or helping a particular person; and
 of, relating to, or affecting a particular person.
Here are some examples given for the word "personal":

 This is just my personal opinion.

 I can only tell you what I know from personal experience.
 We do not accept personal checks.
The word "personality," on the other hand, is defined as:

 the set of emotional qualities, ways of behaving, etc., that makes a person different
from other people;
 attractive qualities (such as energy, friendliness, and humor) that make a person
interesting or pleasant to be with;
 attractive qualities that make something unusual or interesting;
 distinction or excellence of personal and social traits; also a person having such
quality; and
 a person of importance, prominence, renown, or notoriety.
Some examples that are given for the word "personality" are:

 He has a very pleasant personality.

 We all have different personalities.
 He has many personalities.
 He wants to buy a car that has personality.
 She has met many television personalities.
  He was an influential personality in genetic engineering.
And finally, the word "development" is defined as:

 the act or process of growing or causing something to grow or become larger or more
advanced;
 the act or process of creating something over a period of time; and
 the state of being created or made more advanced.

From these definitions, we can see that there is a major difference between personal and
personality. In this book, we will explore together what personal development is all about
and why it is important in our lives.

What Is Personal Development?

Human nature is very complex. There is no singular school of thought in any form of scientific
study, including psychology, which can completely and satisfactorily define human nature.
Although similar to many other living organisms that go through the process of birth, growth,
development, regeneration, and death, human beings are different, as we possess more
complex capabilities such as self-awareness, analytical thinking, self-evaluation, motivation,
decision-making, and reflective thought. These capabilities, beyond mere survival instincts,
are what distinguish the human species from the rest of the physical world.

Human beings have the sole capacity to reflect upon itself, and in the process, develop self-
awareness, become motivated, and then desire to grow and change for the better; and are
prompted to mature and improve until it reaches its desired level of development. It is,
therefore, natural for human beings to develop toward maturity and fullness (Rogers, 1961).

Personal development may be defined as a process in which persons reflect upon

themselves, understand who they are, accept what they discover about themselves, and learn
(or unlearn) new sets of values, attitudes, behavior, and thinking skills to reach their fullest
potential as human beings.

Zorka Hereford (2007), author of the book, 9 Essential Life Skills — A Guide for Personal
Self-Realization, defined personal development as "the process of striving to be the best that
you can be in order to reach and realize your full potential. It is a journey of self-discovery,
self-improvement, and self-realization."

Origins of Personal Development

The evolution of the understanding of human development may have started eons ago
when the first Homo sapiens walked the face of the earth. The cavemen who drew figures on
their cave walls attempted to narrate their experiences such as hunting.

The act of drawing can be deemed as an attempt toward creative expression and narration. It
was during the time of the Western philosophers, particularly the Greek thinkers, when
questions about the self and about being human have begun to be asked.

In Republic, which some consider to be the greatest work on the philosophy of education,
Plato argued that building character, as much as intelligence, is what education is all about.
Even during the early times of human development and civilization, there was already an
attempt to link individual development with social responsibility (Young Adult Learners
Partnership, 2003). This could be the seeds of personal development in Western thinking that
eventually evolved into the Human Potential Movement in the 1960s, influenced by popular
philosophies at that time: existentialism and humanistic psychology.

Eastern thought may have understood personal development through another concept. In
Confucian philosophy, the great Chinese being will always desire to become the "superior
man," not just to his peers and followers, but also to himself most especially (The Ethics of
Confucius, 2014).

Even religions may have influenced personal development through their adherence to many
rituals in self-discipline, meditation, prayer, physical exercises such as yoga and fasting and
creative acts of expressions such as singing, dancing, and acting.

Psychology and Personal Development

Psychology, being the study of human thinking and behavior serves as a foundation for
personal development.

The school of thought that gave birth to the contemporary understanding of personal
development started during the flourishing of humanistic and positive psychology in the
1950’s which dealt with personal growth and meaning as a way of reaching one's fullest
potentials.

The two proponents of humanistic psychology were Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.
While Maslow theorized the five stages of human development based on hierarchy of needs,
peaking in what he termed as "self-actualization," Carl Rogers, in his psychotherapy practice,
theorized that "the individual has within himself the capacity and the tendency, latent if not
evident, to move forward toward maturity" (Rogers, 1961).

As humanistic psychology waned in the late 1970s, it was eventually revived decades later.
Martin Seligman, a noted psychologist and president of the American Psychological
Association, realized how psychology, after the Second World War, puts more emphasis in
diagnosing, treating, and preventing psychological disorders and therefore focusing on a
disease model of human nature.
Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi helped refocus this emphasis of psychology
from a disease model toward what is good and positive about human persons and their desire
to achieve their full potentials. Positive
psychology also created a balance between
what humanistic psychology emphasized: that
human nature is basically good, while adding
that human nature includes both the positive and
the negative aspects.

In short, positive psychology stresses that

human nature has its good and positive
strengths, as well as its inadequacies and
weaknesses (Peterson, 2006).

