HYDRAULIC

Hydraulic Circuits

Hydraulic Circuits
The following descriptions and schematics represent a LS
Monolift truck with regenerative lowering, a single res-
ervoir, and electronic power steering. Refer to the Hy-
draulic Schematic chapter for full hydraulic schematics. G1
The Componentry section provides further information
on solenoids.
SVL

Raise and Lower Hydraulic Circuits RV1

• ACCESS 4 supplies LS with +12 V and LS returns

MVL
an analog signal back to ACCESS 4 to calculate
the load on the forks as part of the capacity data P
monitor system.

• MVL is located on the hoist manifold assembly to

manually relieve hydraulic pressure in the hoist cir-
cuit when necessary. When MVL is open, oil flows CV2
from the primary and secondary cylinders back
through the hoist manifold, out to the accessory M2
P1
manifold, then out port T1 to the reservoir.

Hoist Raise Circuit

1. The truck operator requests hoist raise via the
multi-task control handle.
2. The request causes a voltage change across Figure 26426
POT2 to ACCESS 3.
3. Then ACCESS 2 determines the rate of raise.
ACCESS 2 commands M2 to rotate P1 causing oil
to flow from the reservoir at a rate directly propor-
tional to the request.
4. The oil enters the lift pump assembly and passes
through P1.
5. Since SVL is not energized during hoist raise, oil
flows across the check valve envelope of SVL and
exits the hoist manifold.
6. Oil flows to the base of the primary and secondary
cylinders. The ram of the primary cylinder extends
first, followed by the secondary cylinder.
7. Relief valve RV1 protects the lift circuit for exces-
sive lift pressure. If the lift pressure exceeds the
preset factory RV1 pressure setting, the valve
opens and limits the pressure by directing oil flow
out of the tank port to the truck reservoir.
Refer to Figure 24646.

Crown 2011 PF25583-1 M2.0-1460-100

133
HYDRAULIC
Hydraulic Circuits

Flow Limiting Valves

Flow limiting valves at the base of both the primary and
secondary cylinders act as safety devices to prevent
the mast from lowering rapidly in the event of a mast
plumbing rupture. If this event were to occur, the in-
creased rate of oil flow from the mast cylinder causes G1
the flow limiting valve to close, immediately stopping
any rapid lowering of the second and third stages of the SVL
mast, though the carriage would continue to lower at a
controlled rate. RV1

Hoist Lower Circuit MVL

1. The truck operator requests hoist lower via the P
multi-task control handle.
2. The request causes ACCESS 4 to energize the
SVL coil. The valve shifts to create a path for the oil
flow to return from the primary and secondary cyl- CV2
inders, through SVL, P1, CV3, and back into the
reservoir. M2
P1
– Pressurized fluid from the lift cylinder(s) passes
through SVL to the lift pump and causes P1 to
rotate in a reverse direction driving M2 as a
generator.
– A portion of the energy produced by the re-
verse rotation of P1 during lowering is captured
by M2 and returned to the battery. The rate of Figure 26427
P1 rotation (controlled by M2 as directed by
ACCESS 2) controls the rate of oil flow.
– Anti-cavitation valve CV2 is normally closed
during lift or lower operation. However, in the
event of rapid lower and a sudden command to
stop and SVL is de-energized, lift motor M2 in-
ertia may cause P1 to continue to rotate with-
out flow from the lift cylinder. CV2 will then
open to permit oil to circulate within P1 prevent-
ing potential cavitation and damage to P1.

M2.0-1460-101 Crown 2011 PF25583-2

134
 HYDRAULIC
Hydraulic Circuits

Accessory Hydraulics Circuits When SVA energizes and shifts, the reach retract, side-
shift right, and tilt down circuits function.
To provide hydraulic flow to the accessory functions
Figure 26429
during regen lower, and during hoist raise, a separate
pump (P2) and pump motor (M5) are used. Refer to the
Hydraulic Schematic chapter for full hydraulic sche-
matics. The Componentry section provides further in-
formation on solenoids.
G2
Accessory Manifold Assembly CV4
P2
• Port G2 contains a male quick disconnect fitting so
SVA
that a pressure gauge can be connected in the B
event that RV2 needs to be adjusted. RV2
A
• Port G1 contains a male quick disconnect fitting
that is used to read the pressure in the circuit dur- T1
ing adjustment of RV1. Supply Path with SVA Energized
The reach extend, sideshift left, and tilt back circuits
function with SVA de-energized.

