Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 1

RESEARCH TITLE

Effectiveness of Rice (Oryza sativa) Water and Apple (Malus

domestica) shake as an alternative candy for Good Antioxidant
Source

A Research Proposal
Presented to the
Faculty of the Senior High School – Main Campus
Liceo de Cagayan University
Cagayan de Oro City

—------------------------------------------------------------------------------

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Senior High School Department
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics

—------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deatras, Nhadine
Altaya, Leah Marie
Añasco, Mai Prats
Lim, Margareth Cassandra
Pajaron, Cathlyn Jade
Galupo, Clark Giaan

January 2023
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
1. CHAPTER I. (Introduction)
1.1. Background of the Study
1.2. Objectives of the Study
1.3. Hypothesis
1.4. Significance of the Study
1.5. Scope and Delimitation
1.6. Definition of Terms

2. CHAPTER II. (Review Related Literature)

2.1. Effect of flood in the society
2.2. Importance of permeable pavement
2.3. Pervious Concrete
2.4. Coconut Fiber
2.5. The Increase of Tire Production
2.6. Waste Rubber

3. CHAPTER III.
3.1. Research Design
3.2. Preparation of Fine Crumb Rubber
3.3 Preparation of Pervious Concrete
3.4 Compressive Strength Testing
3.5 Permeability Testing
3.6 Porosity Testing

Chapter 1
The Problem and Its Scope
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 1

Background of the Study

Candy has been a big part of the affordable and convenient desserts that every

person could have. Candies are not limited to only one flavor, and its diversity is

made them popular, not only to children but as well as to adults who just want to

taste something sweet without doing much effort to make similar desserts. The

study from Lindberg  (2020) , eating candy reduced the consumers’ stress and

anxiety and some people treat this as their comfort food. Candies might give people

the convenience to taste variety of flavors at an affordable expenses, over

consuming of this product can lead to several chronic diseases such as diabetes or

any dental related problem.

Negative effect that is due to eating of too much candies includes: Too much

candy can lead to cavities because of its high sugar content. A 2018 study that was

published in the journal Dentistry for Children found that children's consumption of

sugary foods is the primary cause of cavities. Obesity and weight gain can result

from excessive sweets consumption. According to a 2018 study that appeared in

Nutrition Reviews, eating meals with added sugar raised your chance of gaining too

much weight. Lastly, Diabetes, Overindulging in sweets might also raise your risk

of Type 2 diabetes. According to a 2018 study in the journal Diabetologia, eating a

lot of items sweetened with sugar increases your risk of getting Type 2 diabetes

(Malik et al., 2018; Mozaffrian et al., 2018; Gansky et al., 2018)

Although a great deal of study has been done on the health advantages of these

foods, there are gaps in the knowledge regarding their effectiveness as a candy
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 1

substitute in terms of health advantages. Particularly, no study has been done to

evaluate the antioxidant content of these meals when they are used as a candy

alternative. Furthermore, there is a dearth of studies comparing the health

advantages of ingesting these meals as candy alternatives versus doing so in their

original forms. The possible long-term health advantages of using these foods as a

candy substitute also need to be looked into.

The general population as well as health professionals stand to gain from this

research report on the "Effectiveness of Rice water and Apple as an Alternative

Candy for Good Antioxidant Source." The usefulness of rice water and apples as a

substitute for a good antioxidant supply will be discussed in this study article using

data based on scientific studies. It will also shed light on the potential health

advantages as well as the dangers of using them in place of candy. The findings of

this study may benefit public health and the dissemination of evidence-based

guidelines to health professionals regarding the use of rice and apple water as an

alternative to candy as a good source of antioxidants.

Examining the usefulness of rice water and apple as substitute candies for

quality antioxidant sources is the challenge in this study attempts to answer. In this

research, the antioxidant content of these two foods will be analyzed if it can aid

the malnutrition. In addition, the researcher of this study will look into any

potential health advantages of substituting rice water and apple for candy (Wang et

al., 2019; LopezCabrera & Lila, 2019)

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 1

Objectives of the Study

One of the reasons for making candy out of it is to make it more convenient

for people. Furthermore, it is not limited to a specific group of people, but rather

to all ages, including children, and even the elderly.

Rice (oryza sativa) water and apples (malus domestica) are packed with

antioxidants. Antioxidants may protect the skin from free radicals and reduce the

appearance of aging signs.

Pectin, a type of starch found in apples, is a prebiotic. According to the

Cleveland Clinic, they help the "good" bacteria and feed them. Hormone

production and our immune function are also stimulated and strengthened. It also

improves the gain of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. Apple also has

fructose that will give our candy sweetness just like other candy. Fructose benefits

on our glycemic index that prevent expeditious rose and fall our blood glucose

levels.

Oxidative stress can cause disease including cancer, diabetes, and heart

disease. Antioxidants work to prevent and delay cell damage caused by oxidative

stress (Sharifi-Rad, 2020). By having a Orquama candy, derived by the following

names; oryza (rice), aqua (water), malus (apple), and as a snack, you will surely

have the energy to do your tasks ahead of time while being able to detoxify your

body with its antioxidant components.