The Positive Psychology Center of the University

of Pennsylvania defines positive psychology as
the scientific study of the strengths and virtues
that enable individuals and communities to thrive. The field is founded on the belief that
people want to lead meaningful and fulfilling lives, to cultivate what is best within them, and to
enhance their experiences of love, work, and play. You may want to explore this website
advocating positive psychology: https://happify.com

Personal Development in Adolescence

While personal development

falls within the realm of
psychology, it cannot be
detached from the
development of the brain and
the rest of the physical body.

Adolescence is the transition

period between childhood and
early adulthood. Although
scientists and psychologists
may slightly differ in pegging the exact age of adolescence, it is widely believed to be
between ages 11 or 12, and lasting to about 18 years of age (Feist & Rosenberg, 2012).

In the Philippine context, authors Corpuz, Lucas, Borabo, and Lucido (2010) defined the three
stages of adolescence as:

 Early adolescence between 10 and 13 years of

age
 Middle adolescence between 14 and 16 years
of age
 Late adolescence - between 17 and 20 years
of age
Activity #1

While personal development falls within the realm of psychology, it cannot be detached from
the development of the brain and the rest of the physical body. Search on the Internet the
video Ted Talks The Hidden Power of Smiling by Ron Gutman. Watch the video and give
your insights about it.

Additional Information

Adolescence starts with the biological changes called puberty. The physical body undergoes
growth spurts at this time, for both male and female, leading toward physical maturity.

Biological changes bring about cognitive (thinking and reasoning) and affective (feelings and
emotions) changes. The child, who has reached adolescence, is now capable of reasoning
about abstract concepts and problems. At this point, the adolescent becomes more inquisitive
about things like philosophy, religion, and politics. This is also the stage when adolescents
begin to ask questions about their identity. Relationships with family and friends are also
affected by puberty during adolescence. Friends become the center of relationships more
than family (Feist & Rosenberg, 2012).

Spirituality and Religious Beliefs in Personal Development

As we have discussed personal development in the psychological, social, and biological

contexts, it is also important to consider the spirituality and religious beliefs of a person, and
how these influence personal development.

Feist and Rosenberg (2012) infer that during adolescence, young people will start asking
about abstract questions, like about politics or religion, and eventually form their own beliefs.
This reflection is left to the student to find out how his or her religious beliefs influence one's
identity development and understanding of personal development. Personal development
may be approached from different religious perspectives: Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism,
Islam, and Judaism, among others, who teachings may serve as the core or basis in
developing one's self.

Let's Dig In!

1.How is personal development linked to psychology?

2. Give some popular slogans or phrases that are attributable to positive psychology such as
"Think Positive."

3. How does the age and stage of development of a person influence his or her personal
development?

4. Relate your spiritual and/or religious beliefs to personal development. How does this
manifest in terms of your day-to-day behavior at home? In school?
Let’s Elaborate!

1. How would you relate Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs to your personal life?

2. How can positive psychology help you become happier?

3. What are your personal experiences as an adolescent in terms of the way you think,
reason, feel, and the way you express yourself?

Let’s Evaluate!

1. In Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, where do you find yourself? What needs are being met?
What needs are not yet being met? What do you have to do to fulfill your needs so that you
can move closer toward self-actualization?

2. What are your concerns as an adolescent?

3. What is the definition of happiness? How is this related to your personal development?

ASSESSMENT

Answer TRUE if the statement is true and FALSE if contrary.

_1. Psychology serves as foundation of personal development.

_2. Spiritual and religious beliefs influence personal development.

_3. It is widely believed that the adolescent age spans from 11 or 12, up to age 21 to 22.

_4. Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow are the lead proponents of humanistic psychology.

_5. Personal development is a natural process happens in every person.

_6. Physical, cognitive, and psychological are the three aspects of human development.

_7. Abraham Maslow introduced the Hierarchy of Needs to Theorize the Five Stages of
Human Development.

_8. Self-learning is a person’s motivation to reach his or her full potential.

_9. Corpuz, Lucas, Borabo, and Lucio (2010) defined the three stages of adolescence.

_10. Middle adolescence is between 14 and 16 years of age.

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET (LAS)

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
1. There is a blank section named "Reflection Page" where you can write down what you
have learned and your reflections on the topics discussed. This may serve as your journal
entry, which you will continue to do throughout the year. In the journal, write down your
thoughts, feelings, and realizations about the lesson. Pay special attention to what kinds of
emotions you are feeling and how these are affecting your thoughts about yourself. List down
things about yourself that you would like to improve and create a work plan on how to do it.

Reflection Page

2. In addition, ask three persons (friends, family members, classmates, or neighbors) on what
they understand about personal development and compare this with your own understanding
and experiences.

References:

 Personal Development – pg. 1 – 11

 Writer: Ricardo Rubio Santos

Prepared by:

ASNAIRAH R. MONTAÑER
Grade 11 Teacher
Senior High School Department

Submitted to:

CARL POBLADOR, LPT

Personal Development Coordinator

Consolidated by:

RAFUNZEL DELA CRUZ

Department Head
Grade 11

Approved by:

EDSEL M. MIRAMBIL, M.A.Ed., LPT

Principal