G2

CV4
G2 P2
SVA
CV4 B
P2 RV2
SVA A
B
RV2 T1
A

T1 Return Path with SVA Energized

Supply Path with SVA De-Energized
Figure 26429

G2

CV4
P2
SVA
B
RV2
A

T1

Return Path with SVA De-Energized

Figure 26428

Crown 2011 PF25583-3 M2.0-1460-102

135
HYDRAULIC
Hydraulic Circuits

Reach Extend Circuit

Refer to Figure 24648.
1. When the operator requests the reach extend func-
tion via the multi-task control handle, ACCESS 8
powers M5 to rotate P2. Hydraulic oil is drawn from
the reservoir and supplied to the accessory mani-
fold block on the power unit at port P2.
2. The accessory manifold block directs oil flow from
port P2 across CV4 and SVA (not presently ener-
gized by ACCESS 4) and out Port B to the reach
manifold assembly.
3. Oil enters the reach manifold assembly through
port B. The supply oil flows through the check valve
portion of the lower CBV with pilot pressure di-
rected to the relief portion of the upper CBV.
Reach Extend
4. ACCESS 4 or ACCESS 7 (depending upon truck
configuration) causes SVR to shift to allow oil to
Figure 24648
flow to and from the two reach cylinders and allow-
ing oil to flow out port RB on the reach manifold.
5. The oil continues to another small manifold block
located on the top of the rear reach carriage where
it flows into port RB and out ports R1 to the backs
of the reach cylinders.
6. As the piston in each cylinder moves, the rod ex-
tends and the oil in the cylinder housings on the rod
side of the pistons is pushed out of the housings
and into the R2 ports on the small manifold block.
The oil exits the manifold block through RA and en-
ters the reach manifold through RA.
7. This oil flows across SVR to the inlet port of the
upper CBV. Pilot pressure from the pressurized
port B assists in opening this valve to allow the re-
turn oil to flow across and return to the reservoir out
port. The spring on the other side of the valve op-
poses the two pilot oil pressures controlling the
amount of oil that can escape the reach manifold
out port A. This control prevents overrun, a situa-
tion where the forks move too quickly for the com-
mand given.
8. The oil flow from port A of the reach manifold flows
into port A of the main manifold, across SVA and
out port T1 back to the reservoir.

M2.0-1460-103 Crown 2011 PF25583-4

136
 HYDRAULIC
Hydraulic Circuits

Reach Retract Circuit

Refer to Figure 24651. R2
RA
1. When the operator requests the reach extend func- R1
RB
tion via the multi-task control handle, ACCESS 4 R1 R2
SVR
energizes SVA, causing it to shift. ACCESS 8 pow- RA
ers M5 to rotate P2. Hydraulic oil is drawn from the
RB
reservoir and supplied to the accessory manifold CBV SVS
block on the power unit at port P2. A A1 A1 SS2
2. The accessory manifold block directs oil flow from B1 B1 SS1
port P2 across CV4 and SVA (which is energized B SVT
by ACCESS 4) and out Port A to the reach mani-
fold assembly. T2
CBV
3. Oil flows into the reach manifold assembly through T1
port A and through the check valve portion of the
upper CBV pilot pressure directed to the relief por-
tion of the lower CBV. Reach Retract

4. ACCESS 4 or ACCESS 7 (depending upon truck

Figure 24651-01
configuration) causes SVR to energize and shift to
allow oil to flow out port RA on the reach manifold.
5. The oil continues to another small manifold block
located on the top of the rear reach carriage where
it flows into port RA and out ports R2 to the rod
ends of the reach cylinders where it pushes
against the pistons in each cylinder.
6. As the piston in each cylinder moves, the rods re-
tract and the oil in the cylinder housings on the
other side of the pistons is pushed out of the hous-
ings and into the R1 ports of the small manifold as-
sembly. The oil exits the manifold block through
RB and enters the reach manifold through RB.
7. This oil flows across SVR to the inlet port of the
lower CBV. Pilot pressure from pressurized port A
to this CBV opens the CBV valve to allow the return
oil to flow across. The spring on the other side of
the valve opposes the two pilot oil pressures con-
trolling the amount of oil that can escape the reach
manifold out port B. This control prevents overrun,
a situation where the forks move too quickly for the
command given.
8. The oil flow from port B of the reach manifold flows
into port B of the main manifold, across SVA and
out port T1 back to the reservoir.

Crown 2011 PF25583-5 M2.0-1460-104

137
HYDRAULIC
Hydraulic Circuits

Sideshift Left Circuit

Refer to Figure 24652.
1. When the operator requests the sideshift left func-
tion via the multi-task control handle, ACCESS 4
does not energize SVA, keeping it from shifting.
ACCESS 8 powers M5 to rotate P2. Hydraulic oil
from pump P2 is supplied to the accessory mani-
fold block on the power unit at port P2.
2. The accessory manifold block directs oil flow from
port P2 across CV4 and SVA (which is not ener-
gized at this time) and out Port B into the reach
manifold assembly port B. The oil flows across the
lower CBV. With SVR de-energized, oil flows out
port B1 of the reach manifold and into port B1 of
the tilt/sideshift manifold.
3. ACCESS 4 or ACCESS 7 (depending upon truck Sideshift Left
configuration) energizes and shifts SVS, allowing
oil to flow through SVS and out port SS1. Figure 24652

4. This oil enters the left side of the sideshift cylinder

and pushes against the piston, causing the rod to
extend and the carriage to shift to the left. As the
piston in the cylinder moves, the oil in the cylinder
on the other side of the piston is pushed out of the
cylinder housing and into port SS2 of the tilt/side-
shift manifold.
5. The oil flows across SVS, out port A1 of the tilt/
sideshift manifold, into port A1 of the reach mani-
fold assembly and to the inlet of the upper CBV.
Pilot pressure to this CBV assists the pilot pressure
from the supply side in opening this valve to allow
the return oil to flow across and out port A.
6. Oil flows back into port A of the accessory manifold
and out port T1 to the reservoir.

