Learner’s Activity Sheet

Science (Quarter III – Week 3)

Name: _____________________________________ Grade and Section: _______________
Teacher: ___________________________________ Date: _____________________________
School: _________________________________________________________________________

Dear Learner,

Good day!
In this week, you will learn to describe how the nervous system
coordinates and regulates these feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis.
S10LT-IIIc-36

Specifically, you will learn the following to:

1. identify what is homeostasis;
2. determine the cause and effect in the given situation; and
3. give the specific reaction/s of the body in a given situation.

In this lesson, taking good care of one’s body is being integrated.

Your Teacher

Regulation of Feedback Mechanism for Homeostasis

by the Nervous System
Instructions: Study each set of diagrams showing different
Activity 1
organs of the human body. Then, determine which organ
does not belong to the group by naming it and answer the
given questions found at the right side of the picture. (15
points)

A
Which organ does not belong?
_________________________________________________

Why the organ should not be included in the

group?
_________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________

1
10
 B
Which organ does not belong?
__________________________________________________

Why the organ should not be included in the

group? ___________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

C
Which organ does not belong?
__________________________________________________

Why the organ should not be included in the

group? ___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

Activity 2 Instructions: Answer the questions briefly. (5 points)

1. If we remove one organ which is not belong to picture A, in what system
does the 3 organs in picture A belongs?
________________________________________________________________
2. In what picture does the 3 organs in picture A coordinates to regulate
homeostasis specifically the lowering of temperature of the internal organs
such as by producing sweat to cool the body down?
__________________________________________________________________
3. Why do you say so?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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Activity 3 Instructions: Please practice your writing skills by copying
this on your notebook.

Role of the Nervous System in Regulating Feedback

Mechanisms to Maintain Homeostasis

All the organ systems in the body work together to maintain a stable
internal environment. Homeostasis is the tendency of an organism to
maintain a stable, relatively constant internal balance or equilibrium by self-
regulation (OpenStax College 2013). Homeostatic control mechanisms have
at least three components: a receptor, the control center, and effector.
Control centers are in the central nervous system. The hypothalamus is a
portion of the brain that plays a significant role in maintaining homeostasis;
it is involved in many functions of the autonomic nervous system, and it
serves as a link between the nervous system and the endocrine system
(Sargis 2015).

The nervous system coordinates and regulates bodily functions. By

functioning together, the organ systems can provide the cells with the
energy they need, remove their wastes, maintain the body temperature, pH,
and other conditions right for the body to support life.

Figure 1: Homeostatic Control System in Feedback Mechanism.

When change occurs in a system or environment, the receptors sense

changes, or environmental stimuli, sending the information to the control
center (in most cases, the brain), where it generates a response that is sent
to an effector. The effector (muscle or a gland) will then carry out the
required response to bring it back to normal or increase the output of the
system.

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 Our body systems maintain homeostasis by using feedback
mechanisms. This is primarily through negative feedback loops or can be by
positive feedback loops.

Negative Feedback Loop

The negative feedback loop is a type of feedback in which a change in

the environment or the stimulus in a direction results to a change in the
opposite direction. The system’s output acts to reduce the process to lessen
the output bringing a system back to its level of normal functioning. The
negative feedback loop is the most used feedback loop in the body.
Examples of negative feedback loops are thermoregulation, blood sugar
regulation, osmoregulation, and blood pressure regulation.

Figure 2: Homeostasis in Thermoregulation.

When you feel hot, or have a fever, the body’s temperature rises
(stimulus), the skin (receptor) and brain sense the change. The brain
(control center) triggers a command to the skin (effector) to sweat (response)
and the blood vessels (effector) near the skin surface to dilate to give off
more heat (response). These responses lower the body’s temperature. When
the body temperature returns to normal 37°C, the negative feedback will
cause the response to end.
On the other hand, when you are cold or the body temperature is low,
the brain triggers a command to the muscles to shiver, the body hair to
stand on end to produce goosebumps, and for the blood vessels to constrict
to help the body produce and retain heat.

Positive Feedback Loop

Positive feedback loop is a type of feedback in which a change in the

stimulus in a direction causes additional change in the same direction; the
output or responses are enhanced or accelerated by an activated stimulus.
This leads to an increase in levels of reaction out of normal ranges. The

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positive feedback loops eliminate or removes the stimulus. It is not turned
off until the stimulus is completely removed.

Examples of positive feedback loops are contraction of the uterus

during childbirth, blood clotting, lactation or milk production, and
ovulation.

Figure 3: The Birth of the Human Infant.

During childbirth, the oxytocin hormone produced by the pituitary

gland causes contraction of the uterus. The pain produced is sensed by the
nervous system. The brain stimulates the pituitary gland to release more
oxytocin until the contractions will be powerful enough to cause childbirth.
Childbirth is a positive feedback loop because it maintains the direction of
the stimulus and accelerates it.

Activity 4 Instructions: Answer the questions briefly and concise

(15 points)

1. What might happen to a person when the nervous system fails to

regulate and maintain homeostasis?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Suppose you are in a dessert. How does the nervous system respond
to the increase of environmental temperature to maintain
homeostasis?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

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 3. Your friend Mikael skipped his lunch, and you have a P.E class right
after the lunch break. What part of the nervous system is the
responsible in regulating and signaling his body to cope up the low
blood sugar level?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

RUBRICS for scoring

Score
5 All ideas are related to the topic and well organized.
3 Some ideas are related and are illogically arranged.
1 Ideas are not related

Instructions: Given the situation below and its effect/s on

Activity 5
the body, determine how the body reacts to maintain
homeostasis. The first one was done for you. (15 points)

Situation Effect/s on the Reaction/s of the body

body

1. Doing physical It makes the heart Sweating, drinking cold

activities such as beats faster and beverages, fanning one's
walking, jogging, increases body self
and dancing. temperature

2. Eating salty foods Increases electrolyte

like potato chips, fish concentration of the
cracker, or dried fish body

3. Consumption of Frequent urination

alcoholic beverages and severe thirst
such as beer and
wine.

4. Skipping a meal Increased energy

and not eating on expenditure and
time elevate blood sugar
level

5. Eating too many Increases blood sugar

sweets such as cakes, level that can lead to
candies, and obesity
chocolates
References:
1. K to 12 Most Essential Learning Competencies

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2. Acosta, H.D.et al. (2015). Science-Grade 10 Learner's Material. Pasig City:
Department of Education.
3. Morimoto,S.L.T.(2020).Science-Grade 10.SLM.Quarter-Module 3: Nervous
System in Action Retrieved on January 17, 2022 from
http://drive.google.com/drive/mobile/folders/
1adquozybqQNDR3hbbNA49xgAyDzftGWj

CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that my child has successfully done all the
activities included in this Learning Activity Sheet.

__________________________________ ____________________
Name and Signature of the Parent Date