Secretaria Adjunta de Gestão Educacional - SAGE

APOSTILA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA

3º ANO DO ENSINO MÉDIO
6º BIMESTRE
Língua Inglesa
Códigos das habilidades Objeto de conhecimentos
(EM13LGG302) Posicionar-se criticamente
diante de diversas visões de mundo presentes
nos discursos em diferentes linguagens,  Passado simples e passado perfeito;
levando em conta seus contextos de produção
e de circulação.   Interpretação e compressão de texto.
(EF07LI07) - Identificar a(s) informação(ões)-
chave de partes de um texto em língua inglesa
(parágrafos). Compreensão geral e específica:
leitura rápida (skimming, scanning)
(EM13LGG403) - Fazer uso do inglês como
língua de comunicação global, levando em
conta a multiplicidade e variedade de usos,
usuários e funções dessa língua no mundo
contemporâneo.

Professor (a): LICIANE

Nome do aluno (a): MIGUEL DA SILVA BARROS DE FRANÇA

Período: (X) vespertino ( ) matutino ( ) noturno Turma: 3° ano ___

HE MIRAGE OF PEACE
(The Economist, June 22nd-28, 1996)

THERE is a strange fact about attitudes to the IRA in Britain, Ireland, Northern Ireland and elsewhere. 
Since February 9th, when terrorists brought to an end their 17 month  cease fire with a massive bomb in
London's dock lands, the IRA has placed five further bombs in Britain's cities.  One went off, killing the
terrorist who was carrying it.  One produced only a small explosion.  But two failed to explode, one of them
a massive bomb designed to destroy Hammersmith Bridge in London.  During this time, while the IRA was
pursuing its brutal campaign on Britain's mainland, something called a "peace process" was supposedly
under way, in which it was hoped that the IRA's political wing, Sinn Fein, would take part. Only when the
fifth bomb went off on June 15th, and destroyed the centre of Manchester, did the hard truth finally sink
home.  Peace has gone.  Welcome back to war.
This does not mean an end to efforts to achieve a political settlement in Northern Ireland. Indeed,
such efforts should be redoubled.  What the bomb should bring is an end to attempts to include the
terrorists in that settlement. The bombers have confirmed, with clarity and determination, their contempt for
democracy, their refusal to compromise. in a way, that makes things easier: the IRA has shown that
negotiating with it makes no sense.
That must also apply to Sinn Fein.  The immediate response by John Major and John Bruton, the
British and Irish prime ministers, looked straightforward.  They called yet again on Gerry Adams, Sinn
Fein's leader, to choose between backing the bombers or repudiating them forever.  This week he refused
to repudiate them, which means that he remains the IRA's ally.  As long as he sticks to that position, there
must be no dealings with Sinn Fein.  For to maintain official contacts, as the Irish government has done,
and the British government has not yet ruled out, is to imply that a third course is open to discussion.  It
must not be.

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On the fringes, not at the centre

Anyone who doubts the power of the Manchester bomb to destroy Northern Ireland's politics should ask
themselves: what was its purpose?  Beyond the general motive of pressuring Britain to give in, no one has
come up with one, least of all Irish republicans.  For the bomb came at the end of a week which saw the
beginning of the multi-party talks which Sinn Fein has demanded for so long.  Sinn Fein was excluded from
those talks, but only because the IRA had not declared another ceasefire.  Many hoped that such a
declaration was only a matter of time; events seemed to be moving Sinn  Fein's way. The party had scored
its highest vote ever in the May elections, held in preparation for the all-party talks.  The British and Irish
governments had stood by their insistence-in the face of threats of a walk-out by leading unionists-that
George Mitchell, a former American senator whom nationalists trust, serve as chairman of the
negotiations.  The vexed issue of the handing in of terrorist, weapons had been sidelined to a
subcommittee.  The American government, and Irish America, backed the talks.  The Irish government was
fully involved.  But, for the IRA bombers, none of this mattered.
There are-two theories about what is going on in the republican movement One is that the intertwined
leaderships of Sinn Fein and the IRA never meant to abandon violence, but always planned to pursue a
twin-track approach of bombing and negotiation.  But if true, this strategy has failed- or so it would appear.
The alliances with other Irish nationalists and with Dublin which Mr. Adams so carefully nurtured are in
shreds.  Mr. Adams's brilliant courting of Irish America has led, with this bomb, to bitter feelings of
betrayal.  Even republicans in Northern Ireland, most of whom seem as keen on peace as anyone, are
bewildered and demoralized.
The second, and more plausible, theory is that the republican movement is deeply divided between
diehard militarists and those who support Mr. Adams's peace efforts.  For such a division there is plenty of
evidence. Indeed, it would be astonishing if there were no division at all. But for Britain and Ireland, the
policy should be the same whichever theory is correct.  If a split occurs, and Mr. Adams or others choose to
repudiate violence in an unambiguous way, then fine: contact with them can then be resumed. if no split
occurs, then at least everyone will know where everyone else stands. The fatal mistake-and it will be
literally so for some- will be to try to induce a split by maintaining contact or by offering new concessions. 
For that will place the IRA just where it wants to be: in the centre of things, taken seriously, rather than on
the fringes, isolated. Only former terrorists can be involved in democratic politics; not current ones,
promising, one day, to give up their violence. Either way, the advantage must be seized to isolate the
bombers. in the past, the IRA has been able to sustain its campaign only because of a deep-rooted sense
of republican grievance, and fear.  Now, things can be different. There is a forum-the multi-party talks-in
which the remaining grievances can, and should be, dealt with.  A settlement, between everyone except
the terrorists, must be the goal. If war spreads back from Britain into Ulster, republicans will surely know
that the IRA led them away from a peace process which Sinn Fein had proudly claimed as its own, and
away from a negotiating table at which sat all the other parties to the conflict. If their streets are again
patrolled by soldiers, and if they themselves become the targets for loyalist terrorists, it must be made plain
to all concerned that it was the IRA which brought the danger back into republicans' lives.  And for what? 
To restart a battle for Irish unification which their own leaders have said they cannot win, and which the rest
of Ireland, north and south, does not want.  And republicans must know one more thing: that it was not the
British who destroyed Gerry Adams as a credible political leader, but the IRA. Knowing all this, will they
really be able to justify to themselves more years of bloodshed?