M2.0-1460-105 Crown 2011 PF25583-6

138
 HYDRAULIC
Hydraulic Circuits

Sideshift Right Circuit

Refer to Figure 24653.
1. When the operator requests the sideshift right
function via the multi-task control handle,
ACCESS 4 energizes SVA, causing it to shift.
ACCESS 8 powers M5 to rotate P2. Hydraulic oil
from pump P2 supplies hydraulic oil to the acces-
sory manifold block on the power unit at port P2.
2. The accessory manifold block directs oil flow from
port P2 across CV4 and SVA (which is energized
and shifted) and out Port A to the reach manifold
assembly. The oil flows across the upper CBV.
With SVR de-energized, oil flows out port A1 of the
reach manifold and into port A1 of the tilt/sideshift
manifold.
Sideshift Right
3. ACCESS 4 or ACCESS 7 (depending upon truck
configuration) energizes and shifts SVS, allowing
oil to flow through SVS and out port SS2. Figure 24653

4. This oil enters the rod side of the sideshift cylinder

and pushes against the piston, causing the rod to
retract and the carriage to shift to the right. As the
piston in the cylinder moves, the oil in the cylinder
on the other side of the piston is pushed out of the
cylinder housing and into port SS1 of the tilt/side-
shift manifold.
5. The oil flows across SVS, out port B1 of the tilt/
sideshift manifold, into port B1 of the reach mani-
fold assembly and to the inlet of the lower CBV.
Pilot pressure opens the CBV valve to allow the
return oil to flow across and out port B.
6. Oil flows back into port B of the accessory manifold
and out port T1 to the reservoir.

Crown 2011 PF25583-7 M2.0-1460-106

139
HYDRAULIC
Hydraulic Circuits

Tilt Back Circuit

Refer to Figure 24655.
1. When the operator requests the tilt back function
via the multi-task control handle, ACCESS 4 does
not energize SVA, keeping it from shifting.
ACCESS 8 powers M5 to rotate P2. Hydraulic oil
from pump P2 supplies the accessory manifold
block on the power unit at port P2.
2. The accessory manifold block directs oil flow from
port P2 across CV4 and SVA (which is not ener-
gized) and out Port B to the reach manifold assem-
bly. The oil flows across the lower CBV. With SVR
de-energized, oil flows out port B1 of the reach
manifold and into port B1 of the tilt/sideshift mani-
fold.
Tilt Back
3. ACCESS 4 or ACCESS 7 (depending upon truck
configuration) energizes and shifts SVT, allowing
oil to flow through SVT and out port T1. Figure 24655

4. This oil enters the back of the tilt cylinder and

pushes against the piston, causing the rod to ex-
tend and the carriage to tilt back. As the piston in
the cylinder moves, the oil in the cylinder on the
other side of the piston is pushed out of the cylinder
housing and into port T2 of the tilt/sideshift mani-
fold.
5. The oil flows across SVT, out port A1 of the tilt/
sideshift manifold, into port A1 of the reach mani-
fold assembly and to the inlet port of the upper
CBV. Pilot pressure opens the CBV valve to allow
the return oil to flow across and out port A.
6. Oil flows back into port A of the accessory manifold
and out port T1 to the reservoir.

M2.0-1460-107 Crown 2011 PF25583-8

140
 HYDRAULIC
Hydraulic Circuits

Tilt Down Circuit

Refer to Figure 24656.
1. When the operator requests the tilt down function
via the multi-task control handle, ACCESS 4 ener-
gizes SVA, allowing it to shift. ACCESS 8 powers
M5 to rotate P2. Hydraulic oil from pump P2 sup-
plies the accessory manifold block on the power
unit at port P2.
2. The accessory manifold block directs oil flow from
port P2 across CV4 and SVA (which is energized)
and out Port A to the reach manifold assembly. The
oil flows across the upper CBV. With SVR de-ener-
gized, oil flows out port A1 of the reach manifold
and into port A1 of the tilt/sideshift manifold.
3. ACCESS 4 or ACCESS 7 (depending upon truck
Tilt Down
configuration) energizes and shifts SVT, allowing
oil to flow through SVT and out port T2.
Figure 24656
4. This oil enters the rod side of the tilt cylinder and
pushes against the piston, causing the rod to re-
tract and the carriage to tilt down. As the piston in
the cylinder moves, the oil in the cylinder on the
other side of the piston is pushed out of the cylinder
housing and into port T1 of the tilt/sideshift mani-
fold.
5. The oil flows across SVT, out port B1 of the tilt/
sideshift manifold, into port B1 of the reach mani-
fold assembly and to the inlet port of the lower
CBV. Pilot pressure to this CBV valve from the sup-
ply side opens this valve to allow the return oil to
flow across and out port B.
6. Oil flows back into port B of the accessory manifold
and out port T1 to the reservoir.

Crown 2011 PF25583-9 M2.0-1460-108

141