One of the major international agricultural issues is the challenge of feeding a

growing global population while ensuring sustainability and resilience of food

systems. The world population is projected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050, which will
require a 70% increase in food production to meet the demand. However, this
increase must be achieved without compromising the natural resource base, such as
soil, water, and biodiversity, and while reducing greenhouse gas emissions from
agriculture.

Several factors contribute to this issue, including:

Climate Change: Climate change poses a significant threat to global food security
by altering weather patterns, exacerbating extreme weather events, and increasing
the prevalence of pests and diseases. Climate-smart agricultural practices, such as
conservation agriculture, agroforestry, and crop diversification, can help farmers
adapt to the changing climate while reducing emissions.

Land Degradation: Soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and degradation of land

resources are major challenges for agriculture globally. Land restoration programs,
such as reforestation, conservation agriculture, and sustainable land management,
can help to enhance soil fertility and resilience.

Water Scarcity: Access to water is a critical factor for agricultural productivity

and food security, but water scarcity is becoming increasingly prevalent in many
parts of the world. Sustainable irrigation practices, water harvesting, and
efficient water use technologies can help to conserve water and enhance
productivity.

Trade Barriers: International trade barriers, such as tariffs, subsidies, and non-
tariff measures, can hinder agricultural productivity and access to markets for
small-scale farmers. Addressing these barriers requires international cooperation
and coordination.

Addressing these international agricultural issues will require a multi-stakeholder

approach, involving governments, civil society, private sector, and international
organizations. It will also require the adoption of sustainable agricultural
practices, investments in research and development, and the promotion of inclusive
and equitable food systems.