I) Please refer to the second paragraph of the article. Its main idea is that:
a) An end should be put to political settlements in Northern Ireland
b) The bomb that destroyed the center of Manchester was not planted by the IRA (X)
c) The bomb should be an encouragement to negotiate with the terrorists
d) The IRA's bombing shows once again that it is useless to negotiate with its leaders
e) There is no political stability in Britain

II)) According to the article, what were the immediate responses by John Major and John Burton?
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a) They refused to comment about the bombing

b) They called upon the Sinn Fein's leader to choose between supporting or repudiating IRA terrorism
forever
c) They spoke to the American President and requested help to fight the IRA
d) They condemned the IRA in the UM (X)
e) They decided to annihilate the Sinn Fein

III) The article discusses a theory about what is going on in the republican movement. This theory
is that:
a) The Sinn Fein has for long abandoned violence

b) The Sinn Fein abandoned violence but the IRA did not
c) The IRA wished to abandon violence but the Sinn Fein prevented it from doing so (X)
d) The Sinn Fein and the IRA are at war with each other
e) The Sinn Fein and the IRA never gave up on violence and decided to continue bombing and
negotiating

IV) There is a second reason about what is going on in the republican movement. A theory is that:

a) The Sinn Fein is deeply divided between those supporting violence and those supporting peace

b) The Sinn Fein and the IRA have united to fight Britain
c) The Sinn Fein has unanimously decided to use violence
d) The Sinn Fein has unanimously decided to negotiate (X)
e) Gerry Adams is no longer the leader of the Sinn Fein

V) The statement, "If no split occurs, then at least everyone will know where everyone else
stands" means approximately the same as:
a) There can be no split within the Sinn Fein (X)

b) The British government knows where the Sinn Fein operates

c) If there is no split within the Sinn Fein, their acts and intentions will be unambigous
d) The Sinn Fein has already split
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e) Gerry Adams' positions regarding his desire to proceed with the peace efforts are clear

VI) The statement, "Only former terrorists can be involved in democratic politics; not current
ones, promising, one day, to give up their violence" means approximately the same as which of
the following:
a) All terrorists should participate in democratic politics, since only by doing so will they end violence

b) Terrorists never promise to give up their violence (X)

c) Former terrorists usually return to perpetrating violent acts
d) Only terrorists who renounce violence should be involved in negotiations with a democratic
government
e) Current terrorists appreciate democratic politics

VII) According to the article, why is the IRA still waging violence against Britain?

a) In order to undermine the Sinn Fein

b) Because it detests the British people
c) In order to intimidate their own leaders
d) To fight for Ireland to be unified
e) In order to intimidate the Irish people

(X)

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VIII) According to the article, who destroyed Gerry Adams as a credible political leader?
a) The British (X)

b) The IRA
c) The United States
d) The United Nations
e) The British press

IX) The article discusses a theory about what is going on in the republican movement. This theory
is that:

a) The Sinn Fein has for long abandoned violence (X)

b) The Sinn Fein abandoned violence but the IRA did not
c) The IRA wished to abandon violence but the Sinn Fein prevented it from doing so
d) The Sinn Fein and the IRA are at war with each other
e) The Sinn Fein and the IRA never gave up on violence and decided to continue bombing and
negotiating

X) Gerry Adams, the Sinn Fein's leader:

a) is a member of the English Parliament

b) planted the bomb in Manchester

c) is a close friend of John Major
d) refused to condemn the bombing in Manchester (X)
e) called for more attacks on Britain

According to the article, what should be Britain's goal towards the IRA?

a) Britain should negotiate with the IRA

b) Britain should realize that the Sinn Fein, not the IRA, is its enemy (X)
c) Britain should keep the terrorists outside the negotiations and settlements

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d) Britain should use violence against the IRA

e) Britain should execute all members of the IRA currently in British jails

XII) Qual das seguintes palavras em inglês quer dizer "medo"?

a) courage

b) fear
c) approach
d) split
e) Deeply (X)

XIII) Qual das seguintes palavras em inglês quer dizer "alvos"?

a) matter

b) approach
c) aura
d) oil
e) Targets (X)

XIV) Qual das seguintes palavras em inglês quer dizer "profundamente"?

a) lightly
b) above
c) beyond
d) deeply
e) funny

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XV) Qual das seguintes palavras em inglês quer dizer "separar"?

a) dealings

b) ally
c) foe
d) enemy
e) split

XVI) Qual das seguintes palavras em inglês quer dizer "dúvida"?

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(X)

(X)

a) soon
b) because
c) Backed (X)
d) matter
e) matter