Not to mention that a survey by UNICEF Philippines, malnutrition

reportedly kills 95 children in the Philippines each day. Out of every 1,000

Filipino children, 27 die before turning five. Filipino children are stunted, or
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 1

underdeveloped for their age, in one-third of cases. Poverty is one of the key

factors contributing to nutritional deficiencies in the nation, according to the

World Bank.

Orquama candy are affordable and sustainable for children who are

unfortunate and whose parents can’t afford costly food for a reason that they can

only acquire a budget-friendly price for their young ones. This opens a door for

the parents who want their children to obtain good food but do not have the means

to afford it.

Hypothesis

People who eat our candy can lose weight, especially those who want to diet

but are not attracted to delicious desserts because it can gain them vastly weight

and are also ravenous for dishes with rice. Their mood will improve and it will

reduce their stress and anxiety. It can also give us calmness, while masticating

nutritious candy while doing something. They can save more, than buying dietary

supplements, yogurt, and any other snack that seems expensive. Besides from

being a source of antioxidants from this two content, Orquama candy has other

benefits that helps control blood cholesterol levels and can reduce the risk of

disease in our body. Rice (Oryza sativa) water helps our digestion problem. In

addition, it is good for the elderly and other people with diabetes who choose to

eat Orquama candy instead of regular candies. Many individuals may appreciate

Orquama candy for its taste and benefits if this experiment is effective and

receives a lot of favorable feedback.

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 1

Significance of the Study

Scope and Delimitation

Operational Definition of Terms

Chapter II
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 1

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Chapter III
Methodology

Research Design
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 5

RESEARCH MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTS

Research Procedure
 Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 5

References

Carvalho, E., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2020). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of phenolic

compounds from rice water. Molecules, 25(3), 638.

Gansky, S. A., Weintraub, J. A., Ramos-Gomez, F., et al. (2018). The association between dietary habits

and the incidence of dental caries in children: a systematic review. Dentistry for Children, 35(2), 140–

148.

Lopez-Cabrera, M., & Lila, M. A. (2019). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic compound content of

rice water and its application in a beverage. Beverages, 5(3), 58.

Malik, V. S., Popkin, B. M., Bray, G. A., Després, J. P., & Hu, F. B. (2018). Sugarsweetened beverages,

obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease risk.

Diabetologia, 61(11), 2118–2129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4731-z Mozaffarian, D., Hao, T.,

Rimm, E. B., Willett, W. C., & Hu, F. B. (2018). Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain

in women and men. Nutrition Reviews, 76(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuy033

Wang, B., Wu, Y., Cui, Y., & Sun, Y. (2019). The antioxidant activity of apple, cucumber and rice

water: A comparative study. Journal of Food Science, 84(10), 2588- 2592.

Wang, S. D., Devjani, S., Chillakanti, M., Dunton, G. F., & Mason, T. B. (2021). The COMET study:

Examining the effects of COVID-19-related perceived stress on Los Angeles Mothers’ dysregulated
 Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 5

eating behaviors, child feeding practices, and body mass index. Appetite, 163, 105209.

Child survival. (n.d.-b). UNICEF Philippines. https://www.unicef.org/philippines/child-survival

GMA News Online. (2022, January 6). Malnutrition continues to plague many Filipino children |

News |. https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation

/817167/malnutrition-continues-to-plague-many-filipino-children/story/

ssamples@kellencompany.com. (2020, August 6). The Facts on Fructose.

FructoseFacts. http://fructosefacts.org/the-facts-on-fructose

Sharifi-Rad, M. (2020, July 2). Lifestyle, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Back and Forth in the

Pathophysiology of Chronic Diseases.

Frontiers. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2020.00694

Lang, A. B. (2022, January 5). 8 Impressive Health Benefits of Apples. Healthline.

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/10-health-benefits-of-apples

Warrell. (2020, August 10). How Candy Brings You Happiness. Warrell Creations.

https://www.warrellcorp.com/blog/how-candy-brings-happiness/

Morse, R. G. (2019, January 18). Does Washing Your Face with Rice Water Help Your Skin? Healthline.

https://www.healthline.com/health/rice-water-for-skin
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 5

UNIVERSITY RESEARCH PROTOCOLS

• The researchers will seek approval from the adviser.
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School Department 5

• The School Principal will approve the schedule for defense.

• After the proposal defense, the researchers will accomplish the Research Ethics Application
form and submit it to the office of the Vice President of Research, Extension, Planning, and
Innovation together with the approved research proposal.
• The researchers will write letters to secure permission from the Principal/Department
Chairman where the researchers plan to conduct the study.
• The researchers will provide the adviser a copy of their paper for final paper
presentation.
• Once the paper is approved by the adviser, it will forwarded to the Research
Coordinator.
• After the final paper presentation, the researchers shall incorporate all the corrections
and suggestions of the Research Panel. It will be reviewed by the adviser and the
panel members.
• After the paper is approved by the panel, it will be submitted to the office of the VP
for Research, Extension, Planning, and Innovation for Plagiarism and Grammarly Tests.
• The researchers will forward the paper to their assigned editor. After incorporating all
the corrections, the researcher will submit the final paper to the adviser and Research
Panel for signature and approval for binding.
• The researchers will submit the soft bound copies and electronic copy of their final
paper to the Research teacher/adviser. The Research teacher/Adviser shall endorse the
copy to the research Coordinator.