BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Dr. Amr Elbanna

2
Design of Built-up sections

Example
For the shown bridge cross section, calculate the maximum moment and
shear on an intermediate cross girder and design the cross girder using B.U.S
if S= 5.0 m. use Steel 52.

3
Design of Built-up sections

Example
Solution
1- Dead Loads

76.95  8.55  68.4m.t

25.65t
4
Design of Built-up sections

Example
Solution
2- Live Loads
a. The designed cross girder is usually the middle cross girder.
b. Put the load near the studied cross girder.

5
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
2- Live Loads
c. Take strips perpendicular to stringer, get reaction.

6
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
2- Live Loads
c. Take strips perpendicular to stringer, get reaction.

7
 Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
2- Live Loads
 Apply loads from ( C ) on cross girder, get maximum M.

M L . L (conc.)  26.4(2  3)  17.6(2.5  1.5) 

8.80(1.5  0.5)  220m.t

M L.L (dist.+ve)  4.5(5.9375  1.4375) 

1.25(3.0625  7.5625)  46.46875m.t

4
M L.L (dist.-ve)  2.5*  5m.t
2

8
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
2- Live Loads
 Apply loads from ( C ) on cross girder, get maximum Q.

QL. L  26.4(0.7919  0.9583)  17.6(.7083  .5417)  8.80(.4583  .2917) 

4.5* 2.625  1.25*3.375  2.5* 0.1667  91.253 t
9
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution

M max  M dl  M LL  68.4  220  46.47  334.87m.t

M fatigue  (0.70 M LL conc. )  (0.30M LL dist.+ve ) - (0.30M LL dist. -ve)

 (0.7 * 220)  (0.3* 46.47)  (0.3  5)  169.44m.t

Q max  Qdl  Q LL  25.65  91.25  116.9t

10
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
L 12
Calculate Web depth    1.2m
10 10
Calculate Web thikness
dW 830 120 830
From selenderness,    tW 1  0.52Cm
t 1 Fy tW 1 Fy
Qd ll  I 116.9
From shear,  0.35 Fy 
 0.35  3.6  tW 2  0.77Cm
dW  tW 2 120 tW 2
dW 190 120 190
From web buckling,  ,   tW 3  1.2Cm
tW 3 Fy tW 3 Fy

From the previous Values t w  1.20Cm

Get FSr
N  2, 000, 000 , Detail B
 FSr  1.12t / Cm 2 11
 Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
Get Flange Dimension

M max 343.87*100
C or T= =  292.4t
0.98d w 0.98*120

C 292.4
0.58Fy  , 2.1 
 1   1 
b *t
 f f  d t
w w  b *t
 f f  *120*1.2  48
 6   6 

bf * t f =115.24cm 2

take bf =20t f so 20t f *t f =115.24 , t f =2.4cm

bf  48cm
tW  dW3
 2b f  t f  dW / 2  t f / 2   cm 4
2
IX 
12
1.2 1203
 2* 48* 2.4 120 / 2  2.4 / 2   1035860 cm4
2
IX  12
12
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
Checks
1  Check max stresses
M d 343.87*100
f max = max ( w +t f ) = (62.4)
Ix 2 1035860
=2.07 t/cm 2 < 0.58Fy =2.1t/cm2

2- Check stress range

M d 169.44*100
Fsr  fatigue ( w +t f )  (62.4)
Ix 2 1035860
 1.02 t / cm 2  Fsr  1.12 t / cm 2

3- Check shear stress

Qmax 116.9
qmax  
( hw * tw ) (120*1.2)
 0.81 t / cm 2  0.35Fy  1.26 t / cm 2
13
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
Checks
Check Stability of Web Buckling
d1 2.0
1- Calculate     1.667
d 1.2
4.00
2- Calculate K q  5.34  2 if   1

4.00
K q  5.34   6.78
1.667 2
dw / tw Fy 120 /1.2 3.6
3- Calculate, q    1.28  1.2
57 Kq 57 6.78
 0.9 
4- Calculate, qb    0.35Fy Where q  1.2
 q 
 
 0.9 
qb     0.35  3.6  0.886 t / cm
2

 1.28 
Qd ll  I 116.9
5- Check Shear Stresses   0.812t / cm 2 < 0.886t / cm 2
dW  tW 120 1.2 14
Design of Built-up sections

Example
For the shown bridge cross section, calculate the maximum moment and
shear on the main girder and design the main girder using B.U.S if S= 5.0m
and L=30m. use Steel 52.

15
Design of Built-up sections

Example
Solution
1- Dead Loads

WDL  (t avg * c  FC  Wsteel str. )  Half bridge width

Wsteel inside  150  4L  0.03L2  150  4 *30  0.03*302  297Kg / m 2
Wsteel outside  100  3L  100  3*30  190kg / m 2

WDL  (0.21* 2.5  0.175  0.297) *6

 (0.21* 2.5  0.175  0.190) * 2  7.762t / m

L2 302
M DL  WDL *  7.762 *  873.225m.t
8 8
L 30
QDL  WDL *  7.762*  116.43t
2 2
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Design of Built-up sections

Example
Solution
2- Live Loads
a. The designed main girder.
b. Put the load near the studied main girder.

17
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
2- Live Loads
c. Take strips perpendicular to main girder, get reaction.

18
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
2- Live Loads
 Apply loads from ( C ) on main girder, get maximum M.

19
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution

M max  M dl  M LL  873.225  612  482.58  1967.805m.t

M fatigue  (0.70 M LL conc. )  (0.30M LL dist.+ve )

 (0.7 *612)  (0.3* 482.58)  573.174m.t

Q max  Qdl  Q LL  116.43  147.67  264.1t

20
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
L 30
Calculate Web depth    3.0m
10 10
Calculate Web thikness
dW 830 300 830
From selenderness,    tW 1  1.3Cm
t 1 Fy tW 1 Fy
Qd ll  I 264.1
From shear,  0.35 Fy 
 0.35  3.6  tW 2  0.7Cm
dW  tW 2 300 tW 2
dW 365 300 365
From web buckling,  ,   tW 3  1.6Cm
tW 3 Fy tW 3 Fy

From the previous Values t w  1.60Cm

Get FSr
N  2, 000, 000 , Detail B
 FSr  1.26t / Cm 2 21
 Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
Get Flange Dimension

M max 1967.805*100
C or T= =  669.32t
0.98d w 0.98*300

C 669.32
0.58Fy  , 2.1 
 1   1 
b *t
 f f  d t
w w  b *t
 f f  *300*1.6 
 6   6 

b f * t f =238.73cm 2

take bf =20t f so 20t f *t f =238.73 , t f =3.5cm

bf  70cm
tW  dW3
 2b f  t f  dW / 2  t f / 2   cm 4
2
IX 
12
1.6  3003
 2*70*3.5  300 / 2  3.5 / 2   14884250.8333 cm 4
2
IX  22
12
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
Checks
1  Check max stresses
M d 1967.805*100
f max = max ( w +t f ) = (153.5)
Ix 2 14884250.834
=2.0293 t/cm2 < 0.58Fy =2.1t/cm2

2- Check stress range

M fatigue d w 573.174 *100
Fsr  ( +t f )  (153.5)
Ix 2 14884250.834
 0.59 t / cm 2  Fsr  1.26 t / cm 2

3- Check shear stress

Qmax 264.1
qmax  
(hw * tw ) (300*1.6)
 0.55 t / cm 2  0.35Fy  1.26 t / cm2
23
Design of Built-up sections
Example
Solution
Checks
Check Stability of Web Buckling
d1 1.67
1- Calculate     0.555
d 3.0
5.34
2- Calculate K q  4.00  2 if   1

5.34
K q  4.00   21.65
0.552
dw / tw Fy 300 / 1.6 3.6
3- Calculate, q    1.34  1.2
57 Kq 57 21.65
 0.9 
4- Calculate, qb    0.35Fy Where q  1.2
 q 
 
 0.9 
qb     0.35  3.6  0.845 t / cm
2

 1.34 
Qd ll  I 264.1
5- Check Shear Stresses   0.55t / cm2 < 0.845t / cm2
dW  tW 300 1.6 24
 Curtailment of flange plate

Curtailment in flange Curtailment in flange Curtailment in flange

width only thickness only width and thickness

In small spans <12ms No curtailment is required .

1
For spans 12-30ms Once curtailment @ L .
6
1 1
For large spans  30ms Two curtailment @ L and L . 25
4 9
Curtailment of flange plate

If L < 30.0m

Mx dw
0.58Fy = ( +t f )
Ix 2

Get I x new, and bf new

26
Curtailment of flange plate
Example

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Bolted Field splice
Bolted Connection

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Bolted Field splice
Bolted Connection

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Bolted Field splice
Example

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Bolted Field splice
Example

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Bolted Field splice
Example

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Bolted Field splice
Example

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Bolted Field splice
Example

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